A photovoltaic direct-drive coupled total heat recovery air source heat pump triple generation system

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of air source heat pump triple-combined supply systems of photovoltaic direct drive coupling total heat recovery, comprising: air source heat pump, indoor energy-using subsystem, photovoltaic array, municipal power grid;Air source heat pump includes compressor, first electric three-way valve, second electric three-way valve, third electric three-way valve, first T-shaped three-way pipe, second T-shaped three-way pipe, third T-shaped three-way pipe, check valve, refrigerant / air heat exchanger, first refrigerant / water heat exchanger, second refrigerant / water heat exchanger, four-way valve, main electronic expansion valve, enthalpy-increasing electronic expansion valve, filter, economizer, liquid storage tank;Indoor energy-using subsystem includes heating and refrigeration device and hot water device;Photovoltaic array is connected with main control / drive integrated board by MPPT controller, municipal power grid is connected with main control / drive integrated board by ac-dc inverter.Adopt the mode of photovoltaic direct drive, coupling total heat recovery, multimodal combination, energy saving, practical, pollution-free, heating stable, environmental pollution and energy consumption are less.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of air source heat pump technology, specifically relating to a photovoltaic direct-drive coupled total heat recovery air source heat pump tri-generation system. Background Technology

[0002] An air source heat pump system is a highly efficient and energy-saving air conditioning system that utilizes low-grade heat resources in the atmosphere to provide both heating and cooling. The air source heat pump system provides the chilled or hot water required for the operation of the air conditioning terminal units, which are used to regulate the temperature of the indoor air. The terminal units are fan coil units or variable air volume air conditioning units.

[0003] Currently, traditional air source heat pump systems generate a large amount of heat that is released into the atmosphere during summer cooling operation, resulting in waste. In transitional seasons, the system also cannot provide the hot water needed for domestic use.

[0004] With social progress and improved living standards, people's demands for the comfort of their living environment are increasing, and their requirements for the functions of central air conditioning are also getting higher and higher, from simple air conditioning for cooling and heating to the current requirement of integrated air conditioning and hot water. In particular, heating has become an indispensable part of most families in northern my country.

[0005] Solar energy, as one of the renewable energy sources that China strongly promotes, has many advantages, including its universality, safety, sustainability and huge potential. It is an inexhaustible energy source, and its significant economic benefits have led to its widespread application in production and daily life.

[0006] For example, Chinese invention patent application CN202211594714.0 discloses an air source heat pump tri-generation system, including a compressor and a water storage tank. The compressor output is connected to a first pipeline, a second pipeline, and a third pipeline. A first valve, a first condenser, a first expansion valve, and a first evaporator are connected in series on the first pipeline. A second valve and a hot water heat exchanger are connected in series on the second pipeline. The first end of a three-way pipe is connected to the third pipeline, one end of the main pipeline is connected to the second end of the three-way pipe, and the other end of the main pipeline is connected to the compressor input. A third valve, a second condenser, a second expansion valve, and a second evaporator are connected in series on the main pipeline. One end of a secondary pipeline is connected to the third end of the three-way pipe, and the other end of the secondary pipeline is connected to the main pipeline. A fourth valve is installed on the secondary pipeline, a fifth valve is installed on the main pipeline, and a sixth valve is installed on the branch pipeline. The functions of the second condenser and the second evaporator are interchangeable. This system can achieve simultaneous cooling and heating, meeting the needs of places such as steel mills.

[0007] For example, Chinese invention patent application CN202411659746.3 discloses a photovoltaic-coupled air source heat pump water heater system and its control method, including a heat pump system and an intelligent device. The intelligent device includes a hardware system and a software system. The hardware system includes photovoltaic modules and energy storage devices. A power inverter is provided between the energy storage devices and the photovoltaic modules. Under the action of the power inverter, the photovoltaic modules convert DC power into AC power to drive the operation of the rotor compressor. The system automatically determines to store excess electrical energy in the energy storage device. The system intelligently judges and automatically determines the heating of cold water based on various environmental parameters and system operating parameters, making full use of solar energy resources to meet the demand for hot water at any time and efficiently. It also quickly determines the best way to heat cold water to make full use of solar energy resources according to various weather conditions, meeting the user's self-sufficiency in hot water, saving electricity and avoiding energy waste.

