A welding seam misalignment detection device for an engine housing

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of welding seam misposition detection devices of engine shell, including height detection unit, fixed plate, locking assembly and reference positioning block.Height detection unit contains measuring rod and dial gauge, measuring rod contacts shell surface, and its vertical displacement is changed by dial gauge pointer through table rod driving;Reference positioning block bottom has the V-shaped positioning surface that is attached with shell outer circle, top guide slot is used for the sliding of fixed plate, and the relative position of locking assembly fixed height detection unit and fixed plate.This device accurately detects height change through dial gauge, V-shaped positioning surface and guide slot ensure measurement stability, can be adapted to different diameter shell by replacing measuring rod and reference positioning block, with the characteristics of accurate measurement, simple operation, wide application range, can effectively detect welding seam misposition value.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of engine housing weld inspection technology, specifically to a weld misalignment detection device for engine housing. Background Technology

[0002] In recent years, the Army has vigorously developed a series of rockets, including the engine casing of the propulsion system (see...). Figure 1 The trend towards elongated, smaller-diameter designs places higher demands on casing performance, overall form and position tolerances, and weld appearance quality. Weld misalignment is a common appearance defect during welding, directly affecting engine casing performance. Accurately measuring weld misalignment after welding is a major challenge in inspecting weld appearance quality. High-energy beam welding methods such as laser welding and electron beam welding have extremely high requirements for weld misalignment, ensuring it does not exceed 0.1δ (δ being the wall thickness of the welded part). Therefore, accurately measuring weld misalignment after welding is a crucial method for checking weld appearance quality.

[0003] The current industry faces the following bottlenecks in weld misalignment detection: (1) Traditional contact measurement is inefficient and has large errors. Calipers or feeler gauges are commonly used for manual inspection, but engine housings are mostly curved structures, making it difficult to unify the measurement benchmark. During operation, multiple points need to be repeatedly positioned, and the measurement accuracy is poor due to differences in the force applied by the operator. For thin-walled housings with a diameter of less than 200mm (wall thickness of 3-5mm), contact pressure may also cause local deformation, resulting in secondary errors. (2) Non-contact inspection equipment has limited applicability. Although laser scanners or three-dimensional vision systems can achieve high-precision measurement, they have stringent requirements for the on-site environment. After welding, engine housings often have residual oxide scale and spatter, which interfere with the acquisition of optical sensors; and workshop vibration and temperature differences can cause equipment drift, requiring frequent calibration. More importantly, the cost of such equipment is high per unit, making it difficult to popularize in production lines.

[0004] Therefore, developing an online testing device that is suitable for production lines, cost-effective, and highly accurate has become a key technological bottleneck in improving the reliability of military engines. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, the purpose of this utility model is to provide a weld misalignment detection device for engine housings, which can accurately measure the weld misalignment value of engine housings and facilitate the inspection of the appearance quality of the housing welds.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model is implemented through the following technical solution: This utility model provides a device for detecting weld misalignment in an engine housing, comprising: A height detection unit is used to contact the surface of the housing and detect changes in height. The fixed plate is rigidly connected to the height detection unit; A locking assembly is used to lock the relative position of the height detection unit and the fixing plate; The reference positioning block has a V-shaped positioning surface at the bottom that fits with the outer circle of the housing, and an axial guide groove at the top. The fixing plate is slidably installed in the guide groove of the reference positioning block and moves along the axial direction of the housing.

[0007] As a further optimization of this utility model, the height detection unit includes a measuring rod and a dial indicator. The bottom of the dial indicator is provided with a guide sleeve, which is rigidly connected to the fixed plate through a locking assembly. The dial indicator rod passes through the guide sleeve, and the bottom end of the rod is threadedly connected to the measuring rod that passes through the fixed plate. The vertical displacement of the measuring rod drives the rod to drive the dial indicator pointer to change.

