Fuel gun nozzle with self-cleaning air jet

Abstract

The utility model discloses a fuel gun head of air injection hole self -cleaning, by the shell, inner shell, fuel atomization spray pipe, fuel atomization inlet pipe etc. component is formed between the inner shell and the shell air pressure chamber, is used for the circulation and pressurization of air. The outer wall middle part of the shell outside is fixed with the air intake pipe, is used for introducing air. There are a plurality of air injection holes in the array of inner shell wall surface, and air is sprayed from the air injection hole through the air pressure chamber. The outer wall of fuel atomization spray pipe is sleeved with the adapter sleeve, is provided with the cleaning ring on the adapter sleeve, and the cleaning ring includes a plurality of cleaning bristles extending towards the inner wall of the inner shell. The inner wall of fuel atomization spray pipe is provided with helical spiral drive ring. When the mixed atomized fuel is sprayed, the high pressure drive spiral drive ring rotates, and then drives the cleaning ring to rotate, carries out real -time cleaning to the air injection hole, prevents the air injection hole from being blocked. At the same time, the dense bristle can also realize the preliminary filtration separation to the air of spraying, guarantees the cleanliness of entire air injection area.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model patent relates to the field of fuel nozzle heads, and in particular to a fuel nozzle head with a self-cleaning jet hole. Background Technology

[0002] Fuel oil does not burn completely, especially fuels with a high impurity content. Incomplete combustion products and soot gradually accumulate on the surface of the fuel nozzle. Over time, this ash buildup worsens. For example, in the boiler combustion systems of thermal power plants, numerous fuel nozzles operate continuously for weeks or even months, resulting in a thick layer of ash accumulating on the nozzle heads, easily clogging the paint spray holes. This not only alters the nozzle's appearance but also negatively impacts its performance. Dust buildup severely interferes with fuel injection. Originally well-designed nozzles become smaller and shape altered due to dust accumulation, resulting in poor fuel atomization. Poorly atomized fuel cannot mix adequately with air, significantly reducing combustion efficiency. Actual operational data shows that severe dust buildup can drop combustion efficiency from over 95% to 80% or even lower, directly leading to increased fuel waste and higher operating costs. Furthermore, uneven combustion can cause flame instability, leading to dangerous phenomena such as flame flickering and backfire, threatening the safe and stable operation of the equipment.

[0003] Traditional dust removal methods mainly include manual cleaning and online soot blowing. Manual cleaning requires operators to scrape away accumulated dust from the air jets with tools while the equipment is stopped. This method is labor-intensive, and the cleaning effect depends heavily on the operator's experience and diligence, making it difficult to guarantee thorough cleaning. Moreover, frequent shutdowns for cleaning can lead to production interruptions, affecting the company's production efficiency. Although online soot blowing can be performed while the equipment is running, simple airflow blowing is often insufficient for stubborn dust accumulation, failing to effectively remove the grime tightly adhering to the nozzle surface and failing to fundamentally solve the dust accumulation problem. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the existing technology and provide a fuel nozzle head with a self-cleaning jet hole.

[0005] To address the existing technical problems, this utility model discloses a fuel nozzle head with self-cleaning jet holes, comprising: a shell, an air inlet pipe for air intake provided in the middle of the outer wall of the shell, a front support ring provided at the front end of the shell, a middle support ring provided in the middle of the shell, an inner shell coaxially fixed inside the shell through the front support ring and the middle support ring, a pressure chamber provided between the inner shell and the outer shell, and a plurality of jet holes arrayed on the inner shell wall surface; A front bearing is fixed to the inner ring of the front support ring through a hollowed-out front adapter ring. A rear bearing is provided in the inner ring of the middle support ring. A fuel atomizing nozzle is rotatably connected in the middle of the inner shell through the front and rear bearings. An exhaust gap is provided between the fuel atomizing nozzle and the inner shell. A rear support ring is provided at the rear end of the outer casing. A fuel atomizing inlet pipe is fixed in the middle of the rear support ring. The fuel atomizing inlet pipe and the fuel atomizing nozzle are in contact through two sets of mutually sliding dynamic sealing plates. The dynamic sealing plates are fixed to the ends of the fuel atomizing inlet pipe and the fuel atomizing nozzle, respectively, and the two sets of dynamic sealing plates are in sliding sealing contact. The fuel atomizing nozzle has an adapter sleeve fitted onto its outer wall, and a cleaning ring is provided on the adapter sleeve. The cleaning ring includes several cleaning bristles extending toward the inner wall of the inner shell. A spiral drive ring is provided on the inner wall of the fuel atomizing nozzle.

