An anti-short circuit structure and a relay

Abstract

The utility model discloses an anti short circuit structure, relay, this anti short circuit structure includes switch and push unit, and switch includes movable contact and static contact, and push unit includes first elastic part and pusher, and first elastic part sets up and is placed between pusher and movable contact corresponding the closing direction of movable contact to provide the contact pressure of closing with static contact to movable contact when movable contact and static contact close, and pusher is equipped with first limit portion, and first limit portion sets up corresponding the closing direction of movable contact and extends the preset length along the width direction of movable contact to contact or approach movable contact along the closing direction of movable contact and limit the distance of movable contact and static contact separation when movable contact and static contact close, adopt above -mentioned technical scheme, can improve the related problem of long distance arc that appears when movable contact and static contact of existing relay because of the failure of large current separation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of relay technology, specifically to a short-circuit protection structure and a relay. Background Technology

[0002] Relays in the prior art are generally used to receive excitations or signals from external circuits to control the on / off state of the external circuit or one of its branches. A relay generally includes a driving part, a pushing part, and a contact part. The driving part receives excitations or signals from the external circuit to drive the pushing part. The driving part generally includes a coil assembly and an armature assembly. The coil assembly drives the armature assembly to move between two positions based on different signals or excitations. The contact part generally includes a moving contact and a stationary contact. The pushing part is generally driven by the armature assembly and connected to the moving contact to push the moving contact to close with the stationary contact.

[0003] In operation, existing relays may withstand extremely large short-circuit currents, especially when connecting or disconnecting inductive loads or when an external circuit fault occurs. When such a short circuit occurs, the enormous current flowing through the contacts generates a strong electrodynamic repulsion force. This repulsion force acts between the moving and stationary contacts, sufficient to cause them to separate. This separation of the moving and stationary contacts creates a long arc between the contacts, seriously threatening equipment safety. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this utility model is to overcome the above-mentioned defects or problems in the background technology and provide a short-circuit resistant structure and relay, which can improve the related problems caused by long-distance arcing due to the separation of moving and stationary contacts in existing relays caused by fault high current.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0006] A short-circuit resistant structure for a relay includes: a switch including a moving contact and a stationary contact; and a push unit adapted to be driven to move in a predetermined direction to push at least one moving contact to close or open with the stationary contact, the push unit including a first elastic member and a push member; the first elastic member is disposed between the push member and the moving contact corresponding to the closing direction of the moving contact, to provide a contact pressure to the moving contact to close with the stationary contact when the moving contact closes with the stationary contact; at least one of the push members is provided with a first limiting portion; the first limiting portion is disposed corresponding to the closing direction of the moving contact and extends a predetermined length along a first direction, to contact or approach the moving contact along the closing direction of the moving contact and limit the distance of separation between the moving contact and the stationary contact when the moving contact closes with the stationary contact; the first direction is the width direction of the moving contact.

[0007] Because the first limiting part is set to correspond to the closing direction of the moving contact, and the first limiting part extends a predetermined length along a first direction that is the width direction of the moving contact, when the relay encounters a large current impact such as a short circuit, the moving contact will try to move in the disconnection direction due to the electrodynamic force. At this time, the first limiting part can effectively block this tendency of the moving contact to move, limiting the separation distance between the moving contact and the stationary contact to a very small range. This structure can prevent the moving contact from separating too far from the stationary contact due to overcoming the elastic force of the first elastic member, suppress excessive arc elongation, and prevent the internal pressure of the relay from rising sharply or even exploding due to excessive arc energy. This significantly improves the relay's short-circuit resistance and operational safety. In particular, when the duration of the fault current is very short, the blocking of the moving contact by the first limiting part also helps the moving contact to automatically and quickly return to the closed position with the moving contact when the fault current disappears. The greater the length of the first limiting part extending along the first direction, the better it can ensure that it can lie across one side of the moving contact in the closing direction, increasing the contact area or contact point between the first limiting part and the moving contact, thereby more effectively preventing the moving contact from springing open. At the same time, the first elastic member is positioned between the pushing member and the moving contact, corresponding to the closing direction of the moving contact, ensuring that the moving contact and the stationary contact have a stable and reliable contact pressure in the closed state. This not only facilitates current conduction during normal operation but also helps maintain a tight contact state when the first limiting part performs its limiting function.

[0008] In at least one embodiment, the pushing unit moves linearly along a predetermined direction, the first direction being perpendicular to its direction of movement; or, the pushing unit swings along a predetermined direction, the first direction being perpendicular to the tangent of its direction of movement at at least one position where the pushing unit moves along the predetermined direction.

[0009] Since the first direction in which the first limiting part is located is perpendicular to the direction of motion of the pushing unit, whether it is linear motion or oscillation, this orthogonal design allows the driving mechanism to be arranged along its direction of motion, while the limiting structure utilizes the space in the first direction perpendicular to it. The two are spatially offset, reducing interference and space occupation, and helping to achieve a more compact component layout inside the relay.

[0010] In at least one embodiment, at least a portion of the first limiting portion corresponds to the middle portion of the moving contact in the width direction.

[0011] Because the first limiting part is positioned at the midpoint of the moving contact in the width direction, the limiting force applied by the first limiting part can act more symmetrically on the moving contact when it is impacted by a short-circuit repulsive force. This avoids deviation between the force applied to the moving contact and its central axis, reduces the possibility of the moving contact tilting or twisting, and makes the limiting effect more stable and reliable.

[0012] In at least one embodiment, the two ends of the first limiting portion extend beyond or are flush with the two side edges in the width direction of the portion of the moving contact corresponding to the first limiting portion along the first direction.

[0013] Because this structure ensures that the first limiting part can completely cover the width of the moving contact, it guarantees that there is sufficient contact area between the two when the moving contact springs open, providing a more reliable blocking effect. It can prevent the moving contact from bypassing the first limiting part due to lateral displacement or torsion, further enhancing the reliability of the limiting function.

[0014] In at least one embodiment, the movable contact is provided with a movable contact point and a pushed portion arranged sequentially along a second direction; the first elastic member is placed between the pusher and the pushed portion; the first limiting portion is located between the movable contact point and the pushed portion of the movable contact along a first direction; the second direction is the length direction of at least a portion of the movable contact.

