Myopia prevention and control lens and myopia glasses

Abstract

The utility model relates to a kind of myopia prevention and control lens and myopia glasses, and myopia prevention and control lens includes lens body, and at least one surface of the front surface and rear surface of lens body is formed by base surface profile superposition surface topological structure;From the center of lens body to the direction of rim, there is center area, first annular region, second annular region and third annular region in turn;Surface topological structure includes several first convex peak, and first convex peak is arranged in honeycomb array in the area outside center area;The height of first convex peak located in first annular region, second annular region and third annular region increases in turn, and the width of first annular region, second annular region and third annular region increases in turn.The utility model can effectively inhibit axial growth, and reach the effect of delaying myopia progression.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of optical lens technology, and in particular to a myopia control lens and myopia glasses. Background Technology

[0002] Myopia is a common vision problem, a type of refractive error (abnormal refraction of light by the eye). It mainly manifests as blurred vision for distant objects, but relatively clear vision for near objects. High-risk groups for myopia include teenagers and those who work long hours doing close-up work. Wearing glasses is one of the most common methods for correcting myopia.

[0003] Currently, single-vision glasses (i.e., monofocal lenses) are commonly used for myopia correction. However, research indicates that using traditional single-vision glasses may, to some extent, accelerate the progression of myopia in children and adolescents. Single-vision lenses primarily correct central vision but neglect image modulation on the peripheral retina. According to the "peripheral defocus theory," while correcting central vision, single-vision glasses may cause distant objects to form relatively clear images on the peripheral retina, but these images fall behind the retina, resulting in hyperopic defocus, such as... Figure 1 As shown, light rays from the peripheral visual axis, after passing through lens 100, typically focus at a position behind the retina 130, i.e., focal point 140, due to their mismatch with the central curvature structure. This defocus is thought to activate the neurophysiological mechanisms of eye growth, promoting axial elongation and ultimately exacerbating the development of myopia. This mechanism may have a more significant impact, especially in children whose eyes are still developing.

[0004] In the field of myopia control, a common practice is to divide the lens structure into at least two regions or optical elements with different refractive powers, with the central region dedicated to correcting the patient's central visual acuity refractive error. However, in actual use, especially during near work or downward nasal fixation, this central region struggles to provide a positive diopter signal in the peripheral visual field. This design limits the continuity and stability of the positive defocus signal across the entire visual field, thus affecting the effectiveness of myopia control interventions. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a myopia control lens and myopia glasses, which, in addition to correcting central refractive errors, can also provide continuous and stable hyperopic defocus stimulation to the retina within a wide field of view, thereby effectively inhibiting excessive elongation of the axial length and achieving the goal of delaying the progression of myopia.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model discloses a myopia control lens, which includes a lens body having a front surface and a rear surface. At least one of the front and rear surfaces is formed by superimposing a surface topology structure on a base surface contour. A central region, a first annular region, a second annular region, and a third annular region are sequentially provided from the center of the lens body to the edge. The surface topology structure includes a plurality of first convex peaks, which are arranged in an array outside the central region. The height of the first convex peak located in the first annular region is H1, the height of the first convex peak located in the second annular region is H2, and the height of the first convex peak located in the third annular region is H3. The width of the first annular region is W1, the width of the second annular region is W2, and the width of the third annular region is W3. Then: H1 < H2 < H3, W1 < W2 < W3.

[0007] Preferably, the radius of the central region is 2-3 mm, W1 = 2-3 mm, W2 = 4-6 mm, and W3 = 25-28 mm.

[0008] Preferably, 0 < H1 ≤ 0.2, 0.2 < H2 ≤ 0.4, 0.6 < H2 ≤ 0.8, and the units of H1, H2 and H3 are all mm.

[0009] Preferably, the first convex peaks are arranged in a honeycomb array.

[0010] Preferably, the surface topology further includes several second peaks, and within the third annular region, a second peak is positioned between each pair of adjacent first peaks, the height of the second peak being less than the height of its adjacent first peak. The placement of the second peaks can assist in defocusing.