[0008] As a further optimization of this utility model, the locking assembly includes a fixing rod, a clamping nut, and a retaining sleeve. The bottom of the fixing rod is threadedly connected to a threaded hole on the fixing plate. A portion of the retaining sleeve is embedded in the oblique cut at the top of the fixing rod, and the other portion protrudes outside the top of the fixing rod. A guide sleeve passes through the retaining sleeve, and the clamping nut is fitted onto the top of the fixing rod and threadedly connected to it. The clamping nut is used to press the retaining sleeve downward and compress and fix the guide sleeve.

[0009] As a further optimization of this utility model, the card sleeve is thicker in the middle and thinner at both ends.

[0010] As a further optimization of this utility model, the dial indicator includes a bezel, a dial, a support plate, a stem, a transmission gear, a large-scale gear, and a small-scale gear. The stem passes through the bezel, and the dial and support plate are both located within the bezel. The transmission gear, the small-scale gear, and the large-scale gear are all mounted on the support plate via a rotating shaft. A rack is provided axially on the stem, which meshes with the transmission gear, the transmission gear meshes with the small-scale gear, and the small-scale gear meshes with the large-scale gear. A return spring is connected to the stem, and the other end of the return spring is connected to the inner wall of the lower end of the bezel. The dial is provided with a small-scale pointer and a large-scale pointer.

[0011] As a further optimization of this utility model, the dial rod has an axially spaced long slot, and the shaft of the small scale gear passes through the long slot.

[0012] As a further optimization of this utility model, a stop cap is provided at the top of the gauge rod.

[0013] As a further optimization of this utility model, the dial indicator has an accuracy of 0.01 mm and a measuring range of 0 to 30 mm.

[0014] As a further optimization of this utility model, the V-shaped positioning surface of the reference positioning block is tangent to the outer circle of the shell, and the width of its guide groove is 0.1–0.5 mm larger than the width of the fixing plate.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, this utility model has the following advantages: This invention enables precise measurement of weld misalignment. It employs a high-precision dial indicator as the core component of the height detection unit. The vertical displacement of the measuring rod drives the dial indicator rod, and the gear and rack transmission amplifies minute displacements, displaying the changes in the pointer. This allows for accurate capture of height differences on both sides of the weld. Simultaneously, the V-shaped positioning surface of the reference positioning block is tangent to the outer circle of the housing, ensuring stable contact with the housing surface and maintaining a consistent reference. The cooperation between the guide groove and the fixed plate (the guide groove width is 0.1-0.5mm larger than the fixed plate) ensures smooth axial movement of the fixed plate, reducing shaking interference during measurement and further improving measurement accuracy.

[0016] This utility model detection device is easy to operate and highly applicable. The device can firmly fix the relative position of the height detection unit and the fixed plate through the locking component, ensuring structural stability during the measurement process. During measurement, simply move the measuring rod from one side of the weld to the other side and record the difference between the maximum and minimum values ​​of the dial gauge to obtain the misalignment value. The steps are simple. In addition, by replacing measuring rods of different lengths and reference positioning blocks of different sizes, it can be combined to adapt to engine housings of different diameters, greatly expanding the scope of application. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the engine casing.

[0018] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the detection device of this utility model.

[0019] Figure 3 This is a front structural diagram of the dial indicator of this utility model.

[0020] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the dial gauge of this utility model.

[0021] Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the locking assembly of this utility model.

[0022] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the detection device of this utility model applied to the detection of weld seams in engine casings.

[0023] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the reference positioning block and the engine housing of this utility model.

[0024] In the diagram: 1. Height detection unit; 11. Measuring rod; 12. Dial indicator; 13. Guide sleeve; 101. Indicator rod; 102. Indicator bezel; 103. Indicator dial; 104. Bearing plate; 105. Transmission gear; 106. Large scale gear; 107. Small scale gear; 108. Rack; 109. Return spring; 110. Small scale pointer; 111. Large scale pointer; 112. Long slot; 113. Stop cap; 2. Fixing plate; 3. Locking assembly; 31. Fixing rod; 32. Compression nut; 33. Sleeve; 34. Angled cut; 4. Reference positioning block; 41. V-shaped positioning surface; 42. Guide groove; 5. Housing; 51. Weld. Detailed Implementation

[0025] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solution of this utility model, the preferred embodiments of this utility model are described below in conjunction with specific examples. However, it should be understood that the accompanying drawings are for illustrative purposes only and should not be construed as limiting the present utility model. For better illustration of this embodiment, some components in the drawings may be omitted, enlarged, or reduced, and do not represent the actual product dimensions. For those skilled in the art, the omission of certain well-known structures and their descriptions in the drawings is understandable. The positional relationships described in the drawings are for illustrative purposes only and should not be construed as limiting the present utility model.