[0015] Because the moving contact and the pushed portion are arranged sequentially along a second direction, which is at least part of its length, the first elastic member is placed between the pushing member and the pushed portion, and the first limiting portion is located between the moving contact and the pushed portion along a first direction (i.e., the width direction of the moving contact). This arrangement allows the first elastic member to apply a smooth driving force and contact pressure to the moving contact. More importantly, because the first limiting portion is spatially positioned between the moving contact and the pushed portion (viewed along the second direction), when a short circuit occurs and the first limiting portion prevents the moving contact from opening, its position of action is closer to the moving contact, thereby more directly and effectively limiting the opening amplitude of the moving contact itself, improving the accuracy and effectiveness of the limiting.

[0016] In at least one embodiment, the first limiting portion extends in a wall-like shape and is located in a second direction between the moving contact and the pushed portion of the moving contact.

[0017] Because the first limiting portion extends in a wall-like shape and is located along the second direction (i.e., the length direction of the moving contact) between the moving contact and the pushed portion, this wall-like first limiting portion not only possesses high structural strength due to its extended structure, making it less prone to deformation or damage when subjected to the enormous impact force generated by short-circuit current, thus ensuring the reliability of the limiting function, but more importantly, this wall-like structure forms a physical barrier between the moving contact and the pushed portion (along the second direction). When the moving contact closes with one side of the stationary contact, this wall-like limiting portion effectively increases the electrical clearance, especially the air gap, between the first elastic element and the stationary contact or other conductive parts on the other non-conductive side. This improves the breakdown voltage withstand capability between these components, enhances the insulation performance of the relay, and makes it more suitable for high-voltage environments. Furthermore, this physical barrier effectively separates the location of the first elastic element and the location of the moving contact in space, reducing the risk of interference during the movement of the moving contact and improving the reliability of the operation.

[0018] In at least one embodiment, when the movable contact is in one of the disconnected positions separated from the stationary contact, at least a portion of the extended surface of the first limiting portion forms an angle with a reference surface defined by a first direction and a third direction, wherein the third direction is perpendicular to both the first direction and the second direction; or, when the movable contact is in one of the disconnected positions separated from the stationary contact, at least a portion of the extended surface of the first limiting portion is perpendicular to the second direction.

[0019] By setting the extension surface of the first limiting part to form an angle with the reference surface or directly perpendicular to the length direction of the moving contact, the shape and position of the first limiting part relative to the moving contact are limited. The setting of the first limiting part can be optimized according to the internal space constraints and safety requirements of the relay to meet the miniaturization needs of the relay. Furthermore, when the first limiting part is perpendicular to the length direction of the moving contact, since the movement amplitude of the moving contact is small, the first limiting part can contact the moving contact in a roughly vertical posture, ensuring that the first limiting part can better apply force to the moving contact and improving the reliability of the limiting effect of the first limiting part on the moving contact.

[0020] In at least one embodiment, the pusher has sidewalls located on both sides of the moving contact member in a first direction, and the first limiting portion is disposed between the two sidewalls along the first direction.

[0021] The pusher has sidewalls on both sides of the moving contact in the first direction (i.e., the width direction of the moving contact). The presence of the sidewalls enhances the overall rigidity and structural strength of the pusher, enabling it to provide reliable support for the moving contact. A first limiting portion is disposed between these two sidewalls along the first direction, such that the first limiting portion is opposite to the thickness surface of the moving contact. The dimensions of the first limiting portion along the first direction and / or the length direction of the moving contact can be increased as needed to provide a more reliable short-circuit protection effect and ensure that it does not interfere with the movement of the moving contact.

[0022] In at least one embodiment, the first limiting portion has a wall-like structure, with its two edges in the first direction respectively connected to the two side walls; or, the first limiting portion has a wall-like structure and is perpendicular to or at an angle to the first direction.

[0023] Because the first limiting part has a wall-like structure and its two edges in the first direction (i.e., the width direction of the moving contact) are correspondingly connected to the two side walls, this connection method makes the first limiting part and the two side walls form a more integrated and structurally stable component. When the first limiting part is subjected to impact force, it can effectively transmit the force to the side walls on both sides and distribute it to the entire pusher structure through the side walls, thereby further improving the impact resistance and structural stability of the first limiting part and ensuring the reliability of its limiting function under high impact force. In addition, when the first limiting part is subjected to impact force, it can be effectively supported by the two side walls and is not prone to lateral displacement or deformation, thereby ensuring the stability and reliability of the limiting function. Meanwhile, these two side walls, together with the first limiting part, form a structure similar to a channel or cavity. This not only helps guide the movement of the moving contact and reduce its shaking during movement, but also facilitates the installation and positioning of the first elastic element. In addition, when the moving contact is closed with either side stationary contact, the side wall structure can further effectively increase the electrical clearance between the moving contact and the other side stationary contact or other conductive parts through the physical barrier of the side wall, thereby improving the withstand voltage strength and making the product more suitable for high voltage or high current environments.

[0024] Since the first limiting part has a wall-like structure and is perpendicular to or at an angle to the first direction, the first limiting part also has a certain extension dimension in the length direction of the moving contact, which increases or enlarges the contact area or contact point between the first limiting part and the moving contact. The structural strength of the first limiting part itself is also greater, so it can more effectively block the tendency of the moving contact to spring away.

[0025] In at least one embodiment, the pushing unit is driven by a driving part with a positioning locking function or driven by a transmission mechanism with a mechanical self-locking function, so as to push at least one moving contact to close or open with a stationary contact and lock the state of the corresponding moving contact at least in the closed position.

[0026] Because the push unit is driven by a drive section with a locking function or a transmission mechanism with a mechanical self-locking function, it ensures that when the moving contact and the stationary contact are closed, the push unit and the moving contact can be reliably held in their current closed position, and are not easily pushed open by external force even without continuous driving force (e.g., after the drive power is cut off). When a large current surge occurs and the moving contact is subjected to a huge electrodynamic force attempting to separate it from the stationary contact, the first limiting part transmits this force to the push member. Since the position of the push member is effectively locked by the drive section or transmission mechanism, the push member can stably resist the electrodynamic force, thereby effectively preventing the moving contact from jumping out. This enhances the short-circuit resistance of the first limiting part and ensures the reliability and safety of the relay under short-circuit conditions.

