Relay and vehicle
By using non-high-temperature welding of the sealing component and stationary terminal, and a multi-break point design, the problems of insufficient yield strength and insufficient arc extinguishing capability of the relay at high temperatures are solved. This achieves reliable arc dispersion and enhanced break point at high temperatures, thereby improving the safety and service life of the relay.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- ZHEJIANG GEELY HLDG GRP CO LTD
- Filing Date
- 2026-06-12
- Publication Date
- 2026-07-21
AI Technical Summary
Existing relays have insufficient yield strength at high temperatures, and their arc-extinguishing capabilities are not suitable for ultra-high voltages, leading to contact melting, welding, or vaporization, which threatens the safety of the entire vehicle.
The sealing component and the stationary terminal are connected by a non-high temperature welding process, and a collaborative structure with multiple disconnection points is designed to disperse the arc energy, increase the number of disconnection points, and improve the ablation resistance and durability.
It improves the yield strength of the relay at high temperatures, ensures the dispersion of arc energy, avoids failure at a single break point, extends service life, and enhances safety and reliability.
Smart Images
Figure CN224536990U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This application relates to the field of power technology, and more particularly to a relay and a vehicle. Background Technology
[0002] In the field of new energy vehicles, relays are mainly used in battery management systems, motor controllers and charging circuits. They are the core control components of the circuit system and play an important role in circuit safety switching and energy management.
[0003] The existing relay connection terminals have insufficient yield strength at high temperatures, and their arc extinguishing capability is not suitable for ultra-high voltage application scenarios. During the switching process, the electric arc has a strong destructive force on the contacts, which can easily lead to the contacts melting, welding, or even vaporization. If the arc cannot be reliably extinguished, it will cause the relay to explode and burn, directly threatening the safety of the entire vehicle. Utility Model Content
[0004] This application provides a relay and a vehicle.
[0005] A first aspect of this application provides a relay, the relay comprising: The housing includes a ceramic body and multiple sealing components; the ceramic body has a receiving space and multiple mounting holes, with each sealing component arranged around one of the mounting holes. At least two stationary terminals are provided, each of the stationary terminals being provided with a corresponding mounting hole, and the sealing member is connected between the stationary terminals and the ceramic body; At least two moving terminals are disposed within the receiving space; At least one intermediate conductive terminal is fixed within the receiving space; A drive assembly for driving the at least two moving terminals to move; The relay includes an on state and an off state; in the on state, the driving component drives the moving terminal to contact the stationary terminal and / or the intermediate conductive terminal; in the off state, the driving component drives the moving terminal to disengage from both the stationary terminal and the intermediate conductive terminal.
[0006] In some embodiments, the at least two stationary terminals include a first stationary terminal and a second stationary terminal; at least one conductive path is provided between the first stationary terminal and the second stationary terminal; when there are multiple conductive paths, the multiple conductive paths are connected in parallel between the first stationary terminal and the second stationary terminal. Each of the aforementioned conductive paths includes N of the aforementioned intermediate conductive terminals and (N+1) of the aforementioned moving terminals; where N is a natural number greater than or equal to 1; The first moving terminal is used to electrically connect the first stationary terminal and the first intermediate conductive terminal; the i-th moving terminal is used to electrically connect the (i-1)-th intermediate conductive terminal and the i-th intermediate conductive terminal, where i is a natural number greater than or equal to 2 and less than or equal to N; the (N+1)-th moving terminal is used to electrically connect the N-th intermediate conductive terminal and the second stationary terminal.
[0007] In some embodiments, each of the stationary terminals extends into the receiving space and includes at least two spaced-apart first contact portions; the intermediate conductive terminal includes two first contact ends, each of the first contact ends including at least two spaced-apart second contact portions; the moving terminal includes two second contact ends, each of the second contact ends including at least two spaced-apart third contact portions. When the second contact end contacts the stationary terminal, each third contact portion of the second contact end contacts one of the first contact portions; when the second contact end contacts the first contact end, each third contact portion of the second contact end contacts one of the second contact portions.
[0008] In some embodiments, the drive assembly includes a drive member and at least two push members; each of the push members is connected to the drive member; Each of the pushers is connected to one of the moving terminals; the pusher is used to push the moving terminal to move under the drive of the drive member, so that the moving terminal and its corresponding stationary terminal or intermediate conductive terminal come into contact or separate.
[0009] In some embodiments, in the disconnected state, the gap between each moving terminal and its corresponding stationary terminal or intermediate conductive terminal is the same; During the switching between the on state and the off state, the driving member drives the pushing member to move, and the pushing member pushes the moving terminal and its corresponding stationary terminal or intermediate conductive terminal to simultaneously contact or separate.
