Complementary passive house of trombe wall based on energy storage and vertical double pipe heat exchange system

Abstract

The utility model discloses a Trombe wall and vertical pipe-in-pipe heat exchange system complementary passive house based on energy storage belongs to energy -conserving building technical field, including vertical buried pipe heat exchange system, trombe wall cavity, phase change energy storage wall, building body and curtain wall component, vertical buried pipe heat exchange system sets up at the bottom of building body outside, phase change energy storage wall divides into phase change energy storage inner wall and phase change energy storage outer wall, and phase change energy storage inner wall is arranged in building body inside, and the sunny side and the top surface of building body outside set up phase change energy storage outer wall, and curtain wall component is arranged to the outside of phase change energy storage outer wall, and trombe wall cavity is formed between the outside of phase change energy storage outer wall and curtain wall component. The utility model discloses a Trombe wall and vertical pipe-in-pipe heat exchange system complementary passive house based on energy storage above, through the collaborative design of vertical buried pipe heat exchange system, trombe wall cavity, phase change energy storage wall, building body and curtain wall component, realizes multiple system energy complementation and regulation and control, and the energy -conserving effect and indoor comfort of building in different seasons are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of energy-saving building technology, and in particular to a passive house based on energy storage Trombe wall and vertical sleeve heat exchange system. Background Technology

[0002] Against the backdrop of global climate change and the energy crisis, building energy conservation has become a crucial issue for achieving sustainable development. Passive buildings, as an important direction in building energy conservation, have significant energy-saving potential by optimizing building envelope design, fully utilizing natural energy sources, and minimizing reliance on active energy systems. However, passive building technology still faces many challenges in practical applications. Existing energy-efficient building technologies, such as passive house systems, often suffer from problems like mismatches between energy supply and demand in time and space, and low efficiency in multi-system coordination. Traditional soil-air heat exchange systems are affected by burial depth and soil temperature and humidity, resulting in insufficient heat exchange efficiency and condensation in winter, while cooling effectiveness diminishes in summer due to rising soil temperatures. Trombe wall structures typically rely on a single cavity for heat exchange, making it difficult to meet the heating needs of deep buildings in winter and ineffective in guiding natural ventilation in summer. Phase change energy storage materials, when applied solely to walls, often suffer from a mismatch between phase change temperature and indoor heat demand, leading to delayed heat storage and release, insufficient matching between phase change temperature and indoor thermal environment requirements, and weak thermal conductivity, making it difficult to achieve bidirectional thermal disturbance suppression. In addition, existing systems mostly operate independently and lack complementary designs of active and passive technologies, making it difficult to achieve high energy efficiency throughout the year in different climate zones. There is an urgent need to improve the overall energy efficiency of passive houses through system integration and material optimization. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a passive house that complements the Trombe wall and the vertical sleeve heat exchange system based on energy storage. Through the coordinated design of the vertical buried tube heat exchange system, the Trombe wall cavity, the phase change energy storage wall, the building body and the curtain wall components, the energy complementarity and efficient regulation of multiple systems are achieved. This solves the problems of energy supply and demand mismatch, low heat exchange efficiency and insufficient energy storage capacity in traditional passive house systems, and improves the energy-saving effect and indoor environmental comfort of the building in different seasons.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides a passive house based on a Trombe wall and a vertical sleeve-type heat exchange system, comprising a vertical buried-pipe heat exchange system, a Trombe wall cavity, a phase change energy storage wall, a building body, and a curtain wall assembly. The vertical buried-pipe heat exchange system is located at the bottom of the exterior of the building body. The Trombe wall cavity, the phase change energy storage wall, the building body, and the curtain wall assembly are divided into a sun-facing side, a shaded side, and a top side according to their orientation. The phase change energy storage wall is divided into an inner phase change energy storage wall and an outer phase change energy storage wall. The inner phase change energy storage wall is located inside the building body, and the outer phase change energy storage wall is located on the sun-facing side and the top side of the building body. The curtain wall assembly is located on the outer side of the outer phase change energy storage wall, and there is a gap between the outer side of the outer phase change energy storage wall and the curtain wall assembly. The Trombe wall cavity is formed between the outer phase change energy storage wall and the curtain wall assembly.

