Serial RS-232 multi-routing and status indicating device

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of serial port RS-232 multiway routing and state indicating device, belong to serial communication technical field.The device includes power conditioning module, RS-232 level conversion module, microcontroller module and state indicating module;Microcontroller module is equipped with multiple groups of hardware serial ports, with RS-232 level conversion module electric connection to realize the intelligent routing and forwarding of data;Its general IO pin and the state indicating module consisting of driving transistor and luminous indicator are electrically connected, for driving luminous indicator to show data transceiving activity in real time.The utility model solves the problem that in the prior art, multiway RS-232 communication routing is complex, reliability is low and state is invisible, with the advantages of high integration, routing configuration is flexible, link state visualization monitoring can be realized, system reliability is high, and it is easy to troubleshoot on-site.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of serial communication technology, and in particular to a serial port RS-232 multi-channel routing and status indication device. Background Technology

[0002] RS-232, as a classic serial communication interface standard, has been widely used in industrial automation, data acquisition, and remote monitoring systems due to its simple protocol and stable reliability. In many industrial settings, a data acquisition device (such as a rain gauge or temperature and humidity sensor) needs to communicate with multiple data transmission units (DTUs) or monitoring hosts simultaneously to achieve primary / backup redundancy backup or multi-system distribution of data.

[0003] To meet this one-to-many communication requirement, a common approach is to use passive physical splitters. While this method is simple in structure, it can cause impedance mismatch and signal attenuation in the signal lines. In long-distance transmission or complex electromagnetic environments, the reliability of communication will decrease significantly, resulting in data packet loss or bit errors.

[0004] To address signal quality issues, another improvement is to equip each communication channel with an independent RS-232 level converter, and then connect the converted TTL level signals to a single microcontroller for data copying and forwarding. While this approach ensures the electrical performance of the signal, it increases the number of field devices and makes external wiring extremely cumbersome and complex. This not only increases the system's hardware costs and potential points of failure but also causes significant inconvenience for installation and subsequent maintenance.

[0005] Furthermore, regardless of the connection method used, there is a general lack of intuitive and convenient diagnostic tools when troubleshooting communication faults in industrial sites. When data communication is interrupted, maintenance personnel cannot quickly determine whether the sender failed to transmit data, the receiver failed to receive data, or there is a problem with the transmission line itself. Field personnel have to rely on multimeters, oscilloscopes, or specialized equipment such as portable computers for signal testing, which is time-consuming and labor-intensive, greatly reducing system maintenance efficiency.

[0006] Therefore, this utility model proposes a serial port RS-232 multi-path routing and status indication device to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art. To address this issue, a serial port RS-232 multi-path routing and status indication device is proposed. Utility Model Content

[0007] To overcome the above shortcomings, this utility model provides a serial port RS-232 multi-path routing and status indication device, which aims to improve the problems of low reliability caused by the complex structure, inconvenient assembly, single function and lack of intuitive status monitoring methods in the existing serial communication scheme.

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a serial port RS-232 multi-channel routing and status indication device, comprising: a power conditioning module, an RS-232 level conversion module and an external interface terminal module; as well as a microcontroller module and a status indication module.

[0009] The microcontroller module is equipped with at least two sets of hardware serial ports and general-purpose I / O pins, and the status indication module includes a driving transistor and an illumination indicator.

[0010] The TTL level transceiver terminal of the hardware serial port of the microcontroller module is electrically connected to the TTL level transceiver terminal of the RS-232 level conversion module. The general-purpose I / O pin of the microcontroller module is electrically connected to the control terminal of the driving transistor of the status indicator module. The output terminal of the driving transistor is used to control the on / off state of the light indicator.

[0011] Preferably, the power conditioning module includes a linear regulator, an EMI suppression element disposed at the input terminal of the linear regulator, and filter capacitors disposed at the input and output terminals of the linear regulator, respectively.

[0012] Preferably, the power conditioning module further includes a power indicator light, which is connected in series with a current-limiting resistor and connected to the output terminal of the linear regulator.

