Spline lubricating structure applied to gearbox and gearbox
By designing oil collection grooves and active lubrication circuits in the gearbox, the problem of uncontrollable lubrication path in splash lubrication is solved, achieving effective lubrication of splines, reducing wear, extending the service life of splines, and ensuring lubrication of input shafts and bearings, thereby improving the overall performance of the gearbox.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- CATERPILLAR (QINGZHOU) CO LTD
- Filing Date
- 2025-08-04
- Publication Date
- 2026-07-21
AI Technical Summary
Splash lubrication cannot effectively control the lubrication path, resulting in insufficient lubrication of the splines on the gearbox input shaft, which poses a risk of wear.
The design incorporates an oil collection groove and an active lubrication circuit to collect splashed lubricating oil from inside the gearbox housing and actively deliver it to the spline end of the input shaft via a dedicated oil circuit. Combined with an oil drain hole, this prevents excessive accumulation of lubricating oil and achieves effective lubrication of the spline.
It solves the problem of uncontrollable lubrication path in splash lubrication, reduces spline wear, extends spline service life, and ensures sufficient lubrication of input shaft and bearings, thereby improving the overall performance of the gearbox.
Smart Images
Figure CN224533426U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of engineering machinery technology, and relates to a gearbox, specifically, to a lubrication structure for supplying lubricating oil to the splines on the input shaft of the gearbox. Background Technology
[0002] The gearbox is the core component of the power transmission system in a vehicle. It is mainly used to regulate the output torque and speed of the motor or engine, and achieves power transmission and speed change functions by working in coordination with the motor or engine.
[0003] The gearbox contains a large number of rotating parts, such as the input shaft, splines connecting the input shaft, bearings, and gear sets. To prevent these rotating parts from wearing out prematurely, lubricating oil needs to be added to the gearbox to lubricate them.
[0004] Traditional gearboxes typically employ an active lubrication circuit to deliver lubricating oil to each rotating component. For example, Chinese utility model patent CN216618491U discloses a self-lubricating device for an automotive input shaft spline. To lubricate the input shaft spline of the gearbox, an oil inlet is first created on the end face of the shaft body on the splined side. An oil delivery channel and an oil storage groove are then created inside the shaft body, connecting to the oil inlet. An oil hole is then created at the bottom of the keyway at the splined end of the shaft body, connecting to the oil storage groove. In use, lubricating oil is injected through the oil inlet into the oil delivery channel, flowing into the oil storage groove. After lubrication, the oil inlet is sealed with a seal. A spline is then installed on the splined end of the shaft body, connecting to the engine's output shaft. During gearbox operation, the input shaft rotates at high speed, causing the lubricating oil in the oil storage groove to flow through the oil hole into the splined end of the shaft body under centrifugal force, thus self-lubricating the spline.
[0005] This structural design requires periodically disconnecting the splined end of the gearbox input shaft from the motor output shaft to open the oil filler port on the input shaft and replenish lubricating oil. This is not only cumbersome to operate, but also increases the workload.
[0006] With technological advancements, some existing transmissions no longer feature active lubrication circuits, instead employing splash lubrication to lubricate their internal rotating components. Splash lubrication utilizes the high-speed rotation of the input shaft to agitate the lubricating oil within the transmission, creating splashed droplets or mist to lubricate the internal parts. However, because splash lubrication lacks control over the lubrication path, and the splashed droplets or mist have difficulty penetrating the splines, there is a risk of spline wear. Summary of the Invention
[0007] This invention addresses the problem of ineffective lubrication of splines on the input shaft of a gearbox due to the inability to control the lubrication path caused by splash lubrication.
[0008] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: In one aspect, this utility model proposes a spline lubrication structure for a gearbox, the gearbox including a housing, a cover plate installed at the front end of the housing, an input shaft disposed in the housing, the input shaft having a spline end for assembly with a spline, and the output shaft of a motor being connected via the spline; an oil collection groove for collecting splashed lubricating oil is disposed in the housing; an oil delivery channel communicating with the oil collection groove is provided on the housing; an oil guide channel is provided on the cover plate, one end of the oil guide channel communicating with the oil delivery channel, and the other end communicating with an oil guide pipe; an oil passage is provided in the input shaft, the oil passage communicating with the spline end of the input shaft, and the oil guide pipe being inserted into the oil passage.
