Ice ball mold for preparing hail for impact testing of photovoltaic modules

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of ice ball moulds for preparing hail for photovoltaic module impact test, including lower mould and upper mould, upper mould is set in the top of lower mould, and lower mould is connected between upper mould by several mould connectors, the central position of lower mould bottom is connected with lower mould demoulding module by demoulding connector, the central position of upper mould top is connected with upper mould demoulding module by demoulding connector, lower mould, lower mould demoulding module, upper mould and the inside of upper mould demoulding module are equipped with spherical cavity.The utility model sets lower mould demoulding module in the central position of lower mould bottom, sets upper mould demoulding module in the central position of upper mould top, after freezing, by pushing upper mould demoulding module, the quick demoulding of ice ball and upper mould can be realized, by pushing lower mould demoulding module, the quick demoulding of ice ball and lower mould can be realized, reduce the breakage rate of ice ball demoulding, improve the preparation efficiency of ice ball.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of ice hockey mold technology, specifically relating to an ice hockey mold for preparing hailstones for photovoltaic module impact testing. Background Technology

[0002] In the process of large-scale application of photovoltaic power generation, extreme weather conditions pose a severe challenge to the reliability of modules. Among them, hail impact has been proven to be the leading factor causing mechanical failure of modules. According to research data from the International Photovoltaic Reliability Committee (2023), when hail with a diameter ≥30mm impacts the surface of photovoltaic modules at a terminal velocity of 15-30m / s, the instantaneous impact pressure peak of its kinetic energy conversion can reach 2000-5000MPa, causing the breakage rate of mainstream 3.2mm tempered glass panels to exceed 60% (IEC62782:2016), resulting in an average annual direct economic loss of up to US$1.2 billion to the industry.

[0003] The steel ball simulation test system used in the current IEC 61215 standard has a fundamental flaw: on the one hand, the elastic modulus of steel ball material (200 GPa) differs from that of natural ice (1-5 GPa) by two orders of magnitude, resulting in a deviation of more than 65% in impact energy absorption rate (ASTM E1038 comparative test data).

[0004] On the other hand, traditional ice-making processes are limited by mold cavity size deviations (±2.5mm) and design flaws in the stress concentration of the ejection mechanism, resulting in an ice ball breakage rate >40%, density uniformity fluctuations of ±18%, and a final product qualification rate of less than 50%. More seriously, this process has a single ice-making cycle of up to 20 minutes and a production efficiency of less than 3 ice balls per hour, which cannot meet the mass production needs of component manufacturers for testing ice balls and directly restricts the engineering implementation of hail impact resistance performance evaluation systems. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide an ice ball mold for preparing hailstones for photovoltaic module impact testing, thereby solving the problems mentioned in the background art. The ice ball mold provided by this invention facilitates rapid demolding of the ice ball, reduces the demolding breakage rate, and improves the efficiency of ice ball preparation.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: an ice hockey mold for preparing hailstones for photovoltaic module impact testing, comprising a lower mold and an upper mold, the upper mold being disposed above the lower mold, and the lower mold and the upper mold being connected by a plurality of mold connecting parts, a lower mold release module being connected to the center of the bottom of the lower mold by a release connecting part, and an upper mold release module being connected to the center of the top of the upper mold by a release connecting part, wherein the lower mold, the lower mold release module, the upper mold and the upper mold release module are provided with spherical cavities inside.

[0007] To achieve a sealed connection between the lower mold and the upper mold, the bottom of the upper mold is provided with a groove on the outside of the spherical cavity, and the top of the lower mold is provided with a convex ring corresponding to the groove.

[0008] To achieve rapid positioning of the lower and upper molds, several positioning pins are provided around the top of the lower mold, and positioning holes corresponding to the positioning pins are provided at the bottom of the upper mold.

[0009] To facilitate the assembly of the upper and lower mold release modules, the inner bottom of the lower mold and the inner top of the upper mold are further provided with embedding grooves.

[0010] To facilitate water injection into the spherical cavity, a through-hole is provided at the center of the upper mold release module, and a water stop plug is embedded in the water injection hole. The structure of the lower mold release module is the same as that of the upper mold release module.

