A device for monitoring the flux of greenhouse gas release at a sediment-water interface

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of sediment-water interface greenhouse gas release flux's monitoring devices, including device column, inverted funnel, thermometer, empty box barograph, solenoid valve, small fan, camera, gas sampling syringe, aluminum foil gas collection bag, gas sampling tube, upper cover, base and counterweight ring;Device column is fixedly connected with base;Device column is hollow inside, top opening, upper cover is sealed and closed in top opening place;Empty box barograph, small fan, camera are all connected in upper cover inner bottom surface;Gas sampling tube lower end passes through upper cover and extends into device column, gas sampling tube upper end is connected with three-way valve, one end of three-way valve is connected with gas sampling syringe, the other end of three-way valve is connected with aluminum foil gas collection bag;Thermometer is installed in device column inside surface, device column bottom opening is sealedly connected with the large mouth end of inverted funnel, the small mouth end of inverted funnel is connected with solenoid valve;The bottom of device column is equipped with a pair of fixed rod.The utility model can improve the accuracy of river monitoring.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the technical field of greenhouse gas emission monitoring devices, and in particular to a monitoring device for greenhouse gas release flux at the sediment-water interface. Background Technology

[0002] Freshwater ecosystems are crucial sites for global carbon and nitrogen cycles and significant sources of atmospheric greenhouse gases. Sediments, rich in organic and inorganic matter and serving as both aerobic and anaerobic reaction zones with vibrant microbial activity, are a vital component of greenhouse gas emission fluxes from freshwater ecosystems, particularly major methane-producing areas. Therefore, clarifying the greenhouse gas emission fluxes from sediments is essential for assessing the role of freshwater ecosystems in global warming.

[0003] Currently, most methods for monitoring greenhouse gas emission fluxes at the sediment-water interface use the gradient method. This method measures the vertical concentration gradient of dissolved gases in the water body and, combined with the diffusion coefficient, calculates the migration flux of gases from sediments to surface water. While this method directly reflects molecular diffusion fluxes, it neglects the contribution of bubbling releases and the influence of turbulent processes. It is primarily used for still water studies, but exhibits significant errors when monitoring river emission fluxes. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a monitoring device for greenhouse gas emission flux at the sediment-water interface, which aims to solve the problem of large errors in the existing gradient method when monitoring greenhouse gas emission flux at the river sediment-water interface, thereby providing a monitoring device that is more suitable for river scenarios.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution:

[0006] A monitoring device for greenhouse gas emission fluxes at the sediment-water interface includes a column, an inverted funnel, a thermometer, an aneroid barometer, a solenoid valve, a small fan, a camera, a gas sampling syringe, an aluminum foil gas collection bag, a gas sampling tube, a top cover, a base, and a counterweight ring. The column is fixedly connected to the base. The column is hollow inside with an opening at the top, and the top cover is sealed to the opening. The aneroid barometer, small fan, and camera are all detachably connected to the bottom surface inside the top cover. The lower end of the gas sampling tube passes through the top cover and extends into the column. The upper end of the gas sampling tube is fixedly connected to the inlet of a three-way valve. One outlet of the three-way valve is fixedly connected to the gas sampling syringe, and the other outlet is fixedly connected to the aluminum foil gas collection bag. The connection between the gas sampling tube and the top cover is filled with sealant. A thermometer is fixedly installed on the inner side of the column. The bottom of the column is open and sealed to the large opening of the inverted funnel. The small opening of the inverted funnel is fixedly connected to the solenoid valve. A pair of vertical fixing rods are provided at the bottom of the column.

[0007] Furthermore, the fixing rod is a tapered rod that is wider at the top and narrower at the bottom.

[0008] Furthermore, a counterweight bearing area is provided on the upper surface of the base, and the counterweight ring can be sleeved on the upper surface of the base along the axial direction of the device column.

