A multi-source cooperative and cascade energy utilization heat supply system

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of multi-source coordination and cascade energy utilization's heating system, comprising: concentrating photovoltaic unit, utilize solar photovoltaic to generate electricity, and provide heat to heat storage water tank;Air source heat pump unit, including evaporator, compressor, first condenser and expansion valve sequentially connected to form circulation loop;Heat recovery organic rankine cycle power generation unit, including steam generator, turbine, regenerator and second condenser;Gas boiler unit, the tail gas outlet of gas boiler is sequentially connected steam generator, evaporator and preheater, the gas inlet of the gas boiler is connected with preheater;The utility model couples concentrating photovoltaic unit, air source heat pump unit, heat recovery organic rankine cycle power generation unit and gas boiler unit, can realize efficient, low carbon, stable heating demand by multi-source coordination and cascade energy utilization, solved the problem of low efficiency and insufficient adaptability caused by existing single energy heating system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of heating system technology, specifically relating to a heating system with multi-source coordination and cascade energy utilization. Background Technology

[0002] The statements herein provide only background information related to this invention and do not necessarily constitute prior art.

[0003] In the field of clean heating technology, problems such as low energy efficiency, poor system stability, and high carbon emissions are prevalent. These defects severely restrict the performance and sustainability of heating systems, specifically manifested in the following key drawbacks: Single-energy heating systems lead to low efficiency and insufficient adaptability. Existing heating systems (such as air source heat pumps or solar collectors) often operate independently, lacking coordination mechanisms. For example, the heating efficiency of air source heat pumps (ASHPs) drops sharply in low-temperature environments (COP can fall below 2.0), and they are prone to shutdown due to frosting, leading to heating interruptions. Meanwhile, solar collector systems (such as traditional photovoltaics) are greatly affected by weather, unable to provide stable heating when sunlight is insufficient. Although gas boilers respond quickly, their direct combustion mode does not fully recover waste heat from exhaust gases (flue gas emission temperatures are typically above 120°C), resulting in the waste of high-grade energy.

[0004] The Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) can generate electricity using waste heat from gas-fired boilers. However, existing ORC systems often use a single heat source and have inadequate regenerator designs, resulting in low thermal efficiency (typically below 20%) and underutilization of the waste heat from gas-fired boilers. Furthermore, current heating systems rely on the power grid or a single power generation unit (such as photovoltaics) for electricity, lacking multi-source coordinated scheduling, making the system unable to be self-sufficient. Auxiliary equipment such as pumps often require external power, increasing operating costs. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a heating system that utilizes multi-source coordination and cascaded energy utilization, which can achieve efficient, low-carbon, and stable heating needs through multi-source coordination and cascaded energy utilization.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model is implemented through the following technical solution: In a first aspect, embodiments of this utility model provide a heating system for multi-source coordination and cascaded energy utilization, comprising: Concentrated photovoltaic units generate electricity using solar photovoltaic power and provide heat to the hot water storage tank; An air source heat pump unit includes an evaporator, a compressor, a first condenser, and an expansion valve connected in sequence to form a circulation loop. The condenser is connected to a hot water storage tank and provides heat to the hot water storage tank. A regenerative organic Rankine cycle power generation unit includes a steam generator, a turbine, a regenerator, and a second condenser. The steam generator, turbine, regenerator, second condenser, and pump are connected in sequence to form a working fluid loop. The turbine drives a generator to generate electricity. The second condenser is connected to a heat storage tank to form a water loop. The gas-fired boiler unit has its exhaust gas outlet connected in sequence to a steam generator, an evaporator, and a preheater, and the gas inlet of the gas-fired boiler is connected to the preheater.

[0007] As a further technical solution, the exhaust gas pipeline connecting the steam generator and the evaporator is also connected to the first heat exchanger, and the first heat exchanger is connected to the heat storage tank.

[0008] As a further technical solution, the gas boiler is connected to the heat storage tank through a second heat exchanger.

[0009] As a further technical solution, the gas end of the gas boiler is connected to the gas boiler via a preheater.