[0011] To simplify the locking and unlocking of the upper and lower molds, the mold connector further includes a connecting rod. A limit cap is attached to one end of the connecting rod, and several limit blocks are provided on the circumference of the other end of the connecting rod. Several through holes are provided around the end faces of both the lower and upper molds. The inner walls of these through holes have through grooves corresponding to the limit blocks, and the inner walls of the through holes corresponding to the bottom of the lower mold and the top of the upper mold also have stepped grooves corresponding to the limit blocks. A spring is fitted onto the connecting rod below the limit cap.

[0012] To make the disassembly and assembly of the upper mold release module simpler and more convenient, the release connector further includes two semi-circular retaining rings. The upper mold release module is provided with annular grooves corresponding to the retaining rings. The retaining rings are connected to the lower mold or the upper mold by several pins.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0014] 1. This utility model has a lower mold release module at the center of the bottom of the lower mold and an upper mold release module at the center of the top of the upper mold. After freezing, the ice ball can be quickly demolded from the upper mold by pushing the upper mold release module and from the lower mold by pushing the lower mold release module. This reduces the breakage rate of the ice ball during demolding and improves the production efficiency of the ice ball.

[0015] 2. This utility model allows for locking or unlocking of the upper and lower molds by pressing and rotating the connecting rod, making the locking or unlocking of the upper and lower molds simpler and more convenient.

[0016] 3. This utility model achieves the limiting connection between the upper mold release module and the upper mold, and the limiting connection between the lower mold release module and the lower mold by using a retaining ring and a ring groove. The retaining ring is limited by a pin between the lower mold or the upper mold, making the disassembly and assembly of the upper mold release module and the lower mold release module simpler and more convenient. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 and 2 All of these are schematic diagrams of the structure of this utility model.

[0018] Figure 3 and 4 All of these are schematic diagrams of the upper mold of this utility model.

[0019] Figure 5 This utility model Figure 3 A magnified structural diagram of point A in the middle.

[0020] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the upper mold release module of this utility model.

[0021] Figure 7 This is a cross-sectional view of the upper mold release module of this utility model.

[0022] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the lower mold of this utility model.

[0023] Figure 9 This is a structural schematic diagram of the mold connector of this utility model.

[0024] Figure 10 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the present invention.

[0025] In the diagram: 1. Lower mold; 101. Locating pin; 102. Convex ring; 103. Embedded groove; 2. Upper mold; 21. Locating hole; 22. Groove; 3. Mold connector; 31. Connecting rod; 32. Spring; 33. Limiting cap; 34. Limiting block; 4. Upper mold release module; 41. Water stop plug; 42. Ring groove; 5. Demolding connector; 51. Snap ring; 52. Pin; 6. Lower mold release module; 7. Through hole; 71. Through groove; 72. Step groove. Detailed Implementation

[0026] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0027] Example 1

[0028] Please see Figures 1-10 The present invention provides the following technical solution: an ice hockey mold for preparing hailstones for impact testing of photovoltaic modules, comprising a lower mold 1 and an upper mold 2, the upper mold 2 being disposed above the lower mold 1, and the lower mold 1 and the upper mold 2 being connected by six mold connectors 3. In this embodiment, the mold connectors 3 are preferably bolts. The lower mold 1 is connected to a lower mold release module 6 at the center of its bottom via a release connector, and the upper mold 2 is connected to an upper mold release module 4 at the center of its top via a release connector 5. In this embodiment, the release connector 5 is preferably a shaft retaining ring. The lower mold 1, the lower mold release module 6, the upper mold 2, and the upper mold release module 4 are provided with spherical cavities inside.

[0029] By adopting the above technical solution, the present invention provides a lower mold release module 6 at the center of the bottom of the lower mold 1 and an upper mold release module 4 at the center of the top of the upper mold 2. After freezing, the ice ball can be quickly demolded from the upper mold 2 by pushing the upper mold release module 4, and the ice ball can be quickly demolded from the lower mold 1 by pushing the lower mold release module 6, thereby reducing the breakage rate of the ice ball during demolding and improving the preparation efficiency of the ice ball.

