Capacitorless electronic seismic exploration electronic detonator

Abstract

A kind of electronic detonator of capacitive seismic exploration type, it relates to an electronic detonator, the utility model is compatible with the safety performance such as conventional electronic detonator three code tube control, antistatic and stray current.It uses 400V high-voltage initiator to directly initiate the ignition form of front-end ignition bridge wire, and the acting energy is changed from internal capacitor to external initiation energy.Capacitorless seismic exploration type electronic detonator is from top to bottom respectively: label, single copper foot line, injection plug, capacitorless seismic exploration electronic control module, tube shell, head, reinforcing cap, booster and explosive.The electronic control module used in the electronic detonator is a non-energy storage capacitor module, without capacitor charging and discharging operation, the electronic control module is directly acted on the front-end ignition bridge wire after decoding;The head part adopts heat shrinkable sleeve protection, on the one hand, it protects the head from being damaged, on the other hand, it can increase the ignition energy gathering type through the reinforcing cap fire hole to be delivered to the booster to detonate explosive, increase its ignition reliability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to an electronic detonator, and more particularly to a capacitor-free seismic exploration electronic detonator. Background Technology

[0002] In 2023, the Safety Production Department of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology issued the "Notice on Temporarily Retaining the Permitted Production Capacity of Electric Detonators for Seismic Exploration" (Gong Anquan Han

[2023] No. 120), which clearly stated that the production capacity of electric detonators for seismic exploration would be temporarily retained, and production would be stopped before the end of February 2024 and sales would be stopped before the end of April 2024. At the same time, it proposed that "enterprises should be encouraged to further increase their R&D efforts, strengthen communication with users, understand customer needs, improve the relevant performance indicators of electronic detonators, and meet the application needs of special scenarios such as seismic exploration and oil and gas extraction."

[0003] Currently, the commonly used seismic exploration electronic detonators on the market are capacitor-type detonators. Their internal electronic control module contains an energy storage capacitor. The energy transfer process is as follows: the controller charges the internal capacitor of the electronic control module at low voltage. After charging is complete, the high-voltage initiation device sends an initiation signal to the controller, which then initiates the detonation. Capacitorless seismic exploration electronic detonators eliminate the need for a capacitor charging and discharging process. The initiation energy from the high-voltage initiation device acts directly on the ignition bridge wire, without any intermediate signal conversion process. The energy is converted from internal capacitor energy to external initiation energy. This product also features high leakage current resistance and rapid ignition response time. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a capacitor-free electronic detonator for seismic exploration. This detonator's initiator delivers a high voltage that 100% meets the detonator's required ignition energy, ensuring 100% reliable ignition. It minimizes circuit signal conversion, reducing unreliable signal transmission caused by stray current interference during ignition. The applied energy is transformed from internal capacitor energy to external ignition energy. This invention also enables information-based management and control of the entire process of product manufacturing, transportation, storage, and use.

[0005] The objective of this utility model is achieved through the following technical solution:

[0006] A capacitorless seismic exploration electronic detonator includes a label, single-strand copper leads, a plastic plug, a capacitorless seismic exploration electronic control module, a casing, a charge head, a reinforcing cap, an initiating charge, an explosive, and a silk pad. The single-strand copper leads are connected to the plastic plug; the capacitorless seismic exploration electronic control module is connected to the charge head; the casing, initiating charge, explosive, reinforcing cap, and silk pad are connected; the capacitorless seismic exploration electronic control module with the charge head is connected to the two single-strand copper leads with the plastic plug by welding; the plastic plug is then... The two single-strand copper leads at the bottom and the pads of the capacitorless seismic exploration electronic control module are soldered with high-temperature tin. Then, the part of the injection-molded plug with the capacitorless seismic exploration electronic control module and the charge head is placed into the tube containing explosives, detonating charge, reinforcing cap and silk pad. Then, the outer tube corresponding to the contact point between the tube and the injection-molded plug is closed by a bayonet machine. Finally, a special equipment is used to read the internal information of the capacitorless seismic exploration electronic control module and engrave the information on the label in the form of QR code or other information by laser marking.

[0007] The capacitorless seismic exploration electronic detonator described above is characterized by a connection between a single-strand copper lead wire and an injection-molded plug, wherein the two single-strand copper leads wires and the injection-molded plug are formed into a wire plug through a high-temperature die-casting process.

[0008] The aforementioned capacitorless seismic exploration electronic detonator connects the capacitorless seismic exploration electronic control module to the detonator head. Wet ignition propellant is coated onto the bridge wire of the capacitorless seismic exploration electronic control module using a multi-layer coating method. The detonator head is then coated with moisture-proof paint and finally covered with heat-shrink tubing after drying.