[0006] The technical effects achieved by the above setup are as follows: the high pressure of the fuel injection after mixing and atomization drives the spiral drive ring to rotate, thereby driving the cleaning ring to rotate, which cleans the injection hole in real time and prevents the injection hole from being blocked. At the same time, the densely packed bristles can also achieve preliminary filtration and separation of the injected air, ensuring the cleanliness of the entire air injection area and also ensuring the cleanliness of the front combustion section.

[0007] Furthermore, a wind cap with a gradually expanding structure is coaxially fixed to the inner ring of the front support ring.

[0008] The technical effects achieved by the above settings are: the air cap can reduce pressure, increase flow rate, and improve the efficiency of air-fuel mixture combustion. Furthermore, the inner ring of the front support ring is provided with a fixing ring, and the front end of the wind cap is fixed to the fixing ring by threads.

[0009] The technical benefits achieved by the above configuration are: ease of disassembly and maintenance. Furthermore, an atomizing nozzle is provided at the front end of the fuel atomizing nozzle.

[0010] The technical effect achieved by the above settings is that the atomizing nozzle sprays evenly.

[0011] Furthermore, the atomizing nozzle is fixed to the end of the fuel atomizing nozzle via an outer sleeve. At least one set of annular hollow drive plates are fixedly connected to the end of the outer sleeve via a connecting rod with a steel wire structure. A conical cleaning ring is fixed to the outer ring of the drive plate, and the cleaning ring is slidably connected to the inner wall of the wind cap.

[0012] The technical effect achieved by the above settings is that the cleaning ring can not only clean the wind cap, but also reduce the adhesion of dirt on the surface of the cleaning ring through its own rotation. Furthermore, an inner support structure is arranged in a ring array between the middle support ring and the front support ring.

[0013] The inner support structure includes several support rods, and several inner support rings are arranged in a linear array between the outer shell and the inner shell through the support rods. The inner ring of the inner support ring contacts the outer wall of the inner shell, and several guide holes penetrating the inner support ring are also arranged in a ring array on the inner ring of the inner support ring.

[0014] The technical effect achieved by the above settings is that the inner support ring can not only provide auxiliary support, but also facilitate the uniform distribution of airflow, ensuring the uniformity of the incoming airflow.

[0015] Furthermore, sealing mechanisms are provided between the tail end of the fuel atomizing nozzle and the inner wall of the outer casing, as well as between the fuel atomizing inlet pipe and the inner wall of the outer casing.

[0016] The sealing mechanism includes an inner connecting sleeve fixed to the end of the fuel atomizing nozzle and the fuel atomizing inlet pipe. Several dynamic sealing plates are arranged in an array on the inner connecting sleeve, and a sealing gap is provided between the dynamic sealing plates. An outer connecting sleeve is provided on the inner wall of the outer shell, and several static sealing plates are arranged in a linear array on the inner wall of the outer connecting sleeve.

[0017] The technical effects achieved by the above settings are as follows: the labyrinth seal can effectively prevent fuel leakage, and even if leakage occurs, it will be adsorbed between the dynamic and static sealing plates due to capillary action; moreover, it has higher pressure resistance and can be adapted to the use of combustion-supporting agents such as gas.

[0018] Furthermore, the outer ring of the front adapter ring is provided with a number of connecting ribs arranged in a ring array. The connecting ribs are integrally arranged with the front support ring, and the inner ring of the front adapter ring is interference-fitted with the front bearing.

[0019] The technical effect achieved by the above settings is to ensure the stability and sealing of the front adapter ring structure.

[0020] The beneficial effects of this utility model are: This invention utilizes the high pressure of the fuel mixture and atomization during injection to drive the spiral drive ring to rotate, thereby rotating the cleaning ring and cleaning the injection hole in real time to prevent clogging. At the same time, the densely packed bristles can also perform preliminary filtration and separation of the injected air, ensuring the cleanliness of the entire air injection area and the front combustion section. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model.