[0008] None of the existing technologies mentioned above have solved the problem of providing air source heat pump tri-generation systems that simultaneously provide cooling, heating, and hot water supply, while also recovering all waste heat. Therefore, this application provides an air source heat pump tri-generation system with photovoltaic direct drive coupling and total heat recovery. Summary of the Invention

[0009] This invention addresses the shortcomings of existing technologies by providing a photovoltaic direct-drive coupled total heat recovery air source heat pump tri-generation system.

[0010] The photovoltaic direct-drive coupled total heat recovery air source heat pump tri-generation system includes: an air source heat pump, an indoor energy subsystem, a photovoltaic array, and the municipal power grid; wherein,

[0011] An air source heat pump includes a compressor, a first electric three-way valve, a second electric three-way valve, a third electric three-way valve, a first T-type three-way pipe, a second T-type three-way pipe, a third T-type three-way pipe, a check valve, a refrigerant / air heat exchanger, a first refrigerant / water heat exchanger, a second refrigerant / water heat exchanger, a four-way valve, a main electronic expansion valve, an enthalpy-increasing electronic expansion valve, a filter, an economizer, and a liquid receiver.

[0012] The compressor's exhaust port is connected to the inlet of a four-way valve via a pipeline. The middle outlet of the four-way valve is connected to the compressor's inlet via a gas-liquid separator. A gas-liquid separator is installed between the compressor's inlet and the four-way valve to separate the gas and liquid phase components in the mixed fluid.

[0013] The left port of the four-way valve is connected in sequence via pipeline to the A / B ports of the first electric three-way valve, the first T-type three-way pipe, the refrigerant / air heat exchanger, the liquid distributor, the third check valve, the liquid storage tank, the economizer, and the filter;

[0014] The filter outlet is divided into two paths. One path is connected to the enthalpy-increasing port of the compressor through the enthalpy-increasing electronic expansion valve, the economizer, and the compressor's enthalpy-increasing port. The other path is connected to the right port of the four-way valve through the main electronic expansion valve, the second check valve, the second T-type three-way pipe, the first refrigerant / water heat exchanger, and the A / B ports of the second electric three-way valve.

[0015] The C port of the first electric three-way valve and the C port of the second electric three-way valve are connected to the upper right port of the second refrigerant / water heat exchanger via a pipeline through the third T-shaped three-way pipe.

[0016] The lower right port of the second refrigerant / water heat exchanger is connected to the third T-type tee pipe via the A / B ports of the third electric three-way valve; the C port of the third electric three-way valve is connected to the first T-type tee pipe via a pipeline.

[0017] The indoor energy system includes heating and cooling devices and hot water devices; the heating and cooling devices include a first water pump, a second water pump, an energy storage tank, circulation pipes and indoor terminals; the energy storage tank is connected to the first water pump and the second water pump through pipes; the hot water devices include a hot water storage tank, a third water pump, circulation pipes and a mixing valve.

[0018] The photovoltaic array is connected to the main control / drive integrated board via the MPPT controller. The municipal power grid is connected to the main control / drive integrated board via AC / DC inverters. After integration, the main control / drive integrated board connects to the compressor, fan, first electric three-way valve, second electric three-way valve, third electric three-way valve, four-way valve, main electronic expansion valve, enthalpy-increasing electronic expansion valve, and first water pump, second water pump, and third water pump.

[0019] Furthermore, the compressor is a DC inverter compressor, and the compressor type is one of rotary, scroll, or piston type.

[0020] Furthermore, both the first refrigerant / water heat exchanger and the second refrigerant / water heat exchanger are flat plate heat exchangers;

[0021] The first refrigerant / water heat exchanger and the second refrigerant / water heat exchanger are one of the following: spiral plate type, plate fin type, submerged spiral tube type, shell and tube type, or shell and tube type.

[0022] The first refrigerant / water heat exchanger is used for indoor heating and cooling, and the second refrigerant / water heat exchanger is used for domestic hot water preparation.

[0023] Furthermore, the main electronic expansion valve and the enthalpy-increasing electronic expansion valve are replaced with one of the following: a thermostatic expansion valve or a capillary tube.