[0030] Specifically, the bottom of the upper mold 2 is provided with a groove 22 on the outside of the spherical cavity, and the top of the lower mold 1 is provided with a protruding ring 102 corresponding to the groove 22.

[0031] By adopting the above technical solution, the sealing connection between the lower mold 1 and the upper mold 2 is achieved by embedding the convex ring 102 into the groove 22.

[0032] Specifically, the lower mold 1 has six positioning pins 101 arranged in a ring around its top periphery, and the upper mold 2 has positioning holes 21 corresponding to the positioning pins 101 at its bottom.

[0033] By adopting the above technical solution, the lower mold 1 and the upper mold 2 can be quickly positioned by the cooperation of the positioning pin 101 and the positioning hole 21.

[0034] Specifically, the bottom inner part of the lower mold 1 and the top inner part of the upper mold 2 are both provided with an embedding groove 103.

[0035] The above technical solution is used for the assembly of the upper mold release module 4 and the lower mold release module 6.

[0036] Specifically, the upper mold release module 4 has a through water injection hole at its center, and a water stop plug 41 is embedded in the water injection hole. The water stop plug 41 is made of rubber and is used to seal the water injection hole.

[0037] By adopting the above technical solution, it is easy to inject water into the spherical cavity.

[0038] Example 2

[0039] The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is as follows: Specifically, the mold connector 3 includes a connecting rod 31. A limit cap 33 is connected to one end of the connecting rod 31, and four limit blocks 34 are arranged in a ring on the circumference of the other end of the connecting rod 31. Six through holes 7 arranged in a ring are provided around the end faces of the lower mold 1 and the upper mold 2. The through holes 7 are used for insertion of the connecting rod 31. The inner wall of the through holes 7 is provided with through grooves 71 corresponding to the limit blocks 34. The through grooves 71 are used to avoid the limit blocks 34. Furthermore, the inner wall of the through holes 7 corresponding to the bottom of the lower mold 1 and the top of the upper mold 2 is also provided with stepped grooves 72 corresponding to the limit blocks 34. The stepped grooves 72 are used to cooperate with the limit blocks 34 to lock the lower mold 1 and the upper mold 2 together. A spring 32 is sleeved on the connecting rod 31 and located below the limit cap 33. The restoring force of the spring 32 causes the connecting rod 31 to move upward, so that the limit blocks 34 are automatically embedded in the stepped grooves 72.

[0040] By adopting the above technical solution, the upper mold 2 and the lower mold 1 can be locked or unlocked by pressing and rotating the connecting rod 31, making the locking or unlocking of the upper mold 2 and the lower mold 1 simpler and more convenient.

[0041] Example 3

[0042] The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that: specifically, the demolding connector 5 includes two semi-circular retaining rings 51, the upper mold demolding module 4 is provided with annular grooves 42 corresponding to the semi-circular retaining rings 51, the retaining rings 51 are connected to the upper mold 2 by three pins 52, the pins 52 are connected to the upper mold 2 by a slight interference fit, and the lower mold demolding module 6 is connected to the lower mold 1 in the same way.

[0043] By adopting the above technical solution, the upper mold release module 4 and the upper mold 2 are connected by the cooperation of the retaining ring 51 and the ring groove 42, and the lower mold release module 6 is connected by the lower mold 1. The retaining ring 51 is limited to the lower mold 1 or the upper mold 2 by the pin 52, making the disassembly and assembly of the upper mold release module 4 and the lower mold release module 6 simpler and more convenient.

[0044] The steps for using this utility model are as follows:

[0045] 1. Use retaining rings 51 to connect the upper mold release module 4 to the upper mold 2 and the lower mold release module 6 to the lower mold 1 respectively;

[0046] 2. Use mold connector 3 to lock the lower mold 1 and the upper mold 2 together;

[0047] 3. Pull out the water stop plug 41 on the lower mold release module 6 on the lower mold 1 or the upper mold release module 4 on the upper mold 2;

[0048] 4. Fill the spherical cavity with water until a small amount of water overflows, then insert the water stop plug 41 into the water injection hole.

