A heat exchanger

Abstract

The utility model provides a kind of heat exchanger, it is related to heat exchanger technical field, including shell, several U-shaped tube bundles and baffle are arranged in the shell, the flow direction along heating steam is sequentially provided with superheated steam cooling section, condensation heat exchange section and drain cooling section in the shell, the U-shaped tube bundle is passed through superheated steam cooling section, condensation heat exchange section and drain cooling section, heating steam inlet corresponding with superheated steam cooling section is equipped on the shell, water inlet is equipped on the shell with tube bundle inlet communication, water outlet is equipped on the shell with tube bundle outlet communication and drain outlet corresponding with drain cooling section.The utility model is designed by the subsection of superheated steam cooling section, condensation heat exchange section, drain cooling section, and sequentially recovers the superheated sensible heat of heating steam, condensation latent heat, drain sensible heat, realizes heat cascade utilization, maximizes the energy utilization ratio, reduces heat waste.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model mainly relates to the field of heat exchanger technology, and specifically to a heat exchanger. Background Technology

[0002] In industries such as power, chemical, and metallurgy, heat recovery and efficient utilization are core components for achieving energy conservation, emission reduction, and lower production costs. Heat exchangers, as key equipment for heat transfer between media, are widely used in scenarios such as boiler feedwater preheating, process fluid heating, and steam condensation recovery. For example, in chemical production, heat exchangers need to regulate the temperature of reactants and heating / cooling media to ensure stable process operation. With the increasing demands for energy efficiency in industry, traditional heat exchangers have gradually revealed many technical shortcomings, making it difficult to meet the practical requirements of high heat exchange efficiency, low energy loss, and long-term stable operation.

[0003] Existing heat exchangers mostly employ single-stage or two-stage heat exchange structures. Some heat exchangers only have a condensation heat exchange section. When superheated steam directly enters the condensation section, the large amount of superheated sensible heat it carries is not effectively utilized and condenses directly, resulting in heat loss. At the same time, the condensate formed still has a high temperature, and existing equipment mostly discharges the condensate directly without recovering the waste heat of the condensate through a dedicated structure, further causing energy waste. The overall heat exchange efficiency is usually below 85%, making it difficult to meet the energy-saving requirements of high-energy-consuming industries. In addition, heating steam often contains non-condensable gases such as air and carbon dioxide. Existing heat exchangers mostly only have a single non-condensable gas outlet at the top of the shell, and the discharge location is not designed according to the gas accumulation characteristics of different heat exchange sections. For example, in the hydrophobic cooling section, the temperature of the hydrophobic material decreases, allowing non-condensable gases to dissolve again. Meanwhile, in the condensation heat exchange section, non-condensable gases also separate during steam condensation. Timely discharge of non-condensable gases from the tail end of the condensation section is essential. A single outlet cannot simultaneously meet the gas discharge needs of both sections, leading to the accumulation of non-condensable gases in the heat exchange section, forming a "gas film." This gas film significantly reduces the heat transfer coefficient, and the accumulated gas can also cause shell-side pressure fluctuations, affecting the stable operation of the equipment. Therefore, this equipment is equipped with two non-condensable gas discharge ports. Utility Model Content

[0004] 1. The technical problem to be solved by the utility model: This invention provides a heat exchanger to solve the technical problems existing in the background art.

[0005] 2. Technical Solution: To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution provided by this utility model is as follows: a heat exchanger includes a shell, in which a plurality of U-shaped tube bundles and baffles are arranged. A superheated steam cooling section, a condensation heat exchange section, and a condensate cooling section are sequentially arranged within the shell along the flow direction of the heating steam. The U-shaped tube bundles penetrate the superheated steam cooling section, the condensation heat exchange section, and the condensate cooling section. The shell is provided with a heating steam inlet corresponding to the superheated steam cooling section. The shell is also provided with a feedwater inlet communicating with the tube bundle inlet, a feedwater outlet communicating with the tube bundle outlet, and a condensate outlet corresponding to the condensate cooling section. Furthermore, the shell is provided with a pressure gauge, a water level measuring port, and a vapor-liquid two-phase flow water level control signal port.

[0006] Preferably, the two ends of the U-shaped tube bundle are fixed to the tube sheet at the end of the shell, the tube sheet is sealed to the shell, the baffles are staggered in the superheated steam cooling section, the condensation heat exchange section and the condensate cooling section, the baffles are provided with through holes for the U-shaped tube bundle to pass through, and the baffles are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the shell.