[0013] Preferably, the RS-232 level conversion module includes at least one level conversion chip with a charge pump, and the peripheral pins of the charge pump are connected to a charge pump capacitor.

[0014] Preferably, the driving transistor of the status indication module is an N-channel MOSFET, with its gate serving as the control terminal, its source grounded, and its drain serving as the output terminal.

[0015] Preferably, the gate of the N-channel MOSFET is also grounded through a gate pull-down resistor.

[0016] Preferably, the light indicator is connected in series with a current-limiting resistor between the drain of the N-channel MOSFET and the power supply.

[0017] Preferably, the external interface terminal module includes at least three independent RS-232 ports, which are respectively identified as the rain gauge port, the first data transmission unit port, and the second data transmission unit port.

[0018] This utility model has the following beneficial effects: 1. In this utility model, a microcontroller with at least two sets of hardware serial ports serves as the core processing unit. The TTL level transceiver terminals of its hardware serial ports are electrically connected to the TTL level transceiver terminals of the multi-channel RS-232 level conversion module, thereby realizing transparent data routing and forwarding between multiple RS-232 devices. This solves the problems of complex wiring, low reliability, and inflexible data flow configuration caused by the reliance on passive splitting or multiple independent converters for communication between multiple RS-232 devices in the prior art. It achieves the technical effects of integration, intelligent routing, and improved system flexibility.

[0019] 2. In this utility model, a status indicator module is set up. This module includes a driving transistor and a light-emitting indicator. The control terminal of the driving transistor is electrically connected to the general-purpose IO pin of the microcontroller module, and its output terminal is used to control the on / off state of the light-emitting indicator. This allows the microcontroller to drive the light-emitting indicator to light up or flash in real time when it detects data transmission or reception activity on the serial port. This solves the problem of lack of intuitive link status indication in industrial serial communication in the prior art, and achieves the technical effects of visual diagnosis, improved fault diagnosis efficiency and reduced maintenance costs.

[0020] 3. In this utility model, by integrating EMI suppression components, multi-stage filter capacitors, and linear regulators into the power conditioning module, a stable and clean power supply is provided for the microcontroller module and the RS-232 level conversion module. By connecting a charge pump capacitor in parallel to the charge pump pin of the RS-232 level conversion chip, the communication reliability problems that may be caused by unstable power supply and electromagnetic interference in industrial environments are solved, achieving the technical effects of stable power supply, strong anti-interference ability, and high system operation reliability. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the MCU control module of a serial port RS-232 multi-path routing and status indication device proposed in this utility model; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a 12V to 5V power supply module for a serial port RS-232 multi-channel routing and status indication device proposed in this utility model; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the external RS232 interface terminal portion of a serial port RS-232 multi-path routing and status indication device proposed in this utility model; Figure 4This is a schematic diagram of the signal indicator light on the RS232 communication line of the serial port RS-232 multi-path routing and status indication device proposed in this utility model; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of RS-232 interface level conversion for a serial port RS-232 multi-path routing and status indication device proposed in this utility model. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0023] Reference Figures 1-5 This utility model provides a serial port RS-232 multi-path routing and status indication device, which aims to solve the problems of lack of flexible configuration of data routing between industrial serial communication devices, difficulty in troubleshooting due to the lack of visibility of link status, and low reliability of traditional multi-path access schemes in the prior art.

[0024] This RS-232 serial port multi-channel routing and status indication device includes a power conditioning module and a microcontroller module electrically connected to the power conditioning module. The power conditioning module is used to regulate the external 12V DC power supply to 5V DC power supply, and to perform EMI suppression and filtering to provide a stable and clean operating voltage for the internal circuits of the device. The microcontroller module serves as the core processing unit of the device, and is used to realize serial data access, forwarding, routing control and status indication driving.

[0025] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the serial port RS-232 multi-channel routing and status indication device of this utility model also includes an RS-232 level conversion module, an external interface terminal module, and a status indication module. Furthermore, a specific electrical connection and signal control relationship is formed between the microcontroller module, the power conditioning module, the RS-232 level conversion module, and the status indication module.