[0027] In at least one embodiment, the transmission mechanism with mechanical self-locking function includes a worm gear mechanism with a lead angle less than or equal to the friction angle, or a helical connection mechanism with an inclined friction angle greater than the helix angle.

[0028] Because these transmission mechanisms employ worm gear mechanisms with a lead angle less than or equal to the friction angle, or helical connection mechanisms with an inclined friction angle greater than the helix angle, they possess inherent self-locking characteristics. This makes it difficult for the driven component (the part connected to the push unit) to reverse-drive the driving component (the part connected to the drive source). Therefore, when the moving contact generates a reverse force due to a short-circuit current impact and transmits it to the transmission mechanism through the push unit, this reverse force cannot be transmitted back through the transmission mechanism to reverse the drive source or cause the mechanism to move in the opposite direction. This ensures the stability of the push unit in the closed position, maintaining the closed state even under significant reaction forces, thereby enhancing the relay's short-circuit withstand capability.

[0029] In at least one embodiment, the driving part includes a motor with a positioning locking function; the pushing member is driven by a rotating member, which is driven by the motor to rotate about a first axis.

[0030] Because the drive unit includes a motor, and the pushing component is driven by a rotating component that rotates around a first axis, this drive method uses a motor to provide power, transmitting rotational motion to the pushing component via the rotating component, thus achieving precise control of the pushing component's movement. Using a motor drive facilitates automated control, and the displacement of the pushing component and the closing and opening of the moving contact can be precisely controlled by adjusting the motor's rotation angle and direction. Simultaneously, the motor has a locking function; when the motor-driven rotating component reaches a predetermined closed or open position and stops, the motor's own locking mechanism ensures that the rotating component and the connected pushing component remain stably in that position, preventing unexpected displacement due to vibration, impact, or contact rebound force. This directly enhances the stability of the contact's closed state and the reliability of its open state, which is crucial for maintaining the relay's normal operating condition.

[0031] In at least one embodiment, the driving part includes a coil assembly and an armature assembly; the coil assembly is provided with a magnetic driving end, and the polarity temporarily formed by the magnetic driving end is reversed by the pulse electrical signal to drive the armature assembly to move linearly or swing; the armature assembly has a permanent magnet to keep the armature assembly and the coil assembly in a magnetic attraction state and form a locking function when the electrical signal disappears, and the pusher is driven by the armature assembly.

[0032] Because the drive unit achieves the locking function through the cooperation of the coil assembly and the armature assembly, it can maintain the magnetic attraction state without continuous power supply, thus reducing the energy consumption of the relay. The magnetic locking force provided by the permanent magnet can reliably fix the armature assembly and the push unit in the working position, providing solid support for the first limiting part to resist short-circuit repulsion.

[0033] In at least one embodiment, the rotating member is provided with a first mating part; the pushing member is provided with a second mating part that slides in a direction perpendicular to the first axis, so that it is driven by the rotating member to swing around a first axis parallel to the first axis or to move in a third direction.

[0034] This method of connection effectively converts the rotational motion of the rotating component around the first axis into the oscillating or linear motion of the driving unit to drive the moving contact. Its structure is relatively simple, and the motion transmission is direct, which helps improve transmission efficiency and the compactness of the mechanism.

[0035] In at least one embodiment, when the pushing unit pushes at least one moving contact to close with a stationary contact, the direction of the force exerted by the second mating part on the first mating part passes through or is close to the first axis.

[0036] By utilizing the principle of "over-dead point" or "near-dead point," the stability of the actuating unit in the closed position is improved. When the line of force approaches or passes through the rotation center (first axis), the torque generated by the force on the first axis is very small or close to zero. Therefore, when a short circuit occurs, and the moving contact transmits the huge reaction force back to the second mating part through the first limiting part and the actuating unit, this reaction force, when acting on the first mating part, is unlikely to cause the rotating part to rotate in the opposite direction around the first axis. The mechanical self-locking capability inherent in this structure greatly enhances the stability of the actuating unit in the closed position. Together with the first limiting part, it significantly improves the short-circuit resistance of the relay, and this self-locking effect can be achieved without relying on the motor's own locking function.

[0037] In at least one embodiment, one of the first mating part and the second mating part is a sliding groove extending perpendicular to the first axis, and the other is a sliding pin extending into the sliding groove along the first axis, wherein the sliding pin is offset relative to the first axis.

[0038] The first and second mating parts are specifically structured as sliding grooves and offset sliding pins that mate with them. This sliding groove and pin mating method ensures a more accurate relative sliding trajectory between the two, resulting in smoother movement and reducing impact and vibration during operation. Simultaneously, this connection is relatively compact, helping to reduce the overall size of the mechanism. The offset sliding pin design further optimizes force transmission and motion characteristics. More importantly, compared to some other connection methods, this mating method is less prone to the generation of metal shavings and other contaminants due to long-term friction, thus helping to maintain the cleanliness of the relay's internal components and extending its service life and reliability.

[0039] In at least one embodiment, the pusher is provided with an overlap portion, and the moving contact is adapted to overlap the overlap portion when disconnected from the stationary contact to ensure disconnection from the stationary contact.

[0040] Because the overlapping portion provides a clear support surface or positioning reference for the moving contact during or after disconnection, it helps ensure that the moving contact can reliably follow the pushing component to complete the disconnection action, preventing the moving contact from failing to completely disconnect or remaining in an uncertain position due to insufficient elastic recovery or other factors. Simultaneously, after the moving contact disconnects from the stationary contact, the overlapping portion can restrict the free movement range of the moving contact, improving the accuracy of the switching action and the stability of the disconnection state.

[0041] In at least one embodiment, at least two switches form a first switch group; in the first switch group, each switch shares a moving contact to form a common moving contact, and the stationary contacts of each switch are located on both sides of the common moving contact along the direction of movement of the common moving contact. The common moving contact is driven by a pushing unit to close with the stationary contacts on both sides in two closing directions.