[0026] like Figure 2 As shown, an engine housing weld misalignment detection device according to this embodiment includes a height detection unit 1, a fixing plate 2, a locking assembly 3, and a reference positioning block 4.

[0027] In some embodiments, such as Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the height detection unit 1 is used to contact the surface of the housing 5 and detect height changes. The height detection unit 1 includes a measuring rod 11 and a dial indicator 12. The bottom of the dial indicator 12 is provided with a guide sleeve 13, which is rigidly connected to the fixed plate 2 through a locking assembly 3. The dial indicator 101 of the dial indicator 12 passes through the guide sleeve 13, and the bottom end of the dial indicator 101 is threadedly connected to the measuring rod 11 that passes through the fixed plate 2. The vertical displacement of the measuring rod 11 drives the dial indicator 12 pointer to change. The measuring rod 11 is made of metal and has undergone surface treatment, making the surface very wear-resistant and ensuring long-term accuracy.

[0028] Specifically, the dial indicator 12 includes a bezel 102, a dial 103, a support plate 104, a dial rod 101, a transmission gear 105, a large-scale gear 106, and a small-scale gear 107. The dial rod 101 passes through the bezel 102. The dial 103 and the support plate 104 are both located within the bezel 102. The transmission gear 105, the small-scale gear 107, and the large-scale gear 106 are all mounted on the support plate 104 via a rotating shaft. The dial rod 101... A rack 108 is provided along the axial direction on dial 101. The rack 108 meshes with a transmission gear 105, which in turn meshes with a small-scale gear 107. The small-scale gear 107 meshes with a large-scale gear 106. A return spring 109 is connected to the dial 101, and the other end of the return spring 109 is connected to the inner wall of the lower end of the bezel 102. A small-scale pointer 110 and a large-scale pointer 111 are respectively provided on the dial 103. After the measurement is completed, the return spring 109 automatically pulls the dial 101 back to the initial position, eliminating the need for manual calibration and shortening the time required for a single test.

[0029] Furthermore, an elongated slot 112 is formed along the axial direction on the dial rod 101, and the rotating shaft on the small scale gear 107 passes through the elongated slot 112.

[0030] Furthermore, a cap 113 is provided at the top of the stem 101. The cap 113 can prevent dust from entering the interior of the dial 103.

[0031] Furthermore, the pointer-type dial indicator 12 is a measuring tool that uses the rotation of a high-precision rack 108 and gears to convert the linear displacement of the measuring rod 11 into the angular displacement of the pointer. When measuring an object, the minute changes in the measured dimension in the linear direction are amplified through the transmission of the gears and rack 108 and reflected in the rotation of the pointer of the dial indicator 12, thereby displaying the reading on the dial 103. The specific transmission process is as follows: When the object being measured is raised by the measuring rod 11, the shaft gear meshing with the measuring rod 11 will rotate, thereby driving the transmission gear 105 coaxial with the shaft gear. The transmission gear 105 meshes with the small scale gear 107 of the small scale pointer 110, thereby driving the small scale gear 107 to rotate. The small scale gear 107 meshes with the large scale gear 106, driving the large scale gear 106 to rotate. This is reflected on the dial 103 as the pointer rotating. This device uses a dial indicator 12 with an accuracy of 0.01mm and a range of 0 to 30mm. The scale of the dial 103 is divided into 100 equal parts. When the pointer rotates one revolution, the measuring rod 11 is raised by 1mm. Therefore, one division on the dial 103 represents 0.01mm.

