Abrasion-proof shield structure for protecting coal economizer tubes

Abstract

The utility model relates to a kind of anti-abrasion shield structure for protecting economizer tube, it belongs to the field of economizer maintenance.The utility model includes upper header, lower header, multiple economizer tube banks, multiple elbows and multiple anti-abrasion shield main bodies, multiple economizer tube banks are provided between upper header and lower header according to layout, the corresponding position of each economizer tube bank is provided with elbow, an independent anti-abrasion shield main body is installed at each elbow, each anti-abrasion shield main body is installed on the elbow at the bottom of economizer tube bank using clamp type fixing mode, and the anti-abrasion shield main body is made of wear-resistant material.The utility model is rationally structured, safe and reliable, can effectively reduce the abrasion of flue gas on economizer tube bank elbow, prolong the service life of economizer, improve the safety and reliability of boiler operation, meet the use requirement.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to an anti-wear cover structure, and more particularly to an anti-wear cover structure for protecting economizer tubes. It is an anti-wear protection technology for the elbow of economizer tubes in waste heat boilers, and belongs to the field of economizer maintenance. Background Technology

[0002] The economizer is a crucial component of a boiler, its function being to utilize the heat from the flue gas at the boiler's tail end to heat the feedwater, thereby improving the boiler's thermal efficiency. Economizers typically consist of numerous parallel tubes. During operation, especially at bends, these tubes are subjected to severe wear due to the scouring effect of solid particles carried by the high-speed flue gas. Prolonged wear not only reduces the economizer's service life but may also lead to leaks and other safety incidents, affecting the normal operation of the boiler.

[0003] During the operation of the waste heat boiler, the flue gas contains a large amount of fly ash. Due to gravity, the fly ash is distributed with coarse particles in the lower part of the flue gas and fine particles in the upper part. The bottom of the economizer tubing, due to its numerous bends and large friction area, suffers severe erosion and wear from the coarse fly ash particles. Long-term wear leads to frequent tube ruptures in the economizer tubing, severely limiting the boiler's operating cycle to approximately 90 days. Each shutdown presents significant challenges and workload for inspection; repairs after tube ruptures are not only costly and difficult but also time-consuming, seriously threatening the safe and stable operation of the boiler and significantly impacting production efficiency and economic benefits.

[0004] Currently, existing economizer anti-wear measures have problems such as weak targeting and unsatisfactory anti-wear effect, especially the lack of effective anti-wear measures at the tube bends.

[0005] Therefore, it is urgent to develop a high-efficiency protective cover for the easily worn parts of the economizer in order to effectively improve the stability and reliability of boiler operation and reduce maintenance costs and production risks. Utility Model Content

[0006] The purpose of this utility model is to overcome the above-mentioned shortcomings in the existing technology and provide a wear-resistant cover structure for protecting economizer tubes that has a reasonable structural design, is safe and reliable, can effectively reduce the wear of flue gas on the economizer tube elbows, extend the service life of the economizer, and improve the safety and reliability of boiler operation.

[0007] The technical solution adopted by this utility model to solve the above problems is as follows: the anti-wear cover structure for protecting economizer tubes includes an upper header, a lower header, multiple economizer tubes and multiple elbows. Multiple economizer tubes are arranged between the upper header and the lower header according to the layout. An elbow is provided at the corresponding position of each economizer tube. The feature is that it also includes multiple anti-wear cover bodies. An independent anti-wear cover body is installed at each elbow. Each anti-wear cover body is installed on the bottom elbow of the economizer tube using a clamp-type fixing method. The anti-wear cover body is made of wear-resistant material.

[0008] Preferably, the present invention also includes connecting ears, with connecting ears provided at both ends of the wear-resistant cover body, and bolt holes opened on the connecting ears. The wear-resistant cover body is installed at the elbow by bolts and nuts.

[0009] Preferably, the present invention also includes a gasket, which is disposed on the inner side of the anti-wear cover body to ensure a tight fit between the anti-wear cover body and the elbow, while preventing loosening due to vibration or other reasons.

[0010] Preferably, the wear-resistant cover body of this utility model is arc-shaped, matching the outer contour of the elbow.

[0011] Preferably, the adjacent anti-wear cover bodies of this utility model have a certain overlapping area.

[0012] Preferably, the wear-resistant cover body of this utility model is made of high-chromium alloy cast iron.

