A truck dispatching system for an open pit mine
By combining GNSS augmentation units with UWB positioning technology, multi-link communication design, and Mesh self-organizing network technology, the problems of inaccurate positioning and unstable communication of open-pit mine trucks were solved, achieving high-precision positioning and stable communication, and improving the production efficiency of open-pit mines.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- 中联润世新疆煤业有限公司
- Filing Date
- 2025-09-16
- Publication Date
- 2026-07-21
AI Technical Summary
Inaccurate truck positioning and unstable communication in open-pit mines prevent the dispatching system from accurately grasping truck locations and exchanging real-time information, affecting the rationality of task allocation and the stability of communication links.
By combining GNSS augmentation units with UWB positioning technology, multi-link communication design (4G/5G and UWB link collaboration) and Mesh self-organizing network technology, and with differentiated base station deployment, a complementary positioning and communication system is formed to ensure real-time information exchange between trucks and the command center.
It achieves high-precision positioning and stable communication in complex terrain, improves equipment utilization, shortens transportation cycle, and enhances mine production efficiency.
Smart Images
Figure CN224536543U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the field of open-pit mine truck technology, and more specifically to an open-pit mine truck dispatching system. Background Technology
[0002] In open-pit mining operations, mine transportation is a crucial link connecting mining and ore dressing. To achieve efficient truck scheduling, open-pit mine truck scheduling systems have emerged. These systems aim to improve equipment utilization and shorten transportation cycles by monitoring trucks in real time and allocating tasks, thereby enhancing the overall production efficiency of the mine.
[0003] However, open-pit mines typically feature complex terrain and vast areas, including numerous steep slopes, deep mining areas, and large stockpiles. In such environments, traditional positioning systems, such as GPS and BeiDou, are susceptible to signal obstruction, reflection, and multipath effects, leading to truck positioning drift or even complete loss of location. This prevents the dispatch center from accurately determining the real-time location of trucks, impacting the rationality and accuracy of task allocation. Furthermore, the complex terrain of open-pit mines severely interferes with communication. Currently, open-pit mine truck dispatch systems rely heavily on wireless communication technologies (such as 4G and 5G). However, in areas with complex terrain, such as steep slopes and valleys, wireless signal propagation is hindered, resulting in signal attenuation, blind spots, and multipath interference. This leads to unstable communication links, data transmission delays, and even outages. Consequently, real-time information exchange between trucks and the dispatch center (such as task instruction issuance and vehicle status feedback) cannot proceed smoothly. The dispatch center struggles to adjust dispatch strategies promptly based on actual on-site conditions, severely limiting the functionality of the dispatch system.
[0004] Therefore, solving the problems of inaccurate truck positioning and unstable communication due to terrain in the current open-pit mine truck dispatching system is an urgent problem that needs to be solved by those skilled in the art. Utility Model Content
[0005] In view of this, the present invention provides an open-pit mine truck dispatching system to solve the above problems.
[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: This utility model discloses an open-pit mine truck dispatching system, including: an on-board terminal, a positioning and communication base station, and a command center; the on-board terminal is communicatively connected to the positioning and communication base station, and the positioning and communication base station is communicatively connected to the command center; The vehicle-mounted terminal receives the positioning signal sent by the positioning and communication base station, and sends the vehicle status data collected by the vehicle status acquisition module, the positioning data of the multi-mode positioning module, and the driver's voice data to the command center via the positioning and communication base station; the vehicle-mounted terminal receives the command commands from the command center and displays and broadcasts them. The positioning and communication base station receives satellite positioning signals and transmits enhanced GNSS signals to the vehicle-mounted terminal through the GNSS enhancement unit; the positioning and communication base station transmits UWB wireless signals to the vehicle-mounted terminal; the positioning signal includes the enhanced GNSS signal and the UWB wireless signal; The command center receives and displays the vehicle status data and the location data, receives and plays the voice data, and sends the dispatcher's dispatch orders and voice commands to the vehicle terminal through the positioning and communication base station; the command orders include the dispatch orders and the voice commands.