[0042] Since at least two switches form a first switch group, and within this first switch group, each switch shares a moving contact to form a common moving contact, and the stationary contacts of each switch are located on either side of the common moving contact along the direction of its movement, the common moving contact is driven by a push unit to close with the stationary contacts on both sides in two closing directions. This design, by sharing a moving contact, significantly reduces the number of components inside the relay, making the overall layout of the switch more compact, improving the integration of the contact parts, and thus simplifying and miniaturizing the overall structure of the contact parts. Especially when a moving contact with a large current-carrying cross-section is required to increase the current-carrying capacity of the relay, the shared moving contact can effectively save the space occupied by the contact parts. In addition, this structure can also reduce the number of drive ends used to drive the movement of the moving contact, correspondingly reducing the structural complexity and volume of the drive and / or push parts. This not only helps to reduce the overall size of the relay but also helps to reduce material costs (such as copper loss) and manufacturing costs. Since the stationary contacts of the first switch group are arranged on both sides of the common moving contact along its direction of action, the common moving contact only needs to move in one direction (e.g., straight line or swing) to switch positions with the different stationary contacts on both sides. This reduces the complexity of the motion trajectory requirements of the push and drive parts, simplifies the design difficulty, and improves the space utilization of the relay in the direction of action of the common moving contact.

[0043] In at least one embodiment, the pusher is further provided with a second limiting portion, which is arranged corresponding to the closing direction of the common moving contact; when the pusher drives the common moving contact to disconnect from the stationary contact on either side, the second limiting portion blocks the movement of the common moving contact along the closing direction toward the stationary contact on that side, so as to ensure that the common moving contact is disconnected from the stationary contact on that side.

[0044] By adding a second limiting part to the pusher, which is positioned corresponding to the closing direction of the moving contact, and blocking the movement of the moving contact along the closing direction when the pusher causes the moving contact to disconnect from the stationary contact, this design ensures that a reliable disconnection gap is formed and maintained between the moving contact and the stationary contact in the original closing direction. This improves the stability of the switch in the open state, effectively preventing the moving contact from accidentally moving in the closing direction due to external vibration, impact, or other interference factors, thereby avoiding the risk of accidental contact or mis-connection and enhancing the safety and reliability of the relay in the open state.

[0045] In at least one embodiment, the pushing unit provides a first limiting portion and a first elastic member on the stationary contacts on both sides corresponding to the two closing directions of the common moving contact; wherein, when the common moving contact is disconnected from the stationary contact on either side, the first elastic member on the other side acts on the common moving contact to make it overlap with the pushing member.

[0046] By utilizing the functional reuse of components, comprehensive functional protection for bidirectional operation is achieved while simplifying the number of components and the overall structure, thus improving the design's economy and compactness. On one hand, it ensures that the common moving contact, regardless of which side's stationary contact it closes with, receives stable and reliable contact pressure through the corresponding first elastic element, and achieves effective short-circuit protection through the corresponding first limiting part. On the other hand, when the common moving contact disconnects from one side, the first elastic element, which originally provided contact pressure between the moving contact and the stationary contact on the other side, can assist the pushing element in receiving the common moving contact, ensuring its smooth disconnection and movement to the other side or the middle position until it stops at the disconnected position.

[0047] In at least one embodiment, the common moving contact can also be driven by the pusher to stop between the stationary contacts on both sides along the direction of movement of the common moving contact and disconnect from both stationary contacts; the pusher is also provided with at least two second limiting parts, which are arranged corresponding to the two closing directions of the common moving contact. When the pusher drives the common moving contact to stop between the stationary contacts on both sides along the direction of movement of the common moving contact, the at least two second limiting parts prevent the common moving contact from closing with the stationary contact on either side along any closing direction.

[0048] Because the common moving contact can also be driven by the pusher to stop between the stationary contacts on both sides along its direction of movement, and the pusher is provided with at least two second limiting parts, which correspond to the two closing directions of the common moving contact respectively. When the pusher drives the common moving contact to stop in the middle position between the two stationary contacts, these two second limiting parts can simultaneously or separately prevent the common moving contact from accidentally closing with either stationary contact in either closing direction. This design ensures that the switch can be reliably placed in a "fully open" or "intermediately isolated" state, in which the common moving contact remains open with both stationary contacts. This enhances the stability and reliability of this intermediate open state, prevents accidental connection caused by external factors such as vibration and impact, and thus greatly improves the operational safety of the relay. It is particularly suitable for circuit control applications that require a clear open / isolated state, such as equipment maintenance or specific operating mode switching.

[0049] In at least one embodiment, the first limiting part of the common moving contact corresponding to any closing direction is the second limiting part corresponding to the other closing direction.

[0050] Since the first limiting part of the common moving contact in any closing direction is also the second limiting part in the other closing direction, this means that in a common moving contact structure with bidirectional closing function, a physical limiting structure can simultaneously perform limiting functions in two directions: when the common moving contact closes with one of the stationary contacts, the first limiting part corresponding to that stationary contact can resist the impact of large fault currents; simultaneously, when the common moving contact stops at the fully open position, the first limiting part can also serve as a second limiting part to prevent the common moving contact from accidentally closing to another stationary contact. This design, through the integration of component functions, further simplifies the structure of the pusher, reduces the number of required independent limiting components, helps to achieve a more compact design and lower manufacturing costs, while ensuring the integrity and reliability of the limiting function in both operating directions and the intermediate open position.

[0051] In addition, the present invention also adopts the following technical solutions:

[0052] A relay that employs a short-circuit protection structure as described in any of the preceding claims.

[0053] Because the relay employs the aforementioned short-circuit protection structure, it integrates one or more of the aforementioned short-circuit protection features, thereby giving it a stronger overall ability to resist short-circuit current surges. Specifically, according to the combination of the specific claims, the relay can achieve a combination of beneficial effects, such as enhanced contact holding force, prevention of contacts from springing open due to electrodynamic forces, suppression of arcing, improved insulation performance, and ensuring reliable disconnection. This allows the relay to operate more safely and reliably under harsh operating conditions, such as when connecting high-power inductive loads or encountering line faults, effectively extending the relay's own service life and improving the safety of the controlled equipment and the entire system.

[0054] In at least one embodiment, the switch includes at least two switches, the length directions of each movable contact are parallel to each other in a preset projection plane, and the swing ends of at least two adjacent movable contacts are located at the same end or different ends in their length directions.