[0007] Preferably, the housing is further provided with a plurality of heat exchange tube elbow positioning and vibration damping fins. The heat exchange tube elbow positioning and vibration damping fins are located at the end away from the tube sheet. The heat exchange tube elbow positioning and vibration damping fins are sleeved on the U-shaped section of the tube bundle. The heat exchange tube elbow positioning and vibration damping fins are arranged at equal intervals along the U-shaped part of the tube bundle.

[0008] Preferably, the superheated steam cooling section is covered with a superheated steam cooling section shell, and the hydrophobic cooling section is covered with a hydrophobic cooling section shell. Both the superheated steam cooling section shell and the hydrophobic cooling section shell are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the shell and are respectively connected to both ends of the condensation heat exchange section.

[0009] Preferably, the shell is provided with two non-condensable gas outlets, which are located on the sides of the hydrophobic cooling section and the condensation heat exchange section, respectively. The two non-condensable gas outlets are connected to the interior of the shell. The axis of the heating steam inlet is perpendicular to the axis of the shell. The water inlet and water outlet are located on the upper and lower sides of the shell, respectively, and their axes are parallel to each other.

[0010] 3. Beneficial effects: Compared with the prior art, the technical solution provided by this utility model has the following advantages: This invention utilizes a segmented design consisting of a superheated steam cooling section, a condensation heat exchange section, and a condensate cooling section to sequentially recover the superheated sensible heat, latent heat of condensation, and sensible heat of the heating steam, achieving tiered heat utilization, maximizing energy efficiency, and reducing heat waste. Furthermore, by leveraging the segmented heat exchange between the tube-side flow and shell-side steam of the U-shaped tube bundle, the feedwater is gradually heated from a low temperature to the target temperature, meeting the feedwater temperature requirements of subsequent processes. Attached Figure Description

[0011] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall external structure of this utility model; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall internal structure of this utility model; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the hydrophobic cooling section cladding and the superheated steam cooling section cladding structure of this utility model. Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the superheated steam cooling section of this utility model; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the condensation heat exchange section of this utility model; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the internal planar structure of the hydrophobic cooling section and the superheated steam cooling section of this utility model; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the condensation heat exchange section of this utility model.

[0012] Figure label: 1. Shell; 2. Feedwater inlet; 3. Drainage cooling section; 4. Drainage cooling section cladding; 5. Drainage outlet; 6. Operating non-condensable gas outlet; 7. Condensation heat exchange section; 8. Superheated steam cooling section; 9. Superheated steam cooling section cladding; 10. Heating steam inlet; 11. Feedwater outlet; 12. Pressure gauge; 13. Drainage suction inlet of drainage cooling section; 14. Water level measuring port; 15. Heat exchanger tube elbow positioning anti-vibration fins; 16. Emergency drain outlet; 17. Vapor-liquid two-phase flow water level control signal port. Detailed Implementation

[0013] To facilitate understanding of this utility model, a more comprehensive description of the utility model will be given below with reference to the accompanying drawings, which show several embodiments of the utility model. However, the utility model can be implemented in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that the disclosure of the utility model will be more thorough and complete.

[0014] In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "page", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this utility model.

[0015] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this utility model, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0016] In this utility model, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," "fixing," and "equipped with" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model according to the specific circumstances.

[0017] It should be noted that the structures not described in this utility model are the same as or can be implemented using existing technology, and will not be elaborated here, as they do not involve the design points and improvement directions of this utility model. Example

[0018] See attached document Figures 1-7 A heat exchanger includes a shell 1, inside which are arranged a plurality of U-shaped tube bundles 18 and baffles 19. Inside the shell 1, along the flow direction of heating steam, there are sequentially arranged a superheated steam cooling section 8, a condensation heat exchange section 7, and a condensate cooling section 3. The U-shaped tube bundles 18 pass through the superheated steam cooling section 8, the condensation heat exchange section 7, and the condensate cooling section 3. The shell 1 is provided with a heating steam inlet 10 corresponding to the superheated steam cooling section 8, a water inlet 2 communicating with the inlet of the tube bundles 18, a water outlet 11 communicating with the outlet of the tube bundles 18, and a condensate outlet 5 corresponding to the condensate cooling section 3.