[0005] Preferably, the vertical buried pipe heat exchange system is divided into a horizontal section and a vertical section. The vertical section is buried underground, and the horizontal section is located on the ground. The vertical buried pipe heat exchange system includes an inner heat exchange pipe and an outer heat exchange pipe. The inner heat exchange pipe is located inside the outer heat exchange pipe and forms a sleeve structure. An inner pipe insulation layer is provided on the outside of the upper section of the horizontal and vertical sections of the inner heat exchange pipe. An air filter is provided at the pipe opening of the horizontal section of the inner heat exchange pipe and the horizontal section of the outer heat exchange pipe. A condensate pump is provided at the bottom of the vertical section of the outer heat exchange pipe. A fan is provided at the pipe opening of the horizontal section of the inner heat exchange pipe. The fan supplies air to the Trombe wall cavity through the air inlet at the bottom cavity of the sun-facing side of the Trombe wall cavity. The fan supplies air to the interior of the building body through the building near-system side air outlet located at the bottom of the sun-facing side of the building body. The cavity air inlet is located at the beginning of the Trombe wall cavity.

[0006] Preferably, a roof vent is provided at the top of the building body; and a remote side vent is provided at the bottom of the shaded side of the building body.

[0007] Preferably, the curtain wall assembly includes a double-layer vacuum glass curtain wall and a heat-absorbing and waterproof cloth disposed on the outside of the double-layer vacuum glass curtain wall.

[0008] Preferably, the heat-absorbing waterproof fabric is raised and lowered by a heat-absorbing waterproof fabric remote control device, which is located at the junction of the top surface of the heat-absorbing waterproof fabric and the shaded side of the building body.

[0009] Preferably, the top surface of the building body is provided with a cavity air outlet, which is located at the end of the Trombe wall cavity.

[0010] Preferably, the outer side of the phase change energy storage wall is coated with a heat-absorbing coating.

[0011] Preferably, the phase change energy storage inner wall consists of an interior finishing layer, a heat-conducting layer, an inner wall phase change material layer, and a back insulation layer, from the inside out. The inner wall phase change material layer is a paraffin-expanded graphite composite material with a phase change temperature of 20±1℃.

[0012] Preferably, the phase change energy storage outer wall includes, from the outside to the inside, an outer protective layer, a thermal insulation layer, an outer wall phase change material layer, a thermally conductive reinforcement component, and a back protective layer. The outer wall phase change material layer is made of paraffin-graphite composite material with a phase change temperature of 22±1℃ and is provided with aluminum fins to enhance thermal conductivity.

[0013] Therefore, this utility model adopts the above-mentioned passive house with a Trombe wall based on energy storage and a vertical sleeve heat exchange system. The vertical buried tube heat exchange system with sleeve structure utilizes the constant temperature characteristics of the underground, combined with the heat exchange inner tube insulation and condensate drainage design, to improve the heat exchange efficiency in winter and summer, effectively utilize geothermal energy, and reduce energy loss. The Trombe wall cavity is combined with the phase change energy storage outer wall, which enhances natural ventilation in summer through the wind-pulling effect and provides secondary heating air supply in winter, forming a seasonally adaptive thermal management. The phase change energy storage inner wall and outer wall are made of composite materials with phase change temperatures of 20±1℃ and 22±1℃ respectively, which reduce indoor and outdoor temperature disturbances in both directions and maintain the stability of the indoor environment. The combination of double-layer vacuum glass curtain wall and liftable heat-absorbing waterproof cloth enhances the thermal insulation performance and can cope with rainy season protection, improving the system's durability. The modular assembly structure and air closed-loop path design realize the seasonal use of the system and efficient heat exchange.

[0014] The technical solution of this utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of the passive house based on the energy storage Trombe wall and the vertical sleeve heat exchange system of this utility model.

[0016] Figure 2 This is an enlarged structural diagram of section I of the embodiment of the passive house based on the energy storage Trombe wall and the vertical sleeve heat exchange system of this utility model;

[0017] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the working principle of a passive house embodiment based on an energy storage Trombe wall and a vertical sleeve heat exchange system.