[0010] In some embodiments, in the disconnected state, the gaps between at least two of the moving terminals and their corresponding stationary terminals or intermediate conductive terminals are not the same; During the switching between the on state and the off state, the driving member drives the pushing member to move, so that at least two of the pushing members respectively push the moving terminal and its corresponding stationary terminal or the intermediate conductive terminal to contact or separate in sequence.
[0011] In some embodiments, the drive assembly includes at least two drive members and at least two push members; the number of drive members is equal to the number of push members; each drive member is used to drive one of the push members to move; each push member is connected to one of the moving terminals.
[0012] In some embodiments, the housing includes a plurality of sidewalls that enclose a receiving space; one of the sidewalls is a first sidewall, the stationary terminal and the intermediate conductive terminal are both fixed to the first sidewall, and the moving terminal is located within the receiving space and on the side of the stationary terminal and the intermediate conductive terminal away from the first sidewall.
[0013] In some embodiments, the orthographic projections of the stationary terminal, the moving terminal, and the intermediate conductive terminal onto the first sidewall are arranged along a straight line or a curved line.
[0014] In some embodiments, the intermediate conductive terminal is fixed to the side of the first sidewall facing the receiving space; or, the intermediate conductive terminal penetrates through the first sidewall.
[0015] A second aspect of this application provides a vehicle comprising a battery pack, a motor controller, and at least one of the aforementioned relays; the relay is connected between the battery pack and the motor controller.
[0016] The relay embodiments provided in this application connect the stationary terminals to the sealing component using a non-high-temperature welding process, ensuring the yield strength of the stationary terminals at high temperatures. Furthermore, the arc energy of the relay is dispersed to multiple disconnection points, preventing terminal melting, welding, or vaporization failures at a single disconnection point due to high-temperature arc impact. The collaborative design of the sealing component and multiple disconnection points further enhances the ablation resistance and durability of each terminal, extending the overall service life of the relay.
[0017] It should be understood that the above general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only, and do not limit this application. Attached Figure Description
[0018] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and form part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with this specification and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of this specification.
[0019] Figure 1 A three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of a relay housing provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 2 for Figure 1 The illustrated embodiment provides a cross-sectional view of the housing; Figure 3A schematic diagram of the structure of a relay housing with a stationary terminal installed according to an embodiment of this application; Figure 4 for Figure 3 The illustrated embodiment provides a cross-sectional view of the relay housing with stationary terminals mounted. Figure 5 A three-dimensional structural diagram of a relay provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 6 A cross-sectional view of a relay provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 7 A cross-sectional view of a relay provided in another embodiment of this application; Figure 8 A schematic diagram showing the positional relationship between a stationary terminal, a moving terminal, and an intermediate conductive terminal provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 9 A schematic diagram showing the positional relationship between the stationary terminal, the moving terminal, and the intermediate conductive terminal, provided for another embodiment of this application; Figure 10 A schematic diagram showing the positional relationship between the stationary terminal, the moving terminal, and the intermediate conductive terminal provided in another embodiment of this application; Figure 11 A schematic diagram of the structure of a stationary terminal, a moving terminal, and an intermediate conductive terminal provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 12 for Figure 11 The illustrated embodiment provides a bottom view of the stationary terminal, the moving terminal, and the intermediate conductive terminal; Figure 13 A schematic diagram of the structure of a stationary terminal, a moving terminal, and an intermediate conductive terminal provided in another embodiment of this application; Figure 14 for Figure 13 The illustrated embodiment provides a bottom view of the stationary terminal, the moving terminal, and the intermediate conductive terminal. Detailed Implementation
[0020] The technical solutions in the embodiments (or "implementations") of this application will be clearly and completely described herein with reference to the accompanying drawings. When the following description relates to the drawings, unless otherwise indicated, the same numbers in different drawings represent the same or similar elements.
[0021] If the embodiments of this application contain terms relating to directional indications or positional relationships (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, inside, outside, top, bottom, center, vertical, horizontal, longitudinal, transverse, length, width, counterclockwise, clockwise, axial, radial, circumferential, etc.), such terms are only used to explain the relative positional relationships and movement of the components in a specific posture (as shown in the attached figures); if the specific posture changes, the directional indications or positional relationships will also change accordingly. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" used in the embodiments of this application are only for descriptive convenience and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
[0022] The relay and vehicle according to embodiments of this application will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Unless otherwise specified, the features of the following embodiments and implementations can complement or combine with each other.
[0023] This application provides a relay, which includes a housing, at least two stationary terminals, at least two moving terminals, at least one intermediate conductive terminal, and a drive assembly.
[0024] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the housing 10 includes a ceramic body 11 and a plurality of sealing members 12. The ceramic body 11 has a receiving space 101 and a plurality of mounting holes 111, with each sealing member 12 arranged around one mounting hole 111.