[0011] Preferably, the cross-sectional area of ​​the first peak decreases from the bottom to the top; the cross-sectional area of ​​the second peak decreases from the bottom to the top; and both the first and second peaks are centrally symmetrical structures.

[0012] Preferably, the surface topology is defined by discrete cosine transform coefficients; the formula for the discrete cosine transform coefficients is as follows:

[0013]

[0014] in:

[0015] M and N represent the number of cosine basis functions used in the x and y directions, respectively;

[0016] C m,n denoted by .

[0017] Preferably, the base surface profiles of the front and rear surfaces of the lens body conform to the following formula:

[0018]

[0019] in:

[0020] Z 基弧 The height of the lens body surface along the optical axis is taken as the reference axis z.

[0021] r is the radial distance, which is the horizontal distance from the optical axis to any point on the surface of the lens body;

[0022] c is the curvature, c = 1 / R, and R is the radius of curvature at the vertex of the lens body;

[0023] k is the eccentricity constant, used to describe the surface shape: when k = 0, it is a sphere; when k ≠ 0, it is an aspherical surface.

[0024] This utility model also discloses a pair of myopia glasses, which includes the aforementioned myopia control lenses.

[0025] This utility model has the following beneficial effects:

[0026] 1. This invention superimposes a surface topology structure onto the base contour of the lens body, thereby providing a smooth, seamless refractive power transition across the entire field of view. Specifically, while achieving central refractive error correction, this structure introduces a continuously varying positive power signal in the peripheral area. While maintaining clear central imaging, it provides continuous and stable hyperopic defocus stimulation to the retina over a wide visual range. This defocus signal can effectively inhibit excessive elongation of the axial length, thus slowing down the progression of myopia. This gradual defocus design is particularly suitable for adolescents in the period of eye development.

[0027] 2. Since the optical surface used in this utility model is spatially continuous and without phase jump, it avoids the visual interference problem that may be caused by abrupt changes in refractive power in traditional multi-region design, further improving the wearer's subjective visual experience and wearing comfort, and is especially suitable for long-term daily wear.

[0028] 3. The surface topology is constructed using Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT) coefficients. Unlike traditional Fourier series, DCT uses only cosine functions as orthogonal bases, enabling it to more efficiently describe surface morphologies with axisymmetric and smooth transition characteristics. By adjusting the combination and amplitude distribution of DCT coefficients, surface optical functional regions for myopia control can be flexibly constructed.

[0029] 4. The DCT structural parameters possess excellent controllability and mathematical regularity, making them suitable for introduction as variables into numerical optimization processes. By adjusting the DCT frequency components, aberration control, focal point distribution, and manufacturing tolerances can be further optimized while meeting refractive correction requirements, thus adapting to multi-objective optical design processes. Furthermore, the DCT structure is naturally compatible with CNC machining and freeform surface forming technologies, exhibiting good manufacturing feasibility and mass production stability, making it suitable for large-scale application. Attached Figure Description

[0030] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of light focusing using a traditional lens.

[0031] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the light focusing of the myopia control lens of this utility model.

[0032] Figure 3 The two-dimensional coefficient matrix C of this utility model m,n Frequency distribution diagram.

[0033] Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional view of the myopia control lens of this utility model.

[0034] Figure 5 for Figure 4 Enlarged schematic diagram of part A in the middle.

[0035] Figure 6 for Figure 4 Enlarged schematic diagram of section B.

[0036] Figure 7 This is a front view of the myopia control lens of this utility model. Detailed Implementation

[0037] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this utility model clearer, the present utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0038] Example 1

[0039] This utility model discloses a myopia control lens, which includes a lens body 200, the lens body 200 having a front surface 201 and a rear surface 202 respectively. Figure 2 As shown. The front surface 201 is the incident surface of light, and its curvature plays a preliminary role in refracting the direction of light during the incident phase; the rear surface 202 is the exit surface of light, and through further precise control of the refraction angle, the light rays refracted by the lens body 200 finally converge at the imaging position 220 where the retina 230 is located. Depending on the correction requirements of different refractive errors, these two surfaces can be designed as spherical or aspherical, thereby achieving personalized correction effects for different types of refractive errors (such as myopia, hyperopia, or astigmatism).