[0018] Figure Labels

[0019] 1. Building roof vent; 2. Thermal absorbent waterproof fabric remote control device; 3. Cavity air outlet; 4. Building body; 5. Phase change energy storage inner wall; 6. Double-layer vacuum glass curtain wall; 7. Thermal absorbent waterproof fabric; 8. Trombe wall cavity; 9. Phase change energy storage outer wall; 10. Cavity air inlet; 11. Building near-system side vent; 12. Fan; 13. Air filter; 14. Heat exchange outer pipe; 15. Inner pipe insulation layer; 16. Heat exchange inner pipe; 17. Condensate pump; 18. Thermal absorbent coating; 19. Building far-system side vent; A. Sunny side; B. Top surface; C. Shady side. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The technical solution of this utility model will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0021] Unless otherwise defined, the technical or scientific terms used in this utility model shall have the ordinary meaning understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this utility model pertains. The terms "first," "second," and similar terms used in this utility model do not indicate any order, quantity, or importance, but are merely used to distinguish different components. Terms such as "comprising" or "including" mean that the element or object preceding the word encompasses the elements or objects listed following the word and their equivalents, without excluding other elements or objects. Terms such as "connected" or "linked" are not limited to physical or mechanical connections, but can include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. Terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," and "right" are used only to indicate relative positional relationships; when the absolute position of the described object changes, the relative positional relationship may also change accordingly.

[0022] Example 1

[0023] This invention provides a passive house based on energy storage Trombe walls and a vertical shell-and-tube heat exchange system, the structure of which is as follows: Figure 1-2 As shown, the structure includes a vertical buried pipe heat exchange system, a Trombe wall cavity 8, a phase change energy storage wall, a building body 4, and a curtain wall assembly. The vertical buried pipe heat exchange system is located at the bottom of the exterior of the building body 4. The Trombe wall cavity 8, the phase change energy storage wall, the building body 4, and the curtain wall assembly can all be divided into a sun-facing side A, a shaded side C, and a top side B, depending on their orientation. The phase change energy storage wall is divided into an inner phase change energy storage wall 5 and an outer phase change energy storage wall 9. The inner phase change energy storage wall 5 is installed inside the building body 4, and the outer phase change energy storage wall 9 is installed on the sun-facing side A and the top side B of the building body 4.

[0024] The phase change energy storage interior wall 5, from the inside out, consists of an interior finish layer, a thermally conductive layer, an interior phase change material layer, and a back insulation layer. The interior phase change material layer uses a paraffin-expanded graphite composite material with a phase change temperature of 20±1℃. The phase change energy storage exterior wall 9, from the outside in, includes an outer protective layer, an insulation layer, an exterior phase change material layer, a thermally conductive reinforcement component, and a back protective layer. The exterior phase change material layer uses a paraffin-graphite composite material with a phase change temperature of 22±1℃ and is equipped with aluminum fins to enhance thermal conductivity. The phase change energy storage interior wall 5 absorbs and releases heat disturbances caused by indoor activities and household appliances, effectively maintaining a stable indoor air environment. The phase change energy storage interior wall 5 adopts a modular assembly structure, which not only reduces indoor temperature fluctuations but also allows for intermittent operation in conjunction with a vertical buried pipe heat exchange system, thereby improving the overall system operating efficiency. Phase change energy storage exterior wall 9 is used to cope with heat transfer disturbances caused by changes in outdoor temperature. It can reduce the heat transfer of the wall, reduce the building's heat load, and achieve a two-way reduction of the influence of indoor and outdoor temperatures.

[0025] A curtain wall assembly is installed on the outer side of the phase change energy storage exterior wall 9. A gap exists between the outer side of the phase change energy storage exterior wall 9 and the curtain wall assembly; this gap is the Trombe wall cavity 8. The outer side of the phase change energy storage exterior wall 9 is coated with a heat-absorbing coating 18. In summer, the Trombe wall cavity 8 generates a draft effect by heating the air, providing natural drive for the vertical buried pipe heat exchange system and enhancing ventilation and cooling. In winter, the Trombe wall cavity can reheat the air processed by the vertical buried pipe heat exchange system to meet indoor air supply requirements.

[0026] The vertical buried pipe heat exchange system is a shell-and-tube structure, divided into a horizontal section and a vertical section. The vertical section is buried underground, while the horizontal section is located above ground. The system includes an inner heat exchange tube 16 and an outer heat exchange tube 14. The inner heat exchange tube 16 is located inside the outer heat exchange tube 14. An inner tube insulation layer 15 is installed on the outside of the upper sections of both the horizontal and vertical sections of the inner heat exchange tube 16. Air filters 13 are installed at the inlets of the horizontal sections of both the inner and outer heat exchange tubes 16 and 14. In this embodiment, both the inner and outer heat exchange tubes 16 are made of stainless steel with a thickness of 2mm. The inner heat exchange tube 16 has a diameter of 250mm, and the outer heat exchange tube 14 has a diameter of 500mm. The inner heat exchange tube 16 is wrapped with an inner tube insulation layer 15 in the horizontal section and 3m below ground level to ensure that the treated air is not reheated or cooled. A condensate pump 17 is installed at the bottom of the vertical section of the heat exchanger tube 14 to discharge the condensate generated during operation, so as to avoid affecting the system's heat exchange efficiency and air quality.

