A masonry type steam generator vessel structure
The refractory brick-built steam generator furnace structure, combined with coils and finned heat exchangers, forms a four-stage heat exchange process, solving the problems of thermal energy utilization efficiency and structural compactness of small vertical steam generators, and achieving efficient, rapid steam generation and safety.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- 李宗华
- Filing Date
- 2025-08-29
- Publication Date
- 2026-07-21
AI Technical Summary
Existing small vertical steam generators are insufficient in terms of thermal energy utilization efficiency and structural compactness, making it difficult to meet the needs of decentralized industrial and agricultural production, medical care, schools, and other occasions.
The furnace body structure of the built-in steam generator is constructed with refractory bricks. Combined with coil and finned heat exchangers, it forms a four-stage heat exchange process, including the combustion zone, superheated heat exchange zone, upper and lower smoke chambers, and low-pressure heat exchange zone. The heat energy utilization is optimized by using refractory walls and smoke baffles, achieving a compact structural design.
It improves thermal energy utilization efficiency, generates steam quickly, has a simple and compact structure, is suitable for small steam generators, and reduces safety risks.
Smart Images
Figure CN224534249U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to steam generators, and more particularly to a masonry-type steam generator furnace structure, belonging to the technical field of heat exchange equipment. Background Technology
[0002] Small steam generators are a commonly used steam generation and supply device. Vertical steam generators have a small footprint, low start-up cost, and relatively fast steam generation speed, and are widely used in decentralized industrial and agricultural production, medical, and school settings. Several technical solutions for small steam generators have been disclosed in Chinese patents. For example, CN119103523A discloses an evaporation structure for a vertical steam generator. Although it has a small footprint, its thermal energy utilization efficiency is not high. CN118346970A discloses a vertical three-pass high-efficiency steam generator. Although its heat exchange is relatively sufficient, its complex structure is not advantageous for use in small steam generators. CN222578210U discloses a vertical steam generator device, but it is mainly used in conjunction with waste heat boilers. Although it has a small footprint, its application is limited. A more efficient and compact steam generator furnace body is needed for steam generators. Summary of the Invention
[0003] The purpose of this utility model is to provide a masonry steam generator furnace structure that makes full use of thermal energy and has a simple and compact structure.
[0004] To achieve the purpose of this utility model, the following technical solution is adopted: A masonry-type steam generator furnace body structure includes a front furnace body constructed of refractory bricks, with a low-pressure heat exchanger connected to the rear of the front furnace body. The front furnace body has a refractory wall near its rear, with a first flue gas outlet between the top of the refractory wall and the top surface of the front furnace body. The area in front of the refractory wall is a combustion zone, and the area behind the refractory wall is a superheating heat exchange zone. A coil-type heat exchanger is fixedly installed on the upper part of the combustion zone, and a finned heat exchanger is fixedly installed in the superheating heat exchange zone. The finned heat exchanger includes an upper manifold and a lower manifold, with multiple finned tubes connected between the upper and lower manifolds. A steam outlet pipe is connected to the upper manifold, extending out of the front furnace body. The outlet of the coil-type heat exchanger is connected to the lower manifold of the finned heat exchanger. The heat exchanger is sealed between its upper end and the furnace top, and has a second flue gas outlet between its lower end and the furnace bottom. The low-pressure heat exchanger is a tube sheet heat exchanger. The shell side of the tube sheet heat exchanger contains water, and the tube side contains flue gas. The upper and lower sides of the tube side are connected to the upper and lower smoke chambers, respectively. A baffle plate is fixedly installed near the middle of the upper smoke chamber, which divides the upper smoke chamber into a front upper smoke chamber and a rear upper smoke chamber. The upper front part of the front upper smoke chamber is connected to the superheated heat exchange zone, and the rear upper smoke chamber is connected to the flue gas outlet. A low-pressure gas outlet is connected to the shell side, and the gas outlet has a relative pressure of less than or equal to 0.09 MPa. A water inlet pipe and a water outlet pipe are connected to the shell side of the low-pressure heat exchanger. The water inlet pipe is used to connect to the water supply pipe of the furnace body, and the water outlet pipe is connected to the inlet of the coil heat exchanger through a water replenishment pump.
[0005] Furthermore, the finned tubes are sealed between adjacent tubes, and the finned heat exchanger is sealed between the inner walls on both sides of the front furnace body.