[0010] As a further technical solution, both the thermal storage tank and the hot water storage tank are connected to the user's heating terminal.

[0011] As a further technical solution, the concentrated photovoltaic unit includes a concentrated photovoltaic panel and a collector. The concentrated photovoltaic panel converts solar energy into electrical energy, and the generated electrical energy is transmitted to the power management center through an inverter. The waste heat of the collector is transferred through water and provided to the hot water storage tank.

[0012] As a further technical solution, the electrical energy generated by the generator is transmitted to the power management center, which provides power to the electrical components in the concentrating photovoltaic unit, the air source heat pump unit, the regenerative organic Rankine cycle power generation unit, and the gas boiler unit.

[0013] As a further technical solution, the power management center is also connected to the power grid and charging piles respectively.

[0014] As a further technical solution, the exhaust gas outlet of the preheater is connected to a carbon capture and storage device.

[0015] As a further technical solution, propane is used as the working fluid in the working fluid loop of the regenerative organic Rankine cycle power generation unit.

[0016] The beneficial effects of the above-described embodiments of this utility model are as follows: (1) The heating system provided by this utility model solves the problems of low efficiency and insufficient adaptability caused by existing single-energy heating systems by coupling a concentrating photovoltaic unit, an air source heat pump unit, a regenerative organic Rankine cycle power generation unit and a gas boiler unit; the evaporator of the air source heat pump unit is heated by the exhaust gas generated by the gas boiler unit, avoiding the interruption of heating caused by low temperature frost triggering shutdown, and improving heating efficiency; the concentrating photovoltaic unit, the air source heat pump unit, the regenerative organic Rankine cycle power generation unit and the gas boiler unit can all generate heat energy to provide to users, solving the problem that a single solar thermal system cannot provide stable heating; the exhaust gas generated by the gas boiler unit can provide heat to the steam generator, evaporator and preheater, realizing the cascade utilization of the gas boiler.

[0017] (2) The heating system provided by this utility model connects the exhaust gas pipeline between the steam generator and the evaporator to the first heat exchanger, so that part of the exhaust gas can be directly used to heat the heat storage tank through the first heat exchanger; the gas boiler is connected to the heat storage tank through the second heat exchanger, and the heat from the gas boiler can be provided to the heat storage tank through the second heat exchanger. Both the heat storage tank and the hot water storage tank can provide heat to the user.

[0018] (3) The heating system provided by this utility model has flexible sources and uses of electricity for the power management center. The electricity comes from concentrated photovoltaic power generation and regenerative organic Rankine cycle generators. Under the unified dispatch of the power management center, it can supply power to the electrical components in the system and achieve self-sufficiency. In addition, it can also supply power to charging piles to meet the electricity needs of electric vehicles and electric vehicles. The surplus electricity can be supplied to the power grid and uniformly allocated by the power management center. Attached Figure Description

[0019] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this specification, are used to provide a further understanding of this utility model. The illustrative embodiments of this utility model and their descriptions are used to explain this utility model and do not constitute an improper limitation of this utility model.

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the heating system for multi-source synergy and cascade energy utilization of this utility model.

[0021] The diagram is for illustrative purposes only. The components include: 1. Concentrated photovoltaic unit; 101. Concentrated photovoltaic panel; 2. Air source heat pump unit; 201. Evaporator; 202. Compressor; 203. First condenser; 204. Expansion valve; 3. Regenerative organic Rankine cycle power generation unit; 301. Steam generator; 302. Turbine; 303. Regenerator; 304. Second condenser; 305. Generator; 4. Gas boiler unit; 401. Gas boiler; 402. Second heat exchanger; 403. Preheater; 404. Gas end; 405. Carbon capture and storage device; 5. Hot water storage tank; 6. First heat exchanger; 7. Inverter; 8. Power management center; 9. Charging pile; 10. Power grid; 11. Thermal storage tank. Detailed Implementation

[0022] It should be noted that the following detailed description is exemplary and intended to provide further explanation of the present invention. Unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used in this invention have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains.