[0024] Furthermore, the heat exchanger of the hot water storage tank is one or more of the following: an inner tank outer disc microchannel heat exchanger, an external copper coil heat exchanger, an internal copper coil heat exchanger, or an internal stainless steel coil heat exchanger.

[0025] Furthermore, during cooling operation, the air source heat pump tri-generation system achieves a cooling and hot water mode by switching between the first electric three-way valve, the second electric three-way valve, and the third electric three-way valve. The high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant first enters the second refrigerant / water heat exchanger to exchange heat with water to produce hot water. The cooled refrigerant then enters the refrigerant / air heat exchanger for secondary heat release, achieving total heat recovery.

[0026] Furthermore, during heating operation, the air source heat pump tri-generation system can switch between heating and hot water modes by switching between the first, second, and third electric three-way valves. High-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant enters the first refrigerant / water heat exchanger for indoor heating or enters the second refrigerant / water heat exchanger for domestic hot water production, switching between the two modes.

[0027] Furthermore, in transitional seasons or non-cooling / heating seasons, the air source heat pump tri-generation system can operate in hot water production mode alone. After being compressed by the compressor, the refrigerant directly enters the second refrigerant / water heat exchanger to exchange heat with the water to produce domestic hot water.

[0028] Furthermore, the photovoltaic array prioritizes providing DC power to the air source heat pump tri-generation system. When the photovoltaic array's power generation is insufficient, the municipal power grid supplements the power supply through AC / DC inverters.

[0029] Furthermore, the energy storage tank is equipped with a pressure gauge, an expansion tank, and an air vent; the indoor terminal is one or more of the following: fan coil unit, radiator, or underfloor heating pipe.

[0030] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows:

[0031] 1. The photovoltaic direct-drive coupled total heat recovery air source heat pump tri-generation system of this utility model, during cooling operation, the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant preferentially enters the second refrigerant / water heat exchanger. The second refrigerant / water heat exchanger is used by the heat exchanger of the hot water system to exchange heat with the water to produce hot water. The cooled refrigerant then enters the refrigerant / air heat exchanger, which is used by the heat exchanger of the heating and cooling system to release heat for a second time. This realizes the simultaneous output of "cooling + hot water" dual functions, converting the originally waste heat into useful heat energy, greatly improving the overall energy efficiency of the system and reducing energy consumption.

[0032] 2. The photovoltaic direct-drive coupled total heat recovery air source heat pump tri-generation system described in this utility model achieves multi-mode operation through intelligent switching of a three-way valve group; in the cooling and hot water mode, the refrigerant first produces hot water and then cools, meeting the dual needs of summer cooling and domestic hot water; in the heating and hot water mode, the refrigerant can be prioritized for indoor heating or hot water production, adapting to the dynamic changes in winter heating and hot water demand; in the hot water-only mode, the refrigerant directly enters the hot water system heat exchanger to continuously provide domestic hot water, solving the problem of the lack of function in traditional systems during transitional seasons. This multi-mode switching capability ensures that the system is never idle throughout the year, significantly expanding its application scenarios;

[0033] 3. The photovoltaic direct-drive coupled total heat recovery air source heat pump tri-generation system described in this utility model achieves high-efficiency energy use through a complementary design of photovoltaic direct drive and power grid; the photovoltaic array prioritizes providing DC power to the system, directly driving core components such as DC inverter compressors, water pumps, and fans, reducing energy loss in the "AC-DC" conversion stage; when the photovoltaic power generation is insufficient, the municipal power grid supplements the power supply through AC-DC inverters to ensure continuous system operation; hot water can be prioritized for heating before sunrise or during off-peak electricity hours at night, further reducing operating costs;

[0034] 4. The photovoltaic direct-drive coupled total heat recovery air source heat pump tri-generation system described in this utility model uses a DC inverter compressor with rotor, scroll, or piston DC inverter technology to dynamically adjust the speed according to the load, reducing energy consumption and adapting to wide temperature range operation; the first and second refrigerant / water heat exchangers are both flat plate type, increasing the heat exchange area and improving the heat exchange efficiency between refrigerant and water; multiple types of hot water storage tank heat exchangers are available, including inner tank and outer plate microchannel, external / internal copper / stainless steel coils, etc., to adapt to different water qualities and installation space requirements; the installation of pressure gauges, expansion tanks, and exhaust valves ensures the safe operation of the water tank and avoids overpressure or air resistance problems; fan coil units, radiators, and underfloor heating pipes are optional to meet the temperature adjustment preferences of different users;