[0007] Furthermore, the vehicle-mounted terminal includes: a multi-mode positioning module, a multi-link communication module, a vehicle status acquisition module, a display and broadcasting module, a voice module, and a power supply module; The multi-mode positioning module includes a GNSS positioning unit and a UWB positioning unit. The GNSS positioning unit receives the enhanced GNSS signal to obtain GNSS positioning data, and the UWB positioning unit receives the UWB positioning signal to obtain UWB positioning data. The positioning data includes the GNSS positioning data and / or the UWB positioning data. The multi-link communication module includes a 4G / 5G communication unit and a UWB communication unit, which communicate with the positioning and communication base station through a 4G / 5G link and / or a UWB link, respectively. The vehicle status acquisition module includes: a speed sensing unit, a load sensing unit, and an OBD interface unit, which respectively collect the truck's speed, load, and OBD data as the vehicle status data. The display and broadcast module includes: an in-vehicle display screen and a speaker, wherein the in-vehicle display screen is used to display the dispatch command and the speaker is used to broadcast the voice command; The voice module obtains the voice data based on the driver's voice; The power supply module provides power to each module of the vehicle terminal.
[0008] Furthermore, the positioning and communication base station includes a first type of positioning and communication base station and a second type of positioning and communication base station with communication connection; The first type of positioning and communication base station sends the UWB positioning signal to the vehicle terminal, establishes the UWB link communication with the vehicle terminal, and sends the communication data with the vehicle terminal to the second type of positioning and communication base station; The second type of positioning and communication base station sends the enhanced GNSS signal and establishes the 4G / 5G link communication with the vehicle terminal, and sends its own communication data and the communication data between the first type of positioning and communication base station and the vehicle terminal to the command center; The second type of positioning and communication base station transmits the command command data of the command center to the vehicle terminal through the 4G / 5G link or the UWB link.
[0009] Furthermore, the first type of positioning and communication base station includes: a UWB base station unit, a Mesh self-organizing network unit, and a power supply unit; The UWB base station unit is used to send the UWB positioning signal and communicate with the UWB communication unit. The Mesh self-organizing unit is used to form a Mesh self-organizing network with the other first-type positioning and communication base stations within the communication distance of the Mesh self-organizing unit, and to establish a Mesh communication network for the first-type positioning and communication base stations. The power supply unit includes a solar panel, a charge / discharge controller, and a battery. It generates and stores solar power to supply power to the UWB base station unit and the Mesh self-organizing network unit.
[0010] Furthermore, the second type of positioning and communication base station includes: a GNSS enhancement module, a 4G / 5G base station module, a Mesh self-organizing network unit, an optical fiber communication module, and a power supply module; The GNSS enhancement module receives satellite GNSS signals, amplifies and enhances them to obtain the enhanced GNSS signal, and then sends it to the vehicle-mounted terminal. The 4G / 5G base station module communicates with the 4G / 5G communication unit; The Mesh self-organizing network unit communicates with the Mesh self-organizing network unit of the first type of positioning and communication base station to transmit data. The fiber optic communication module is connected to the command center. The power supply module includes a solar panel, a charge / discharge controller, and a battery. It generates and stores solar power to supply the GNSS enhancement module, 4G / 5G base station module, Mesh self-organizing network unit, and fiber optic communication module.
[0011] Furthermore, the first type of positioning and communication base station is set up next to the vehicle travel path in the open-pit mine; the second type of positioning and communication base station is set up on the top of the steep slope, the mountaintop, or the top of the communication base station tower in the open-pit mine.