[0023] Example 1 In a typical embodiment of this utility model, such as Figure 1 As shown, a heating system with multi-source synergy and cascade energy utilization is provided, including: Concentrated photovoltaic unit 1 generates electricity using solar photovoltaic power and provides heat to hot water storage tank 5; The air source heat pump unit 2 includes an evaporator 201, a compressor 202, a first condenser 203 and an expansion valve 204 connected in sequence to form a circulation loop. The condenser is connected to a hot water storage tank 5 and provides heat to the hot water storage tank 5. The regenerative organic Rankine cycle power generation unit 3 includes a steam generator 301, a turbine 302, a regenerator 303, and a second condenser 304. The steam generator 301, turbine 302, regenerator 303, second condenser 304, and pump are connected in sequence to form a working fluid circuit. The turbine 302 drives a generator 305 to generate electricity. The second condenser 304 is connected to a heat storage tank 11 to form a water circuit. The exhaust outlet of the gas boiler unit 401 is connected to the steam generator 301, the evaporator 201 and the preheater 403 in sequence, and the gas inlet of the gas boiler 401 is connected to the preheater 403.

[0024] The concentrated photovoltaic unit 1 includes a concentrated photovoltaic panel 101, which converts solar energy into electrical energy. The generated electrical energy is transmitted to the power management center 8 via an inverter 7. The waste heat from the solar collector is transferred to the hot water storage tank 5 via water. Furthermore, the power management center 8 provides power to the electrical components in the concentrated photovoltaic unit 1, the air source heat pump unit 2, the regenerative organic Rankine cycle power generation unit 3, and the gas boiler unit 4. The power management center 8 is also connected to the power grid 10 and the charging pile 9, respectively.

[0025] The operating principle of the concentrated photovoltaic unit 1 is as follows: solar energy shines on the surface of the collector, and different bands of solar radiation are differentiated and utilized based on spectral beam splitting technology. Visible light radiation in the photovoltaic conversion spectrum is concentrated onto the photovoltaic panel, converting solar energy into electrical energy. After passing through the photovoltaic inverter 7, the electrical energy is transmitted to the power management center 8 for unified scheduling. The power management center 8 can supply power to the compressor 202 of the air source heat pump and to nearby pumps through scheduling. The remaining electrical energy can also be supplied to the charging pile 9 and the power grid 10. The waste heat of the concentrated photovoltaic panel 101 is transferred through water, enters the hot water storage tank 5 for heat exchange, and then returns to the concentrated photovoltaic unit 1.

[0026] The evaporator 201 of the air source heat pump unit 2 receives heat from the exhaust gas of the gas boiler 401. The heat transfer medium in the evaporator 201 absorbs heat and evaporates into a gaseous state. After being compressed in the compressor 202, it becomes a high-temperature, high-pressure gas. The gas then flows into the first condenser 203 and condenses into a liquid state. Finally, it passes through the expansion valve 204 and returns to the evaporator 201. Water is used as the medium for heat exchange on the first condenser 203 side of the air source heat pump unit 2. The hot water flows through and enters the hot water storage tank 5.

[0027] In a regenerative organic Rankine cycle, the working fluid (propane) is heated by the exhaust gas from a gas boiler 401 and converted into superheated steam. This steam then enters a turbine 302, where it expands and performs work, driving a generator 305 to generate electricity. The electricity generated by the generator 305 is then transmitted to an electrical management center 8. Subsequently, the working fluid passes sequentially through a regenerator 303 and a second condenser 304. The second condenser 304 exchanges heat with water. The working fluid is then pressurized by a pump to a high-pressure state before flowing back into the regenerator 303 for further heating. Finally, it enters the steam generator 301, thus completing the cycle.

[0028] In this embodiment, the gas boiler 401 of the gas boiler unit 4 is connected to the heat storage tank 11 via the second heat exchanger 402. The gas end 404 of the gas boiler 401 is connected to the gas boiler 401 via the preheater 403. The exhaust gas pipeline connecting the steam generator 301 and the evaporator 201 is also connected to the first heat exchanger 6, which is connected to the heat storage tank 11. Furthermore, the exhaust gas outlet of the preheater 403 is connected to the carbon capture and storage device 405.