[0049] 5. Place it in the ice chamber for freezing. After freezing, remove the mold connector 3 (press the connecting rod 31 to separate the limiting block 34 from the step groove 72, rotate the connecting rod 31 to make the limiting block 34 correspond to the through groove 71, and then pull out the connecting rod 31).

[0050] 7. Remove the retaining rings 51 from the upper mold release module 4 and the lower mold release module 6, and place the lower mold 1 facing down (or the upper mold 2 facing down);

[0051] 7. Push the upper mold release module 4 downward to release the ice puck from the upper mold 2. Under the action of the gravity of the entire mold, the lower mold release module 6 is pushed upward to release the ice puck from the lower mold 1.

[0052] The lower mold 1, upper mold 2, connecting rod 31, upper mold release module 4, lower mold release module 6, and retaining ring 51 of this utility model are all made of stainless steel, and the spring 32 is a rust-proof spring.

[0053] In summary, this invention features a lower mold release module 6 at the center of the bottom of the lower mold 1 and an upper mold release module 4 at the center of the top of the upper mold 2. After freezing, the ice ball can be quickly demolded from the upper mold 2 by pushing the upper mold release module 4, and from the lower mold 1 by pushing the lower mold release module 6. This reduces the breakage rate of the ice ball during demolding and improves the production efficiency of the ice ball. This invention allows for locking or unlocking of the upper mold 2 and lower mold 1 by pressing and rotating the connecting rod 31, making the locking and unlocking of the upper mold 2 and lower mold 1 simpler and more convenient. This invention uses a retaining ring 51 and a ring groove 42 to achieve a limiting connection between the upper mold release module 4 and the upper mold 2, and a limiting connection between the lower mold release module 6 and the lower mold 1. The retaining ring 51 is limited to the lower mold 1 or the upper mold 2 by a pin 52, making the assembly and disassembly of the upper mold release module 4 and the lower mold release module 6 simpler and more convenient.

[0054] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A hockey puck mold for preparing hailstones for impact testing of photovoltaic modules, characterized in that: It includes a lower mold and an upper mold. The upper mold is located above the lower mold and the lower mold and the upper mold are connected by several mold connectors. The lower mold has a lower mold release module connected to the center of the bottom of the lower mold through a release connector. The upper mold has an upper mold release module connected to the center of the top of the upper mold through a release connector. The lower mold, the lower mold release module, the upper mold and the upper mold release module are provided with spherical cavities inside.

2. The ice ball mold for preparing hailstones for photovoltaic module impact testing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the upper mold is provided with a groove on the outside of the spherical cavity, and the top of the lower mold is provided with a convex ring corresponding to the groove.

3. The ice ball mold for preparing hailstones for photovoltaic module impact testing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower mold has several positioning pins around its top perimeter, and the upper mold has positioning holes at its bottom corresponding to the positioning pins.

4. The ice ball mold for preparing hailstones for photovoltaic module impact testing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower mold has an inner bottom and the upper mold has an inner top, both of which are provided with embedding grooves.

5. The ice ball mold for preparing hailstones for photovoltaic module impact testing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper mold release module has a through water injection hole at its center, and a water stop plug is embedded in the water injection hole. The structure of the lower mold release module is the same as that of the upper mold release module.

6. The ice ball mold for preparing hailstones for photovoltaic module impact testing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mold connector includes a connecting rod, with a limit cap connected to one end of the connecting rod, and several limit blocks on the circumference of the other end of the connecting rod. Several through holes are provided around the end faces of the lower mold and the upper mold. Through grooves corresponding to the limit blocks are provided on the inner walls of the through holes, and stepped grooves corresponding to the limit blocks are also provided on the inner walls of the bottom of the lower mold and the top of the upper mold corresponding to the through holes.

7. The ice ball mold for preparing hailstones for photovoltaic module impact testing according to claim 6, characterized in that: A spring is fitted onto the connecting rod below the limiting cap.

8. The ice ball mold for preparing hailstones for photovoltaic module impact testing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The demolding connector includes two semi-circular retaining rings. The upper mold demolding module has annular grooves corresponding to the retaining rings. The retaining rings are connected to the upper mold by a number of pins.

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