[0027] A fan 12 is installed at the inlet of the horizontal section of the heat exchange inner tube 16. The fan 12 supplies air to the Trombe wall cavity 8 through the air inlet 10 at the bottom of the sun side A. The fan 12 also supplies air to the interior of the building body 4 through the building near-system side air outlet 11 located at the bottom of the sun side A. The air inlet 10 is located at the beginning of the Trombe wall cavity 8. The heat exchange outer tube 14 guides the air downwards, while the heat exchange inner tube 16 guides the air to flow back upwards. An annular air channel is formed between the heat exchange inner tube 16 and the heat exchange outer tube 14. After heat exchange underground, the air is transported to the roof by the heat exchange inner tube 16. A building roof air outlet 1 is installed at the top of the building body 4, and a building far-system side air outlet 19 is installed at the bottom of the shaded side C of the building body 4. The building near-system side air outlet 11 and the building far-system side air outlet 19 are symmetrically arranged. A cavity air outlet 3 is located at the top of the building body 4, at the end of the Trombe wall cavity 8. The fan 12, cavity air inlet 10, building near-system side air outlet 11, Trombe wall cavity 8, building roof air outlet 1, and cavity air outlet 3 form a closed-loop airflow path. The Trombe wall cavity 8 is used as an air extraction channel in summer and in winter to further increase the intake air temperature and provide an indoor heat source.

[0028] The curtain wall assembly includes a double-layer vacuum glass curtain wall 6 and a heat-absorbing and waterproof fabric 7 installed on the outside of the double-layer vacuum glass curtain wall 6. The heat-absorbing and waterproof fabric 7 automatically adjusts its height according to the rainy season to protect the double-layer vacuum glass curtain wall 6. Its height is controlled by a remote control device 2, which is located at the junction of the top surface B of the heat-absorbing and waterproof fabric 7 and the shaded side C of the building body 4. In this embodiment, the thickness of the double-layer vacuum glass curtain wall 6 is 400-500 mm.

[0029] The passive house based on energy storage Trombe walls and a vertical shell-and-tube heat exchange system described in this embodiment operates as follows throughout the year: Figure 3 As shown:

[0030] Summer: Cavity air inlet 10 is closed, cavity air outlet 3 is open; building near-system side air outlet 11 is open, building far-system side air outlet 19 is closed, and building roof air outlet 1 is open. The temperature of Trombe wall cavity 8 increases due to solar radiation, causing the air pressure on the building roof to decrease, forming an air driving force from the interior to the roof. The decrease in indoor air pressure further promotes airflow in the vertical section of the vertical buried pipe heat exchange system. Outdoor hot air decreases in temperature through heat exchange with the soil and is sent into the interior through building near-system side air outlet 11 to provide cooling. Subsequently, the air is discharged outdoors through building roof air outlet 1 and cavity air outlet 3.

[0031] Winter: Cavity air inlet 10 is open, cavity air outlet 3 is closed; building near-system side air outlet 11 is closed, building far-system side air outlet 19 is open, and building roof air outlet 1 is open. Fan 12 is turned on. Outdoor cold air is first preheated through the vertical section of the vertical buried pipe heat exchange system. The preheated air enters the Trombe wall cavity 8 through cavity air inlet 10 for reheating. The reheated air is then sent into the room through building roof air outlet 1 to meet indoor thermal comfort requirements. After heat exchange in the room, the air is exhausted outdoors through building far-system side air outlet 19.

[0032] Therefore, this utility model adopts the above-mentioned passive house with a Trombe wall based on energy storage and a vertical sleeve heat exchange system. The vertical buried tube heat exchange system with sleeve structure utilizes the constant temperature characteristics of the underground, combined with the heat exchange inner tube insulation and condensate drainage design, to improve the heat exchange efficiency in winter and summer, effectively utilize geothermal energy, and reduce energy loss. The Trombe wall cavity is combined with the phase change energy storage outer wall, which enhances natural ventilation in summer through the wind-pulling effect and provides secondary heating air supply in winter, forming a seasonally adaptive thermal management. The phase change energy storage inner wall and outer wall are made of composite materials with phase change temperatures of 20±1℃ and 22±1℃ respectively, which reduce indoor and outdoor temperature disturbances in both directions and maintain the stability of the indoor environment. The combination of double-layer vacuum glass curtain wall and liftable heat-absorbing waterproof cloth enhances the thermal insulation performance and can cope with rainy season protection, improving the system's durability. The modular assembly structure and air closed-loop path design realize the seasonal use of the system and efficient heat exchange.