[0055] Because the relay employing the aforementioned short-circuit protection structure includes at least two switches, and the moving contacts in these switches are parallel to each other in a predetermined projection plane, while the swing ends of these two moving contacts can be located at the same end or different ends in their length directions. This structure, with at least two moving contacts arranged in parallel, facilitates a more compact contact system arrangement, allowing for more contact groups or more complex circuit switching logic to be implemented within a limited space. The flexibility of the swing end position (same end or different ends) allows for adjustments based on the design requirements and space constraints of the drive mechanism. For example, swing ends at different ends may facilitate a symmetrical drive method or achieve a longer electrical clearance, while swing ends at the same end may be suitable for certain specific linkage mechanisms. This structural layout not only relates to the physical dimensions of the relay but also has a positive impact on its mechanical performance, electrical performance, and achievable switching functions, such as improving heat dissipation, optimizing the mechanical transmission path, or facilitating multiple parallel / series combinations. Attached Figure Description

[0056] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model, the drawings used in the following description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0057] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the relay in Example 1;

[0058] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the relay in Embodiment 1;

[0059] Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the relay in Embodiment 1 from another perspective;

[0060] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the relay in Embodiment 1 from another perspective;

[0061] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the relay in the X direction in Example 1;

[0062] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the relay in the Z direction in Example 1;

[0063] Figure 7 for Figure 6 Schematic diagram of section AA;

[0064] Figure 8 This is a partial structural diagram of the pushing part in Embodiment 1;

[0065] Figure 9 This is a partial structural diagram of the pushing part and the contact part in Embodiment 1;

[0066] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the pusher component in Embodiment 1;

[0067] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the rotating component in Embodiment 1;

[0068] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of different structures of the first limiting part in Embodiment 1.

[0069] Explanation of key figure labels:

[0070] Contact portion 100; First switch group 111; Second switch group 112; First switch 121; Second switch 122; Third switch 123; Moving contact 131; Moving contact 132; Pushed part 133; Fixed part 134; Actuating part 135; Flexible connection part 136; Common moving contact 137; Stationary contact 141; Stationary contact 142; Common stationary contact 143; Mounting base 150; Base body 151; Connector 152;

[0071] Pushing part 200; rotating part 210; main shaft 211; sliding pin 212; pushing unit 220; connecting body 221; pushing body 222; first elastic element 223; first limiting part 224; second limiting part 225; pushing part 226; sliding groove 227; side wall 228; overlapping part 229; metal swing arm 230; shaft connecting part 231; extension part 232; pushing connecting part 233; rotating shaft 240; swing block 250;

[0072] Drive section 300. Detailed Implementation

[0073] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are preferred embodiments of the present utility model and should not be considered as excluding other embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present utility model without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present utility model.

[0074] Terminology Definition

[0075] In the claims and description of this utility model, unless otherwise specified, the use of terms such as "first," "second," or "third" is to distinguish different objects, rather than to describe a specific order.

[0076] Unless otherwise specified, in the claims and description of this utility model, the terms "X-axis direction", "Y-axis direction", "Z-axis direction", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation and positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the purpose of simplifying the description, and do not imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation.

[0077] Unless otherwise specified, the terms "fixed connection" or "fixed connection" used in the claims and description of this utility model shall be interpreted broadly to refer to any connection in which there is no displacement or relative rotation relationship between the two parties, that is, including non-removable fixed connection, detachable fixed connection, integral connection, and fixed connection by other devices or components.

[0078] Unless otherwise specified, the use of the terms "comprising," "having," and variations thereof in the claims and description of this utility model is intended to mean "including but not limited to."

[0079] In the claims and description of this utility model, unless otherwise specified, the term "switch" shall be interpreted as: "a switch includes a moving contact and a stationary contact," and should be understood as each switch must have a moving contact and a stationary contact for closing or opening the switch. When two or more switches share a single moving contact (i.e., a common moving contact), the shared moving contact can be closed or opened with the stationary contacts of these switches respectively.

[0080] In the claims and description of this utility model, unless otherwise specified, the term "moving contact" should be interpreted as: a component that moves entirely or partially by being pushed by a pushed part to close or open with a stationary contact. In this application, when "moving contact" is used to describe its position, orientation, or relative relationship with the limiting part, it should be understood to specifically refer to its movable main body, especially its actuating end for contacting the stationary contact.

[0081] In the claims and description of this utility model, unless otherwise specified, the term "static contact" should be interpreted as: a component that remains fixed in position relative to the movement of the moving contact. In this application, when "static contact" is used to describe spatial distribution or relative position with the moving contact, it should be understood to specifically refer to the portion of the static contact that contacts the moving contact.

[0082] In the claims and description of this utility model, unless otherwise specified, the terms "moving contact and pushed part" shall be interpreted as: "moving contact" refers to a specific area on the moving contact for making electrical contact with the stationary contact of the stationary contact; "pushed part" refers to an area or part on the moving contact for receiving the thrust from the pushing unit and moving.

[0083] In the claims and description of this utility model, unless otherwise specified, the terms "width direction (first direction) of the moving contact," "length direction (second direction) of the moving contact," and "third direction" should be interpreted as follows: For ease of description, this application defines a three-dimensional coordinate system. The second direction (X-axis) is the main extension direction of the moving contact from its fixed end or rotation center to its moving contact point, i.e., the length direction. The first direction (Y-axis) is the width direction of the moving contact perpendicular to the second direction. The third direction (Z-axis) is the direction that is perpendicular to both the first and second directions, and generally corresponds to the main movement direction when the moving contact and the stationary contact are closed or opened.

[0084] In the claims and description of this utility model, unless otherwise specified, the terms "moving direction of the moving contact" and "closing direction of the moving contact" should be interpreted as follows: "moving direction of the moving contact" should be understood as bidirectional, for example, for a common moving contact, it refers to the direction of its reciprocating motion between two stationary contacts. "Closing direction of the moving contact" should be understood as unidirectional, referring to the direction of motion of the moving contact when it moves toward and finally contacts a specific stationary contact. The closing direction is one component of the moving direction. The moving direction or closing direction can be a linear motion direction or a tangential direction of oscillating motion.

[0085] In the claims and description of this utility model, unless otherwise specified, the term "pushing unit" shall be interpreted as: a collection of components that directly or indirectly push the moving contact member to move. In this application, its core components include a pushing member and a first elastic member.

[0086] In the claims and description of this utility model, unless otherwise specified, the term "push member" shall be interpreted as: the core rigid component within the push unit, which carries the functional structures such as the first limiting part and the second limiting part, and is used to transmit the driving force from the drive part, and to provide support for the first elastic member.