[0009] The aforementioned capacitorless seismic exploration electronic detonator is characterized by the connection between the tube shell, the detonating charge, the explosive, the reinforcing cap, and the silk pad. The explosive, the detonating charge, and the reinforcing cap with the silk pad are sequentially loaded into the tube shell under pressure through a pressurized loading method.

[0010] The advantages and effects of this utility model are:

[0011] 1. Strong Controllability: This utility model simplifies the usage process and reduces circuit signal conversion steps, lowering the risk of unreliable signal transmission due to stray current interference during detonation. The applied energy is converted from internal capacitor energy to external detonation energy. It meets the safety control requirements of the civil explosives industry, achieving information-based control over the entire process of product production, transportation, storage, and use.

[0012] 2. Leakage Resistance: The key feature of this invention is that the detonator delivers a high voltage that 100% meets the detonator's required detonation energy, ensuring 100% reliable ignition of the detonator and reducing the misfire rate. It also ensures reliable detonation even with a leakage current of 100mA.

[0013] 3. Reliability: This invention features high resistance to leakage current. Under a leakage current of 100mA, the internal electronic control module can reliably exchange information with the controller. The product's operation process is simplified, with fewer circuit signal conversion processes, reducing problems such as unreliable signal transmission caused by stray current interference during detonation. The applied energy is changed from internal capacitor energy to external detonation energy. Attached Figure Description

[0014] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of a capacitorless seismic exploration electronic detonator according to this utility model;

[0015] Figure 2 This is a block diagram of the electronic control module circuit of this utility model;

[0016] Figure 3 This is the internal circuit diagram of the electronic control module of this utility model;

[0017] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the electronic control module of this utility model;

[0018] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the microcontroller port distribution of this utility model.

[0019] Components shown in the diagram: 1. Label, 2. Single-strand copper lead wire, 3. Injection plug, 4. Capacitorless seismic exploration electronic control module, 5. Tube shell, 6. Charge head, 7. Reinforcing cap, 8. Detonating charge, 9. Explosive, 10. Silk pad. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings.

[0021] like Figure 1As shown, this utility model includes a label 1, a single-strand copper lead wire 2, an injection-molded plug 3, a capacitor-free seismic exploration electronic control module 4, a casing 5, a charge head 6, a reinforcing cap 7, an initiating charge 8, explosive 9, and a silk pad 10. The single-strand copper lead wire 2 is connected to the injection-molded plug 3. The two single-strand copper lead wires and the injection-molded plug are formed into a wire plug through a high-temperature die-casting process. The capacitorless seismic exploration electronic control module 4 is connected to the propellant head 6. The wet igniter is wrapped on the bridge wire of the capacitorless seismic exploration electronic control module through a multi-layer coating method (selecting each agent from igniters such as lead trinitroresorcinol, potassium picrate, or a mixture of potassium thiocyanate and potassium chlorate to improve the ignition reliability of the product). Then, it is dried with infrared radiation at a specific temperature and time. The propellant head is then completely wrapped with moisture-proof paint, and finally, the dried propellant head is covered with heat shrink tubing. The tube shell 5, the detonator 8, the explosive 9, the reinforcing cap 7, and the pad 10 are connected. The explosive and the detonator are loaded sequentially under pressure by a pressurization method. The reinforcing cap with a silk pad is inserted into the tube shell; the capacitorless seismic exploration electronic control module 4 with the explosive head 6 is connected to the two single-strand copper wires 2 with the injection plug 3 by welding; the two single-strand copper wires 2 at the lower end of the injection plug 3 and the pads of the capacitorless seismic exploration electronic control module 4 are soldered with high-temperature tin; then the part of the injection plug with the capacitorless seismic exploration electronic control module 4 and the explosive head 6 is placed into the tube shell containing the explosive 9, the detonating charge 8, the reinforcing cap 7 and the silk pad 10; then the outer tube shell part corresponding to the contact point between the tube shell 5 and the injection plug 3 is closed by a bayonet machine; finally, the internal information of the capacitorless seismic exploration electronic control module is read by special equipment and the information is engraved on the label 1 in the form of a QR code by laser marking.

[0022] The capacitorless seismic exploration electronic control module 4, model ECMD4-EF05, uses GJB1667-1993 precision resistance alloy wire 6J20 for pyrotechnics, with a diameter of φ0.035mm and a resistance of 1.9Ω±0.25Ω; the total length of the module is 44mm±0.5mm.