[0009] In some embodiments of this application, the spline end of the input shaft can be configured to form an internal spline, and the oil passage can be connected to the cavity enclosed by the internal spline, so that lubricating oil can flow into the cavity and lubricate the spline installed in the cavity.
[0010] In some embodiments of this application, the input shaft may be configured to extend from the front end of the gearbox housing to the rear end of the housing, with the spline end located at the rear end of the input shaft. The oil passage may be configured to extend axially from the front end of the input shaft to the spline end, and an oil inlet may be formed at the front end of the input shaft to facilitate the insertion of an oil guide pipe from the oil inlet into the oil passage to deliver lubricating oil to the oil passage.
[0011] In some embodiments of this application, to achieve the rotational assembly of the input shaft within the gearbox housing, a front bearing mounting seat and a rear bearing mounting seat can be respectively provided at the front and rear ends of the gearbox housing. The front and rear bearings are then installed in these mounting seats, respectively, with the front and rear ends of the input shaft correspondingly mounted within them. This supports the input shaft and guides its rotational movement. Based on this structural design, an oil collection groove can be installed on the end face of the front bearing mounting seat facing the center of the housing, above the front bearing, so that sufficient splashed lubricating oil can be collected in the groove and will not flow away from the front bearing. An oil delivery channel is formed within the front bearing mounting seat, flush with the bottom of the oil collection groove, allowing the lubricating oil in the groove to flow into the channel.
[0012] In some embodiments of this application, the oil collection groove can be designed as a circular arc groove, arranged concentrically with the front bearing mounting seat, and with the groove opening facing upwards; in order to allow the lubricating oil in the oil collection groove to flow into the oil passage of the input shaft by itself, the oil delivery channel can be configured to be opened parallel to the axial direction of the input shaft, and an oil outlet connected to the oil delivery channel can be opened below the oil delivery channel; the oil guide channel can be configured to be opened vertically or vertically inclined in the cover plate, and the upper end of the oil guide channel is connected to the oil outlet of the oil delivery channel, and the lower end of the oil guide channel is connected to a reversing channel, the reversing channel is opened on the cover plate and is coaxial with the input shaft; the oil guide pipe is installed on the reversing channel and arranged along the axial direction of the input shaft to facilitate the insertion of the oil guide pipe into the oil passage of the input shaft.
[0013] In some embodiments of this application, an oil drain hole can be provided at the spline end of the input shaft, so that excess lubricating oil flowing into the spline end of the input shaft can flow back into the housing of the gearbox through the oil drain hole, thereby preventing excessive lubricating oil from remaining at the spline end of the input shaft and affecting the performance of the input shaft and spline.
[0014] In some embodiments of this application, the oil drain hole can be connected to the rear bearing mounting seat, so that the lubricating oil flowing out through the oil drain hole can flow to the rear bearing via the rear bearing mounting seat to lubricate the rear bearing.
[0015] In some embodiments of this application, a flange for connecting the motor can be installed at the rear end of the gearbox housing, and the flange, the rear bearing mounting seat, and the input shaft are configured to form a closed or substantially closed rear cavity; the oil drain hole is connected to the rear cavity, and the lubricating oil flowing out through the oil drain hole can flow through the rear cavity to the rear bearing, so that the rear bearing is fully lubricated.
[0016] In some embodiments of this application, in order to prevent the lubricating oil in the input shaft from flowing to the motor through the spline and diluting the grease in the motor bearing, the opening at the spline end of the input shaft can be designed to be concave to form a sealing ring mounting groove, and a sealing ring can be installed in the sealing ring mounting groove; at the same time, an annular baffle is installed at the opening position of the spline end of the input shaft to limit the sealing ring in the sealing ring mounting groove, and the spline is configured to pass through the inner ring of the annular baffle. The annular baffle and the sealing ring cooperate to achieve axial sealing of the lubricating oil in the input shaft.