[0012] Furthermore, the command center includes: an optical fiber communication unit, a data receiving and display unit, a voice unit, a dispatch command unit, and power supply equipment; The optical fiber communication unit is used to communicate with the optical fiber communication module; The data receiving and display unit receives the vehicle status data and the positioning data from each of the vehicle terminals through the optical fiber communication unit, and displays them in real time through the display screen. The voice unit receives and plays the voice data from each of the vehicle terminals through the fiber optic communication unit; it also receives the voice commands from the dispatcher and sends them to each of the vehicle terminals through the fiber optic communication unit. The dispatch command unit receives the dispatch command from the dispatcher and sends it to each of the vehicle terminals through the optical fiber communication unit. The power supply equipment provides power to each unit of the command center.
[0013] As can be seen from the above technical solution, compared with the prior art, this utility model provides an open-pit mine truck dispatching system, which significantly improves upon the inaccurate positioning and unstable communication problems of traditional dispatching systems. Regarding positioning accuracy, the combination of GNSS enhancement units and UWB positioning technology effectively solves the positioning challenges in complex terrain: in open areas, enhanced GNSS signals (amplified to resist obstruction) achieve high-precision positioning; in areas with signal obstruction such as steep slopes and deep mining areas, UWB wireless signals (with strong resistance to multipath effects) ensure positioning continuity, avoiding the drift or failure problems of traditional single-satellite positioning. This allows the command center to accurately grasp the truck's location in real time, laying the foundation for rational task allocation. Regarding communication stability, the multi-link communication design (4G / 5G and UWB links working together) complements the Mesh self-organizing network technology. The 4G / 5G links meet high-speed data transmission requirements in conventional areas, while the UWB links and base station Mesh network cover signal blind spots, ensuring uninterrupted communication in areas such as steep slopes and valleys. This enables real-time information exchange between trucks and the command center, ensuring timely issuance of task instructions and real-time feedback on vehicle status. Furthermore, the differentiated deployment of base stations further enhances system adaptability, and ultimately improves equipment utilization, shortens transportation cycles, and significantly enhances mine production efficiency through precise positioning and stable communication. Attached Figure Description
[0014] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the provided drawings without creative effort.
[0015] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the overall process provided for this utility model. Detailed Implementation
[0016] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.
[0017] This utility model discloses an open-pit mine truck dispatching system, such as... Figure 1 As shown, it includes: a vehicle-mounted terminal, a positioning and communication base station, and a command center; the vehicle-mounted terminal is connected to the positioning and communication base station, and the positioning and communication base station is connected to the command center. The vehicle-mounted terminal receives positioning signals from the positioning and communication base station, and sends the vehicle status data collected by the vehicle status acquisition module, the positioning data from the multi-mode positioning module, and the driver's voice data to the command center via the positioning and communication base station; the vehicle-mounted terminal receives command commands from the command center and displays and broadcasts them. The positioning and communication base station receives satellite positioning signals and transmits enhanced GNSS signals to the vehicle terminal through the GNSS enhancement unit; the positioning and communication base station transmits UWB wireless signals to the vehicle terminal; the positioning signal includes enhanced GNSS signals and UWB wireless signals. The command center receives and displays vehicle status and location data, receives and plays voice data, and sends dispatch orders and voice commands from dispatchers to the vehicle terminal via positioning and communication base stations; command orders include dispatch orders and voice commands.
[0018] In one specific embodiment, the vehicle terminal includes: a multi-mode positioning module, a multi-link communication module, a vehicle status acquisition module, a display and broadcasting module, a voice module, and a power supply module; The multi-mode positioning module includes a GNSS positioning unit and a UWB positioning unit. The GNSS positioning unit receives the enhanced GNSS signal to obtain GNSS positioning data, and the UWB positioning unit receives the UWB positioning signal to obtain UWB positioning data. The positioning data includes GNSS positioning data and / or UWB positioning data. The multi-link communication module includes a 4G / 5G communication unit and a UWB communication unit, which communicate with the positioning and communication base station through the 4G / 5G link and / or the UWB link, respectively. The vehicle status acquisition module includes: a speed sensing unit, a load sensing unit, and an OBD interface unit, which respectively collect the truck's speed, load, and OBD data as vehicle status data; The display and broadcast module includes: an in-vehicle display screen and a speaker, wherein the in-vehicle display screen is used to display dispatch commands and the speaker is used to broadcast voice commands; The voice module obtains voice data based on the driver's voice. The power supply module provides power to all modules of the vehicle terminal.
