Escape pipe for safe ventilation of coal mines
By introducing guide rails and gear structures into the ventilation escape duct, the safety belt can be automatically locked during climbing, solving the problem of workers having to frequently adjust the fixing points and improving escape speed and safety.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- 张宝
- Filing Date
- 2025-09-25
- Publication Date
- 2026-07-21
AI Technical Summary
In traditional ventilation escape ducts, workers need to constantly adjust the anchor points of their safety ropes while climbing, which reduces the escape speed and lacks effective fall protection.
An escape pipe for safety ventilation in coal mines was designed, which adopts a guide rail and gear structure. The safety belt is connected to the shell by a buckle. When the worker moves upward, the gear moves downward without affecting the movement. When falling, the gear engages and locks to prevent falling.
Workers do not need to frequently switch safety belt anchor points during the upward movement process, and it has effective fall-lock protection, which improves escape speed and safety.
Smart Images
Figure CN224532776U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of escape pipeline technology, and in particular relates to an escape pipeline for safety ventilation in coal mines. Background Technology
[0002] A coal mine is a place where coal is extracted from coal-rich mining areas, mainly divided into underground mining and open-pit mining. When the coal seam is buried deep, coal is usually extracted by excavating roadways underground, and the resulting coal mining system is called an underground coal mine. During the construction of an underground coal mine, ventilation ducts are usually installed to connect the underground roadways to the surface in order to ensure underground air circulation, thereby achieving ventilation. Because ventilation ducts are large in size and there are potential safety hazards such as coal seam collapses underground, designers often add ladders and escape structures inside the ducts to facilitate emergency evacuation of personnel, providing an escape route for underground personnel in the event of an accident. Such ducts that combine ventilation and escape functions are called ventilation escape ducts.
[0003] Traditional ventilation escape ducts typically consist of a ventilation duct and an internal ladder, allowing workers to evacuate in case of emergencies underground. However, in actual long-term use, to ensure worker safety, workers usually use safety ropes they carry to protect themselves during the climb. But workers need to constantly adjust the anchor points of the safety ropes on the ladder during the climb, which reduces the worker's escape speed. Utility Model Content
[0004] The purpose of this utility model is to provide an escape pipe for safety ventilation in coal mines, which has a simple structure, eliminates the need for frequent switching of the anchor points of the safety belt and ladder during the upward movement of workers, and has locking protection in case of worker fall.
[0005] The coal mine safety ventilation escape pipe includes a vertically installed pipe body with a ladder vertically installed on the inner wall of the pipe body. A ventilation component for ventilating the pipe body is installed on the outer wall of the pipe body. A guide rail is installed on the inner wall of the pipe body on the side of the ladder. A housing that slides up and down along the length of the guide rail is installed inside the guide rail. The housing is connected to the left and right sides. Gears that slide up and down along the height of the housing are installed on both the left and right sides of the housing. Sliding grooves are opened on the inner walls of the left and right sides of the guide rail. A first toothed plate that meshes with the gear is fixed on the bottom of the sliding groove. A locking component that locks the gear when the housing moves down is installed at the top of the housing.
[0006] Furthermore, the locking assembly includes a fixing block, which is a triangular prism structure with its apex facing down. The fixing block is fixed to the inner top of the housing, and a second toothed plate that meshes with the gear is fixed to the upper end of the inclined side wall of the fixing block.
[0007] Furthermore, the front and rear side walls of the housing are vertically provided with limiting grooves, and a sliding rod is horizontally installed in the limiting groove in a sliding fit with it, and a gear is fitted on the sliding rod.
[0008] Furthermore, a hook is installed on the front side wall of the housing.
[0009] Furthermore, an extension block is fixed at the groove of the guide rail, and extension plates are vertically fixed at both the upper and lower ends of the housing, with the extension plates inserted into the guide rail.
[0010] Furthermore, the ventilation assembly includes a bellows, which is fixed to the outer wall of the pipe body. The bellows is equipped with an exhaust fan for venting into the pipe body. A ventilation pipe is vertically installed at the bottom of the bellows and is fixed to the side wall of the pipe body by a pipe clamp. A connecting pipe communicating with the ventilation pipe is installed on the side wall of the pipe body.
[0011] Furthermore, a filter plate is horizontally installed at the top opening of the air box, and fixing plates are fixed at both ends of the filter plate. The fixing plates are in an "L" shape and are installed on the top of the air box by screws.