[0032] In some embodiments, to ensure that the dial indicator 12 remains fixed in both the horizontal and vertical directions, the dial indicator 12 is locked and fixed to the fixing plate 2 by the locking assembly 3. For example... Figure 5As shown, the locking assembly 3 includes a fixing rod 31, a clamping nut 32, and a retaining sleeve 33. The bottom of the fixing rod 31 is connected to a threaded hole on the fixing plate 2 via a threaded connection. Part of the retaining sleeve 33 is embedded in the oblique cut 34 at the top of the fixing rod 31, and the other part protrudes outside the top of the fixing rod 31. A guide sleeve 13 passes through the retaining sleeve 33. The clamping nut 32 is sleeved on the top of the fixing rod 31 and threadedly connected to it. The clamping nut 32 is used to press the retaining sleeve 33 downward and squeeze and fix the guide sleeve 13.

[0033] Furthermore, the ferrule 33 is thicker in the middle and thinner at both ends. The ferrule 33 (thicker in the middle and thinner at both ends) engages with the tapered surface of the oblique cut 34 of the fixing rod 31. When the clamping nut 32 is tightened, the ferrule 33 undergoes radial contraction deformation, rigidly locking the guide sleeve 13. Compared to the traditional bolt-plate structure, this design eliminates the axial movement of the dial indicator 12 during measurement, ensuring that the displacement of the measuring rod 11 is completely converted into the movement of the indicator rod 101.

[0034] In some embodiments, such as Figure 7 As shown, to ensure the stability of the reference block without wobbling, the bottom of the reference positioning block 4 is provided with a V-shaped positioning surface that fits against the outer circle of the housing 5. The V-shaped positioning surface is tangent to the outer circle of the housing 5, which can ensure that the reference block is stable on the housing 5 without wobbling, and ultimately ensure the accuracy of the measurement value. The included angle of the V-shaped positioning surface is 120°.

[0035] Furthermore, such as Figure 7 As shown, to ensure the smooth horizontal movement of the fixed plate 2 equipped with dial indicator 12, an axial guide groove 42 is provided on the top of the reference positioning block 4. The fixed plate 2 is slidably installed in the guide groove 42 of the reference positioning block 4. The guide groove 42 restricts the movement of the fixed plate 2 along the circumferential direction of the housing 5, ensuring that the fixed plate 2 moves smoothly along the axial direction of the housing 5. The width of the guide groove 42 is only 0.3mm larger than the width of the fixed plate 2, ensuring that the fixed plate 2 moves stably along the axial direction of the housing 5 when measurement misalignment occurs, with a small deviation along the axial direction of the housing 5, thereby ensuring measurement accuracy.

[0036] The usage process of this utility model engine housing weld misalignment detection device is as follows: 1) First, place the reference positioning block 4 on the outer circular surface of the housing 5 (see...). Figure 7 ), near the circumferential weld 51, keep the reference positioning block 4 from shaking.

[0037] 2) The measuring rod 11 and the dial indicator 12 are connected by threads. When the measuring rod 11 moves on the surface of the housing 5, the pointer of the dial indicator 12 changes accordingly. The dial indicator 12, to which the measuring rod 11 is attached, is connected to the fixing plate 2 through the fixing rod 31, the clamping nut 32, and the clamping sleeve 33 (see...). Figure 6 This ensures that dial indicator 12 remains stable in both horizontal and vertical directions during the measurement process.

[0038] 3) Place the fixed plate 2 with dial indicator 12 in the guide groove 42, and slowly move the fixed plate 2 along the axis of the shell 5. Observe the changes in the value on dial indicator 12. Ensure that the measuring rod 11 moves slowly and steadily from one side of weld 51 to the other side of weld 51. Record the changes in the value on dial indicator 12 during the movement. The difference between the maximum and minimum recorded values ​​is the misalignment value of the circumferential weld 51.

[0039] Specifically, select one side of weld 51 as the starting position, rotate the dial indicator 102 to zero the dial indicator 12 reading, slowly move the fixed plate 2, and slowly move the measuring rod 11 of the dial indicator 12 from one side of weld 51 to the other side of weld 51. At this time, record the reading on the dial indicator 12 as K. If the pointer of the dial indicator 12 rotates clockwise during the movement, then K / 100 is the misalignment value of weld 51. If the dial indicator 12 rotates counterclockwise during the movement, then the misalignment value of weld 51 is (100-K) / 100.