[0023] like Figure 2As shown, this embodiment provides a control circuit for an electronic detonator used in oil and gas wells, including a power management module, a communication module, a microcontroller U1, a programmable read-only memory (PLM), a drive module, a power supply protection module, and a detonation module. The power output terminal of the power management module is electrically connected to the power input terminals of the communication module, the microcontroller U1, the PLM, and the drive module. The signal transceiver terminal of the communication module is electrically connected to the signal transceiver terminal of the microcontroller U1. The serial communication terminal of the microcontroller U1 is electrically connected to the data transmission terminal of the PLM. The signal output terminal of the microcontroller U1 is electrically connected to the control terminal of the drive module. The output terminal of the drive module is electrically connected to the positive terminal of the power supply protection module and the positive terminal of the detonation module. The negative terminals of the power supply protection module and the detonation module are both grounded. In the specific design process, the power management module may include a battery and a multi-power management device. The multi-power management device converts the voltage of the positive and negative terminals of the battery and outputs multiple DC voltages of different magnitudes. These multiple DC voltages provide power to the power management module, communication module, microcontroller U1, programmable read-only memory, drive module, and power protection module.

[0024] like Figure 3 As shown, the driving module includes a signal amplification unit and a switching unit. The non-inverting input terminal of the signal amplification unit is electrically connected to the signal output terminal of the microcontroller U1, the inverting input terminal of the signal amplification unit is grounded, the output terminal of the signal amplification unit is electrically connected to the base of the switching unit, the collector of the switching unit is electrically connected to the output terminal of the power management module, the positive terminal of the power supply protection module, and the positive terminal of the detonation module, respectively, and the emitter of the switching unit is grounded.

[0025] Specifically, the signal amplification unit includes resistors R2 and R3, and operational amplifier U2; one end of resistor R2 is electrically connected to the signal output terminal of the microcontroller U1, and the other end of resistor R2 is electrically connected to the non-inverting input terminal of operational amplifier U2; one end of resistor R3 is electrically connected to the non-inverting input terminal of operational amplifier U2, and the other end of resistor R3 is electrically connected to the output terminal of operational amplifier U2; the inverting input terminal of operational amplifier U2 is grounded; and the output terminal of operational amplifier U2 is electrically connected to the base of the switching unit.

[0026] Specifically, the switching unit includes a transistor Q1, a resistor R4, and a resistor R5. The base of the transistor Q1 is electrically connected to the output terminal of the operational amplifier U2. One end of the resistor R4 is electrically connected to the base of the transistor Q1, and the other end of the resistor R4 and the emitter of the transistor Q1 are both grounded. The collector of the transistor Q1 is electrically connected to one end of the resistor R5, and the other end of the resistor R5 is electrically connected to the output terminal of the power management module, the positive terminal of the power supply protection module, and the positive terminal of the detonation module, respectively.

[0027] Specifically, such as Figure 4 In this protection circuit, resistors R1 and R2, energy storage capacitor C4, transistor Q4, and relay K constitute a primary protection circuit. When a strong interference pulse or static electricity strikes, the voltage divider effect of R1 and R2 and the time-delay absorption effect of C1 will absorb the energy of these instantaneously generated static electricity or interference pulses, preventing transistor Q4 from turning on. This causes the downstream circuit to remain in its original static state and not work. The positive and negative leads of the electronic detonator circuit are connected to the common contacts J2 and J3 of the relay, while the common contacts J2 and J3 of the relay remain connected to the normally closed contacts J3 and J6, respectively. This ensures that the conduction between the two electrodes of the electronic detonator circuit is at a "0" potential, effectively preventing the digital detonator body from being affected by static electricity or interference sources.

[0028] Capacitor C5, diode D2, and diode D3 constitute a diode protection circuit. Capacitor C5 is connected across the power supply terminals, providing a power supply path before diodes D2 and D3. Diodes D2 and D3 are electrically connected to the positive and negative leads of the electronic detonator circuit to prevent accidental ignition of the digital detonator body due to stray current, induced current, magnetic field, etc. Specifically, the drive module also includes an indicator light unit, which includes a resistor R1 and a light-emitting diode D2. One end of the resistor R1 is electrically connected to the output terminal of the power management module, and the other end of the resistor R1 is electrically connected to the positive terminal of the light-emitting diode D1. The negative terminal of the light-emitting diode D1 is electrically connected to the other end of the resistor R5.

[0029] The communication module includes a wireless communication module and a wired communication module. The signal transceiver terminals of the microcontroller U1 are electrically connected to the signal transceiver terminals of the wireless communication module and the wired communication module, respectively. The wireless communication module is an ESP8266 wireless WiFi communication module, and the wired communication module is an RS232 communication module.