[0012] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: In this invention, the safety belt is connected to the housing via a hook. When the worker moves upward, the housing moves upward along the guide rail. At this time, the gear moves down to the lowest end of the limiting groove and rotates normally without affecting the normal upward movement of the housing. When the worker slips down and moves the housing downward, the gear moves up to mesh with both the first toothed plate and the inclined second toothed plate, locking the gear at the highest end of the limiting groove, thereby locking the position of the housing and preventing the worker from falling and getting injured. Compared with the prior art, the worker does not need to frequently switch the fixing points of the safety belt and the ladder during the upward movement process, and it has locking protection in case of worker fall. Attached Figure Description
[0013] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model; Figure 2 for Figure 1 A magnified view of a section at point A in the middle; Figure 3 for Figure 1 Bottom view of the center guide rail; Figure 4 for Figure 1 Front view of the middle shell; Figure 5 for Figure 1 A magnified view of a section at point B in the middle; The components in the diagram are named as follows: 1. Pipe body; 2. Guide rail; 3. Slide groove; 4. Housing; 5. Fixing block; 6. Ladder; 7. Air box; 8. Ventilation pipe; 9. Pipe clamp; 10. Connecting pipe; 11. First toothed plate; 12. Second toothed plate; 13. Slide rod; 14. Limiting groove; 15. Gear; 16. Extension block; 17. Extension plate; 18. Hook; 19. Filter plate; 20. Fixing plate; 21. Exhaust fan. Detailed Implementation
[0014] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, but this is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.
[0015] Example 1 This embodiment describes an escape pipe for safety ventilation in coal mines, such as... Figures 1 to 5 As shown, it includes a vertically arranged pipe body 1, and a ladder 6 is vertically arranged on the inner wall of the pipe body 1. The pipe body 1 is fixed in the ventilation channel of the mine, and the ladder 6 is fixed on the inner wall of the pipe body 1 for workers to use. The bellows 7 is fixed to the outer wall of the pipe body 1, and the bellows 7 is fixed to the top of the outer wall of the pipe body 1; the bellows 7 is equipped with an exhaust fan 21 for venting into the pipe body 1, the exhaust fan 21 is installed inside the bellows 7, and the outside air is drawn into the pipe body 1 through the bellows 7 to accelerate the air circulation inside the pipe body 1; a ventilation pipe 8 is vertically inserted through the bottom of the bellows 7, and a through hole is opened at the bottom of the bellows 7, the upper end of the ventilation pipe 8 is inserted into the through hole; the ventilation pipe 8 is fixed to the side wall of the pipe body 1 by a pipe clamp 9, and the pipe clamp 9 is fitted onto the ventilation pipe 1. On the outer wall of pipe 8, the end of pipe clamp 9 is fixed to the outer wall of pipe body 1; a connecting pipe 10 communicating with ventilation pipe 8 is installed on the side wall of pipe body 1; several horizontal through holes are opened on the pipe wall of pipe body 1, and the connecting pipe 10 is horizontally inserted into the through holes, with one end of the connecting pipe 10 inserted into pipe body 1 and the other end connected to ventilation pipe 8, communicating with the inside of ventilation pipe 8; this section as a whole constitutes a ventilation assembly for ventilation into pipe body 1. In use, the outside air is drawn out by exhaust fan 21. The air is introduced into the air box 7 and then into the ventilation duct 8. Multiple connecting pipes 10 then guide the air from the ventilation duct 8 into the pipe body 1, accelerating air circulation within the pipe body 1. Alternatively, a filter plate 19 can be horizontally installed at the top opening of the air box 7. The filter plate 19 is horizontally fixed at the top opening of the air box 7, filtering large particles of impurities from the outside air to prevent them from being drawn into the exhaust fan 21 and affecting its normal operation. The filter plate 19 can also be replaced with an air filter to further filter the air and prevent dust and other harmful substances from entering the pipe body 1. Fixing plates 20 are fixed to both ends of the filter plate 19. The fixing plates 20 have an "L" shape and are installed on the top of the air box 7 with screws. One end of the fixing plate 20 is fixed to the top of the pipe body 1, and the other end is fixed to the top of the filter plate 19. The fixing plates 20 allow for quick installation and removal of the filter plate 19, facilitating replacement and preventing long-term clogging that could impede normal airflow.