[0025] Each mounting hole 111 communicates with the receiving space 101. The sealing member 12 is connected to the side surface of the ceramic body 11 away from the receiving space 101.
[0026] Combination Figure 3 and Figure 4 Each stationary terminal 20 is provided with a corresponding mounting hole 111, and the sealing member 12 is connected between the stationary terminal 20 and the ceramic body 11.
[0027] Each stationary terminal 20 is connected to the ceramic body 11 via a sealing member 12 at its corresponding mounting hole 111. For example... Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, one end of each stationary terminal 20 extends into the receiving space 101, and the other end extends out of the ceramic body 11 through the mounting hole 111. The moving terminal 30 is disposed within the receiving space 101. The intermediate conductive terminal 40 is fixed within the receiving space 101, specifically it can be fixed to the surface of the ceramic body 11 facing the receiving space 101.
[0028] The drive assembly 50 is used to drive the moving terminal 30 to move. The relay includes an on state and an off state: in the on state, the drive assembly 50 drives the moving terminal 30 to contact the stationary terminal 20 and / or the intermediate conductive terminal 40; in the off state, the drive assembly 50 drives the moving terminal 30 to disengage from both the stationary terminal 20 and the intermediate conductive terminal 40.
[0029] The stationary terminal 20 and the intermediate conductive terminal 40 are fixed terminals, while the moving terminal 30 serves as a bridging component connecting the stationary terminal 20 and the intermediate conductive terminal 40. When the relay is in the ON state, the moving terminal 30 simultaneously contacts one stationary terminal 20 and one intermediate conductive terminal 40, forming a conductive path from the stationary terminal 20 through the moving terminal 30 to the intermediate conductive terminal 40. Alternatively, when there are multiple intermediate conductive terminals 40, the moving terminal 30 can simultaneously contact two intermediate conductive terminals 40, forming a conductive path from one intermediate conductive terminal 40 through the moving terminal 30 to the other intermediate conductive terminal 40.
[0030] Taking a relay with two stationary terminals 20, two moving terminals 30, and one intermediate conductive terminal 40 as an example, one moving terminal 30 is used to bridge one stationary terminal 20 and the intermediate conductive terminal 40, and the other moving terminal 30 is used to bridge another stationary terminal 20 and the intermediate conductive terminal 40. Each moving terminal 30 forms a break point with both the stationary terminal 20 and the intermediate conductive terminal 40. Compared to a configuration where one moving terminal 30 is directly bridged between the two stationary terminals 20, the number of break points in the relay's conductive circuit increases.
[0031] In the relay provided in this application embodiment, it is not necessary to prepare molybdenum-manganese and nickel layers and perform high-temperature sintering metallization processes on the surface of the ceramic body 11. The sealing component 12 can be set on the ceramic body 11 through welding or direct copper plating, which simplifies the process and reduces production costs. The sealing component 12 is arranged around the mounting hole 111, which ensures good sealing around the mounting hole 111 and meets the relay's airtightness requirements. The stationary terminal 20 can be connected to the sealing component 12 using a non-high-temperature welding process, which avoids the reduction of the yield strength of the stationary terminal 20 at high temperatures, thus improving the reliability and safety of the relay.
[0032] By setting the intermediate conductive terminal 40, the number of disconnection points in the conductive circuit can be increased. Multiple disconnection points can divide the total voltage of the relay conductive circuit, significantly reducing the voltage load borne at each disconnection point, weakening the energy of the electric arc at each disconnection point, quickly suppressing the spread of the electric arc, and making it more conducive to extinguishing the arc, thereby ensuring the reliability and safety of high-voltage circuit disconnection.
[0033] The stationary terminal 20 of the relay is connected to the sealing component 12 through a non-high-temperature welding process, ensuring the yield strength of the stationary terminal 20 at high temperatures. Furthermore, the arc energy of the relay is dispersed to multiple disconnection points, preventing terminal melting, welding, or vaporization failures at a single disconnection point due to high-temperature arc impact. This collaborative design of the sealing component and multiple disconnection points further enhances the ablation resistance and durability of each terminal, extending the overall service life of the relay.
[0034] In one embodiment, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the ceramic body 11 includes a first sidewall 112, a second sidewall 113, and a third sidewall 114. The first sidewall 112 and the second sidewall 113 are disposed opposite to each other, and the third sidewall 114 is connected between the first sidewall 112 and the second sidewall 113. The first sidewall 112, the second sidewall 113, and the third sidewall 114 form a receiving space 101 for accommodating internal components of the relay.
[0035] Mounting hole 111 is formed in the first side wall 112, Figure 1 and Figure 2 In the illustrated embodiment, the first sidewall 112 is the top wall of the ceramic body 11. For example... Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, the stationary terminal 20 and the intermediate conductive terminal 40 are both mounted on the first sidewall 112, and the moving terminal 30 is located in the receiving space 101, on the side of the stationary terminal 20 and the intermediate conductive terminal 40 away from the first sidewall 112.