[0040] Based on the description and drawings of this utility model, those skilled in the art can easily manufacture or use the weld misalignment detection device for engine housing according to this utility model, and can achieve the positive effects described in this utility model.

[0041] Unless otherwise specified, in this utility model, terms such as "length," "width," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," and "circumferential" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, the terms used to describe orientation or positional relationships in this utility model are for illustrative purposes only and should not be construed as limiting this utility model. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms can be understood in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and according to the specific circumstances.

[0042] Unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "set up," "connected," and "linked" in this utility model should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model based on the specific circumstances.

[0043] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the present utility model in any way. Any simple modifications or equivalent changes made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present utility model shall fall within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A device for detecting weld misalignment in an engine housing, characterized in that, include: A height detection unit (1) is used to contact the surface of the housing (5) and detect height changes; The fixed plate (2) is rigidly connected to the height detection unit (1); Locking assembly (3) is used to lock the relative position of the height detection unit (1) and the fixing plate (2); The reference positioning block (4) has a V-shaped positioning surface (41) at its bottom that fits against the outer circle of the housing (5) and an axial guide groove (42) at its top. The fixing plate (2) is slidably installed in the guide groove (42) of the reference positioning block (4) and moves axially along the housing (5).

2. The engine housing weld misalignment detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The height detection unit (1) includes a measuring rod (11) and a dial indicator (12). The bottom of the dial indicator (12) is provided with a guide sleeve (13). The guide sleeve (13) is rigidly connected to the fixed plate (2) through a locking assembly (3). The rod (101) of the dial indicator (12) passes through the guide sleeve (13). The bottom end of the rod (101) is connected to the measuring rod (11) that passes through the fixed plate (2) through a thread. The vertical displacement of the measuring rod (11) drives the rod (101) to drive the pointer of the dial indicator (12) to change.

3. The engine housing weld misalignment detection device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The locking assembly (3) includes a fixing rod (31), a clamping nut (32), and a retainer (33). The bottom of the fixing rod (31) is threadedly connected to the threaded hole on the fixing plate (2). Part of the retainer (33) is embedded in the oblique cut (34) at the top of the fixing rod (31), and the other part protrudes outside the top of the fixing rod (31). The guide sleeve (13) passes through the retainer (33). The clamping nut (32) is sleeved on the top of the fixing rod (31) and threadedly connected to it. The clamping nut (32) is used to press down on the retainer (33) and squeeze and fix the guide sleeve (13).

4. The engine housing weld misalignment detection device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The card sleeve (33) is thick in the middle and thin at both ends.

5. The engine housing weld misalignment detection device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The dial indicator (12) includes a stem (101), a bezel (102), a dial (103), a support plate (104), a transmission gear (105), a large-scale gear (106), and a small-scale gear (107). The stem (101) passes through the bezel (102). The dial (103) and the support plate (104) are both located within the bezel (102). The transmission gear (105), the small-scale gear (107), and the large-scale gear (106) are all mounted on the support plate (104) via a rotating shaft. (101) has a rack (108) along the axial direction. The rack (108) meshes with the transmission gear (105). The transmission gear (105) meshes with the small scale gear (107). The small scale gear (107) meshes with the large scale gear (106). A return spring (109) is connected to the stem (101). The other end of the return spring (109) is connected to the inner wall of the lower end of the bezel (102). The dial (103) has a small scale pointer (110) and a large scale pointer (111).

6. The engine housing weld misalignment detection device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The dial rod (101) has an axially spaced long slot (112), and the shaft of the small scale gear (107) passes through the long slot (112).

7. The engine housing weld misalignment detection device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The top of the gauge rod (101) is provided with a stop cap (113).

8. The engine housing weld misalignment detection device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The dial indicator (12) has an accuracy of 0.01 mm and a range of 0 to 30 mm.

9. The engine housing weld misalignment detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The V-shaped positioning surface of the reference positioning block (4) is tangent to the outer circle of the shell (5), and the width of its guide groove (42) is 0.1–0.5 mm larger than the width of the fixing plate (2).

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