[0017] In another aspect, this utility model also proposes a gearbox, including a housing, a cover plate installed at the front end of the housing, an input shaft disposed in the housing, the input shaft having a splined end, the splined end being assembled with a spline and connected to the output shaft of a motor via the spline; an oil collection groove for collecting splashed lubricating oil is disposed in the housing; an oil delivery channel communicating with the oil collection groove is provided on the housing; an oil guide channel is provided on the cover plate, one end of the oil guide channel communicating with the oil delivery channel and the other end communicating with an oil guide pipe; an oil passage is provided in the input shaft, the oil passage communicating with the splined end of the input shaft, and the oil guide pipe being inserted into the oil passage.
[0018] Compared with the prior art, the advantages and positive effects of this utility model are mainly reflected in: 1. This utility model designs an oil collection groove for gearboxes using splash lubrication, which actively collects the lubricating oil splashed inside the gearbox housing. By designing active lubrication oil paths on the gearbox housing, cover plate, and input shaft, the lubricating oil collected in the oil collection groove is actively guided to the spline end of the input shaft to lubricate the spline installed at the spline end. This solves the problem that the input shaft spline is difficult to be adequately lubricated due to the inability to control the lubrication path in splash lubrication, thus protecting the spline, reducing wear, and helping to extend the service life of the spline.
[0019] 2. This utility model, by opening an oil drain hole at the spline end of the input shaft, prevents excessive accumulation of lubricating oil flowing to the spline through the active lubrication oil path at the spline end of the input shaft. While ensuring the rotational performance of the input shaft and spline, the oil drain hole directs excess lubricating oil at the spline end to the input shaft bearing, ensuring sufficient lubrication of the input shaft bearing, reducing wear, and extending service life.
[0020] Other features and advantages of this utility model will become clearer after reading the detailed embodiments of this utility model in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Attached Figure Description
[0021] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly described below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without any creative effort.
[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of one embodiment of the gearbox proposed in this utility model; Figure 2 yes Figure 1 An exploded view of one embodiment of the gearbox shown. Figure 3 yes Figure 1A partial cross-sectional view of one embodiment of the gearbox shown; Figure 4 yes Figure 3 A partial sectional view of the gearbox shown after the splines have been removed; Figure 5 yes Figure 4 An enlarged cross-sectional view of one embodiment of the front end of the gearbox shown; Figure 6 yes Figure 4 An enlarged cross-sectional view of one embodiment of the rear end of the gearbox shown; Figure 7 yes Figure 4 An enlarged cross-sectional view of another embodiment of the rear end of the gearbox shown.
[0023] In the diagram, 100 is the gearbox; 110 is the housing; 111 is the front housing; 112 is the rear housing; 113 is the front end of the housing; 114 is the rear end of the housing; 115 is the shaft hole; 116 is the oil supply channel; 117 is the oil outlet; 118 is the rear cavity; 119 is the internal cavity; 120 is the cover plate; 121 is the oil inlet channel; 122 is the reversing channel; 123 is the oil guide pipe; 130 is the input shaft; 131 is the oil passage; 132 is the oil inlet; 133 is the spline end; 134 is the spline; 135 is the sealing ring; 136 is the annular baffle; 137 is the gear; 138 is the sealing ring mounting groove; 139 is the oil drain hole; 140 is the front bearing mounting seat; 141 is the rear bearing mounting seat; 142 is the front bearing; 143 is the rear bearing; 200 is the flange; and 300 is the oil collection groove. Detailed Implementation
[0024] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present utility model, and not all of them. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present utility model without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.
[0025] In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "inner", "outer", "top", "bottom", "front", "rear", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed or operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model.
[0026] In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "joining" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, an integral molding, or an internal connection of components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model according to the specific circumstances. In the description of the embodiments, specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics can be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.
[0027] Combination Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, the gearbox 100 in this embodiment mainly includes key components such as housing 110, cover plate 120, input shaft 130, spline 134, bearings 142 and 143.