[0036] Both the stationary terminal 20 and the intermediate conductive terminal 40 are mounted on the first side wall 112, which facilitates the installation and wiring of the relay and reduces the number of openings in the housing 10, thus improving the sealing performance of the housing 10.
[0037] In one embodiment, the second sidewall 113 has an assembly opening 115. Moving terminals and the like can be inserted into the receiving space 101 through the assembly opening 115 on the assembly sidewall 113. The second sidewall 113 may also have a sealing member 12, which surrounds the assembly opening 115. After the internal components such as the moving terminal are installed into the receiving space 101, the assembly opening 115 can be sealed using other sealing components, which can be welded to the sealing member 12 using a welding process.
[0038] In one embodiment, the ceramic body 11 is made of ceramic material, such as alumina ceramic, zirconia ceramic or aluminum nitride ceramic, etc. Ceramic materials have good high temperature resistance, electrical insulation properties and mechanical strength.
[0039] The containment space 101 is filled with arc-quenching gas. The arc-quenching gas fills the containment space 101 and surrounds the stationary terminal, moving terminal, and intermediate conductive terminal inside, providing an arc-quenching environment for the relay to switch on and off. The arc-quenching gas can be, for example, hydrogen or nitrogen.
[0040] In one embodiment, after the relay is manufactured, the gas leakage rate of the accommodating space 101 is less than or equal to This prevents gas leakage inside the containment space 101 or infiltration of external gas, providing a stable sealed environment for relay arc extinguishing.
[0041] In one embodiment, the sealing element 12 is a metal sealing element, which can be soldered to the ceramic body 11. For example, the sealing element 12 can be connected to the ceramic body 11 using an active metal brazing (AMB) process. Active brazing allows for good wetting and bonding with the ceramic surface, resulting in a dense and defect-free weld, which improves the sealing performance between the sealing element 12 and the ceramic body 11. In other embodiments, the sealing element 12 can also be connected to the ceramic body 11 using a direct bonding copper (DBC) process.
[0042] In one embodiment, such as Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, one end of the stationary terminal 20 extends out of the housing 10 through the first sidewall 112. The end of the stationary terminal 20 extending out of the housing 10 can be electrically connected to the power supply electrode. The other end of the stationary terminal 20 extends into the receiving space 101 for contact with the moving terminal 30.
[0043] In one embodiment, such as Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, the intermediate conductive terminal 40 is fixed to the side of the first sidewall 112 facing the receiving space 101. When the internal fixing method is adopted, the intermediate conductive terminal 40 does not penetrate the first sidewall 112, which can maximize the integrity and sealing of the housing, effectively improve the overall airtightness of the relay, and meet the sealing protection requirements under high voltage scenarios.
[0044] Specifically, the intermediate conductive terminal 40 can be connected and fixed to the housing 10 by active metal brazing or direct copper plating. High-temperature brazing or high-temperature resistant adhesive can also be used for fixing.
[0045] In another embodiment, such as Figure 5 and Figure 7 As shown, the intermediate conductive terminal 40 penetrates the first sidewall 112. When a through-mount method is adopted, the setting of the intermediate conductive terminal 40 is simpler, which can reduce the process difficulty when connecting the housing and the terminal, improve production efficiency, and control manufacturing costs.
[0046] like Figure 7 As shown, the intermediate conductive terminal 40 includes a first end 401, a second end 402, and a connecting portion 403 connecting the first end 401 and the second end 402. The diameters of both the first end 401 and the second end 402 are larger than the diameter of the connecting portion 403. The housing 10 has a through hole with the same diameter as the connecting portion 403. The connecting portion 403 is located inside the through hole, the first end 401 is located outside the first sidewall 112, and the second end 402 is located inside the first sidewall 112. The housing 10 is used to fix the intermediate conductive terminal 40.
[0047] In one embodiment, at least two stationary terminals 20 include a first stationary terminal 21 and a second stationary terminal 22, one of which is electrically connected to the positive terminal of the power supply, and the other is electrically connected to the negative terminal of the power supply. When the relay is in the on state, current flows through the stationary terminal 20, the moving terminal 30, and the intermediate conductive terminal 40. When the relay switches to the off state, the moving terminal 30 is simultaneously disconnected from the first stationary terminal 21, the second stationary terminal 22, and the intermediate conductive terminal 40, thereby forming multiple disconnection points in the positive and negative circuits.