[0035] 5. The photovoltaic direct-drive coupled total heat recovery air source heat pump tri-generation system of this utility model optimizes the output of the photovoltaic array by the MPPT controller to maximize the utilization of solar energy; it automatically adjusts the electric three-way valve, electronic expansion valve and circulating water pump according to parameters such as water temperature and load to ensure efficient system operation; the mode switching logic is automatically completed by the main control board, reducing the complexity of manual operation and improving the user experience. Attached Figure Description

[0036] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the photovoltaic direct-drive coupled total heat recovery air source heat pump tri-generation system.

[0037] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of an air source heat pump with photovoltaic direct drive coupled total heat recovery.

[0038] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Enlarged view of the one-way valve structure;

[0039] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0040] 1. Air source heat pump; 2. Photovoltaic array; 3. Municipal power grid; 4. Compressor; 5. First electric three-way valve; 6. Second electric three-way valve; 7. Third electric three-way valve; 8. First T-type three-way pipe; 9. Second T-type three-way pipe; 10. Third T-type three-way pipe; 11. Check valve; 12. Refrigerant / air heat exchanger; 13. First refrigerant / water heat exchanger; 14. Second refrigerant / water heat exchanger; 15. Four-way valve; 16. Main electronic expansion valve; 17. Enthalpy-increasing electronic expansion valve; 8. Filter; 19. Economizer; 20. Storage tank; 21. Divider head; 111. First check valve; 112. Second check valve; 113. Third check valve; 114. Fourth check valve; 22. First water pump; 23. Second water pump; 24. Energy storage tank; 25. Hot water storage tank; 26. Third water pump; 27. Mixing valve; 28. MPPT controller; 29. ​​Main control / drive integrated board; 31. Fan; 32. Pressure gauge; 33. Expansion tank; 34. Air vent valve. Detailed Implementation

[0041] Exemplary embodiments of the present invention will now be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. While exemplary embodiments of the present invention are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present invention can be implemented in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this invention will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the invention to those skilled in the art.

[0042] like Figure 1 As shown, an embodiment of this utility model proposes a photovoltaic direct-drive coupled total heat recovery air source heat pump tri-generation system, including: a photovoltaic direct-drive coupled total heat recovery air source heat pump 1, an indoor energy consumption subsystem, a photovoltaic array 2, and a municipal power grid 3; wherein,

[0043] The photovoltaic direct-drive coupled total heat recovery air source heat pump 1 includes a compressor 4, a first electric three-way valve 5, a second electric three-way valve 6, a third electric three-way valve 7, a first T-type three-way pipe 8, a second T-type three-way pipe 9, a third T-type three-way pipe 10, a one-way valve 11, a refrigerant / air heat exchanger 12, a first refrigerant / water heat exchanger 13, a second refrigerant / water heat exchanger 14, a four-way valve 15, a main electronic expansion valve 16, an enthalpy-increasing electronic expansion valve 17, a filter 18, an economizer 19, and a liquid storage tank 20, wherein the one-way valve 11 includes a first one-way valve 111, a second one-way valve 112, a third one-way valve 113, and a fourth one-way valve 114;

[0044] The exhaust port of compressor 4 is connected to the inlet of four-way valve 15 through a pipeline. The middle outlet of four-way valve 15 is connected to the air inlet of compressor 4 through a gas-liquid separator. A gas-liquid separator is provided between the air inlet of compressor 4 and four-way valve 15 to separate the gas phase and liquid phase components in the mixed fluid.

[0045] The left port of the four-way valve 15 is connected in sequence through pipelines to the A / B ports of the first electric three-way valve 5, the first T-type three-way pipe 8, the refrigerant / air heat exchanger 12, the liquid distributor 21, the third one-way valve 113, the liquid storage tank 20, the economizer 19, and the filter 18.