[0019] Specifically, GNSS is suitable for relatively open and wide areas, while UWB (Ultra-Wideband) is suitable for GNSS failure scenarios such as mountain obstruction. The two complement each other to achieve high-precision positioning in all scenarios; 4G / 5G meets the needs of long-distance data transmission in open areas, while UWB is suitable for short-distance, highly reliable communication, avoiding scheduling failures caused by the interruption of a single link; real-time monitoring of vehicle operating conditions (such as overload, faults, etc.) provides data support for scheduling decisions; the display, broadcast, and voice modules realize dual visual and auditory interaction, ensuring that drivers accurately receive instructions in noisy environments.
[0020] In one specific embodiment, the positioning and communication base station includes a first type of positioning and communication base station and a second type of positioning and communication base station with communication connection; The first type of positioning and communication base station sends UWB positioning signals to the vehicle terminal and establishes a UWB link communication with the vehicle terminal, and sends the communication data with the vehicle terminal to the second type of positioning and communication base station. The second type of positioning and communication base station sends enhanced GNSS signals and establishes a 4G / 5G link with the vehicle terminal, sending its own and the communication data between the first type of positioning and communication base station and the vehicle terminal to the command center. The second type of positioning and communication base station transmits command command data from the command center to the vehicle terminal via 4G / 5G links or UWB links.
[0021] In one specific embodiment, the first type of positioning and communication base station includes: a UWB base station unit, a Mesh self-organizing network unit, and a power supply unit; The UWB base station unit is used to send UWB positioning signals and communicate with the UWB communication unit. Mesh self-organizing unit is used to form a Mesh self-organizing network with other Class I positioning and communication base stations within the communication distance of the Mesh self-organizing unit, and to establish a Mesh communication network for Class I positioning and communication base stations. The power supply unit includes solar panels, a charge / discharge controller, and a battery. It generates and stores solar power to supply the UWB base station unit and the Mesh self-organizing network unit.
[0022] In one specific embodiment, the second type of positioning and communication base station includes: a GNSS enhancement module, a 4G / 5G base station module, a Mesh self-organizing network unit, an optical fiber communication module, and a power supply module; The GNSS enhancement module receives satellite GNSS signals, amplifies and enhances them to obtain enhanced GNSS signals, and then sends them to the vehicle-mounted terminal. The 4G / 5G base station module communicates with the 4G / 5G communication unit; The Mesh self-organizing network unit communicates with the Mesh self-organizing network unit of the first type of positioning and communication base station to transmit data; The fiber optic communication module is connected to the command center. The power supply module includes a solar panel, a charge and discharge controller, and a battery. It generates and stores solar power to supply the GNSS enhancement module, 4G / 5G base station module, Mesh self-organizing network unit, and fiber optic communication module.
[0023] Specifically, the first type of base station focuses on UWB positioning and short-range communication, extending coverage through a mesh self-organizing network, such as dense deployment along driving routes to cover the main operating areas of trucks. The second type of base station, as a core node, is responsible for GNSS signal enhancement to improve positioning accuracy in open areas and 4G / 5G long-range communication. It also integrates data from the first type of base station, uploading it to the command center via fiber optic cable, achieving hierarchical transmission from vehicle terminals, edge nodes, core nodes to the center. The GNSS enhancement module amplifies satellite signals to solve the GNSS positioning drift problem caused by atmospheric interference and terrain obstruction in open mining areas; the 4G / 5G base station module covers a wide area to meet the needs of long-distance dispatch; and fiber optic communication provides a high-bandwidth, low-latency backbone transmission link to ensure that large amounts of vehicle data are uploaded to the command center in real time.