[0048] In one embodiment, such as Figure 8 and Figure 9 As shown, at least one conductive path is provided between the first stationary terminal 21 and the second stationary terminal 22. When there are multiple conductive paths, the multiple conductive paths are connected in parallel between the first stationary terminal 21 and the second stationary terminal 22. Using multiple parallel paths can divide a large current into multiple smaller currents for interruption. The smaller current in each conductive path corresponds to lower arc energy, which is more conducive to arc extinguishing and improves the current carrying capacity and operational stability of the relay.
[0049] In one embodiment, each conductive path includes N intermediate conductive terminals 40 and (N+1) moving terminals 30, where N is a natural number greater than or equal to 1.
[0050] The first moving terminal 30 is used to electrically connect the first stationary terminal 21 and the first intermediate conductive terminal 40. The i-th moving terminal 30 is used to electrically connect the (i-1)-th intermediate conductive terminal 40 and the i-th intermediate conductive terminal 40, where i is a natural number greater than or equal to 2 and less than or equal to N. The (N+1)-th moving terminal 30 is used to electrically connect the N-th intermediate conductive terminal 40 and the second stationary terminal 22.
[0051] With the above configuration, 2 (N+1) disconnection points can be formed within each conductive path. The high voltage on the conductive path can be distributed to each disconnection point, significantly reducing the voltage load at each disconnection point. By adjusting the number of intermediate conductive terminals 40, the relay can be adapted to different levels of high voltage such as 1000V and 1500V. Without significantly increasing the product size, the high voltage breaking capacity and operational safety of the relay are improved, meeting the needs of high voltage electrical systems in new energy vehicles.
[0052] Specifically, in Figure 8 In the illustrated embodiment, there is only one conductive path between the first stationary terminal 21 and the second stationary terminal 22. The conductive path includes three moving terminals 31-33 and two intermediate conductive terminals 41 and 42. When the relay is in the ON state, the two ends of the moving terminal 31 are in contact with the first stationary terminal 21 and the intermediate conductive terminal 41, respectively; the two ends of the moving terminal 32 are in contact with the intermediate conductive terminal 41 and the intermediate conductive terminal 42, respectively; and the two ends of the moving terminal 33 are in contact with the intermediate conductive terminal 42 and the second stationary terminal 22, respectively.
[0053] exist Figure 9 In the illustrated embodiment, two conductive paths are provided between the first stationary terminal 21 and the second stationary terminal 22. The first conductive path includes three moving terminals 31a to 33a and two intermediate conductive terminals 41a and 42a. When the relay is in the ON state, the two ends of the moving terminal 31a are in contact with the first stationary terminal 21 and the intermediate conductive terminal 41a, respectively; the two ends of the moving terminal 32a are in contact with the intermediate conductive terminals 41a and 42a, respectively; and the two ends of the moving terminal 33a are in contact with the intermediate conductive terminal 42a and the second stationary terminal 22a, respectively.
[0054] The second conductive path includes three moving terminals 31b to 33b, and two intermediate conductive terminals 41b and 42b. When the relay is in the ON state, the two ends of the moving terminal 31b are in contact with the first stationary terminal 21 and the intermediate conductive terminal 41b, respectively; the two ends of the moving terminal 32b are in contact with the intermediate conductive terminals 41b and 42b, respectively; and the two ends of the moving terminal 33b are in contact with the intermediate conductive terminal 42b and the second stationary terminal 22b, respectively.
[0055] In other embodiments, the number of conductive paths between the first stationary terminal 21 and the second stationary terminal 22, as well as the number of moving terminals and intermediate conductive terminals included in each conductive path, can be specifically set according to actual needs.
[0056] It should be noted that, Figure 8 and Figure 9 The shapes of the stationary terminal, moving terminal, and intermediate conductive terminal are for illustrative purposes only; the shapes of the stationary terminal, moving terminal, and intermediate conductive terminal can also be other shapes.
[0057] In one embodiment, such as Figures 8 to 10 As shown, the stationary terminal 20, the moving terminal 30, and the intermediate conductive terminal 40 are arranged along a straight line or a curved line on the orthographic projection of the first side wall.
[0058] like Figure 8 As shown, the first stationary terminal 21 to the second stationary terminal 22, the stationary terminal 20, the moving terminal 30, and the intermediate conductive terminal 40 are arranged in a straight line; as Figure 10 As shown, the first stationary terminal 21 to the second stationary terminal 22, the stationary terminal 20, the moving terminal 30 and the intermediate conductive terminal 40 are arranged in an L-shape.
[0059] The use of straight or curved layout design can improve the flexibility and adaptability of the internal terminal layout of the relay, adapting to different housing shapes and internal space layouts.
[0060] In one embodiment, such as Figure 11 and Figure 12 As shown, each stationary terminal 20 includes at least two spaced-apart first contact portions 201 at its end extending into the receiving space. The intermediate conductive terminal 40 includes two first contact ends 43, each first contact end 43 including at least two spaced-apart second contact portions 431. The moving terminal 30 includes two second contact ends 34, each second contact end 34 including at least two spaced-apart third contact portions 341.