[0026] The device includes at least two RS-232 level conversion modules. In one embodiment, the RS-232 level conversion modules are implemented by dual-channel RS-232 level conversion chips U2 and U3. The microcontroller module U1 has at least two sets of hardware serial ports. The TTL level transmitting and receiving terminals of the hardware serial ports of the microcontroller module U1 are electrically connected to the TTL level input and output terminals of the RS-232 level conversion chips U2 and U3, respectively. The RS-232 level input and output terminals of the RS-232 level conversion chips U2 and U3 are electrically connected to an external interface. The external interface terminal module includes at least three independent RS-232 ports: a rain gauge port H2, a first data transmission unit port H3, and a second data transmission unit port H4, for connecting to external devices. The charge pump circuit inside the RS-232 level conversion chips U2 and U3 converts the 5V DC power provided by the power conditioning module into the positive and negative voltages required for RS-232 levels through multiple external charge pump capacitors C9, C10, C11, C12, C13, C14, C15, and C16 connected to its charge pump pin.

[0027] The status indication module includes driving transistors Q5 and Q6 and an indicator LED3. In one embodiment, driving transistors Q5 and Q6 are N-channel MOSFETs. The general-purpose I / O pins of the microcontroller module U1 are used as control terminals and connected to the gate signals of the N-channel MOSFETs Q5 and Q6. The sources of the N-channel MOSFETs Q5 and Q6 are grounded, and their drains are used as output terminals. They are connected in series with the indicator LED3, then in series with a current-limiting resistor R4, and connected to the 5V power supply output by the power conditioning module, thus forming a low-side driving loop. The gates of the N-channel MOSFETs Q5 and Q6 are also grounded through a pull-down resistor R6 to ensure that the N-channel MOSFETs Q5 and Q6 are reliably turned off when the general-purpose I / O pins of the microcontroller module U1 are floating.

[0028] The internal program logic of the microcontroller module U1, the internal circuit structure of the RS-232 level conversion chips U2 and U3, and the internal structure of the linear regulator U4 in the power conditioning module are all implemented using technologies known in the art, and will not be described in detail here.

[0029] In a preferred embodiment, the power conditioning module includes a linear regulator U4, an EMI suppression component L1, filter capacitors C5 and C7, and a power indicator LED2. The input terminal of the linear regulator U4 is electrically connected to an external power supply, and its output terminal is used to provide a 5V operating voltage. The EMI suppression component L1 is connected in series in the input circuit of the linear regulator U4 to suppress high-frequency interference. The filter capacitors C5 and C7 are connected in parallel in the input and output terminals of the linear regulator U4, respectively. The power indicator LED2 is connected in series with a current-limiting resistor and then in parallel in the output terminal of the linear regulator U4.

[0030] As another preferred embodiment, the RS-232 level conversion module includes at least one level conversion chip U2, U3 with a charge pump. The external pins of the charge pump are electrically connected through multiple charge pump capacitors to generate the positive and negative voltages required for RS-232 communication.

[0031] In another preferred embodiment, the driving transistors are N-channel MOSFETs Q5 and Q6. The gates of the N-channel MOSFETs Q5 and Q6 are electrically connected to the general-purpose I / O pins of the microcontroller module U1, their sources are grounded, and their drains are electrically connected to one end of the light-emitting indicator LED3. The other end of the light-emitting indicator LED3 is connected to the power supply through the current-limiting resistor R4. Furthermore, the gates of the N-channel MOSFETs Q5 and Q6 are also grounded through the gate pull-down resistor R6.

[0032] As another preferred embodiment, the external interface terminal module includes at least three independent RS-232 ports, which are respectively silkscreened on the device housing as rain gauge port H2, first data transmission unit port H3 and second data transmission unit port H4.