[0028] The housing 110 can be assembled from a front housing 111 and a rear housing 112. The end of the housing 110 facing the motor or engine is called the rear end 114 of the housing, and the other end opposite the rear end 114 is called the front end 113 of the housing. A cover plate 120 is installed at the front end 113 of the housing, and a shaft hole 115 is provided at the rear end 114 of the housing. An input shaft 130 is arranged inside the housing 110 and extends from the front end 113 to the rear end 114 of the housing. The front end of the input shaft 130 corresponds to the position of the cover plate 120. The rear end of the input shaft 130 forms a spline end 133, which is fitted to one end of a spline 134. The other end of the spline 134 passes through the shaft hole 115 and exits the rear end 114 of the housing to connect with the output shaft of the motor or engine to realize power transmission.
[0029] A flange 200 is installed at the rear end 114 of the gearbox housing, or the flange 200 is integrated with the gearbox housing 110 and connected to the housing of the motor or engine through the flange 200, so as to realize the assembly and fixation between the gearbox 100 and the motor or engine.
[0030] To enable the input shaft 130 to rotate within the gearbox housing 110, this embodiment provides a bearing mounting base at both the front end 113 and the rear end 114 of the housing. Figure 3 As shown, the front bearing mounting base 140 and the rear bearing mounting base 141 are respectively defined. A front bearing 142 is installed in the front bearing mounting base 140, and a rear bearing 143 is installed in the rear bearing mounting base 141. The front end and rear end of the input shaft 130 are respectively installed in the front bearing 142 and the rear bearing 143. The front and rear bearings 142 and 143 support the front end and the rear end of the input shaft 130 respectively, and guide the rotational movement of the input shaft 130.
[0031] A gear 137 can be mounted on the input shaft 130, such as Figure 2 As shown, the gear 137 selectively meshes with different gear sets within the gearbox housing 110, thereby changing the transmission ratio to achieve the speed change function.
[0032] In the gearbox 100, rotating components such as the input shaft 130, spline 134, front bearing 142, rear bearing 143, and gear set require lubrication during operation to reduce wear, dissipate heat to prevent overheating, and isolate oxygen to prevent metal corrosion. In particular, the spline 134, connecting the gearbox input shaft 130 and the motor output shaft (or engine output shaft), experiences frequent alternating forward and reverse rotation during normal operation. This causes the stress surfaces of the spline 134 to change alternately. Insufficient lubrication will significantly shorten the service life of the spline 134.
[0033] Therefore, for the gearbox 100 that uses splash lubrication, before use, an appropriate amount of lubricating oil needs to be injected into the internal cavity 119 of the gearbox housing 110. The rotation of the input shaft 130 will cause the lubricating oil to be rolled up, forming splashed oil droplets or oil mist, so as to reach the installation position of different rotating parts and thus lubricate these rotating parts.
[0034] However, the splashed lubricating oil has difficulty entering the mating surface between the spline 134 and the input shaft 130, i.e., the keyway. This is especially true for input shafts 130 where the spline end 133 is configured with an internal spline, such as... Figure 4 As shown, the lubricating oil splashed inside the housing 110 has difficulty entering the spline end 133 of the input shaft, thus lubricating the spline 134 built into the spline end 133, which in turn makes the spline 134 susceptible to wear.
[0035] To solve the lubrication problem of spline 134, this embodiment adds an active lubrication oil circuit in the gearbox 100. By collecting the lubricating oil splashed inside the gearbox housing 110, it actively delivers the lubricating oil to the spline end 133 of the input shaft through a dedicated oil circuit, so that the spline 134 assembled on the input shaft 130 can be fully lubricated and wear reduced.
[0036] Combination Figures 2 to 4 As shown, in this embodiment, an oil collection groove 300 is provided inside the housing 110 of the gearbox to collect the lubricating oil splashed inside the housing.
[0037] In some embodiments, the oil collection groove 300 can be mounted on the end face of the front bearing mounting seat 140 facing the center of the housing 110, such as... Figure 5 As shown, the opening faces upward and is located above the front bearing 142 to prevent the lubricating oil collected in the oil collection groove 300 from leaking out through the front bearing 142.