[0046] The outlet of filter 18 is divided into two paths. One path is connected to the enthalpy-increasing port of compressor 4 through enthalpy-increasing electronic expansion valve 17, economizer 19, and the other path is connected to the right port of four-way valve 15 through main electronic expansion valve 16, second check valve 112, second T-type three-way pipe 9, first refrigerant / water heat exchanger 13, and the A / B port of second electric three-way valve 6.

[0047] Port C of the first electric three-way valve 5 and port C of the second electric three-way valve 6 are connected to the upper right port of the second refrigerant / water heat exchanger 14 via a pipeline through the third T-shaped three-way pipe 10.

[0048] The lower right port of the second refrigerant / water heat exchanger 14 is connected to the third T-type tee pipe 10 via the A / B ports of the third electric three-way valve 7; the C port of the third electric three-way valve 10 is connected to the first T-type tee pipe 8 via a pipeline.

[0049] The indoor energy system includes heating and cooling devices and hot water devices; the heating and cooling devices include a first water pump 22, a second water pump 23, an energy storage tank 24, circulation pipes and indoor terminals; the energy storage tank 24 is connected to the first water pump 22 and the second water pump 23 through pipes; the hot water devices include a hot water storage tank 25, a third water pump 26, circulation pipes and a mixing valve 27.

[0050] The photovoltaic array 2 is connected to the main control / drive integrated board 29 via the MPPT controller 28. The municipal power grid 3 is connected to the main control / drive integrated board 29 via the AC / DC inverter 30. After integration, the main control / drive integrated board 29 connects to the compressor 4, fan 31, first electric three-way valve 5, second electric three-way valve 6, third electric three-way valve 7, four-way valve 15, main electronic expansion valve 16, enthalpy-increasing electronic expansion valve 17, and first water pump 22, second water pump 23, and third water pump 26.

[0051] Furthermore, compressor 4 is a DC inverter compressor, and compressor 4 is of one of the following types: rotary, scroll, or piston.

[0052] Furthermore, both the first refrigerant / water heat exchanger 13 and the second refrigerant / water heat exchanger 14 are flat plate heat exchangers.

[0053] The first refrigerant / water heat exchanger 13 and the second refrigerant / water heat exchanger 14 are one of the following: spiral plate type, plate rib type, submerged spiral tube type, shell and tube type, or shell and tube type.

[0054] The first refrigerant / water heat exchanger 13 is used for indoor heating and cooling, and the second refrigerant / water heat exchanger 14 is used for domestic hot water preparation.

[0055] Furthermore, the main electronic expansion valve 16 and the enthalpy-increasing electronic expansion valve 17 are replaced with either a thermostatic expansion valve or a capillary tube.

[0056] Furthermore, the heat exchanger of the hot water storage tank 25 is one or more of the following: an inner tank outer disc microchannel heat exchanger, an external copper coil heat exchanger, an internal copper coil heat exchanger, or an internal stainless steel coil heat exchanger.

[0057] Furthermore, during cooling operation, the air source heat pump tri-generation system achieves a cooling and hot water mode by switching between the first electric three-way valve 5, the second electric three-way valve 6, and the third electric three-way valve 7. The high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant first enters the second refrigerant / water heat exchanger 14 to exchange heat with water to produce hot water. The cooled refrigerant then enters the refrigerant / air heat exchanger 12 for secondary heat release, achieving total heat recovery.

[0058] Furthermore, during heating operation, the air source heat pump tri-generation system can switch between heating and hot water modes by switching between the first electric three-way valve 5, the second electric three-way valve 6, and the third electric three-way valve 7. The high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant enters the first refrigerant / water heat exchanger 13 for indoor heating or enters the second refrigerant / water heat exchanger 14 for preparing domestic hot water, switching between the two modes.

[0059] Furthermore, during transitional seasons or non-cooling / heating seasons, the air source heat pump tri-generation system can operate in a separate hot water production mode. After being compressed by compressor 4, the refrigerant directly enters the second refrigerant / water heat exchanger 14 to exchange heat with water to produce domestic hot water.

[0060] Furthermore, the photovoltaic array 2 prioritizes providing DC power to the air source heat pump tri-generation system. When the photovoltaic array 2's power generation is insufficient, the municipal power grid 3 supplements the power supply through AC / DC inverters.