[0024] The first and second type base stations form a self-organizing Mesh network, with adjacent base stations automatically forming a multi-hop transmission network to avoid local communication interruptions caused by the failure of a single base station. At the same time, it achieves flexible coverage, allowing base stations to be added flexibly as the mining area expands, without the need to replan the overall network.
[0025] In one specific embodiment, the first type of positioning and communication base station is set up next to the vehicle travel path in the open-pit mine; the second type of positioning and communication base station is set up on the top of the steep slope, the mountaintop, or the top of the communication base station tower in the open-pit mine.
[0026] Specifically, the first type of base stations are deployed along vehicle travel paths, providing UWB positioning signals to trucks at close range. This allows for dense deployment along the paths, covering the main work routes. The second type of base stations are deployed at high locations such as the tops of steep slopes and mountaintops, which facilitates the reception of satellite GNSS signals, resulting in better enhancement and wider 4G / 5G signal coverage. This also facilitates fiber optic cabling. This arrangement matches the base station locations with their functions, achieving signal coverage throughout the entire mining area at the lowest deployment cost, while avoiding signal attenuation caused by terrain obstruction, ensuring positioning and communication quality.
[0027] In one specific embodiment, the command center includes: an optical fiber communication unit, a data receiving and display unit, a voice unit, a dispatch command unit, and power supply equipment; The fiber optic communication unit is used to communicate with the fiber optic communication module; The data receiving and display unit receives vehicle status data and positioning data from each vehicle terminal through the fiber optic communication unit and displays them in real time on the display screen. The voice unit receives and plays voice data from each vehicle terminal via the fiber optic communication unit; it also receives voice commands from the dispatcher and sends them to each vehicle terminal via the fiber optic communication unit. The dispatch command unit receives dispatch commands from the dispatcher and sends them to each vehicle terminal via the fiber optic communication unit. The power supply equipment provides power to all units in the command center.
[0028] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, with each embodiment focusing on its differences from other embodiments. Similar or identical parts between embodiments can be referred to interchangeably. For the apparatus disclosed in the embodiments, since they correspond to the methods disclosed in the embodiments, the description is relatively simple; relevant parts can be referred to the method section.
[0029] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims
1. An open-pit mine truck dispatching system, characterized in that, include: The system includes a vehicle-mounted terminal, a positioning and communication base station, and a command center; the vehicle-mounted terminal is communicatively connected to the positioning and communication base station, and the positioning and communication base station is communicatively connected to the command center. The vehicle-mounted terminal receives the positioning signal sent by the positioning and communication base station, and sends the vehicle status data collected by the vehicle status acquisition module, the positioning data of the multi-mode positioning module, and the driver's voice data to the command center via the positioning and communication base station; the vehicle-mounted terminal receives the command commands from the command center and displays and broadcasts them. The positioning and communication base station receives satellite positioning signals and transmits enhanced GNSS signals to the vehicle-mounted terminal through the GNSS enhancement unit; the positioning and communication base station transmits UWB wireless signals to the vehicle-mounted terminal; the positioning signal includes the enhanced GNSS signal and the UWB wireless signal; The command center receives and displays the vehicle status data and the location data, receives and plays the voice data, and sends the dispatcher's dispatch orders and voice commands to the vehicle terminal through the positioning and communication base station; the command orders include the dispatch orders and the voice commands.