[0040] exist Figure 2 The coordinate system (x-axis, y-axis, z-axis) shown in the diagram is used to clearly describe the spatial distribution of the lens body 200 and the light propagation path. The z-axis extends along the optical axis, from the center of the lens body 200 towards the inner corner of the eye, ending at the retina 230, representing the principal direction of light propagation. The x-axis and y-axis are both perpendicular to the z-axis, corresponding to the horizontal and vertical cross-sections of the lens body 200, respectively, and are used to describe the geometric contours and symmetry characteristics of the lens body 200 in different directions. This three-dimensional coordinate system provides a standard spatial reference basis for the structural design and optical performance analysis of the lens body 200.

[0041] In this invention, at least one of the front and rear surfaces is formed by superimposing a wavy surface topology structure with a base surface profile. In this invention, the base surface profile of the lens body 200 refers to the overall shape of the lens with its basic curvature (i.e., the base arc of the lens). The base surface profile can be set as a spherical or aspherical surface (such as an ellipsoid, parabola, or hyperboloid, etc.) as needed.

[0042] Specifically, the base plane profiles of the front surface 201 and the rear surface 202 conform to the following formula (1):

[0043]

[0044] in:

[0045] Z 基弧 The height of the surface of the lens body 200 along the optical axis is taken as the reference axis z.

[0046] r is the radial distance, which is the horizontal distance from the optical axis to any point on the 200° surface of the lens body, r = √(x 2 +y 2 (Given)

[0047] c is the curvature, which is the reciprocal of the curvature of the 200 vertex of the lens body. c = 1 / R, where R is the radius of curvature of the 200 vertex of the lens body.

[0048] k is the eccentricity constant used to describe the surface shape: when k = 0, it is a sphere; when k ≠ 0, it is an aspherical surface. Different k values ​​can generate aspherical surfaces such as ellipsoids, parabolic surfaces, or hyperboloids.

[0049] The parameters of the front and back surfaces can be different. Substituting them into formula (1) will result in different base surface profiles of the front and back surfaces after calculation by the formula.

[0050] The wavy surface topology forms a smooth and continuous wavy structure radially from the center of the lens body 200 throughout the entire lens body 200. This continuous wavy surface topology is defined by a combination of Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT) coefficients to achieve coordinated control of central and peripheral refractive states, thereby effectively correcting visual acuity while controlling axial elongation and slowing myopia progression. Its form is shown in formula (2).

[0051]

[0052] in:

[0053] M and N represent the number of cosine basis functions used in the x and y directions, respectively, which are equivalent to the cutoff frequencies in the discrete cosine expansion and determine the maximum order of the expansion function and the spatial resolution of the surface representation.

[0054] C m,n The coefficients representing the m-th and n-th order discrete cosine basis functions are amplitude weights obtained by projecting the target surface height function Z(x,y) onto a two-dimensional cosine orthogonal basis. Each coefficient controls the contribution of a specific frequency component to the lens surface morphology.

[0055] like Figure 2 As shown, the design of the lens body 200 of this invention is based on the above equation, enabling effective axial correction and controlled off-axis defocus. When light passes through the central optical axis of the lens body 200, the light focuses at point 220, which precisely coincides with the retina 230, thereby ensuring accurate correction of on-axis refractive errors and providing the wearer with clear and stable central vision. This axial correction capability is crucial for visual activities requiring precise central focusing, such as reading and viewing objects at a distance, ensuring optimal visual clarity.

[0056] In contrast, when light passes through the peripheral region of the lens body 200, it travels along an off-axis path and focuses at point 240 in front of the retina 230. This design produces controlled peripheral myopic defocus, projecting the peripheral image in front of the retina 230. This peripheral defocus generates a biochemical signal that inhibits axial elongation of the eyeball, thus addressing a major factor contributing to myopia progression. Unlike conventional lenses that may introduce hyperopic defocus in the peripheral region, this lens design ensures that peripheral light helps slow, rather than exacerbates, myopia progression.