[0030] An external communication device establishes a communication connection with the microcontroller U1 via a wireless communication module or a wired communication module. The external communication device needs to establish a secure communication connection with the microcontroller U1 using a UID code burned into its programmable read-only memory. After establishing a secure communication connection, the external communication device can send a detonation signal to the microcontroller U1. Upon receiving the detonation signal, the microcontroller U1 sends a high-level signal through its serial port P2.4. This high-level signal is amplified by a signal amplification device composed of operational amplifier U2, resistors R2 and R3, and then outputs an amplified voltage. This amplified voltage passes through resistor R4, and the voltage across resistor R4 drives transistor Q1 to conduct. After transistor Q1 conducts, the voltage VCC provided by the power management module is grounded through resistor R5 and then through transistor Q1, forming a closed loop. The voltage across resistor R5 supplies power to the detonation module F, causing it to heat up and ignite the gunpowder inside the electronic detonator.

[0031] like Figure 5 As shown, an external clock module is connected to the microcontroller U1. The external clock module includes a crystal oscillator Y3, a capacitor C10, and a capacitor C11. The two ends of the crystal oscillator Y3 are electrically connected to the input terminal and the output terminal of the on-chip oscillator circuit of the microcontroller U1, respectively. One end of the capacitor C10 is electrically connected to one end of the crystal oscillator Y3, and one end of the capacitor C11 is electrically connected to the other end of the crystal oscillator Y3. The other ends of the capacitors C10 and C11 are both grounded.

[0032] A microcontroller reset module is connected to the microcontroller U1. The microcontroller reset module includes a capacitor C9 and a resistor R16. The positive terminal of capacitor C9 is electrically connected to the output terminal of the power management module, and the negative terminal of capacitor C9 is electrically connected to the reset terminal RES of the microcontroller U1 and one end of resistor R16. The other end of resistor R16 is grounded. When the microcontroller U1 is powered on, the voltage output by the power management module charges capacitor C9. When the voltage across capacitor C9 reaches the high-level voltage required to reset the microcontroller U1, the microcontroller U1 resets. After the reset, once the voltage across capacitor C9 has amplified, the potential at one end of resistor R16 becomes zero, and the microcontroller U1 will not be reset again during the entire operation. It should be noted that using a microcontroller for UID security management is existing technology; therefore, this invention does not involve improvements to the computer program.

[0033] This invention improves the safety management performance of electronic detonators used in oil and gas wells by incorporating a microcontroller and a programmable read-only memory (ROM). The ROM, pre-stored with a unique identifier (UID), enables secure management of external signals. Furthermore, by including both a wired and wireless communication module, data communication between the electronic detonator and its control circuitry within the oil and gas well can be achieved via an intermediate wireless signal transmission platform or wireless relay device, facilitating long-distance communication with a ground-based control platform.

[0034] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the present utility model. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the concept and principles of the present utility model should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A non-capacitive electronic seismic exploration detonator, characterized by, The electronic detonator includes a label (1), a single-strand copper lead wire (2), a plastic plug (3), a capacitorless seismic exploration electronic control module (4), a casing (5), a detonator head (6), a reinforcing cap (7), an initiating charge (8), an explosive (9), and a silk pad (10); the single-strand copper lead wire (2) is connected to the plastic plug (3); the capacitorless seismic exploration electronic control module (4) is connected to the detonator head (6); the casing (5), the initiating charge (8), the explosive (9), the reinforcing cap (7), and the silk pad (10) are connected; the capacitorless seismic exploration electronic control module (4) with the detonator head (6) and the two single-strand copper leads wires (2) with the plastic plug (3) are welded together. Connection method: The two single-strand copper leads (2) at the lower end of the injection plug (3) and the pads of the capacitorless seismic exploration electronic control module (4) are soldered with high-temperature tin. Then, the part of the injection plug with the capacitorless seismic exploration electronic control module (4) and the propellant head (6) is placed into the tube containing explosive (9), detonator (8), reinforcing cap (7) and silk pad (10). Then, the outer tube corresponding to the contact point between the tube (5) and the injection plug (3) is closed by a bayonet machine. Finally, the internal information of the capacitorless seismic exploration electronic control module is read by special equipment and the information is engraved on the label (1) in the form of QR code by laser marking.

2. The electronic cap-free seismic exploration detonator according to claim 1, wherein, The connection between the single-strand copper lead wire (2) and the injection plug (3) is formed by two single-strand copper leads wires and the injection plug through a high-temperature die-casting process to form a wire injection plug.

3. The electronic seismic exploration capasitanceless detonator according to claim 1, wherein, The capacitorless seismic exploration electronic control module (4) is connected to the propellant head (6). The wet ignition propellant is wrapped on the bridge wire of the capacitorless seismic exploration electronic control module through a multi-layer coating method. The propellant head is wrapped with moisture-proof paint and then the dried propellant head is wrapped with heat shrink tubing.

4. The electronic seismic exploration capasitanceless detonator according to claim 1, wherein, The shell (5), detonator (8), explosive (9), reinforcing cap (7), and silk pad (10) are connected. The explosive, detonator, and reinforcing cap with silk pad are loaded into the shell in sequence under pressure by a pressurized method.

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