[0087] In the claims and description of this utility model, unless otherwise specified, the term "first elastic element" shall be interpreted as: an elastic element (such as a spring) provided in the actuating unit, whose main function is to provide stable and reliable contact pressure to the moving contact through the stored elastic potential energy when the moving contact and the stationary contact are closed.

[0088] In the claims and description of this utility model, unless otherwise specified, the term "first limiting part" should be interpreted as: a structure provided on the pusher member for limiting the separation of the moving contact from the stationary contact due to the electrodynamic repulsive force of the fault current through direct physical contact when the moving contact is closed. Its position is on the side of the moving contact's disconnection direction (the moving contact facing away from the corresponding stationary contact) (e.g., above the moving contact). Only with this understanding can the first limiting part contact or approach the moving contact along the closing direction of the moving contact and limit the disconnection distance of the moving contact when the moving contact is closed.

[0089] In the claims and description of this utility model, unless otherwise specified, the term "second limiting part" shall be interpreted as: a structure provided on the pusher for ensuring a reliable disconnection gap between the moving contact and the stationary contact by physical blocking when the moving contact is disconnected, or locking the moving contact in an intermediate isolation position.

[0090] In the claims and description of this utility model, unless otherwise specified, the term "limiting the distance between the moving contact and the stationary contact" should be interpreted as: this statement refers to the core function of the first limiting part, that is, when a short circuit occurs, the first limiting part acts as an insurmountable mechanical barrier, forcibly constraining the spring-off stroke of the moving contact within a very small, preset range, which is much smaller than the separation distance that can be achieved without this limiting part and only by the first elastic member abutting.

[0091] In the claims and description of this utility model, unless otherwise specified, the term "the first limiting part contacts or approaches the moving contact along the closing direction of the moving contact when the moving contact and the stationary contact are closed" should be interpreted as follows: this statement should be understood as meaning that when the switch is closed, the first limiting part and the moving contact can be in direct contact with zero gap, or in a "approaching" state with a very small preset gap. Here, "approaching" means that the gap is small enough that under the action of short-circuit repulsion, the initial movement of the moving contact will be immediately blocked by the first limiting part, thereby achieving effective limiting.

[0092] In the claims and description of this utility model, unless otherwise specified, the term "at least a portion of the first limiting portion corresponds to the middle portion of the moving contact in the width direction" should be interpreted as follows: this expression is intended to define the symmetry of the position of the first limiting portion, meaning that the geometric center line of the first limiting portion, or at least a section of its effective limiting area, is aligned or substantially coincident with the geometric center line of the moving contact in the first direction (width direction) to ensure that the limiting force is applied uniformly and to prevent the moving contact from deflecting.

[0093] In the claims and description of this utility model, unless otherwise specified, the term "the two ends of the first limiting part extend beyond or are flush with the two sides of the moving contact" should be interpreted as: this expression defines the coverage area of ​​the first limiting part, meaning that the total length of the first limiting part in the width direction is greater than or equal to the width of the moving contact part directly below it, thereby ensuring that no matter what lateral displacement of the moving contact occurs within the normal tolerance range, it can be completely covered and effectively blocked by the first limiting part.

[0094] In the claims and description of this utility model, unless otherwise specified, the term "the first limiting portion extends in a wall-like manner" should be interpreted as meaning that the first limiting portion has a certain thickness and height, forming a wall-like shape. This structure not only provides high mechanical strength to resist huge impact forces, but also forms a physical barrier between components such as the moving contact and the first elastic member, increasing the electrical clearance and improving insulation performance.

[0095] In the claims and description of this utility model, unless otherwise specified, the terms "at least part of the extension surface of the first limiting portion forms an angle with...reference surface" or "perpendicular to the second direction" should be interpreted as defining the orientation of the first limiting portion in space. Here, "reference surface" is a plane defined by a first direction (width) and a third direction (height / direction of movement). "Forming an angle" means that its extension surface is inclined; "perpendicular to the second direction" means that its extension surface extends transversely along the length of the moving contact member.

[0096] In the claims and description of this utility model, unless otherwise specified, the term "sidewall" shall be interpreted as: a wall-like structure provided on both sides of the pusher in the first direction (width direction) and connected to the first limiting part. Its main function is to provide structural support for the first limiting part, enhance the overall rigidity of the pusher, and assist in guiding the movement of the moving contact.

[0097] In the claims and description of this utility model, unless otherwise specified, the term "first limiting part...the two edges are correspondingly connected to the two said side walls" should be interpreted as: this expression defines a high-strength connection method, meaning that the two ends of the first limiting part and the two side walls form an integral, robust structure similar to a "door frame" or "groove", thereby effectively dispersing the impact force to the entire pushing member.

[0098] In the claims and description of this utility model, unless otherwise specified, the term "common moving contact" shall be interpreted as: in this application, specifically referring to a moving contact shared by at least two switches (forming a first switch group).

[0099] In the claims and description of this utility model, unless otherwise specified, the term "first switch group" shall be interpreted as: a set of at least two switches, wherein these switches share a common moving contact (i.e., a common moving contact), and the stationary contacts of each switch are located on both sides of the direction of action of the common moving contact, so as to realize the function of a changeover switch.

[0100] In the claims and description of this utility model, unless otherwise specified, the term "common moving contact resting between the stationary contacts on both sides" should be interpreted as meaning that the common moving contact can be stably held in a middle, isolated position where it is disconnected from both stationary contacts on both sides. In this position, the common moving contact has no electrical connection to the circuits on both sides, forming a reliable "fully disconnected" state.

[0101] In the claims and description of this utility model, unless otherwise specified, the term "the first limiting part of the common moving contact corresponding to any closing direction is the second limiting part corresponding to the other closing direction" should be interpreted as: this statement refers to a design of component function reuse. That is, the same physical structure acts as the "first limiting part" (providing short-circuit protection) when the common moving contact is closed to one side; and acts as the "second limiting part" (preventing it from being accidentally closed to the other side) when the common moving contact is in the intermediate isolation position.