[0057] Overall, this lens design stabilizes central vision through precise axial correction while slowing myopia progression by providing therapeutic peripheral defocus. The lens's rotational symmetry characteristics, such as... Figure 2As shown in the coordinate system (x, y, z), this ensures that the lens has consistent optical performance across different meridians, meaning that the modulation of optical power remains consistent in different meridian directions. This balanced approach effectively combines vision correction and myopia control, providing a comprehensive solution for myopic patients, especially children and adolescents at high risk of myopia progression.

[0058] The present invention will be described in more detail below through the design and analysis of specific embodiments.

[0059] For a typical lens with a refractive index of 1.586 and an optical unit radius of 37.5 mm, according to formula (1), its front and rear surfaces are spherical, and the base arc curvatures can be 202.307 mm and 178.658 mm, respectively, with corresponding k values ​​of 0.59.

[0060] Based on this, C is defined according to the surface topology expression of formula (2). m,n Spectrum such Figure 3 As shown, it is the two-dimensional coefficient matrix C obtained by expanding according to the Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT). m,n Frequency distribution diagram. Figure 3 The horizontal and vertical axes correspond to the frequency indices of the DCT in the m and n directions, respectively, representing the frequency components of the waveform in the x and y spatial directions; the vertical axis represents the coefficient amplitude corresponding to each frequency component. This coefficient spectrum is highly sparse, with energy mainly concentrated in several low- and mid-frequency regions, indicating that the surface morphology of the lens changes gently in space and is mainly formed by a small number of basis functions.

[0061] It is noteworthy that significant peaks appear at low-order frequencies (near the origin) and around certain mid-order frequencies, indicating that the corresponding cosine basis functions play a dominant role in the overall surface model construction. This energy concentration means that the design not only possesses good compressibility, facilitating fabrication and simulation, but also provides potential space for parameter reduction in subsequent optimization calculations. Overall, Figure 3 The frequency spectrum shown verifies the efficiency and physical interpretability of DCT in lens profile modeling. The coefficients of the first 90% of the energy in this spectrum are shown in Table 1.

[0062] Table 1

[0063] Sort m n Coefficient (unit: mm) Energy ratio 1 1 1 -245.260 29.69％ 2 59 101 222.690 24.47％ 3 117 1 -148.750 10.92％ 4 117 201 -80.559 3.20％ 5 115 1 68.311 2.30％ 6 57 101 -65.114 2.09％ 7 3 3 61.905 1.89％ 8 1 3 55.192 1.50％ 9 3 1 54.749 1.48％ 10 175 101 52.794 1.38％ 11 233 1 -44.831 0.99％ 12 1 201 -44.666 0.98％ 13 231 1 42.665 0.90％ 14 59 103 -39.818 0.78％ 15 115 201 35.878 0.64％ 16 173 101 -35.831 0.63％ 17 119 3 35.172 0.61％ 18 61 99 -34.482 0.59％ 19 1 5 33.238 0.55％ 20 5 1 32.026 0.51％ 21 61 103 -31.916 0.50％ 22 117 3 30.243 0.45％ 23 59 99 -30.216 0.45％ 24 55 101 -28.624 0.40％ 25 113 1 24.949 0.31％ 26 5 7 -23.783 0.28％ 27 7 5 -23.198 0.27％ 28 57 99 -23.130 0.26％ 29 59 105 -22.342 0.25％ 30 5 5 -22.022 0.24％ 31 117 5 20.672 0.21％ 32 59 97 -20.298 0.20％ 33 113 3 -19.985 0.20％

[0064] As shown in Table 1, the energy distribution of the DCT spectral coefficients in the lens design proposed in this invention exhibits a highly concentrated characteristic. Specifically, as can be seen from Table 1, the first 33 frequency components contribute more than 90% of the total energy, with the first three coefficients ((1,1), (59,101), and (117,1)) accounting for approximately 65% ​​or more of the energy. This indicates that the lens surface shape is mainly formed by a small number of low- and mid-frequency cosine basis functions, exhibiting good sparsity and principal component compressibility. The dominant role of low-order components makes the overall surface morphology of the lens smooth and the refractive power transition continuous, which is beneficial to wearing comfort and imaging stability. The introduction of some mid-frequency components enhances the optical control capability of the peripheral area, realizing a gradual positive diopter signal and providing continuous and gentle hyperopic defocus stimulation to the peripheral retina.