2. The open-pit mine truck dispatching system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The vehicle-mounted terminal includes: a multi-mode positioning module, a multi-link communication module, a vehicle status acquisition module, a display and broadcasting module, a voice module, and a power supply module; The multi-mode positioning module includes a GNSS positioning unit and a UWB positioning unit. The GNSS positioning unit receives the enhanced GNSS signal to obtain GNSS positioning data, and the UWB positioning unit receives the UWB positioning signal to obtain UWB positioning data. The positioning data includes the GNSS positioning data and / or the UWB positioning data. The multi-link communication module includes a 4G / 5G communication unit and a UWB communication unit, which communicate with the positioning and communication base station through a 4G / 5G link and / or a UWB link, respectively. The vehicle status acquisition module includes: a speed sensing unit, a load sensing unit, and an OBD interface unit, which respectively collect the truck's speed, load, and OBD data as the vehicle status data. The display and broadcast module includes: an in-vehicle display screen and a speaker, wherein the in-vehicle display screen is used to display the dispatch command and the speaker is used to broadcast the voice command; The voice module obtains the voice data based on the driver's voice; The power supply module provides power to each module of the vehicle terminal.
3. The open-pit mine truck dispatching system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The positioning and communication base stations include a first type of positioning and communication base station and a second type of positioning and communication base station with communication connections; The first type of positioning and communication base station sends the UWB positioning signal to the vehicle terminal, establishes the UWB link communication with the vehicle terminal, and sends the communication data with the vehicle terminal to the second type of positioning and communication base station; The second type of positioning and communication base station sends the enhanced GNSS signal and establishes the 4G / 5G link communication with the vehicle terminal, and sends its own and the communication data between the first type of positioning and communication base station and the vehicle terminal to the command center; The second type of positioning and communication base station transmits the command command data of the command center to the vehicle terminal through the 4G / 5G link or the UWB link.
4. The open-pit mine truck dispatching system according to claim 3, characterized in that, The first type of positioning and communication base station includes: UWB base station unit, Mesh self-organizing network unit, and power supply unit; The UWB base station unit is used to send the UWB positioning signal and communicate with the UWB communication unit. The Mesh self-organizing unit is used to form a Mesh self-organizing network with the other first-type positioning and communication base stations within the communication distance of the Mesh self-organizing unit, and to establish a Mesh communication network for the first-type positioning and communication base stations. The power supply unit includes a solar panel, a charge / discharge controller, and a battery. It generates and stores solar power to supply power to the UWB base station unit and the Mesh self-organizing network unit.
5. The open-pit mine truck dispatching system according to claim 3, characterized in that, The second type of positioning and communication base station includes: GNSS enhancement module, 4G / 5G base station module, Mesh self-organizing network unit, optical fiber communication module and power supply module; The GNSS enhancement module receives satellite GNSS signals, amplifies and enhances them to obtain the enhanced GNSS signal, and then sends it to the vehicle-mounted terminal. The 4G / 5G base station module communicates with the 4G / 5G communication unit; The Mesh self-organizing network unit communicates with the Mesh self-organizing network unit of the first type of positioning and communication base station to transmit data. The fiber optic communication module is connected to the command center. The power supply module includes a solar panel, a charge / discharge controller, and a battery. It generates and stores solar power to supply the GNSS enhancement module, 4G / 5G base station module, Mesh self-organizing network unit, and fiber optic communication module.
6. The open-pit mine truck dispatching system according to claim 3, characterized in that, The first type of positioning and communication base station is set up next to the vehicle travel path in the open-pit mine; the second type of positioning and communication base station is set up on the top of the steep slope, the mountain top, or the top of the communication base station tower in the open-pit mine.
7. The open-pit mine truck dispatching system according to claim 5, characterized in that, The command center includes: an optical fiber communication unit, a data receiving and display unit, a voice unit, a dispatch command unit, and power supply equipment; The optical fiber communication unit is used to communicate with the optical fiber communication module; The data receiving and display unit receives the vehicle status data and the positioning data from each of the vehicle terminals through the optical fiber communication unit, and displays them in real time through the display screen. The voice unit receives and plays the voice data from each of the vehicle terminals through the fiber optic communication unit; it also receives the voice commands from the dispatcher and sends them to each of the vehicle terminals through the fiber optic communication unit. The dispatch command unit receives the dispatch command from the dispatcher and sends it to each of the vehicle terminals through the optical fiber communication unit. The power supply equipment provides power to each unit of the command center.