[0022] Figure label: 1. Outer shell; 2. Air inlet pipe; 3. Front support ring; 4. Air cap; 5. Rear support ring; 6. Support rod; 7. Inner support ring; 8. Guide hole; 9. Inner shell; 10. Jet nozzle; 11. Fuel atomizing nozzle; 12. Adapter sleeve; 13. Cleaning ring; 14. Spiral drive ring; 15. Front adapter ring; 16. Support bearing; 17. Atomizing nozzle; 18. Middle support ring; 19. Inner connecting sleeve; 20. Outer connecting sleeve; 21. Static sealing plate; 22. Dynamic sealing plate; 23. Fuel atomizing inlet pipe; 24. Outer sleeve; 25. Connecting rod; 26. Drive plate; 27. Cleaning ring. Detailed Implementation

[0023] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following embodiments are only used to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and should not be used to limit the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0024] like Figure 1 As shown, the self-cleaning fuel nozzle head of this utility model includes the following parts: (a) Overall structure; This fuel nozzle mainly consists of a shell 1, an inner shell 9, a fuel atomizing nozzle 11, and a fuel atomizing inlet pipe 23. The shell 1 provides external support and protection for the entire nozzle, and the inner shell 9 forms a pressure chamber with the shell 1 for air circulation and pressurization.

[0025] (II) Detailed structure and connections of each component; The connection between the outer shell 1 and the inner shell 9; An air inlet pipe 2 is fixed to the middle of the outer wall of the outer shell 1 for introducing air. A front annular support ring 3 is provided at the front end of the outer shell 1, and a middle support ring 18 is provided in the middle. Through these two support rings, the inner shell 9 is coaxially fixed inside the outer shell 1, forming a pressure chamber between the inner shell 9 and the outer shell 1. Several jet holes 10 are arrayed on the wall surface of the inner shell 9, and air is ejected from the jet holes 10 through the pressure chamber.

[0026] Installation and rotation of fuel atomizing nozzle 11; A front bearing is fixed to the inner ring of the front support ring 3 via a hollowed-out front adapter ring 15, and a rear bearing is provided on the inner ring of the middle support ring 18. Through these two bearings, the fuel atomizing nozzle 11 is rotatably connected in the middle of the inner shell 9, and an exhaust gap is provided between the fuel atomizing nozzle 11 and the inner shell 9.

[0027] Connection between fuel atomizing inlet pipe 23 and fuel atomizing nozzle 11; The rear end of the outer casing 1 is provided with a rear support ring 5, and a fuel atomizing inlet pipe 23 is fixed in the middle of the rear support ring 5. The fuel atomizing inlet pipe 23 and the fuel atomizing nozzle 11 are in contact through two sets of mutually sliding dynamic sealing plates 22. The dynamic sealing plates 22 are fixed to the ends of the fuel atomizing inlet pipe 23 and the fuel atomizing nozzle 11 respectively to achieve sliding sealing contact and prevent fuel leakage.

[0028] Dust removal structure; An adapter sleeve 12 is fitted onto the outer wall of the fuel atomizing nozzle 11. A cleaning ring 13 is provided on the adapter sleeve 12, and the cleaning ring 13 includes several cleaning bristles extending towards the inner wall of the inner shell 9. A spiral drive ring 14 is provided on the inner wall of the fuel atomizing nozzle 11. When the mixed and atomized fuel is injected, the high pressure drives the spiral drive ring 14 to rotate, which in turn drives the cleaning ring 13 to rotate, cleaning the jet hole 10 in real time and preventing the jet hole 10 from becoming clogged. At the same time, the densely distributed bristles can also perform preliminary filtration and separation of the ejected air, ensuring the cleanliness of the entire air injection area.

[0029] The hood has a 4-structure design; A gradually expanding air cap 4 is coaxially fixed to the inner ring of the front support ring 3. The front end of the air cap 4 is threaded into a fixing ring on the inner ring of the front support ring 3, a design that facilitates disassembly and maintenance. The air cap 4 can reduce pressure, increase flow rate, and improve the efficiency of air-fuel mixture combustion.