[0102] In the claims and description of this utility model, unless otherwise specified, the terms "driving part" and "transmission mechanism" shall be interpreted as follows: "driving part" refers to the component that provides the original power, such as a motor or electromagnetic coil. "Transmission mechanism" refers to the mechanical structure that transmits and converts the power of the driving part, such as a worm gear or crank-slider mechanism. The two can work together.

[0103] In the claims and description of this utility model, unless otherwise specified, the terms "position locking function" and "mechanical self-locking function" shall be interpreted as follows: "Position locking function" refers to the ability of the drive part or transmission mechanism to maintain the push unit in a predetermined working position (such as a closed position) even when the driving force is lost, relying on its own structure or mechanical properties to resist the reverse force. "Mechanical self-locking function" is a way to realize the "position locking function", specifically referring to the locking of reverse drive achieved by the transmission mechanism using friction or mechanical principles (such as worm gears, over-dead-point mechanisms).

[0104] In the claims and description of this utility model, unless otherwise specified, the term "rotating component" shall be interpreted as: a core rotating component in a transmission mechanism used to convert the power of the driving part into a specific motion (such as oscillation or linear motion), such as a crankshaft or cam.

[0105] In the claims and description of this utility model, unless otherwise specified, the terms "first mating part and second mating part" shall be interpreted as: a pair of mutually mating structures respectively disposed on the rotating member and the pushing member, used to transmit the rotational motion of the rotating member into the oscillating or linear motion of the pushing member. For example, one of them may be a sliding pin and the other a sliding groove.

[0106] In the claims and description of this utility model, unless otherwise specified, the term "direction of the force passes through or is close to the first axis" should be interpreted as follows: In the "over-dead-point" self-locking mechanism, when the relay is in the closed state, the force transmitted from the driven contact to the first mating part of the rotating member via the second mating part of the pushing unit has a force vector or its extension line that is spatially zero or minimally distant from the rotation center axis (first axis) of the rotating member. In this state, the reverse rotational torque generated by this force on the first axis is zero or minimal, thereby forming a mechanical self-locking mechanism.

[0107] In the claims and description of this utility model, unless otherwise specified, the term "overlapping part" shall be interpreted as: a structure provided on the pusher for overlapping or contacting a specific part of the moving contact during or after the moving contact is disconnected, so as to ensure that the moving contact can reliably complete the disconnection action and remain stably in the disconnected position.

[0108] In the claims and description of this utility model, unless otherwise specified, the term "swing end of the moving contact" shall be interpreted as: the end of the moving contact that directly or indirectly interacts with the pushing unit and thereby swings or moves, while the opposite end is usually a fixed end or a rotation center.

[0109] The technical solutions in the embodiments will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0110] Example 1

[0111] Example 1 relates to a relay that employs a short-circuit resistant structure, such as... Figure 1 As shown, the relay includes a contact portion 100, a push portion 200, a drive portion 300, and a housing. The contact portion 100 is used to control the on / off state of an external circuit or at least one branch thereof. The push portion 200 is used to actuate the contact portion 100 to close or open. The drive portion 300 is used to receive external signals or excitations to drive the push portion 200 to move. The housing houses the contact portion 100, the push portion 200, and the drive portion 300.

[0112] The drive section 300 is the power source for the relay, responsible for receiving external control signals and generating mechanical motion. The push section 200 acts as the transmission hub, precisely transmitting the motion generated by the drive section 300 to the contact section 100. The contact section 100 is the final component for controlling the on / off state of the circuit, and the state of its internal switch is directly controlled by the action of the push section 200.

[0113] In Embodiment 1, the short-circuit protection structure of the relay includes a switch and a drive unit 220, wherein the switch belongs to the contact portion 100 and the drive unit 220 belongs to the drive portion 200. The short-circuit protection structure will now be described by introducing the contact portion 100 and the drive portion 200.

[0114] like Figure 1 As shown, the contact portion 100 includes at least two switches, each switch including a moving contact 131 and a stationary contact 141 for closing or opening the switch. In this embodiment, the contact portion 100 includes three switches, namely a first switch 121, a second switch 122, and a third switch 123, wherein the third switch 123 can be referred to as... Figure 3 .

[0115] Among them, at least two switches form a first switch group 111. For example... Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, in this embodiment, the first switch 121 and the second switch 122 form a first switch group 111. In the first switch group 111, each switch shares a moving contact 131 to form a common moving contact 137. The stationary contacts 141 of each switch are located on both sides of the common moving contact 137 along the direction of movement of the common moving contact 137. In this embodiment, the common moving contact 137 swings in a plane perpendicular to the Y-axis direction, and its effective direction of movement is the Z-axis direction. Therefore, the main direction of movement of the common moving contact 137 can be considered as the Z-axis direction. The stationary contact 141 of the first switch 121 is located on the upper side of the common moving contact 137 along the Z-axis direction, and the stationary contact 141 of the second switch 122 is located on the lower side of the common moving contact 137 along the Z-axis direction.

[0116] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 7In the first switch group 111, two stationary contacts 141 are spaced apart along the Z-axis and each has a stationary contact 142. The stationary contacts 142 of the two stationary contacts 141 are symmetrically arranged at a certain distance along the Z-axis. The side of the stationary contacts 142 of the two stationary contacts 141 facing each other is used to cooperate with the moving contact 132 on the common moving contact 137. Moving contacts 132 are respectively provided on both sides of the common moving contact 137 along the Z-axis. The two sets of moving contacts 132 of the common moving contact 137 correspond to the stationary contacts 142 of the two stationary contacts 141. The common moving contact 137, driven by the pushing part 200, can cause one set of its moving contacts 132 to close or open with the corresponding stationary contact 142, or to open with both sets of stationary contacts 142, that is, to make both sets of moving contacts 131 of the common moving contact 137 spaced a certain distance from the corresponding stationary contacts 142.