[0061] When the second contact end 34 contacts the stationary end 20, each third contact portion 341 of the second contact end 34 contacts a corresponding first contact portion 201. When the second contact end 34 contacts the first contact end 43, each third contact portion 341 of the second contact end 34 contacts a corresponding second contact portion 431.
[0062] With the above configuration, at least two disconnection points can be formed between the moving terminal 30 and the corresponding stationary terminal 20, and at least two disconnection points can be formed between the moving terminal 30 and the intermediate conductive terminal 40 connected thereto. This helps to increase the number of disconnection points, reduce the current load at each disconnection point, facilitate the rapid cooling and extinguishing of the arc, and improve the breaking capacity and service life of the relay.
[0063] Furthermore, the above configuration can form multiple parallel conductive paths, which helps to reduce loop resistance and heat generation, and can also shunt the loop current, reducing the electrodynamic repulsion at the contact points of each terminal.
[0064] Specifically, such as Figure 11 and Figure 12As shown, the relay includes two stationary terminals 20, two moving terminals 30, and an intermediate conductive terminal 40. A second contact end 34 of the moving terminal 30 contacts the end of one of the stationary terminals 20 that extends into the receiving space. The second contact end 34 is provided with two spaced-apart third contact portions 341. The end of the stationary terminal 20 is provided with two spaced-apart first contact portions 201. Each third contact portion 341 is in contact with or disconnected from one of the first contact portions 201.
[0065] Another second contact end 34 of the moving terminal 30 contacts a first contact end 43 of the intermediate conductive terminal 40. The second contact end 34 is provided with two spaced third contact portions 341. The first contact end 43 of the intermediate conductive terminal is provided with two spaced second contact portions 431. Each third contact portion 341 is in contact with or disconnected from a second contact portion 431.
[0066] exist Figure 11 and Figure 12 In the embodiment shown, the first contact portion 201 can be a protrusion structure formed by the end face of the stationary terminal 20 extending into the receiving space protruding toward the moving terminal 30; the second contact portion 431 can be a protrusion structure formed by the surface of the intermediate conductive terminal 40 protruding toward the moving terminal and toward the moving terminal 30; the second contact end 34 of the moving terminal 30 can be provided with a groove, and the groove divides the second contact end 34 to form a third contact portion 341.
[0067] In one embodiment, such as Figure 13 and Figure 14 As shown, the intermediate conductive terminal 40 may include a plurality of intermediate conductive terminals 40', which are arranged in parallel, and each intermediate conductive terminal 40' has a second contact portion 431 at both ends.
[0068] exist Figure 13 and Figure 14 In the embodiment shown, the intermediate conductive terminal 40 may include two intermediate conductive sub-terminals 40'. The second contact portion 431 at one end of the intermediate conductive sub-terminal 40' may contact the third contact portion 341 on one moving terminal 30, and the second contact portion 431 at the other end of the intermediate conductive sub-terminal 40' may contact the third contact portion 341 on the other moving terminal 30, thereby forming two parallel conductive paths between the two moving terminals 30.
[0069] In one embodiment, such as Figure 6As shown, the drive assembly 50 includes a drive member 51 and at least two push members 52. Each push member 52 is connected to the drive member 51. Each push member 52 is connected to a moving terminal 30. The push member 52 is used to push the moving terminal 30 to move under the drive of the drive member 51, so that the moving terminal 30 contacts or separates from its corresponding stationary terminal 20 or intermediate conductive terminal 40.
[0070] The driving component 51 acts as a power source, outputting driving force to move all the pushing components 52. The pushing components 52 then displace the moving terminal 30 connected to them, causing the moving terminal 30 to make contact with or disconnect from the corresponding stationary terminal 20 and intermediate conductive terminal 40. This driving assembly has a simple and compact structure, suitable for use within the limited space inside a relay.
[0071] Specifically, such as Figure 6 As shown, the driving member 51 includes a main body 511 and at least two guide rods 512 connected to the main body 511. The pushing member 52 is a spring. The moving terminal 30 is provided with a through hole. Each guide rod 512 passes through a through hole on a moving terminal 30 and a spring connected to that moving terminal 30. One end of the spring is connected to the main body 511, and the other end is connected to the moving terminal 30.
[0072] When the main body 511 moves, it drives each guide rod 512 to move, which in turn drives the spring sleeved on the outside of the guide rod 512 to move. The spring pushes the moving terminal 30 toward its corresponding stationary terminal 20 or intermediate conductive terminal 40. After the moving terminal 30 contacts its corresponding stationary terminal 20 or intermediate conductive terminal 40, the guide rod 512 can continue to move a certain distance through the through hole on the moving terminal 30, so that the spring located between the moving terminal 30 and the main body 511 is further compressed, thereby pressing the moving terminal 30 against the stationary terminal 20 or intermediate conductive terminal 40.