[0009] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are mainly reflected in the following aspects:

[0010] 1. Improve the accuracy of river monitoring: It can simultaneously capture molecular diffusion flux and bubbling release flux, avoiding the underestimation of results caused by ignoring bubbling in the gradient method, and more closely reflects the actual situation of gas release in rivers.

[0011] 2. Enhanced adaptability to dynamic river environments: The device structure can be designed to address the characteristics of river flow disturbances and unstable sediment, avoiding sampling failures or data distortion caused by water flow impact. It supports in-situ monitoring, eliminating the need for frequent manual intervention, and is suitable for scenarios in river environments where it is difficult to fix sampling points and where manual operation is inconvenient, thereby improving monitoring efficiency.

[0012] 3. Expanding Monitoring Scenarios and Data Value: Not only applicable to rivers, but also other dynamic water bodies (such as streams and estuaries), overcoming the limitation of gradient methods being only used in still water, providing a reliable tool for comparative studies of greenhouse gas fluxes in different water bodies. More accurate monitoring data can provide a more scientific basis for analyzing river carbon cycles and assessing greenhouse gas emission inventories, thus contributing to ecological and environmental research and policy formulation. Attached Figure Description

[0013] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of this utility model;

[0014] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the external structure of this utility model.

[0015] In the diagram, the following labels are used: 1. Device column; 2. Inverted funnel; 3. Thermometer; 4. Empty box pressure gauge; 5. Solenoid valve; 6. Fan; 7. Camera; 8. Gas sampling syringe; 9. Three-way valve; 10. Aluminum foil gas collection bag; 11. Gas sampling pipe; 12. Top cover; 13. Solenoid valve switch; 14. Fixing rod; 15. Base; 16. Counterweight ring. Detailed Implementation

[0016] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0017] Please see Figure 1-2 A monitoring device for greenhouse gas emission flux at the sediment-water interface includes a device column 1, an inverted funnel 2, a thermometer 3, an aneroid barometer 4, a solenoid valve 5, a small fan 6, a camera 7, a gas sampling syringe 8, an aluminum foil gas collection bag 10, a gas sampling pipe 11, a top cover 12, a base 15, and a counterweight ring 16. The device column 1 is fixedly connected to the base 15. The device column 1 is hollow inside with an opening at the top, and the top cover 12 is sealed to the top opening. The aneroid barometer 4, the small fan 6, and the camera 7 are all detachably connected to the bottom surface inside the top cover 12. The gas sampling pipe 11 is located below... The end of the gas sampling pipe 11 extends through the top cover 12 into the device column 1. The upper end of the gas sampling pipe 11 is fixedly connected to the inlet end of the three-way valve 9. One outlet end of the three-way valve 9 is fixedly connected to the gas sampling syringe 8, and the other outlet end of the three-way valve 9 is fixedly connected to the aluminum foil gas collection bag 10. The connection between the gas sampling pipe 11 and the top cover 12 is filled with sealant. A thermometer 3 is fixedly installed on the inner side of the device column 1. The bottom of the device column 1 is open and sealed to the large end of the inverted funnel 2. The small end of the inverted funnel 2 is fixedly connected to the solenoid valve 5. A pair of vertical fixing rods 14 are provided at the bottom of the device column 1.

[0018] The fixing rod 14 is a tapered rod, wider at the top and narrower at the bottom, ensuring that it can be easily inserted into the sediment and enhancing the installation stability of the device column 1. The upper surface of the base 15 has a counterweight bearing area, and the counterweight ring 16 can be fitted onto the upper surface of the base 15 along the axial direction of the device column 1. This device is equipped with multiple counterweight rings 16 of uniform specifications, allowing users to selectively assemble them according to their actual needs to adapt to balance adjustment requirements in different scenarios.