[0061] Specifically, the DC power generated by photovoltaic array 2 is processed by DC MPPT control converter 28 and then used to power compressor 4, fan 31, etc. When the power generated by photovoltaic array 2 is insufficient, the AC power from municipal power grid 3 is supplemented by AC-DC inverter 30, and the power generated by photovoltaic modules is used first.

[0062] Furthermore, the energy storage tank 24 is equipped with a pressure gauge 32, an expansion tank 33, and an air vent 34; the indoor terminal is one or more of a fan coil unit, a radiator, or a floor heating pipe.

[0063] Pressure gauge 32 monitors the pressure value of the medium inside energy storage tank 24 in real time, providing pressure data feedback for system operation; expansion tank 33 compensates for the volume expansion or contraction of the medium inside energy storage tank 24 caused by temperature changes, maintaining stable system pressure; exhaust valve 34 automatically discharges dissolved air or non-condensable gases from energy storage tank 24 and pipeline system to prevent air lock formation. The diversity of terminal equipment meets the personalized needs of different scenarios, such as room temperature control, space constraints, and comfort requirements.

[0064] Specifically, such as Figures 1 to 3 The following is stated:

[0065] During the cooling season: The system adopts a cooling and hot water mode. When producing hot water, the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant supplied by compressor 4 enters the second refrigerant / water heat exchanger 14 through the left port of four-way valve 15, the A / C port of the first electric three-way valve 5, and the second T-type three-way pipe 9 to exchange heat with water. After cooling, the refrigerant enters the refrigerant / air heat exchanger 12 through the A / C port of the third electric three-way valve 7 and the first T-type three-way pipe 8 for secondary heat release, effectively recovering waste heat and improving the cooling effect.

[0066] Cooling process: The indoor fan coil unit absorbs indoor heat and cools the room. The first water pump 22 circulates water into the energy storage tank 24. The second water pump 23 circulates water to exchange heat with the refrigerant in the first refrigerant / water heat exchanger 13. The refrigerant, after absorbing heat, enters through the right port of the four-way valve 15 via the B / A ports of the second electric three-way valve 6 and exits through the middle port of the four-way valve 15. It then enters the compressor 4 via the air inlet of the compressor 4. The compressor 4 pressurizes and heats the refrigerant. The refrigerant then enters the second refrigerant / water heat exchanger 14 via the A and C ports of the first electric three-way valve 5 and the second T-type three-way pipe 9 to exchange heat with the water. The cooled refrigerant then enters the second refrigerant / water heat exchanger 14 via the A and C ports of the third electric three-way valve 7 and the first T-type three-way pipe 8. The refrigerant enters the refrigerant / air heat exchanger 12 for secondary heat release; after the temperature of the hot water storage tank 25 reaches the operating temperature, the C port of the first electric three-way valve 5 is closed, and the refrigerant directly enters the refrigerant / air heat exchanger 12 through the A / B port and the first T-type three-way pipe 8 to release heat. It flows through the liquid distributor 21, the third one-way valve 113, the liquid storage tank 20, the economizer 19, the filter 18, and the main electronic expansion valve 16 to reduce pressure and temperature. After passing through the second one-way valve 112, it returns to the first refrigerant / water heat exchanger 13 to exchange heat with the circulating water, cool the water, and provide indoor cooling.

[0067] Heating season:

[0068] The system employs a heating and hot water production mode. During hot water production, the high-temperature, high-pressure refrigerant supplied by compressor 4 enters the second refrigerant / water heat exchanger 14 via the right port of four-way valve 15, the A / C port of the second electric three-way valve 6, and the second T-type three-way pipe 9 to exchange heat with water. At this time, the C port of the first electric three-way valve 13 and the B port of the second electric three-way valve 6 are closed. Under the action of the third water pump 26, the water in the hot water storage tank 25 is heated. The cooled refrigerant flows from the outlet of the second refrigerant / water heat exchanger 14 through the A / B ports of the third electric three-way valve 7, the third T-type three-way pipe 10, the first one-way valve 111, the liquid storage tank 20, the economizer 19, and the filter 18. Most of the refrigerant passes through the main electronic expansion valve 16, where it is throttled, depressurized, and cooled. The low-temperature, low-pressure liquid refrigerant then... The fourth one-way valve 114 and the distributor 21 return to the evaporator refrigerant / air heat exchanger 12; a small portion of the refrigerant passes through the enthalpy-increasing electronic expansion valve 17 and enters the economizer 19, absorbing some heat, and then enters the compressor 4 to replenish gas, improving the compressor 4's heating capacity in low-temperature environments; during heating, the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant supplied by the compressor 4 directly enters the first refrigerant / water heat exchanger 13 through the A and B ports of the second electric three-way valve 6 to exchange heat with water, and under the action of the second water pump 23, heats the water in the energy storage tank 24, which is then circulated through the first water pump 22 and heats the room through the indoor terminal; the heating and hot water functions can be switched easily, and hot water can be prioritized for heating before sunrise or during off-peak electricity hours at night, saving energy costs.

[0069] During non-cooling and non-heating seasons: hot water production mode is used, and the hot water production process is the same as that during the heating season.

[0070] This utility model adopts a photovoltaic direct drive, coupled total heat recovery, and multi-modal combination approach, which can not only meet the requirements of energy saving, practicality, and pollution-free operation, but also ensure the stability of heating supply and meet the requirements of long-term heating, cooling, and hot water circulation, thereby reducing the environmental pollution and energy consumption caused by traditional heating.

[0071] This invention features high energy efficiency. The electrical components of the system can be directly driven by photovoltaics, reducing energy loss in intermediate links and improving the overall energy efficiency of the system. When the air conditioning unit is running in cooling mode, it can recover all the heat of the system, thereby improving the overall energy efficiency of the system.

[0072] This utility model features high system integration, small footprint, and low cost. It can freely switch between cooling, heating, and hot water modes, and can switch to hot water mode according to the temperature changes of the water in the insulation tank, thus providing a continuous supply of hot water.

[0073] This utility model heat pump can be connected to both photovoltaic DC power and AC mains power. It mainly uses the DC power generated by the photovoltaic to directly drive the DC inverter compressor, DC water pump, DC fan and other components in the heat pump without secondary conversion, thus achieving higher utilization.

[0074] The preferred embodiments of this utility model are not intended to limit the utility model. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the concept and principles of this utility model should be included within the protection scope of the claims of this utility model.

Claims

1. A photovoltaic direct-drive coupled total heat recovery air source heat pump tri-generation system, characterized in that, include: Air source heat pumps, indoor energy systems, photovoltaic arrays, and municipal power grids; among them, An air source heat pump includes a compressor, a first electric three-way valve, a second electric three-way valve, a third electric three-way valve, a first T-type three-way pipe, a second T-type three-way pipe, a third T-type three-way pipe, a check valve, a refrigerant / air heat exchanger, a first refrigerant / water heat exchanger, a second refrigerant / water heat exchanger, a four-way valve, a main electronic expansion valve, an enthalpy-increasing electronic expansion valve, a filter, an economizer, and a liquid receiver. The compressor's exhaust port is connected to the inlet of a four-way valve via a pipeline. The middle outlet of the four-way valve is connected to the compressor's inlet via a gas-liquid separator. A gas-liquid separator is installed between the compressor's inlet and the four-way valve to separate the gas and liquid phase components in the mixed fluid. The left port of the four-way valve is connected in sequence via pipeline to the A / B ports of the first electric three-way valve, the first T-type three-way pipe, the refrigerant / air heat exchanger, the liquid distributor, the third check valve, the liquid storage tank, the economizer, and the filter; The filter outlet is divided into two paths. One path is connected to the enthalpy-increasing port of the compressor through the enthalpy-increasing electronic expansion valve, the economizer, and the compressor's enthalpy-increasing port. The other path is connected to the right port of the four-way valve through the main electronic expansion valve, the second check valve, the second T-type three-way pipe, the first refrigerant / water heat exchanger, and the A / B ports of the second electric three-way valve. The C port of the first electric three-way valve and the C port of the second electric three-way valve are connected to the upper right port of the second refrigerant / water heat exchanger via a pipeline through the third T-shaped three-way pipe. The lower right port of the second refrigerant / water heat exchanger is connected to the third T-type tee pipe via the A / B ports of the third electric three-way valve; the C port of the third electric three-way valve is connected to the first T-type tee pipe via a pipeline. The indoor energy system includes heating and cooling devices and hot water devices; the heating and cooling devices include a first water pump, a second water pump, an energy storage tank, circulation pipelines and indoor terminals; the energy storage tank is connected to the first water pump and the second water pump through pipelines, and the hot water devices include a hot water storage tank, a third water pump, circulation pipelines and a mixing valve. The photovoltaic array is connected to the main control / drive integrated board via the MPPT controller. The municipal power grid is connected to the main control / drive integrated board via AC / DC inverters. After integration, the main control / drive integrated board connects to the compressor, fan, first electric three-way valve, second electric three-way valve, third electric three-way valve, four-way valve, main electronic expansion valve, enthalpy-increasing electronic expansion valve, and first water pump, second water pump, and third water pump.