[0073] In one embodiment, such as Figure 6 As shown, in the disconnected state, the gap between each moving terminal 30 and its corresponding stationary terminal 20 or intermediate conductive terminal 40 is the same. During the switching between the on and off states, the driving member 51 drives the pushing member 52 to move, and the pushing member 52 pushes the moving terminal 30 to simultaneously contact or separate from its corresponding stationary terminal 20 or intermediate conductive terminal 40.
[0074] The equal gaps at all disconnection points allow for a uniform distribution of the relay's total voltage among the disconnection points, further enhancing the arc-extinguishing effect. The synchronous contact and separation of each disconnection point avoids problems such as local arc persistence and voltage imbalance caused by time differences during disconnection, which helps to simultaneously disperse and quickly extinguish the arc energy.
[0075] Specifically, the side surfaces of the stationary terminal 20 and the intermediate conductive terminal 40 that are in contact with the moving terminal 30 are both located on the first plane, and the side surfaces of each moving terminal 30 facing the stationary terminal 20 or the intermediate conductive terminal 40 are both located on the same second plane. The distance between the first plane and the second plane is the gap between the moving terminal 30 and its corresponding stationary terminal 20 or intermediate conductive terminal 40.
[0076] like Figure 6 As shown, the gap width between the moving terminal 30a and its corresponding stationary terminal 20a or intermediate conductive terminal 40 is d1, and the gap width between the moving terminal 30b and its corresponding stationary terminal 20b or intermediate conductive terminal 40 is d2. The gap width d1 is equal to the gap width d2.
[0077] In one embodiment, in the disconnected state, the gaps between at least two moving terminals 30 and their corresponding stationary terminals 20 or intermediate conductive terminals 40 are not the same. During the switching between the on and off states, the driving member 51 drives the pushing member 52 to move, so that at least two pushing members 52 respectively push the moving terminals 30 and their corresponding stationary terminals 20 or intermediate conductive terminals 40 to sequentially contact or separate.
[0078] When the disconnection points separate sequentially, the first disconnection point to break takes priority in bearing the voltage and extinguishes the arc first, while the subsequent disconnection points bear the remaining voltage load, thereby optimizing the arc generation and extinguishing sequence. Furthermore, based on the working characteristics of the sequential disconnection of the moving terminal 30 with its corresponding stationary terminal 20 and intermediate conductive terminal 40, the materials used for the contact areas of each disconnection point can be optimized. For the first disconnection point that needs to withstand a higher instantaneous voltage, the contact areas of its moving terminal, stationary terminal, and intermediate conductive terminal can use conductive materials with better high-temperature resistance and arc erosion resistance; for the subsequent disconnection points that need to withstand a relatively smaller voltage load, relatively conventional conductive materials can be used.
[0079] Specifically, when the surfaces of the stationary terminal 20 and the intermediate conductive terminal 40 that are in contact with the moving terminal 30 are both located on the same plane, the pushers 52 connected to different moving terminals 30 can be set to different lengths to control the gap between the moving terminal 30 and its corresponding stationary terminal 20 or intermediate conductive terminal 40. For example, when the length of the pusher 52a connected to the moving terminal 30a is set to be shorter and the length of the pusher 52b connected to the moving terminal 30b is set to be longer, when the drive member 51 drives the pusher 52 to move, the moving terminal 30 connected to the pusher 52b contacts the stationary terminal 20b and the intermediate conductive terminal 40 first, and then the moving terminal 30 connected to the pusher 52a contacts the stationary terminal 20a and the intermediate conductive terminal 40.
[0080] Alternatively, when the surfaces of each moving terminal 30 facing the stationary terminal 20 or the intermediate conductive terminal 40 are all located on the same plane, the gap between the braking terminal 30 and its corresponding stationary terminal 20 or intermediate conductive terminal 40 can be adjusted by adjusting the thickness of the different stationary terminals 20 and the intermediate conductive terminal 40.
[0081] In one embodiment, the number of driving elements 51 is equal to the number of pushing elements 52, with each driving element 51 driving one pushing element 52 to move, and each pushing element 52 connected to a moving terminal 30. This configuration allows for independent control of each moving terminal 30, improving the flexibility and adjustability of relay on / off control.
[0082] This application also provides a vehicle, which includes a battery pack, a motor controller, and the aforementioned relay. The relay is connected between the battery pack and the motor controller.
[0083] The relay can be electrically connected to the high-voltage power supply line between the battery pack and the motor controller to control the on / off of the high-voltage power output from the battery pack. It is adapted to the high-voltage operating conditions of the vehicle battery pack and helps to improve the safety and stability of the vehicle's high-voltage system during operation.