[0016] A guide rail 2 is installed on the inner wall of the tube 1 on the side of the ladder 6. The guide rail 2 is fixed on the inner wall of the tube 1 on the side of the ladder 6. The worker's safety belt is fastened to the shell 4 inside the guide rail 2. The guide rail 2 is installed close to the ladder 6 to prevent the safety belt from being pulled when the worker climbs the ladder 6. A housing 4 is installed inside the guide rail 2 and slides up and down along the length of the guide rail 2. The housing 4 is connected to the left and right sides and is installed inside the guide rail 2. When the worker climbs the ladder 6, the housing 4 moves upward along the length of the guide rail 2. There are two gears 15 on the left and right sides of the housing 4, which slide up and down along the height direction of the housing 4. They are respectively located on the left and right sides of the housing 4. Since the left and right sides of the housing 4 are connected to the guide rail 2, the teeth of the gears 15 extend beyond the housing 4 and contact the side wall of the guide rail 2. There are two slide grooves 3 on the left and right inner side walls of the guide rail 2, respectively. A first toothed plate 11 that meshes with the gear 15 is fixed on the bottom of the slide groove 3. There are two first toothed plates 11. The first toothed plate 11 on the left is fixed on the bottom of the left slide groove 3, and the first toothed plate 11 on the right is fixed on the bottom of the right slide groove 3. The first toothed plates 11 on both sides mesh with the two gears 15 respectively. When the housing 4 moves up and down, the two gears 15 slide to the bottom of the housing 4. Conversely, when the housing 4 moves up, the gears 15 slide to the top of the housing 4. The fixing block 5 has a triangular prism structure with the apex pointing downwards. It is fixed to the inner top of the housing 4. The cross-section of the fixing block 5 is a triangular structure with the apex pointing downwards. The top of the fixing block 5 is fixed to the inner top of the housing 4. Two gears 15 are respectively positioned below the two inclined sides of the fixing block 5. After the gears 15 move upwards, they clamp between the inclined sidewalls of the fixing block 5 and the sliding groove 3. A second toothed plate 12 is fixed to the upper end of the inclined sidewall of the fixing block 5, meshing with the gears 15. There are two second toothed plates 12, each fixed to the upper end of the inclined sidewall of the fixing block 5. After the gears 15 move upwards, they mesh with the second toothed plates 12. Through the gears 15, the fixing block 5 simultaneously meshes with the first toothed plate 11 and the inclined sidewall. The second toothed plate 12 engages, locking the gear 15 inside the housing 4, thereby fixing the housing 4 inside the guide rail 2 and preventing workers from falling and getting injured. This section as a whole constitutes a locking assembly that locks the gear 15 when the housing 4 moves downward. In use, if a worker slips or loses strength and falls from the ladder 6, the safety belt pulls the housing 4 downward. When the housing 4 moves downward, the gear 15 engages with the first toothed plate 11 and moves upward along the housing 4. When the gear 15 moves upward and engages with the inclined second toothed plate 12, the gear 15 stops rotating, thereby locking the gear 15 on the first toothed plate 11, preventing the housing 4 from continuing to move downward, and suspending the worker by the safety belt to prevent the worker from falling and getting injured.
[0017] Working principle: Before climbing ladder 6, the worker fastens their safety belt to hook 18. As the worker moves upward along ladder 6, the safety belt pulls the housing 4 upward along the length of guide rail 2. As the housing 4 moves upward, gear 15 engages with the first toothed plate 11 in slide groove 3, and slide rod 13 moves downward along limiting groove 14 to the lowest point. As the housing 4 moves upward, gear 15 drives slide rod 13 to rotate within limiting groove 14, without affecting the worker's normal upward movement. If the worker slips or loses strength and falls off ladder 6, the safety belt pulls the housing 4 downward along the length of guide rail 2. Under the engagement of the first toothed plate 11, gear 15 moves upward along the height of housing 4, and slide rod 13 moves to the highest point along limiting groove 14. At this time, gear 15 engages with both the first toothed plate 11 and the inclined second toothed plate 12, thus locking gear 15 at the highest point of limiting groove 14 and locking housing 4 to prevent the worker from falling and getting injured.
[0018] Example 2 This embodiment further illustrates the technology, such as Figure 2 and Figure 4 As shown, a limiting groove 14 is vertically formed on the front and rear side walls of the housing 4. The limiting groove 14 is formed on the front and rear side walls of the housing 4. A sliding rod 13 is horizontally inserted into the limiting groove 14 and slides vertically therewith. A gear 15 is fitted onto the sliding rod 13. The front and rear ends of the sliding rod 13 are respectively inserted into the corresponding limiting grooves 14. When the gear 15 moves up and down in the housing 4, it drives the sliding rod 13 to slide up and down along the length direction of the limiting groove 14. The limiting groove 14 restricts the position of the gear 15, so that it can only move up and down, and ensures that the gear 15 can continuously mesh with the first toothed plate 11.