[0013] Preferably, the gasket of this invention is a rubber gasket; other flexible materials may also be used.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, this utility model has the following advantages and effects: the overall structure is reasonably designed and safe and reliable. By setting multiple anti-wear cover bodies, it can effectively resist the scouring and wear of fly ash on the bottom elbow of the economizer tube, significantly extend the service life of the economizer tube, reduce the occurrence of tube rupture accidents, thereby breaking through the limitations of the existing boiler operating cycle, reducing maintenance costs and workload, and ensuring the safe, stable and efficient operation of the boiler. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an embodiment of the present utility model.

[0016] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A partially enlarged structural diagram.

[0017] In the diagram: 1. Upper header, 2. Lower header, 3. Economizer tubes, 4. Elbow, 5. Wear-resistant cover body, 6. Connecting lug, 7. Gasket. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and through embodiments. The following embodiments are explanations of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.

[0019] Example

[0020] See Figures 1-2 The anti-wear cover structure for protecting the economizer tubes in this embodiment includes an upper header 1, a lower header 2, multiple economizer tubes 3, multiple elbows 4, and multiple anti-wear cover bodies 5. Multiple economizer tubes 3 are arranged between the upper header 1 and the lower header 2 according to the layout. An elbow 4 is provided at the corresponding position of each economizer tube 3, and an independent anti-wear cover body 5 is installed at each elbow 4.

[0021] In this embodiment, the main body 5 of the wear-resistant cover is made of wear-resistant material, possessing sufficient strength and hardness to resist the erosion of flue gas particles. For example, wear-resistant alloy materials such as high-chromium alloy cast iron can be used.

[0022] In this embodiment, the anti-wear cover body 5 is arc-shaped, matching the outer contour of the elbow 4 of the economizer tube 3; its curvature and radius are designed according to the actual size of the economizer tube elbow to ensure that it can fit tightly against the elbow surface.

[0023] In this embodiment, the two ends of the anti-wear cover body 5 are provided with connecting ears 6, and bolt holes are opened on the connecting ears 6. The anti-wear cover body 5 can be firmly installed at the elbow 4 of the economizer tube 3 by bolts and nuts.

[0024] In this embodiment, a rubber pad or other flexible material pad can be provided on the inner side of the anti-wear cover body 5 to ensure a tight fit between the anti-wear cover and the elbow, while preventing loosening due to vibration or other reasons.

[0025] According to the arrangement of the elbows 4 of the economizer tube 3, each elbow 4 can be equipped with an independent anti-wear cover body 5; there can be a certain overlap area between adjacent anti-wear cover bodies 5 to further improve the anti-wear effect.

[0026] All anti-wear cover bodies 5 are installed on the bottom elbow of the economizer tube using a clamp-type fixing method. This fixing method has significant advantages: on the one hand, it avoids problems such as heat stress concentration and welding deformation that may be caused by direct welding with the piping system, effectively protecting the structural integrity of the piping system; on the other hand, the clamp-type fixing is easy to install and disassemble, and in subsequent maintenance and repair processes, it can quickly and conveniently inspect, replace or adjust the anti-wear cover, greatly improving work efficiency and reducing maintenance difficulty and cost.

[0027] The current operating status of the equipment, as well as its installation and manufacturing details, are as follows:

[0028] 1) Shutdown Cleaning and Inspection: Following the established operating procedures, after the boiler is shut down, maintenance personnel use professional cleaning tools, such as high-pressure air guns and brushes, to thoroughly clean the exterior of the economizer tubes, ensuring no dust or impurities remain. Subsequently, using a thickness gauge with an accuracy of [specific accuracy value], and following standard measurement specifications, multiple measurement points are evenly selected at key locations on the economizer tubes, especially the bottom bends and easily worn areas, to measure the thickness, and the measurement data is accurately recorded.

[0029] 2) Fabrication of the anti-wear hood body: Based on the actual dimensions of the elbow 4 of the economizer tube 3, the anti-wear hood body 5 is fabricated using mold casting or machining. During fabrication, ensure that the arc shape of the anti-wear hood body 5 precisely matches the outer contour of the elbow 4. The surface of the anti-wear hood is treated, such as by grinding and polishing, to reduce flue gas flow resistance.