[0038] In some embodiments, the oil collection groove 300 can be designed as a segment of arc groove, such as... Figure 2 As shown, it is arranged concentrically with the front bearing mounting base 140 and as close as possible to the input shaft 130. In this way, even if the input shaft 130 rotates at low speed, the lubricating oil it picks up can reach the height of the oil collection groove 300, achieving effective collection of splashed lubricating oil.
[0039] Secondly, an oil supply passage 116 is opened on the gearbox housing 110, such as... Figure 5 As shown, the oil collection tank 300 is connected so that the lubricating oil in the oil collection tank 300 can flow into the oil delivery channel 116.
[0040] In some implementations, the oil delivery channel 116 can be opened in the front bearing mounting seat 140 and flush with the bottom of the oil collection tank 300. As long as there is lubricating oil in the oil collection tank 300, no matter how much lubricating oil is collected, it can flow into the oil delivery channel 116 and then supply oil to the direction of the spline 134.
[0041] In some embodiments, the oil supply channel 116 can be opened parallel to the axial direction of the input shaft 130, and an oil outlet 117 can be opened below the oil supply channel 116. The oil outlet 117 can be opened vertically, with one end connected to the oil supply channel 116 and the other end extending to the cover plate 120, so as to guide the lubricating oil in the oil supply channel 116 to the cover plate 120.
[0042] An oil inlet channel 121 is opened on the cover plate 120, such as Figure 5 As shown, the lubricating oil delivered by the oil supply channel 116 is received and guided toward the input shaft 130.
[0043] In some embodiments, the oil inlet channel 121 can be vertically or vertically inclined on the cover plate 120, with the upper end of the oil inlet channel 121 connected to the oil outlet 117 of the oil delivery channel, and the lower end of the oil inlet channel 121 connected to the oil guide pipe 123, through which lubricating oil is delivered to the input shaft 130.
[0044] In some embodiments, the oil guide pipe 123 can be arranged along the axial direction of the input shaft 130, for example, coaxially with the input shaft 130. To facilitate the connection between the oil guide pipe 123 and the oil inlet channel 121, a reversing channel 122 can be provided on the cover plate 120, such as... Figure 5 As shown. The reversing channel 122 can be opened coaxially with the input shaft 130 on the cover plate 120, with one end connected to the oil guide channel 121 and the other end connected to the oil guide pipe 123, so as to change the flow direction of the lubricating oil and make the lubricating oil flow to the input shaft 130 along the axial direction of the input shaft 130.
[0045] In this embodiment, an oil passage 131 is provided in the input shaft 130, such as... Figure 4 As shown, the oil passage 131 is configured to be coaxially opened with the input shaft 130. The oil passage 131 forms an open oil inlet 132 at the front end of the input shaft 130. The oil guide pipe 123 is inserted into the oil inlet 132 and extends into the oil passage 131, thereby guiding the lubricating oil into the oil passage 131.
[0046] Oil passage 131 is configured to connect to the splined end 133 of the input shaft, so that lubricating oil can flow into the splined end 133 of the input shaft, thereby lubricating the spline 134 assembled on the splined end 133. Figure 3 , Figure 4 As shown.
[0047] To prevent lubricating oil flowing into the spline end 133 from flowing through the spline 134 to the motor or engine, thereby diluting the grease used to lubricate the output shaft bearing in the motor or engine, this embodiment further provides a sealing ring 135 and an annular baffle 136 at the spline end 133 of the gearbox input shaft. Figure 6 As shown.
[0048] The annular baffle 136 can be installed at the opening of the spline end 133 of the input shaft and rotates together with the input shaft 130. The inner ring size of the annular baffle 136 is configured to match the outer diameter of the spline 134, allowing the spline 134 to pass through the inner ring of the annular baffle 136. Starting from the opening of the spline end 133 of the input shaft, an axially recessed sealing ring mounting groove 138 is formed. The sealing ring 135 is installed in the sealing ring mounting groove 138, and the annular baffle 136 limits the sealing ring 136. Since the sealing ring 135 is pressed between the outer circumference of the spline 134 and the sealing ring mounting groove 138, it can effectively prevent the lubricating oil in the spline end 133 from flowing along the spline 134 to the motor or engine.