[0019] The shell 1 is also equipped with a pressure gauge 12, a water level measuring port 14, and a vapor-liquid two-phase flow water level control signal port 17. The pressure gauge 12 on the shell 1 can monitor the pressure of steam and condensate in the shell side in real time to avoid abnormal pressure. The water level measuring port 14 and the vapor-liquid two-phase flow water level control signal port 17 can monitor the condensate water level in the condensation heat exchange section 7 to prevent excessively high water levels from obstructing steam flow or excessively low water levels from causing the tube bundle 18 to dry burn, thus ensuring the safe operation of the equipment. The monitoring components such as the pressure gauge 12 and the water level measuring port 14 can provide real-time feedback of operating parameters, which is convenient for operators to make timely adjustments and reduce safety hazards.

[0020] The two ends of the U-shaped tube bundle 18 are fixed to the tube sheet at the end of the shell 1, and the tube sheet is sealed to the shell 1. Baffles 19 are staggered within the superheated steam cooling section 8, the condensation heat exchange section 7, and the condensate cooling section 3. The baffles 19 have through holes for the U-shaped tube bundle 18 to pass through, and are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the shell 1. The sealed connection between the tube sheet and the shell 1, and the fixed connection between the baffles 19 and the shell 1, prevent media leakage and ensure the structural stability of the tube bundle 18, avoiding vibration damage during operation. The staggered baffles 19 extend the flow path of the shell-side steam, increasing the contact time between the steam and the tube bundle 18. The baffles 19 not only change the steam flow direction but also provide support for the tube bundle 18, preventing vibration caused by fluid impact during operation and extending the service life of the tube bundle.

[0021] The shell 1 also contains several heat exchanger tube elbow positioning and vibration damping fins 15. These fins are located at the end furthest from the tube sheet and are fitted onto the U-shaped section of the tube bundle 18. The fins are arranged at equal intervals along the U-shaped portion of the tube bundle 18. The heat exchanger tube elbow positioning and vibration damping fins 15 fitted onto the U-shaped portion of the tube bundle 18 increase the local heat exchange area and solve the problem of weak heat exchange in the U-shaped section. The two-section design together improves the overall heat exchange efficiency.

[0022] The superheated steam cooling section 8 is externally fitted with a superheated steam cooling section shell 9, and the condensate cooling section 3 is externally fitted with a condensate cooling section shell 4. Both the superheated steam cooling section shell 9 and the condensate cooling section shell 4 are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the shell 1 and are respectively connected to both ends of the condensation heat exchange section 7. The superheated steam cooling section shell 9 and the condensate cooling section shell 4 can limit the flow range of steam and condensate, and prevent cross-flow of media at different temperatures. The shell 1 is equipped with two non-condensable gas outlets 6, which are located on the sides of the hydrophobic cooling section 3 and the condensation heat exchange section 7, respectively. The two outlets 6 are connected to the interior of the shell 1. The axis of the heating steam inlet 10 is perpendicular to the axis of the shell 1. The feedwater inlet 2 and feedwater outlet 11 are located on the upper and lower sides of the shell 1, respectively, and their axes are parallel to each other. The dual non-condensable gas outlets 6 exhaust gas from the hydrophobic cooling section 3 and the condensation heat exchange section 7, respectively, to prevent the accumulation of non-condensable gas that could lead to localized overheating or a sudden drop in heat exchange efficiency.

[0023] Working principle, such as Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown: Shell-side medium flow and heat transfer in the heating steam circuit: Heating steam enters the shell 1 through the heating steam inlet 10 and first flows into the superheated steam cooling section 8, defined by the superheated steam cooling section shell 9. The superheated steam cooling section shell 9 is fixed to the inner wall of the shell 1 to prevent steam crossflow. In this section, the steam exchanges heat with the feedwater in the U-shaped tube bundle 18 that runs through the section for the first time. After the superheated steam releases sensible heat, it cools down to the saturated steam state. Then, the steam flows along the preset flow direction in the shell 1 and enters the condensation heat exchange section 7, which is connected to the superheated steam cooling section 8. The condensation heat exchange section 7 is staggered with baffles 19, which change the steam flow path and prolong the residence time. The saturated steam fully condenses into condensate and releases a large amount of latent heat, further heating the feedwater in the tube bundle 18. Finally, the condensate enters the condensate cooling section 3, defined by the condensate cooling section shell 4. The condensate exchanges heat with the feedwater in the tube bundle 18 for the third time. After the temperature is further reduced, it is discharged from the shell 1 through the condensate outlet 5 corresponding to the condensate cooling section 3. During the process, the non-condensable gas carried by the heating steam will accumulate in the hydrophobic cooling section 3 and the condensation heat exchange section 7 respectively, and will eventually be discharged through the two non-condensable gas outlets 6 on the side of the shell 1 that are connected to these two sections, so as to avoid the non-condensable gas affecting the heat exchange efficiency.