[0084] It should be noted that the technical solutions or features described in the above embodiments can be combined or supplemented with each other without conflict. The scope of protection of this application is not limited to the precise structures described in the above embodiments and shown in the accompanying drawings; all modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application.
Claims
1. A relay, characterized in that, The relay includes: The housing includes a ceramic body and multiple sealing components; the ceramic body has a receiving space and multiple mounting holes, with each sealing component arranged around one of the mounting holes. At least two stationary terminals are provided, each of the stationary terminals being provided with a corresponding mounting hole, and the sealing member is connected between the stationary terminals and the ceramic body; At least two moving terminals are disposed within the receiving space; At least one intermediate conductive terminal is fixed within the receiving space; A drive assembly for driving the at least two moving terminals to move; The relay includes an on state and an off state; in the on state, the driving component drives the moving terminal to contact the stationary terminal and / or the intermediate conductive terminal; in the off state, the driving component drives the moving terminal to disengage from both the stationary terminal and the intermediate conductive terminal.
2. The relay according to claim 1, characterized in that, The at least two stationary terminals include a first stationary terminal and a second stationary terminal; at least one conductive path is provided between the first stationary terminal and the second stationary terminal; when there are multiple conductive paths, the multiple conductive paths are connected in parallel between the first stationary terminal and the second stationary terminal; Each of the aforementioned conductive paths includes N of the aforementioned intermediate conductive terminals and (N+1) of the aforementioned moving terminals; where N is a natural number greater than or equal to 1; The first moving terminal is used to electrically connect the first stationary terminal and the first intermediate conductive terminal; the i-th moving terminal is used to electrically connect the (i-1)-th intermediate conductive terminal and the i-th intermediate conductive terminal, where i is a natural number greater than or equal to 2 and less than or equal to N; the (N+1)-th moving terminal is used to electrically connect the N-th intermediate conductive terminal and the second stationary terminal.
3. The relay according to claim 1, characterized in that, Each of the stationary terminals extending into the receiving space includes at least two spaced-apart first contact portions; the intermediate conductive terminal includes two first contact ends, each first contact end including at least two spaced-apart second contact portions; the moving terminal includes two second contact ends, each second contact end including at least two spaced-apart third contact portions. When the second contact end contacts the stationary terminal, each third contact portion of the second contact end contacts one of the first contact portions. When the second contact end contacts the first contact end, each third contact portion of the second contact end contacts one of the second contact portions.
4. The relay according to claim 1, characterized in that, The drive assembly includes a drive element and at least two push elements; each of the push elements is connected to the drive element; Each of the pushers is connected to one of the moving terminals; the pusher is used to push the moving terminal to move under the drive of the drive member, so that the moving terminal and its corresponding stationary terminal or intermediate conductive terminal come into contact or separate.
5. The relay according to claim 4, characterized in that, In the disconnected state, the gap between each moving terminal and its corresponding stationary terminal or intermediate conductive terminal is the same; During the switching between the on state and the off state, the driving member drives the pushing member to move, and the pushing member pushes the moving terminal and its corresponding stationary terminal or intermediate conductive terminal to simultaneously contact or separate.
6. The relay according to claim 4, characterized in that, In the disconnected state, the gaps between at least two of the moving terminals and their corresponding stationary terminals or intermediate conductive terminals are not the same; During the switching between the on state and the off state, the driving member drives the pushing member to move, so that at least two of the pushing members respectively push the moving terminal and its corresponding stationary terminal or the intermediate conductive terminal to contact or separate in sequence.
7. The relay according to claim 1, characterized in that, The drive assembly includes at least two drive members and at least two push members; the number of drive members is equal to the number of push members; each drive member is used to drive one of the push members to move; each push member is connected to one of the moving terminals.
8. The relay according to claim 1, characterized in that, The housing includes multiple sidewalls that form an accommodating space; one of the sidewalls is a first sidewall, the stationary terminal and the intermediate conductive terminal are both fixed to the first sidewall, and the moving terminal is located within the accommodating space and on the side of the stationary terminal and the intermediate conductive terminal away from the first sidewall.
9. The relay according to claim 8, characterized in that, The stationary terminal, the moving terminal, and the intermediate conductive terminal are arranged along a straight line or a curve on the first sidewall.
10. The relay according to claim 8, characterized in that, The intermediate conductive terminal is fixed to the side of the first sidewall facing the receiving space; or, the intermediate conductive terminal penetrates through the first sidewall.
11. A vehicle, characterized in that, The vehicle includes a battery pack, a motor controller, and at least one relay as described in any one of claims 1 to 10; the relay is connected between the battery pack and the motor controller.