[0049] To prevent excessive accumulation of lubricating oil at the splined end 133 of the input shaft, which could affect the rotational performance of the input shaft 130 and the spline 134, this embodiment also provides an oil drain hole 139 at the splined end 133 of the input shaft. Figure 6 As shown. The oil drain hole 139 is configured to penetrate the input shaft 130 in a direction perpendicular to the axial direction of the input shaft 130, so that excess lubricating oil in the spline end 133 can flow back into the interior of the gearbox housing 110 through the oil drain hole 139, thereby realizing the recycling of lubricating oil.
[0050] In some embodiments, the oil drain hole 139 may be positioned directly opposite the rear bearing mounting seat 141 on the input shaft 130, such as... Figure 6 As shown, this allows the lubricating oil flowing out through the drain hole 139 to flow through the rear bearing mounting seat 141 to the rear bearing 143 for lubrication.
[0051] In other embodiments, the oil drain hole 139 can be positioned directly opposite the rear cavity 118 on the input shaft 130, such as... Figure 7 As shown. The rear cavity 118 is located behind the rear bearing mounting base 141 and can be formed by the rear bearing mounting base 141, the input shaft 130, and the flange 200. The rear cavity 118 can be completely closed or substantially closed. The substantially closed rear cavity 118 can be further closed by utilizing the housing of the motor or engine assembled with the gearbox 100. The oil drain hole 139 is connected to the rear cavity 118, and the lubricating oil flowing out through the oil drain hole 139 can flow through the rear cavity 118 to the rear bearing 143 to meet the lubrication requirements of the rear bearing 143.
[0052] Industrial applicability
[0053] The following description will be based on the example of using the gearbox 100 in conjunction with the motor in this embodiment.
[0054] The motor housing is mounted on the flange 200 of the gearbox 100, structurally achieving assembly and fixation between the motor and the gearbox 100. One end of the spline 134 is assembled with the spline end 133 of the gearbox input shaft, and the other end of the spline 134 is connected to the output shaft of the motor. The output shaft of the motor drives the input shaft 130 of the gearbox to rotate, thereby realizing power transmission.
[0055] Of course, the spline 134 can also be designed as an integral structure with the output shaft of the motor. By assembling the spline of the output shaft of the motor to the spline end 133 of the input shaft of the gearbox, the motor can drive the gearbox 100.
[0056] Before use, inject sufficient lubricating oil into the gearbox housing 110. After the gearbox 100 enters the working state, the input shaft 130 rotates at high speed, stirring up the lubricating oil in the housing 110, forming splashed oil droplets or oil mist.
[0057] When splashed oil droplets or mist reach the height of the oil collection tank 300, some of the lubricating oil is collected by the oil collection tank 300. The lubricating oil collected in the oil collection tank 300 automatically flows through the notch in the oil collection tank 300 to the oil delivery channel 116 at the front end 113 of the housing, and then flows to the cover plate 120 through the oil outlet 117. The oil guide channel 121 on the cover plate 120 guides the lubricating oil flowing to the cover plate 120 to the reversing channel 122, and then flows into the guide pipe 123 through the reversing channel 122, and then flows to the input shaft 130 through the guide pipe 123, entering the oil passage 131 in the input shaft. The oil passage 131 guides the received lubricating oil to the spline end 133 of the input shaft to lubricate the spline 134 installed at the spline end 133.
[0058] As the input shaft 130 continues to rotate, more and more lubricating oil flows to the spline 134. The sealing ring 135 and the annular baffle 136 installed at the spline end 133 of the input shaft prevent the lubricating oil from flowing through the spline 134 to the output shaft of the motor. At the same time, excess lubricating oil flows to the rear bearing 143 through the oil drain hole 139 opened at the spline end 133, providing lubricating oil to the rear bearing 143 and ensuring that the rear bearing 143 is adequately lubricated. The lubricating oil that has flowed through the rear bearing 143 returns to the inside of the housing 110, realizing the recycling of lubricating oil.
[0059] The spline lubrication structure in this embodiment solves the problem of uncontrollable lubrication path in splash lubrication, allowing splashed lubricating oil to smoothly reach the input shaft spline, thereby reducing spline wear, extending spline service life, and improving the overall performance of the gearbox.