[0019] During gas collection: First, disconnect the power supply to solenoid valve 5 via solenoid valve switch 13, slowly lower the device column 1 into the water, and insert the sharp bottom part of the fixing rod 14 into the sediment. Adjust the left and right tilt angles of the device, and add a counterweight ring 16 to keep it stable according to the device's condition. Then, connect the power supply to solenoid valve 5 via solenoid valve switch 13 to automatically open the valve and begin collecting greenhouse gases for 30 minutes. During this process, monitor the internal condition of the device in real time via camera 7. After gas collection is completed, disconnect the power supply to solenoid valve 5, slowly pull the device column 1 out of the water, remove the counterweight ring 16, and record indicators such as temperature and air pressure. Turn on fan 6 and run it continuously for 10 seconds to ensure uniform mixing of the air inside the device. Rotate the three-way valve 9 to connect the gas collection pipe 11 with the device column 1, use the gas collection syringe 8 to collect the air inside the device, and then inject the gas from the gas collection syringe 8 into the pre-vacuumed aluminum foil gas collection bag 10 and seal it. Finally, use gas chromatography to determine the concentration of greenhouse gases in the aluminum foil gas collection bag 10 and calculate the release flux using the formula.

[0020] The calculation formula is: F=(dc / dt)·(M / V0)·(P / P0)·(T0 / T)·(V / A)·60

[0021] In the formula, F represents the greenhouse gas release flux at the water-air interface, in mg / (m³). 2 ·h); (dc / dt) is the rate of change of gas concentration in the float box with time, L / (m 3 ·h); M is the molar mass of the gas being measured, g / mol; V0 is the molar volume of the gas being measured under standard conditions, 22.414 L / mol; P is the actual gas pressure inside the static chamber, Pa; P0 is the gas pressure under standard conditions, 101325 Pa; K0 is the absolute temperature under standard conditions, 273.15 K; V is the net volume inside the static chamber, m³ / h. 3 A represents the area covered by the pontoon on the water surface, in meters. 2 ;60 is the conversion factor between minutes and hours.

[0022] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that this invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that it can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of this invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered illustrative and non-limiting in all respects, and the scope of this invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description. Thus, it is intended that all variations falling within the meaning and scope of equivalents of the claims be included within this invention. No reference numerals in the claims should be construed as limiting the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A device for monitoring greenhouse gas emission fluxes at the sediment-water interface, characterized in that: The device includes a column (1), an inverted funnel (2), a thermometer (3), an empty box barometer (4), a solenoid valve (5), a small fan (6), a camera (7), a gas collection syringe (8), an aluminum foil gas collection bag (10), a gas collection tube (11), a top cover (12), a base (15), and a counterweight ring (16). The column (1) is fixedly connected to the base (15). The column (1) is hollow inside with an opening at the top, and the top cover (12) seals the top opening. The empty box barometer (4), the small fan (6), and the camera (7) are all detachably connected to the bottom surface inside the top cover (12). The lower end of the gas collection tube (11) passes through the top cover (12) and extends into the device. Inside the column (1), the upper end of the gas sampling pipe (11) is fixedly connected to the inlet end of the three-way valve (9), one outlet end of the three-way valve (9) is fixedly connected to the gas sampling syringe (8), and the other outlet end of the three-way valve (9) is fixedly connected to the aluminum foil gas collection bag (10); the connection between the gas sampling pipe (11) and the upper cover (12) is filled with sealant; a thermometer (3) is fixedly installed on the inner side of the device column (1), the bottom of the device column (1) is open and sealed to the large end of the inverted funnel (2), and the small end of the inverted funnel (2) is fixedly connected to the solenoid valve (5); a pair of vertical fixing rods (14) are provided at the bottom of the device column (1).

2. The monitoring device for greenhouse gas emission flux at the sediment-water interface according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fixing rod (14) is a tapered rod that is larger at the top and smaller at the bottom.

3. The monitoring device for greenhouse gas emission flux at the sediment-water interface according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper surface of the base (15) is provided with a counterweight bearing area, and the counterweight ring (16) can be sleeved on the upper surface of the base (15) along the axial direction of the device column (1).

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