[0006] Furthermore, the upper manifold of the finned heat exchanger has a pressure gauge interface, and the lower manifold has a drain port.
[0007] Furthermore, both the upper and lower smoke chambers are interlayered, with the interlayer communicating with the shell. The steam outlet is located at the top and communicates with the interlayer.
[0008] The positive and beneficial technical effects of this utility model are as follows: This structure forms a four-stage heat exchange, the steam generation zone is located in the superheated zone, the steam generation rate is relatively fast, and its structure is relatively compact. Attached Figure Description
[0009] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall design of this utility model.
[0010] Figure 2 It is a cross-sectional diagram in the front-to-back direction. Detailed Implementation
[0011] To more fully explain the implementation of this utility model, implementation examples are provided. These implementation examples are merely illustrative of this utility model and do not limit its scope.
[0012] The present invention will be further explained in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which the following labels are used: 1: Front furnace body; 2: Low-pressure heat exchanger; 3: Coil-type heat exchanger inlet; 4: Coil-type heat exchanger outlet; 5: Drain outlet (finned heat exchanger inlet); 6: Water inlet pipe; 7: Water outlet pipe; 8: Steam outlet; 9: Pressure gauge interface; 10: Low-pressure gas outlet; 11: Level gauge mounting pipe; 12: Coil-type heat exchanger; 13: Finned heat exchanger; 14: Combustion zone; 15: Superheated heat exchange zone; 16: Lower manifold; 17: Upper manifold; 18: Tube sheet heat exchanger; 19: Lower smoke chamber; 20: Front upper smoke chamber; 21: Rear upper smoke chamber; 22: Smoke outlet; 23: Jacket; 24: Fire-resistant wall; 25: Smoke baffle plate. Figure 2 The middle arrow indicates the direction of flue gas flow, and the bend in the flue gas is the flue gas inlet.
[0013] As shown in the attached figure, a masonry-type steam generator furnace structure includes a front furnace body 1 constructed of refractory bricks, with a low-pressure heat exchanger 2 connected to the rear of the front furnace body. Near the rear of the front furnace body, there is a refractory wall 24. A first flue gas outlet is located between the top of the refractory wall and the top surface of the front furnace body, as indicated by the arrow at the top of the refractory wall. A combustion zone 14 is located in front of the refractory wall, and a superheating heat exchange zone 15 is located behind it. A coiled heat exchanger 12 is fixedly installed on the upper part of the combustion zone, and a finned heat exchanger 16 is fixedly installed in the superheating heat exchange zone. The finned heat exchanger includes an upper manifold 17 and a lower manifold 16, with multiple finned tubes connected between the upper and lower manifolds. A steam outlet pipe 8 is connected, extending out of the front furnace body. The outlet 4 of the coil heat exchanger 12 is connected to the lower manifold 16 of the finned heat exchanger. The upper end of the finned heat exchanger is sealed with the furnace top, and the lower end has a second flue gas outlet with the furnace bottom. Adjacent finned tubes are sealed. The finned heat exchanger is sealed with the inner walls on both sides of the front furnace body. The second flue gas outlet is located at the arrow at the lower part of the finned heat exchanger. The low-pressure heat exchanger is a tube sheet heat exchanger 18. The shell side of the tube sheet heat exchanger contains water, and the tube side contains flue gas. The upper and lower sides of the tube side are connected to the upper and lower smoke chambers 19, respectively. The upper and lower smoke chambers are both jacketed, and the jacket is connected to the shell. The steam outlet 8 is located at the top and is connected to the jacket. A baffle plate 25 is fixedly installed near the center of the upper smoke chamber, dividing it into a front upper smoke chamber 20 and a rear upper smoke chamber 21. The front upper part of the front upper smoke chamber is connected to the superheat exchange zone, and the rear upper smoke chamber is connected to the smoke outlet 22. A low-pressure outlet is connected to the shell side. The low-pressure outlet is a low-pressure outlet with a relative pressure of less than or equal to 0.09 MPa. This type of low-pressure outlet is a commonly used low-pressure safety outlet on steam generators (boilers), which is far below the design pressure of the equipment. The relative pressure of the low-pressure outlet can be reduced to less than or equal to 0.09 MPa by installing a pressure control valve on it. The relative pressure is the gauge pressure, which is based on the local atmospheric pressure. The gauge pressure value = absolute pressure - atmospheric pressure. In engineering, the pressure display (such as pressure gauge) of the boiler and pipeline is the gauge pressure by default. A water inlet pipe 6 and a water outlet pipe 7 are connected to the shell side of the low-pressure heat exchanger. The water inlet pipe is used to connect to the water supply pipe of the furnace body, and the water outlet pipe is connected to the inlet of the coil heat exchanger through a water supply pump. That is, a water supply pump is installed between the water outlet pipe and the inlet of the coil heat exchanger. In this application, the upper manifold of the finned heat exchanger has a pressure gauge interface 9, and the lower manifold has a drain port 5, which is the inlet of the finned heat exchanger.