[0030] Atomizing nozzle 17 and cleaning structure; A fuel atomizing nozzle 17 is provided at the front end of the fuel atomizing nozzle 11, and the atomizing nozzle 17 is fixed to the end of the fuel atomizing nozzle 11 via an outer sleeve 24. At least one set of annular, hollow drive plates 26 are fixedly connected to the end of the outer sleeve 24 via a connecting rod 25 of a steel wire structure. A conical cleaning ring 27 is fixed to the outer ring of the drive plate 26, and the cleaning ring 27 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the wind cap 4. The cleaning ring 27 not only cleans the wind cap 4, but also reduces the adhesion of dirt on its surface through its own rotation.

[0031] Inner support ring 7 structure; A plurality of support rods are arranged in a ring array between the middle support ring 18 and the front support ring 3. A plurality of inner support rings 7 are arranged in a linear array between the outer shell 1 and the inner shell 9 via these support rods. The inner ring of each inner support ring 7 contacts the outer wall of the inner shell 9, and the inner ring of each inner support ring 7 is also provided with a plurality of guide holes 8 penetrating the inner support ring 7 in a ring array. The inner support rings 7 not only provide auxiliary support but also facilitate the uniform distribution of airflow, ensuring the uniformity of the incoming airflow.

[0032] Sealing mechanism; A sealing mechanism is provided between the tail end of the fuel atomizing nozzle 11 and the inner wall of the outer casing 1, and between the fuel atomizing inlet pipe 23 and the inner wall of the outer casing 1. The sealing mechanism includes an inner connecting sleeve 19 fixed to the ends of the fuel atomizing nozzle 11 and the fuel atomizing inlet pipe 23. Several dynamic sealing plates 22 are arranged in an array on the inner connecting sleeve 19, with sealing gaps between the dynamic sealing plates 22. An outer connecting sleeve 20 is provided on the inner wall of the outer casing 1, and several static sealing plates 21 are arranged in a linear array on the inner wall of the outer connecting sleeve 20. This labyrinthine seal effectively prevents fuel leakage; even if leakage occurs, it will be adsorbed between the dynamic sealing plates 22 and the static sealing plates 21 due to capillary action. Furthermore, it has higher pressure resistance and can be used with combustion-supporting agents such as gas.

[0033] Front adapter ring 15 structure; The outer ring of the front adapter ring 15 is provided with a number of connecting ribs arranged in a ring array. The connecting ribs are integrally arranged with the front support ring 3. The inner ring of the front adapter ring 15 is interference-fitted with the front bearing to ensure the stable installation of the front bearing.

[0034] III. Work Process; (a) Air introduction and distribution; Air enters the pressure chamber between the outer shell 1 and the inner shell 9 through the air intake pipe 2. After being evenly distributed by the guide holes 8 on the inner support ring 7, it is ejected from the jet holes 10 on the wall of the inner shell 9. The air cap 4 processes the ejected air, reducing the pressure and increasing the flow rate, so that it can be better mixed with fuel.

[0035] (ii) Fuel injection and atomization; Fuel enters the fuel atomizing nozzle 11 through the fuel atomizing inlet pipe 23, and is atomized by the atomizing nozzle 17 before being sprayed out. During fuel injection, the high-pressure fuel drives the spiral drive ring 14 on the inner wall of the fuel atomizing nozzle 11 to rotate, which in turn drives the cleaning ring 13 to rotate, cleaning the jet hole 10.

[0036] (iii) Dust removal and cleaning; The cleaning bristles on the cleaning ring 13 clean the jet hole 10 in real time to prevent it from becoming clogged. At the same time, the cleaning ring 27 at the front end of the atomizing nozzle 17 slides into contact with the inner wall of the air cap 4 as the fuel atomizing nozzle 11 rotates, cleaning the inner wall of the air cap 4 and reducing the adhesion of dirt.

[0037] (iv) Sealing function; The dynamic sealing plate 22 and the static sealing plate 21 in the sealing mechanism form a labyrinth seal, which effectively prevents fuel leakage and ensures the normal operation and safety of the nozzle.

[0038] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Additionally, in the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," and "counterclockwise," indicating orientation or positional relationships, are based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings and are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this utility model. Furthermore, in the accompanying drawings of this utility model, the filling pattern is only used to distinguish the layers and is not used for any other limitation.