2. The photovoltaic direct-drive coupled total heat recovery air source heat pump tri-generation system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The compressor is a DC inverter compressor, and the compressor type is one of rotary, scroll, or piston type.

3. The photovoltaic direct-drive coupled total heat recovery air source heat pump tri-generation system according to claim 1, characterized in that, Both the first refrigerant / water heat exchanger and the second refrigerant / water heat exchanger are flat plate heat exchangers. The first refrigerant / water heat exchanger and the second refrigerant / water heat exchanger are one of the following: spiral plate type, plate fin type, submerged spiral tube type, shell and tube type, or shell and tube type. The first refrigerant / water heat exchanger is used for indoor heating and cooling, and the second refrigerant / water heat exchanger is used for domestic hot water preparation.

4. The photovoltaic direct-drive coupled total heat recovery air source heat pump tri-generation system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The main electronic expansion valve and the enthalpy-increasing electronic expansion valve are replaced with one of the following: a thermostatic expansion valve or a capillary tube.

5. The photovoltaic direct-drive coupled total heat recovery air source heat pump tri-generation system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The heat exchanger of the hot water storage tank is one or more of the following: inner tank outer disc microchannel heat exchanger, external copper coil heat exchanger, internal copper coil heat exchanger, or internal stainless steel coil heat exchanger.

6. The photovoltaic direct-drive coupled total heat recovery air source heat pump tri-generation system according to claim 1, characterized in that, When the air source heat pump tri-generation system is in cooling operation, it achieves a cooling and hot water mode by switching between the first electric three-way valve, the second electric three-way valve, and the third electric three-way valve. The high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant first enters the second refrigerant / water heat exchanger to exchange heat with water to produce hot water. The cooled refrigerant then enters the refrigerant / air heat exchanger for secondary heat release, realizing total heat recovery.

7. The photovoltaic direct-drive coupled total heat recovery air source heat pump tri-generation system according to claim 1, characterized in that, When the air source heat pump tri-generation system is in heating operation, it can switch between heating and hot water modes by switching between the first electric three-way valve, the second electric three-way valve, and the third electric three-way valve. The high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant enters the first refrigerant / water heat exchanger for indoor heating or enters the second refrigerant / water heat exchanger for the preparation of domestic hot water, and the two modes can be switched at the same time.

8. The photovoltaic direct-drive coupled total heat recovery air source heat pump tri-generation system according to claim 1, characterized in that, In transitional seasons or non-cooling / heating seasons, the air source heat pump tri-generation system operates in hot water production mode only. After being compressed by the compressor, the refrigerant directly enters the second refrigerant / water heat exchanger to exchange heat with the water to produce domestic hot water.

9. The photovoltaic direct-drive coupled total heat recovery air source heat pump tri-generation system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The photovoltaic array prioritizes providing DC power to the air source heat pump tri-generation system. When the photovoltaic array's power generation is insufficient, the municipal power grid supplements the power supply through AC / DC inverters.

10. The photovoltaic direct-drive coupled total heat recovery air source heat pump tri-generation system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The energy storage tank is equipped with a pressure gauge, an expansion tank, and an air vent; the indoor terminal is one or more of the following: fan coil unit, radiator, or underfloor heating pipe.

Images