[0029] The working principle of the gas boiler 401 is as follows: Gas from the gas end 404 enters the preheater 403 for preheating and temperature increase, and then is pressurized by a pump before entering the gas boiler 401 for combustion. The exhaust gas from the gas boiler 401 enters the steam generator 301, serving as a heat source to drive a regenerative organic Rankine cycle for power generation. The exhaust gas is then divided into two parts: the first part enters the first heat exchanger 6 for heat exchange with water, and the heated hot water enters the heat storage tank 11; the second part, under low-temperature conditions, is mixed with exhaust gas and regulated by valves to enter the evaporator 201 of the air source heat pump unit 2, serving as a low-temperature heat source to drive the heat pump cycle. This configuration fully utilizes the waste heat of the exhaust gas and also improves the COP of the air source heat pump. The exhaust gas from the evaporator 201 enters the preheater 403 to preheat the gas, and the exhaust gas from the preheater 403 enters the carbon capture and storage device 405 for exhaust gas treatment.

[0030] Furthermore, the medium (water) in the second heat exchanger 402 exchanges heat with the gas boiler 401 and stores the heat in the heat tank. The second heat exchanger 402 exchanges heat with the heat storage tank 11 using water, while the heat storage tank 11 exchanges heat with the user's heating terminal, using water as the medium to provide heat to the user.

[0031] In this embodiment, both the heat storage tank 11 and the hot water storage tank 5 are connected to the user's heating terminal, and together they provide heat to the user. The hot water in the heat storage tank 11 comes from heat exchange with the second condenser 304, the first heat exchanger 6, and the second heat exchanger 402, respectively. The hot water in the hot water storage tank 5 comes from heat exchange with the first condenser 203 of the air source heat pump unit 2 and the waste heat from the concentrating photovoltaic unit 1. Therefore, the hot water storage tank 5 and the heat storage tank 11 can guarantee a 24-hour hot water supply for the user. The working process of the multi-source coordinated and cascaded energy utilization heating system provided in this embodiment is as follows: Concentrated photovoltaic unit 1 and air source heat pump unit 2 are connected in parallel, forming a complementary relationship. Both use water tank heat storage to meet user heating requirements, and can switch between different operating modes based on the following conditions: When the outlet temperature of the concentrating photovoltaic unit 1 is 7°C higher than the minimum temperature of the hot water storage tank 5, and the temperature of the hot water storage tank 5 is greater than 43°C, only the solar thermal cycle is turned on and the air source heat pump is turned off, relying entirely on solar energy for heating.

[0032] When the outlet temperature of the concentrating photovoltaic unit 1 is 7°C higher than the minimum temperature of the water tank, but the temperature of the hot water storage tank 5 is less than 40°C, the solar thermal cycle and the air source heat pump are turned on simultaneously to meet the heating demand.

[0033] When the outlet temperature of the concentrating photovoltaic unit 1 is less than 2°C below the minimum temperature of the water tank and the temperature of the hot water storage tank 5 is less than 40°C, only the air source heat pump is turned on and the solar thermal cycle is turned off. By controlling the air source heat pump, the normal operation of the heating system is maintained.

[0034] The exhaust gas from the gas-fired boiler 401 is first utilized for waste heat recovery to provide a heat source for the regenerative organic Rankine cycle, improving system energy efficiency. The exhaust gas is then divided into two parts. Under low-temperature conditions, the exhaust gas from the gas-fired boiler 401 enters the air-source heat pump evaporator 201. The waste heat from the exhaust gas can increase the inlet temperature of the evaporator 201, reduce the compression ratio, and increase the COP of the air-source heat pump, which can be controlled by valves. The other part of the exhaust gas outputs heat to the outside through the first heat exchanger 6 to meet the user's heating needs. Compared to similar gas-fired boiler 401 systems, where exhaust gas is generally directly discharged into the atmosphere after waste heat recovery, the exhaust gas in this embodiment 2 is ultimately subjected to carbon capture and storage to reduce carbon emissions. The carbon capture can be used for the production of urea and methanol.