[0065] Observing the frequency distribution, most high-energy coefficients are concentrated in the low m-low n or low m-high n regions, reflecting the consistency between the rotational symmetry and radial modulation characteristics of the lens structure. The alternating distribution of positive and negative values ​​in the Cm,n coefficients further enhances the axial symmetry of the surface shape and the controllability of the periodic undulation structure. This spectral structure not only helps to achieve a more physiologically natural visual stimulation pattern, but also significantly reduces the dependence on the processing precision of high-frequency structures, improving the manufacturing feasibility and stability in the mass production process of lenses.

[0066] like Figure 4-7 As shown, Figure 4 The three-dimensional wave array structure presented reveals the macroscopic topological morphology of the lens surface. The central region has a relatively flat morphology with slow changes in refractive power, while the concentric ring-shaped undulating structure that gradually transitions outward from the center indicates enhanced refractive modulation capability in the peripheral region. This structure is directly derived from a small combination of high-energy coefficients selected in the frequency domain, which, after inverse discrete cosine transform, forms a spatially continuous surface shape.

[0067] In terms of specific shape, the surface topological structure mainly includes several first convex peaks and several second convex peaks 2. The cross-sectional area of ​​the first convex peaks decreases from the bottom to the top, and the cross-sectional area of ​​the second convex peaks 2 also decreases from the bottom to the top. Both the first and second convex peaks 2 are centrosymmetric structures, similar to the positive half-wave of a sine wave. The height of the first convex peaks increases from the center of the lens body outwards. For ease of characterization, the surface area of ​​the lens body is divided. Specifically, from the center of the lens body to the edge, there are sequentially adjacent central region 3, first annular region 4, second annular region 5, and third annular region 6. The width of the first annular region 4 is W1, the width of the second annular region 5 is W2, and the width of the third annular region 6 is W3, where W1 < W2 < W3. More specifically, the radius R of the central region 3 is 2-3 mm, W1 = 2-3 mm, W2 = 4-6 mm, and W3 = 25-28 mm.

[0068] The first peaks are arranged in a honeycomb array outside the central region 3 (i.e., six first peaks are equally spaced around the periphery of any first peak, excluding the edges and center). The height of the first peak located in the first annular region 4 is H1, the height of the first peak located in the second annular region 5 is H2, and the height of the first peak located in the third annular region 6 is H3. Then H1 < H2 < H3. More specifically, 0 < H1 ≤ 0.2, 0.2 < H2 ≤ 0.4, and 0.6 < H2 ≤ 0.8. The units of H1, H2, and H3 are all mm. To facilitate the differentiation of the first peaks, the first peak located in the first annular region 4 is marked as 1a, the first peak located in the second annular region 5 is marked as 1b, and the first peak located in the third annular region 6 is marked as 1c. Within the third annular region 6, a second peak 2 is set between each pair of adjacent first peaks, meaning that the second peak 2 is set only within the third annular region. The height of the second peak 2 is less than the height of the first peak adjacent to it. The height of the second peak 2 located between the first peak 1a and the first peak 1b is less than the height of the first peak 1a (H1). Similarly, the height of the second peak 2 located between the first peak 1b and the first peak 1c is less than the height of the first peak 1b (H2).

[0069] These lenses, constructed from principal components of the spectral spectrum, possess excellent axial symmetry and highly controllable peripheral refractive distribution characteristics. While providing precise refractive correction in the central area, the periodic, slow undulations in the peripheral area create a continuous zone of positive diopter variation, thus generating intentionally designed myopic defocus during visual imaging. When the wearer gazes at a distant target or performs natural saccades, some light enters the eye through the peripheral area of ​​the lens, forming a forward focal point, thereby forming an image in front of the retina.