[0024] Water supply loop pipe side medium flow and heat exchange: The feedwater to be heated enters from the feedwater inlet 2 on the lower side of the shell 1 and flows directly into the inlet end of the U-tube bundle 18. The feedwater flows along the tube side of the U-tube bundle 18, passing sequentially through the condensate cooling section 3, the condensation heat exchange section 7, and the superheated steam cooling section 8. In each section, it exchanges heat with the heating steam and condensate in the shell side: in the condensate cooling section 3, it absorbs the residual heat of the condensate to initially raise the temperature; in the condensation heat exchange section 7, it absorbs the latent heat of steam condensation to rapidly raise the temperature; and in the superheated steam cooling section 8, it absorbs the sensible heat of superheated steam to reach the target temperature. Finally, the heated feedwater is discharged from the feedwater outlet 11 on the upper side of the shell 1, which is connected to the outlet of the U-tube bundle 18. In addition, the heat exchange tube elbow positioning and vibration damping fins 15 installed on the U-shaped part of the U-shaped tube bundle 18 away from the tube sheet will increase the heat exchange area between the tube bundle 18 and the steam / condensate when the feed water flows through the U-shaped section of the tube bundle, enhance the heat exchange effect of the U-shaped part, and avoid the heat exchange bottleneck caused by the change of flow velocity in the U-shaped section.

[0025] The above-described embodiments are merely illustrative of certain implementations of this utility model, and their descriptions are relatively specific and detailed. However, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of this utility model patent. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of this utility model, and these modifications and improvements all fall within the protection scope of this utility model. Therefore, the protection scope of this utility model patent should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A heat exchanger, characterized in that: The device includes a housing (1), which contains several U-shaped tube bundles (18) and baffles (19). The housing (1) contains a superheated steam cooling section (8), a condensation heat exchange section (7) and a condensate cooling section (3) arranged sequentially along the flow direction of the heating steam. The U-shaped tube bundles (18) pass through the superheated steam cooling section (8), the condensation heat exchange section (7) and the condensate cooling section (3). The housing (1) is provided with a heating steam inlet (10) corresponding to the superheated steam cooling section (8). The housing (1) is provided with a water inlet (2) connected to the inlet of the tube bundles (18), a water outlet (11) connected to the outlet of the tube bundles (18) and a condensate outlet (5) corresponding to the condensate cooling section (3). The housing (1) is also provided with a pressure gauge (12), a water level measuring port (14) and a vapor-liquid two-phase flow water level control signal port (17).

2. A heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that: The two ends of the U-shaped tube bundle (18) are fixed to the tube sheet at the end of the shell (1). The tube sheet is sealed to the shell (1). The baffles (19) are staggered in the superheated steam cooling section (8), the condensation heat exchange section (7) and the hydrophobic cooling section (3). The baffles (19) have through holes for the U-shaped tube bundle (18) to pass through.

3. A heat exchanger according to claim 2, characterized in that: The shell (1) is also provided with a number of heat exchange tube elbow positioning and vibration damping fins (15). The heat exchange tube elbow positioning and vibration damping fins (15) are located at one end away from the tube sheet. The heat exchange tube elbow positioning and vibration damping fins (15) are sleeved on the U-shaped section of the tube bundle (18). The heat exchange tube elbow positioning and vibration damping fins (15) are arranged at equal intervals along the U-shaped part of the tube bundle (18).

4. A heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that: The superheated steam cooling section (8) is covered with a superheated steam cooling section shell (9), and the hydrophobic cooling section (3) is covered with a hydrophobic cooling section shell (4). The superheated steam cooling section shell (9) and the hydrophobic cooling section shell (4) are both fixedly connected to the inner wall of the shell (1) and are respectively connected to both ends of the condensation heat exchange section (7).

5. A heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shell (1) is provided with two non-condensable gas outlets (6). The two non-condensable gas outlets (6) are located on the sides of the hydrophobic cooling section (3) and the condensation heat exchange section (7), respectively. The two non-condensable gas outlets (6) are connected to the interior of the shell (1). The axis of the heating steam inlet (10) is perpendicular to the axis of the shell (1). The water inlet (2) and the water outlet (11) are located on the upper and lower sides of the shell (1), respectively, and their axes are parallel to each other.

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