[0039] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A fuel nozzle tip with a self-cleaning jet orifice, characterized in that, include: The outer shell has an air inlet pipe in the middle of its outer wall, a front support ring at the front end, and a middle support ring in the middle. An inner shell is coaxially fixed inside the outer shell through the front support ring and the middle support ring. A pressure chamber is provided between the inner shell and the outer shell. Several jet holes are arrayed on the inner shell wall. A front bearing is fixed to the inner ring of the front support ring through a hollowed-out front adapter ring. A rear bearing is provided in the inner ring of the middle support ring. A fuel atomizing nozzle is rotatably connected in the middle of the inner shell through the front and rear bearings. An exhaust gap is provided between the fuel atomizing nozzle and the inner shell. A rear support ring is provided at the rear end of the outer casing. A fuel atomizing inlet pipe is fixed in the middle of the rear support ring. The fuel atomizing inlet pipe and the fuel atomizing nozzle are in contact through two sets of mutually sliding dynamic sealing plates. The dynamic sealing plates are fixed to the ends of the fuel atomizing inlet pipe and the fuel atomizing nozzle, respectively, and the two sets of dynamic sealing plates are in sliding sealing contact. The fuel atomizing nozzle has an adapter sleeve fitted onto its outer wall, and a cleaning ring is provided on the adapter sleeve. The cleaning ring includes several cleaning bristles extending toward the inner wall of the inner shell. A spiral drive ring is provided on the inner wall of the fuel atomizing nozzle.

2. The self-cleaning fuel nozzle head with jet orifice according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inner ring of the front support ring is coaxially fixed with a wind cap of gradually expanding structure.

3. The self-cleaning fuel nozzle head with jet orifice according to claim 2, characterized in that, The inner ring of the front support ring is equipped with a fixing ring, and the front end of the wind cap is fixed to the fixing ring by threads.

4. The self-cleaning fuel nozzle head with jet orifice according to claim 2, characterized in that, The fuel atomizing nozzle is provided at the front end of the fuel atomizing nozzle.

5. The self-cleaning fuel nozzle head with jet orifice according to claim 4, characterized in that, The atomizing nozzle is fixed to the end of the fuel atomizing nozzle via an outer sleeve. At least one set of annular hollow drive plates are fixedly connected to the end of the outer sleeve via a connecting rod with a steel wire structure. A conical cleaning ring is fixed to the outer ring of the drive plate, and the cleaning ring is slidably connected to the inner wall of the wind cap.

6. The self-cleaning fuel nozzle head with jet orifice according to claim 1, characterized in that, An inner support structure is also provided in a ring array between the middle support ring and the front support ring.

7. The self-cleaning fuel nozzle head with jet orifice according to claim 6, characterized in that, The inner support structure includes several support rods, and several inner support rings are arranged in a linear array between the outer shell and the inner shell through the support rods. The inner ring of the inner support ring contacts the outer wall of the inner shell, and several guide holes penetrating the inner support ring are also arranged in a ring array on the inner ring of the inner support ring.

8. The self-cleaning fuel nozzle head with jet orifice according to claim 1, characterized in that, A sealing mechanism is provided between the tail end of the fuel atomizing nozzle and the inner wall of the outer casing, as well as between the fuel atomizing inlet pipe and the inner wall of the outer casing.

9. The self-cleaning fuel nozzle head with jet orifice according to claim 8, characterized in that, The sealing mechanism includes an inner connecting sleeve fixed to the end of the fuel atomizing nozzle and the fuel atomizing inlet pipe. Several dynamic sealing plates are arranged in an array on the inner connecting sleeve, and a sealing gap is provided between the dynamic sealing plates. An outer connecting sleeve is provided on the inner wall of the outer shell, and several static sealing plates are arranged in a linear array on the inner wall of the outer connecting sleeve.

10. The self-cleaning fuel nozzle head with jet orifice according to claim 1, characterized in that, The outer ring of the front adapter ring is provided with a number of connecting ribs arranged in a ring array. The connecting ribs are integrally arranged with the front support ring, and the inner ring of the front adapter ring is interference-fitted with the front bearing.

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