[0060] Of course, the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this utility model, and are not intended to limit it; although the utility model has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions claimed by this utility model.
Claims
1. A spline lubrication structure for a gearbox, the gearbox comprising a housing, a cover plate mounted on the front end of the housing, an input shaft disposed within the housing, the input shaft having a splined end for assembly with a spline, the spline being connected to an output shaft of a motor; characterized in that, An oil collection trough for collecting splashed lubricating oil is provided in the housing; An oil delivery channel is provided on the housing to connect with the oil collection tank; An oil inlet channel is provided on the cover plate, one end of which is connected to the oil delivery channel, and the other end is connected to the oil guide pipe; An oil passage is provided in the input shaft, the oil passage is connected to the spline end of the input shaft, and the oil guide pipe is inserted into the oil passage.
2. The spline lubrication structure for a gearbox according to claim 1, characterized in that, The splined end of the input shaft forms an internal spline, and the oil passage connects to the cavity enclosed by the internal spline.
3. The spline lubrication structure for a gearbox according to claim 2, characterized in that, The input shaft extends from the front end of the housing to the rear end of the housing, the spline end is located at the rear end of the input shaft, the oil passage extends axially from the front end of the input shaft to the spline end, and the oil passage forms an oil inlet at the front end of the input shaft; The oil guide pipe is inserted into the oil passage from the oil inlet.
4. The spline lubrication structure for a gearbox according to claim 3, characterized in that, A front bearing mounting seat and a rear bearing mounting seat are respectively provided at the front end and the rear end of the housing. A front bearing and a rear bearing are respectively installed in the front bearing mounting seat and the rear bearing mounting seat. The front end and the rear end of the input shaft are respectively installed in the front bearing and the rear bearing. The oil collection groove is installed on the end face of the front bearing mounting seat facing the center of the housing and is located above the front bearing; The oil delivery channel is located in the front bearing mounting seat and is flush with the bottom of the oil collection tank.
5. The spline lubrication structure for a gearbox according to claim 4, characterized in that, The oil collection groove is a circular arc groove, which is arranged with the same center as the front bearing mounting seat, and the groove opening faces upward. The oil delivery channel is opened parallel to the axial direction of the input shaft, and an oil outlet communicating with the oil delivery channel is opened below the oil delivery channel. The oil inlet channel is vertically or vertically inclined in the cover plate. The upper end of the oil inlet channel is connected to the oil outlet of the oil delivery channel, and the lower end of the oil inlet channel is connected to a reversing channel. The reversing channel is opened on the cover plate and is coaxial with the input shaft. The oil guide pipe is installed on the reversing channel and is laid out along the axial direction of the input shaft.
6. The spline lubrication structure for a gearbox according to claim 4, characterized in that, An oil drain hole is provided at the spline end of the input shaft, and excess lubricating oil flowing into the spline end of the input shaft flows back into the housing through the oil drain hole.
7. The spline lubrication structure for a gearbox according to claim 6, characterized in that, The oil drain hole is connected to the rear bearing mounting seat. The lubricating oil flowing out through the oil drain hole flows to the rear bearing via the rear bearing mounting seat to lubricate the rear bearing.
8. The spline lubrication structure for a gearbox according to claim 6, characterized in that, The rear end of the housing has a flange for connecting a motor or engine, the flange, the rear bearing mounting base, and the input shaft forming a rear cavity; The oil drain hole is connected to the rear cavity, and the lubricating oil flowing out through the oil drain hole flows through the rear cavity to the rear bearing to lubricate the rear bearing.
9. The spline lubrication structure for a gearbox according to any one of claims 2 to 8, characterized in that, The spline end of the input shaft has an indented groove for mounting a sealing ring, and a sealing ring is installed in the groove. An annular baffle is installed at the opening position of the spline end of the input shaft to limit the sealing ring in the sealing ring mounting groove, and the spline passes through the inner ring of the annular baffle.
10. A gearbox, characterized in that, It is equipped with a spline lubrication structure for use in a gearbox as described in any one of claims 1 to 9.