[0033] Working Principle: When an external power supply is connected, the EMI suppression component L1 in the power conditioning module first filters out interference from the input current. Then, the filter capacitor C5 further filters the power supply. Afterwards, the linear regulator U4 stably steps down the 12V DC power supply to 5V DC power. The filter capacitor C7 and the decoupling capacitor smooth the output power supply, providing a stable and clean operating voltage for the microcontroller module U1, RS-232 level conversion chips U2 and U3, and the status indicator module. At this time, the power indicator LED2 remains constantly lit to indicate that the power is online. When the rain gauge port H2, the first data transmission unit port H3, or the second data transmission unit port H4 receives an RS-232 signal, the corresponding RS-232 level conversion chip U2 or U3 receives this RS-232 signal. Its internal charge pump circuit uses charge pump capacitors C9 to C16 to convert the RS-232 level to a TTL level signal and sends it to the microcontroller module. The firmware of microcontroller module U1 determines which target serial port the received TTL data stream should be forwarded to based on a preset routing policy or configuration. For example, it may forward data from rain gauge port H2 to DTU1 port H3 or DTU2 port H4, or perform master / slave switching or data synchronization between DTU1 and DTU2. Microcontroller module U1 then sends the TTL data to the target RS-232 level conversion chip U2 or U3 through the corresponding hardware serial port. This chip then converts the TTL level signal to an RS-232 level signal and outputs it through an external interface terminal module. During data transmission and reception, the firmware of microcontroller module U1 monitors the TX and RX activity of its hardware serial port in real time. When a data transmission or reception event is detected, the general-purpose IO pin of microcontroller module U1 (which serves as the control terminal for driving transistors Q5 and Q6) is pulled high, causing the corresponding N-channel MOSFET to... When Q5 or Q6 is turned on, current flows through the current-limiting resistor R4 and the LED3 indicator, causing it to light up or flash, thus intuitively displaying the real-time activity status of the data link. At the same time, the gate pull-down resistor R6 of the N-channel MOSFETs Q5 and Q6 ensures that the N-channel MOSFETs Q5 and Q6 are reliably turned off when the general-purpose IO pin is at a low level or floating state, avoiding malfunctions. Through the intelligent routing of the microcontroller module U1 and the multi-channel processing capabilities of the independent RS-232 level conversion chips U2 and U3, this invention effectively solves the problems of routing complexity, reliability, and link status visualization in existing technologies for multi-channel RS-232 communication, and greatly improves the integration and maintenance efficiency of industrial serial communication systems.

Claims

1. A serial port RS-232 multi-path routing and status indication device, comprising: Power conditioning module; RS-232 level conversion module; External interface terminal module; Its characteristic is that it further includes: The microcontroller module is provided with at least two sets of hardware serial ports and general-purpose I / O pins. The TTL level transceiver terminals of the at least two sets of hardware serial ports are electrically connected to the TTL level transceiver terminals of the RS-232 level conversion module. A status indication module includes a driving transistor and a light-emitting indicator. The control terminal of the driving transistor is electrically connected to the general-purpose I / O pin of the microcontroller module, and the output terminal of the driving transistor is used to control the on / off state of the light-emitting indicator.

2. The serial port RS-232 multi-path routing and status indication device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The power conditioning module includes a linear regulator, an EMI suppression element disposed at the input of the linear regulator, and filter capacitors disposed at the input and output of the linear regulator, respectively.

3. The serial port RS-232 multi-path routing and status indication device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The power conditioning module also includes a power indicator light, which is connected in series with a current-limiting resistor and connected to the output terminal of the linear regulator.

4. The serial port RS-232 multi-path routing and status indication device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The RS-232 level conversion module includes at least one level conversion chip with a charge pump, and the peripheral pins of the charge pump are connected to a charge pump capacitor.

5. The serial port RS-232 multi-path routing and status indication device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The driving transistor is an N-channel MOSFET, with its gate serving as the control terminal, its source grounded, and its drain serving as the output terminal.

6. The serial port RS-232 multi-path routing and status indication device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The gate of the N-channel MOSFET is also grounded through a gate pull-down resistor.

7. The serial port RS-232 multi-path routing and status indication device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The light indicator is connected in series with a current-limiting resistor and then connected between the drain of the N-channel MOSFET and the power supply.

8. The serial port RS-232 multi-path routing and status indication device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The external interface terminal module includes at least three independent RS-232 ports, which are respectively identified as the rain gauge port, the first data transmission unit port, and the second data transmission unit port.

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