[0070] Furthermore, this peripheral defocus signal can be perceived by the retina and activates neuro-biochemical pathways related to eye growth regulation, thereby effectively inhibiting excessive elongation of the axial length. Compared to the potential focal length jumps and visual adaptation difficulties that may occur with traditional multi-zone defocus lenses, this continuous surface shape achieves a smooth transition of physiological stimulation while maintaining good image quality, which helps to improve wearing comfort and the long-term stability of myopia intervention.

[0071] Example 2

[0072] This utility model also discloses a myopia-prescription eyeglass, which includes the aforementioned myopia control lens. The design method of this myopia-prescription eyeglass involves calculating the base surface contours of the front and rear surfaces based on the myopia patient's prescription and the refractive index of the selected lens material, obtaining the overall contour of the lens body's base surface, and then superimposing a wavy surface topology structure on this overall contour to form the aforementioned myopia control lens. This method achieves precise correction of refractive errors while simultaneously generating controllable peripheral defocus signals by adjusting the optical characteristics of the lens's peripheral region, thus combining clear central vision with potential myopia control functions. This dual optical effect provides an innovative solution to the long-standing problem of correction and control in ophthalmology, possessing significant technological advancement and application value.

[0073] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model, but the protection scope of the present utility model is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present utility model should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A myopia control lens, characterized in that: The lens body includes a front surface and a rear surface, at least one of which is formed by superimposing a surface topology structure on a base surface profile. A central region, a first annular region, a second annular region, and a third annular region are sequentially provided from the center to the edge of the lens body. The surface topology structure includes a plurality of first convex peaks, which are arranged in an array outside the central region. The height of the first convex peak located in the first annular region is H1, the height of the first convex peak located in the second annular region is H2, and the height of the first convex peak located in the third annular region is H3. The width of the first annular region is W1, the width of the second annular region is W2, and the width of the third annular region is W3. Therefore, H1 < H2 < H3, and W1 < W2 < W3.

2. The myopia control lens according to claim 1, characterized in that: The radius of the central region is 2-3 mm, W1 = 2-3 mm, W2 = 4-6 mm, and W3 = 25-28 mm.

3. The myopia control lens according to claim 1, characterized in that: 0 < H1 ≤ 0.2, 0.2 < H2 ≤ 0.4, 0.6 < H2 ≤ 0.8, and the units of H1, H2 and H3 are all mm.

4. The myopia control lens according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first convex peak is arranged in a honeycomb array.

5. The myopia control lens according to claim 1, characterized in that: The surface topology also includes several second peaks, and within the third annular region, a second peak is provided between each pair of adjacent first peaks, the height of the second peak being less than the height of the first peak adjacent to it.

6. The myopia control lens according to claim 5, characterized in that: The cross-sectional area of ​​the first peak decreases from the bottom to the top; the cross-sectional area of ​​the second peak decreases from the bottom to the top; both the first and second peaks are centrally symmetrical structures.

7. The myopia control lens according to claim 5, characterized in that: The surface topology is defined by discrete cosine transform coefficients; the formula for the discrete cosine transform coefficients is as follows: in: M and N represent the number of cosine basis functions used in the x and y directions, respectively; C m,n denoted by .

8. The myopia control lens according to claim 1, characterized in that: The base surface contours of the front and rear surfaces of the lens body conform to the following formula: in: Z 基弧 The height of the lens body surface along the optical axis is taken as the reference axis z. r is the radial distance, which is the horizontal distance from the optical axis to any point on the surface of the lens body; c is the curvature, c = 1 / R, and R is the radius of curvature at the vertex of the lens body; k is the eccentricity constant, used to describe the surface shape: when k = 0, it is a sphere; when k ≠ 0, it is an aspherical surface.

9. A pair of myopia glasses, characterized in that: Including the myopia control lens as described in any one of claims 1-8.

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