[0014] The flow path of the heat medium in this furnace body is as follows: water inlet pipe, water outlet pipe, disc heat exchanger inlet, disc heat exchanger outlet, lower manifold, upper manifold, steam outlet pipe; the flue gas flow path is as follows: Figure 1 As indicated by the arrow in the image. Low-voltage personnel changers can be fabricated using metal welding.
[0015] In this furnace body, the water in the shell side of the tube sheet heat exchanger is connected to the low-pressure outlet with a relative pressure of less than or equal to 0.09 MPa. In this way, the entire tube sheet heat exchanger is a low-pressure heat exchange zone. The pressure in the low-pressure heat exchange zone is far lower than the design pressure of the steam generator, so there is no safety risk.
[0016] If this application is used as a small steam generator with a volume of less than 30 liters, the volume of the coil heat exchanger plus the finned heat exchanger should be less than 30L. This structure can also be used as a large steam generator (with a volume greater than 30 liters, and the corresponding volume of the coil heat exchanger plus the finned heat exchanger greater than 30L).
[0017] After a detailed description of the embodiments of this utility model, those skilled in the art will clearly understand that various changes and modifications can be made without departing from the scope and spirit of the above-mentioned patent applications. Any simple modifications, equivalent changes and alterations made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of this utility model shall fall within the scope of the technical solution of this utility model, and this utility model is not limited to the embodiments of the examples given in the specification.
Claims
1. A masonry-type steam generator furnace body structure, comprising a front furnace body constructed of refractory bricks, and a low-pressure heat exchanger connected to the rear of the front furnace body, characterized in that: The front furnace body has a refractory wall near its rear. A first flue gas outlet is located between the top of the refractory wall and the top surface of the front furnace body. The area in front of the refractory wall is the combustion zone, and the area behind it is the superheating heat exchange zone. A coil-type heat exchanger is fixedly installed on the upper part of the combustion zone, and a finned heat exchanger is fixedly installed in the superheating heat exchange zone. The finned heat exchanger includes an upper manifold and a lower manifold, with multiple finned tubes connected between them. A steam outlet pipe is connected to the upper manifold and extends out of the front furnace body. The outlet of the coil-type heat exchanger is connected to the lower manifold of the finned heat exchanger. The upper end of the finned heat exchanger is sealed from the furnace top, and the lower end has a second flue gas outlet from the furnace bottom. The low-pressure heat exchanger is... The tube sheet heat exchanger has water in the shell side and flue gas in the tube side. The upper and lower sides of the tube side are connected to the upper and lower smoke chambers, respectively. A baffle plate is fixedly installed near the middle of the upper smoke chamber, dividing the upper smoke chamber into a front upper smoke chamber and a rear upper smoke chamber. The front upper part of the front upper smoke chamber is connected to the superheated heat exchange zone, and the rear upper smoke chamber is connected to the flue gas outlet. A low-pressure gas outlet with a relative pressure of less than or equal to 0.09 MPa is connected to the shell side of the low-pressure heat exchanger. A water inlet pipe and a water outlet pipe are connected to the shell side of the low-pressure heat exchanger. The water inlet pipe is used to connect to the water supply pipe of the furnace body, and the water outlet pipe is connected to the inlet of the coil heat exchanger through a water pump.
2. The structure of a masonry-type steam generator furnace body according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adjacent finned tubes are sealed together, and the finned heat exchanger is sealed to the inner walls on both sides of the front furnace body.
3. The furnace body structure of a masonry steam generator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper manifold of the finned heat exchanger has a pressure gauge interface, and the lower manifold has a drain port.
4. The structure of a masonry-type steam generator furnace body according to claim 1, characterized in that: Both the upper and lower smoke chambers are sandwiched layers, which are connected to the shell. The steam outlet is located at the top and is connected to the sandwich layer.