[0033] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of this utility model and not to limit it. Although the utility model has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can still be made to the technical solution of this utility model, and these modifications or equivalent substitutions cannot cause the modified technical solution to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of this utility model.

Claims

1. A passive house based on a Trombe wall and a vertical shell-and-tube heat exchange system, characterized in that: The system includes a vertical buried pipe heat exchange system, a Trombe wall cavity, a phase change energy storage wall, a building body, and a curtain wall assembly. The vertical buried pipe heat exchange system is located at the bottom of the exterior of the building body. The Trombe wall cavity, the phase change energy storage wall, the building body, and the curtain wall assembly are divided into a sun-facing side, a shaded side, and a top side according to their orientation. The phase change energy storage wall is divided into an inner phase change energy storage wall and an outer phase change energy storage wall. The inner phase change energy storage wall is located inside the building body, and the outer phase change energy storage wall is located on the sun-facing side and the top side of the building body. The curtain wall assembly is located on the outer side of the outer phase change energy storage wall, and there is a gap between the outer side of the outer phase change energy storage wall and the curtain wall assembly. The Trombe wall cavity is formed between the outer phase change energy storage wall and the curtain wall assembly.

2. The passive house based on energy storage Trombe wall and vertical shell-and-tube heat exchange system as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The vertical buried pipe heat exchange system is divided into a horizontal section and a vertical section. The vertical section is buried underground, and the horizontal section is located on the ground. The vertical buried pipe heat exchange system includes an inner heat exchange pipe and an outer heat exchange pipe. The inner heat exchange pipe is located inside the outer heat exchange pipe and forms a sleeve structure. An inner pipe insulation layer is provided on the outside of the upper section of the horizontal and vertical sections of the inner heat exchange pipe. Air filters are installed at the pipe openings of the horizontal sections of the inner and outer heat exchange pipes. A condensate pump is installed at the bottom of the vertical section of the outer heat exchange pipe. A fan is installed at the pipe opening of the horizontal section of the inner heat exchange pipe. The fan supplies air to the Trombe wall cavity through the air inlet at the bottom cavity of the sun-facing side of the Trombe wall cavity. The fan also supplies air to the interior of the building body through the building near-system side air outlet located at the bottom of the sun-facing side of the building body. The cavity air inlet is located at the beginning of the Trombe wall cavity.

3. The passive house based on energy storage Trombe wall and vertical shell-and-tube heat exchange system as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The top of the building body is provided with a roof vent; the bottom of the shaded side of the building body is provided with a remote system vent.

4. The passive house based on energy storage Trombe wall and vertical shell-and-tube heat exchange system as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The curtain wall assembly includes a double-layer vacuum glass curtain wall and a heat-absorbing and waterproof cloth disposed on the outside of the double-layer vacuum glass curtain wall.

5. The passive house based on energy storage Trombe wall and vertical sleeve heat exchange system as described in claim 4, characterized in that: The heat-absorbing waterproof fabric is raised and lowered by a remote control device, which is located at the junction of the top surface of the heat-absorbing waterproof fabric and the shaded side of the building body.

6. The passive house based on energy storage Trombe wall and vertical shell-and-tube heat exchange system as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The top surface of the building body is provided with a cavity air outlet, which is located at the end of the Trombe wall cavity.

7. The passive house based on energy storage Trombe wall and vertical sleeve heat exchange system as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The outer side of the phase change energy storage wall is coated with a heat-absorbing coating.

8. The passive house based on energy storage Trombe wall and vertical shell-and-tube heat exchange system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The phase change energy storage inner wall consists of an interior finishing layer, a heat-conducting layer, an inner wall phase change material layer, and a back insulation layer, from the inside out. The inner wall phase change material layer is made of paraffin-expanded graphite composite material with a phase change temperature of 20±1℃.

9. The passive house based on energy storage Trombe wall and vertical shell-and-tube heat exchange system as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The phase change energy storage outer wall includes, from the outside to the inside, an outer protective layer, a thermal insulation layer, an outer wall phase change material layer, a thermally conductive reinforcement component, and a back protective layer. The outer wall phase change material layer is made of paraffin-graphite composite material with a phase change temperature of 22±1℃ and is provided with aluminum fins to enhance thermal conductivity.

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