[0035] Before entering the gas boiler 401, the gas is preheated in the preheater 403 to increase the gas temperature, reduce the heating required by the boiler, and reduce flue gas heat loss. Gas preheating can reduce gas viscosity, improve atomization effect, and increase the calorific value utilization rate of gas. At the same time, since the heat source comes from the exhaust gas, it can improve the system energy efficiency.

[0036] In this embodiment, the power source and usage of the power management center 8 are flexible, coming from concentrated photovoltaic power generation and regenerative organic Rankine cycle generator 305. Under the unified dispatch of the power management center 8, the power can supply power to the compressor 202 in the air source heat pump, and also to the pumps in the system, achieving self-sufficiency. In addition, it can supply power to the charging pile 9, meeting the power needs of users' electric vehicles and trolleybuses; any remaining power can be supplied to the power grid 10, all under the unified allocation of the power management center 8.

[0037] It is understandable that, in order to achieve normal operation of the system and switching of working modes, the heating system may be equipped with multiple pumps to provide power and multiple valves to switch pipelines as needed. Those skilled in the art can make such settings as required.

[0038] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this utility model and is not intended to limit the utility model. Various modifications and variations can be made to this utility model by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this utility model should be included within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A heating system featuring multi-source synergy and cascade energy utilization, characterized in that, include: Concentrated photovoltaic units generate electricity using solar photovoltaic power and provide heat to the hot water storage tank; An air source heat pump unit includes an evaporator, a compressor, a first condenser, and an expansion valve connected in sequence to form a circulation loop. The condenser is connected to a hot water storage tank and provides heat to the hot water storage tank. A regenerative organic Rankine cycle power generation unit includes a steam generator, a turbine, a regenerator, and a second condenser. The steam generator, turbine, regenerator, second condenser, and pump are connected in sequence to form a working fluid loop. The turbine drives a generator to generate electricity. The second condenser is connected to a heat storage tank to form a water loop. The gas-fired boiler unit has its exhaust gas outlet connected in sequence to a steam generator, an evaporator, and a preheater, and the gas inlet of the gas-fired boiler is connected to the preheater.

2. The heating system with multi-source synergy and cascade energy utilization as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The exhaust gas pipeline connecting the steam generator and the evaporator is also connected to the first heat exchanger, which is connected to the heat storage tank.

3. The heating system with multi-source synergy and cascade energy utilization as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The gas-fired boiler is connected to the heat storage tank via a second heat exchanger.

4. The heating system with multi-source synergy and cascade energy utilization as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The gas end of the gas boiler is connected to the gas boiler via a preheater.

5. The heating system with multi-source synergy and cascade energy utilization as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Both the heat storage tank and the hot water storage tank are connected to the user's heating terminal.

6. The heating system with multi-source synergy and cascade energy utilization as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The concentrated photovoltaic unit includes a concentrated photovoltaic panel and a collector. The concentrated photovoltaic panel converts solar energy into electrical energy, and the generated electrical energy is transmitted to the power management center through an inverter. The waste heat of the collector is transferred through water and provided to the hot water storage tank.

7. The heating system with multi-source synergy and cascade energy utilization as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The electricity generated by the generator is transmitted to the power management center, which provides power to the electrical components in the concentrating photovoltaic unit, the air source heat pump unit, the regenerative organic Rankine cycle power generation unit, and the gas boiler unit.

8. The heating system with multi-source synergy and cascade energy utilization as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The power management center is also connected to the power grid and charging piles respectively.

9. The heating system with multi-source synergy and cascade energy utilization as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The exhaust gas outlet of the preheater is connected to a carbon capture and storage device.

10. The heating system with multi-source synergy and cascade energy utilization as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The working fluid loop of the regenerative organic Rankine cycle power generation unit uses propane as the working fluid.

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