[0030] 3) Installation of the anti-wear cover body: Based on the actual size and shape of the bottom elbow 4 of the economizer tube 3, a pre-fabricated anti-wear cover body made of suitable 0Cr18Ni9 material with a thickness of 3.5mm is selected. This material has undergone comprehensive performance testing and analysis of various materials, demonstrating good wear resistance, corrosion resistance, and suitable strength and toughness, effectively resisting the erosion of fly ash in harsh working environments. Simultaneously, considering the balance between the economizer's heat exchange efficiency and anti-wear effect, the thickness of the anti-wear cover is determined to be 3.5mm. This thickness ensures sufficient wear resistance while minimizing adverse effects on the heat exchange process, ensuring the overall stability of the economizer's performance.

[0031] Place the wear-resistant cover body 5 accurately on the elbow 4, ensuring it fits tightly against the elbow surface and provides complete and gapless protection. Next, select a suitable clamp and install it on the fixing part of the wear-resistant cover body 5. Using a special tool, such as a torque wrench, tighten the clamp nut to the specified torque value to ensure the wear-resistant cover body 5 is firmly fixed to the elbow 4, while avoiding over-tightening to prevent damage to the wear-resistant cover or piping system.

[0032] 4) Operation Monitoring and Maintenance: After the boiler is put back into operation, a regular inspection system should be established, and professional technicians should be assigned to regularly check the working status of the anti-wear cover body 5. Potential problems should be identified promptly by observing the wear condition of the surface of the anti-wear cover body 5, the tightness of the clamps, and the operating parameters of the economizer tubes. If wear, deformation, or loose clamps are found in the anti-wear cover body 5, the boiler should be shut down immediately for maintenance. The anti-wear cover body 5 should be replaced or reinstalled according to the actual situation, and the thickness of the piping system should be checked again to ensure the safe operation of the economizer. Based on the economizer's operating environment and flue gas characteristics, the material and structure of the anti-wear cover should be optimized and adjusted in a timely manner to ensure the best anti-wear effect. Simultaneously, the performance of the anti-wear cover body 5 should be analyzed based on each inspection and maintenance record to provide data support for possible subsequent optimization and improvement.

[0033] Based on the above description, those skilled in the art are already able to implement it.

[0034] Furthermore, it should be noted that the specific embodiments described in this specification may differ in the shape and name of their components. The above description is merely illustrative of the structure of this utility model. All equivalent or simple variations made based on the structure, features, and principles described in this utility model patent concept are included within the protection scope of this utility model patent. Those skilled in the art to which this utility model pertains may make various modifications or additions to the described specific embodiments or use similar methods to replace them, as long as they do not deviate from the structure of this utility model or exceed the scope defined in these claims, all of which should fall within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A wear-resistant cover structure for protecting economizer tubes, comprising an upper header (1), a lower header (2), multiple economizer tubes (3), and multiple elbows (4), wherein multiple economizer tubes (3) are arranged between the upper header (1) and the lower header (2) according to the layout, and each economizer tube (3) is provided with an elbow (4) at a corresponding position, characterized in that: It also includes multiple anti-wear cover bodies (5), and an independent anti-wear cover body (5) is installed at each bend (4). Each anti-wear cover body (5) is installed on the bottom bend (4) of the economizer tube (3) using a clamp-type fixing method. The anti-wear cover body (5) is made of wear-resistant material.

2. The anti-wear cover structure for protecting economizer tubes according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes connecting ears (6). Connecting ears (6) are provided at both ends of the anti-wear cover body (5). Bolt holes are opened on the connecting ears (6). The anti-wear cover body (5) is installed at the elbow (4) by bolts and nuts.

3. The anti-wear cover structure for protecting economizer tubes according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a gasket (7), which is disposed on the inner side of the anti-wear cover body (5).

4. The anti-wear cover structure for protecting economizer tubes according to claim 1, characterized in that: The wear-resistant cover body (5) is arc-shaped and matches the outer contour of the elbow (4).

5. The anti-wear cover structure for protecting economizer tubes according to claim 1, characterized in that: An overlapping area is provided between adjacent anti-wear cover bodies (5).

6. The anti-wear cover structure for protecting economizer tubes according to claim 1, characterized in that: The main body (5) of the wear-resistant cover is made of high-chromium alloy cast iron.

7. The anti-wear cover structure for protecting economizer tubes according to claim 3, characterized in that: The gasket (7) is a rubber gasket.

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