[0019] In this embodiment, when the housing 4 moves upward normally, the gear 15 meshes with the first toothed plate 11. The gear 15 moves downward, and the slide rod 13 moves down to the lower end of the limiting groove 14. The gear 15 drives the slide rod 13 to rotate normally in the limiting groove 14. When the housing 4 moves downward, the gear 15 meshes with the first toothed plate 11. The gear 15 moves upward along the height direction of the housing 4, driving the slide rod 13 to move up to the uppermost end of the limiting groove 14. At this time, the gear 15 meshes with both the first toothed plate 11 and the inclined second toothed plate 12. Under the limitation of the limiting groove 14, the gear 15 cannot continue to move upward or rotate, thus fixing the housing 4 in the guide rail 2.
[0020] Example 3 This embodiment further illustrates the technology, such as Figure 4 As shown, a hook 18 is installed on the front side wall of the housing 4. When the worker climbs the ladder 6, he fixes his safety belt to the hook 18. The housing 4 slides along the guide rail 2 with the worker's climb under the action of the safety belt. The hook 18 is a safety belt hook commonly used in mountaineering equipment.
[0021] Example 4 This embodiment further illustrates the technology, such as Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, an extension block 16 is fixed at the groove of the guide rail 2, and extension plates 17 are vertically fixed at both the upper and lower ends of the housing 4. The extension plates 17 are inserted into the guide rail 2, and the extension blocks 16 are fixed at the opening of the guide rail 2. The two extension blocks 16 limit the housing 4 and the extension plates 17 to prevent the housing 4 from being pulled away from the guide rail 2 by the pulling force generated by the worker falling, and ensure that the housing 4 can slide in the guide rail 2.
Claims
1. An escape pipe for safety ventilation in a coal mine, comprising a vertically arranged pipe body (1), a ladder (6) vertically arranged on the inner wall of the pipe body (1), and a ventilation assembly for ventilation into the pipe body (1) arranged on the outer wall of the pipe body (1), characterized in that: A guide rail (2) is installed on the inner wall of the tube (1) on the side of the ladder (6). A housing (4) is installed inside the guide rail (2) and slides up and down along the length of the guide rail (2). The housing (4) is connected to the left and right. Gears (15) that slide up and down along the height of the housing (4) are provided on both the left and right sides of the housing (4). Slide grooves (3) are provided on the inner walls of the left and right sides of the guide rail (2). A first tooth plate (11) that meshes with the gear (15) is fixed on the bottom of the slide groove (3). A locking component that locks the gear (15) when the housing (4) moves down is provided at the top of the housing (4).
2. The escape pipeline for safety ventilation in coal mines according to claim 1, characterized in that: The locking assembly includes a fixing block (5), which is a triangular prism structure with the apex facing down. The fixing block (5) is fixed to the inner top of the housing (4), and a second toothed plate (12) that meshes with the gear (15) is fixed to the upper end of the inclined side wall of the fixing block (5).
3. The escape pipeline for safety ventilation in coal mines according to claim 1, characterized in that: The front and rear side walls of the housing (4) are vertically provided with limiting grooves (14), and a sliding rod (13) is horizontally installed in the limiting groove (14) and slides up and down with it. A gear (15) is fitted on the sliding rod (13).
4. The escape pipeline for safety ventilation in coal mines according to claim 1, characterized in that: A hook (18) is installed on the front side wall of the housing (4).
5. The escape pipeline for safety ventilation in coal mines according to claim 1, characterized in that: An extension block (16) is fixed at the groove of the guide rail (2), and extension plates (17) are vertically fixed at both the upper and lower ends of the housing (4). The extension plates (17) are inserted into the guide rail (2).
6. The escape pipeline for safety ventilation in coal mines according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ventilation assembly includes a bellows (7), which is fixed on the outer wall of the pipe body (1). The bellows (7) is equipped with an exhaust fan (21) for venting into the pipe body (1). A ventilation pipe (8) is vertically installed at the bottom of the bellows (7). The ventilation pipe (8) is fixed to the side wall of the pipe body (1) by a pipe clamp (9). A connecting pipe (10) communicating with the ventilation pipe (8) is installed on the side wall of the pipe body (1).
7. The escape pipeline for safety ventilation in coal mines according to claim 6, characterized in that: A filter plate (19) is horizontally installed at the top opening of the air box (7). Fixing plates (20) are fixed at both ends of the filter plate (19). The fixing plates (20) are in an "L" shape and are installed on the top of the air box (7) by screws.