[0117] In Embodiment 1, the common moving contact 137 adopts a flexible moving contact 131, such as... Figure 2 As shown, the flexible moving contact 131 includes a fixing portion 134, an actuating portion 135, and a flexible connecting portion 136. The fixing portion 134 is fixed relative to each stationary contact 141 and is used to lead out connecting terminals. In this embodiment, the fixing portion 134 of each flexible moving contact 131 extends along the X-axis direction, and is therefore perpendicular to the main movement direction of the moving contact 131, i.e., the Z-axis direction. The actuating portion 135 is adapted to swing relative to the fixing portion 134 along the movement direction of the moving contact 131 to close or open with the stationary contact 141. The flexible connecting portion 136 connects the fixing portion 134 and the actuating portion 135 and is adapted to bend. In this embodiment, the flexible moving contact 131 is made of a laminated metal sheet. Specifically, the two ends of the laminated metal sheet can be welded to the fixing portion 134 and the actuating portion 135 respectively, or the two ends of the laminated metal sheet can be bonded, pressed, or fused to form the fixing portion 134 and the actuating portion 135, and the middle part of the laminated metal sheet forms the flexible connecting portion 136. In this embodiment, the common moving contact 137, which serves as the flexible moving contact 131, has two ends of its flexible connecting portion 136 located at different positions along the movement direction of the common moving contact 137, particularly the main movement direction Z-axis. One end of the flexible connecting portion 136 connected to the moving portion 135 is located along the Z-axis between the stationary contact 141 of the first switch 121 and the stationary contact 141 of the second switch 122. The other end of the flexible connecting portion 136 connected to the fixed portion 134 is located along the Z-axis below the end of the flexible connecting portion 136 connected to the moving portion 135. The moving portion 135 extends along the X-axis in the open state; that is, in the open state, the extension direction of the moving portion 135 is the length direction of the moving contact 131. The moving portion 135 can be connected to the pushing portion 200, allowing the moving contact 131 to be driven by the pushing portion 200, causing the moving portion 135 to swing relative to the fixed portion 134. The moving contact point 132 of the moving contact 131 is located on the moving portion 135.

[0118] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 The actuating portion 135 of the movable contact 131 has a certain width, with the width direction of the actuating portion 135 being the Y-axis direction. A pushed portion 133 is formed at the end of the actuating portion 135 opposite to the flexible connecting portion 136 along the X-axis direction. The pushed portion 133 and the movable contact 132 of the movable contact 131 are arranged in the X-axis direction. The pushed portion 133 is connected to the pushing portion 200. On the actuating portion 135, the width of the pushed portion 133 is smaller than the width of the portion used to set the movable contact 132, and the pushed portion 133 is approximately located at the middle position in the width direction of the actuating portion 135. Of course, it is worth noting that in some possible embodiments, the part of the movable contact 131 that is connected to the pushing part 200 can also be directly formed by the part of the actuating part 135 that is correspondingly installed with the movable contact 132. In this case, the actuating part 135 does not need to extend other parts to form the pushed part. In order to ensure the current carrying capacity of the movable contact 131, the width of the actuating part 135 can be consistent with the width of other parts of the movable contact 131 used for current carrying and ensure a uniform width at each position, without needing to reduce it at local positions.

[0119] Reference Figure 3 and Figure 4 The contact portion 100 also has a second switch group 112 formed by a switch, which is a third switch 123. The third switch 123 uses the same flexible moving contact 131 as the two switches in the first switch group 111, except that the moving contact 131 is not used as a common moving contact 137. The stationary contact 141 of the third switch 123 is located below the moving contact 131 along the Z-axis, and the stationary contact 142 and the moving contact 132 are positioned opposite each other.

[0120] In Embodiment 1, the first switch group 111 and the second switch group 112 share a single stationary contact 141. Specifically, the first switch 121 in the first switch group 111 and the third switch 123 in the second switch group 112 share a single stationary contact 141, which is a common stationary contact 143. (Refer to...) Figure 5The common stationary contact 143 is provided with stationary contact points 142 corresponding to the first switch 121 and the third switch 123 respectively, wherein the stationary contact point 142 of the first switch 121 is downward along the Z-axis direction, and the stationary contact point 142 of the third switch 123 is upward along the Z-axis direction. Simultaneously, as an electrical implementation, the swing direction of the common moving contact 137 in the first switch group 111 and the moving contact 131 in the second switch group 112 is consistent with that of the actuating part 135 of the common moving contact 137. That is, when the actuating part 135 of the common moving contact 137 is raised along the Z-axis, the actuating part 135 of the moving contact 131 of the third switch 123 is also raised along the Z-axis. At this time, the first switch 121 is closed and the third switch 123 is open. Conversely, when the actuating part 135 of the common moving contact 137 is lowered along the Z-axis, the actuating part 135 of the moving contact 131 of the third switch 123 is also lowered along the Z-axis. At this time, the first switch 121 is open, the second switch 122 is engaged, and the third switch 123 is engaged. There is also a state where both the first switch 121 and the second switch 122 are open, and the third switch 123 is also open. In Embodiment 1, the state where the first switch 121 is closed is set as the first state, the state where only the second switch 122 and the third switch 123 are closed is set as the second state, and the state where the first switch 121, the second switch 122, and the third switch 123 are all open is set as the third state. For example... Figure 5 and Figure 7 As shown, at this time, the moving contact 132 of the moving contact 131 is not in contact with the stationary contact 142 of the stationary contact 141 of the first switch 121 and the second switch 122, and the relay is in the third state.

[0121] In this embodiment, the contact portion 100 includes at least two switches, the length directions of each movable contact 131 are parallel to each other in a preset projection plane, and the swing ends of at least two adjacent movable contacts 131 are located at the same end or different ends in their length directions. (Refer to...) Figures 1 to 4 The first switch group 111 and the second switch group 112 together include two moving contacts 131. Each moving contact 131 has a fixed portion 134, a flexible connecting portion 136, and an actuating portion 135. The length direction of the moving contact 131 can be considered as the extension direction of the fixed portion 134 and the actuating portion 135, which is the X-axis direction in Embodiment 1. The actuating portion 135 of the moving contact 131 is the swing end of the moving contact 131. In Embodiment 1, the fixed portion 134 of the moving contact 131 in the first switch group 111 is located at the first end in the X-axis direction, and the actuating portion 135 is located at the second end in the X-axis direction. In the second switch group 112, the fixed portion 134 of the moving contact 131 is located at the second end in the X-axis direction, and the actuating portion 135 is located at the first end in the X-axis direction. Thus, in Embodiment 1, the swing ends of two adjacent moving contacts 131 are located at different ends in their length directions. Of course, in other embodiments, the swing ends of two adjacent moving contacts 131 can also be located at the same end in their length directions.

[0122] The contact portion 100 may include a mounting base 150, which includes a plastic body 151 and a connector 152. The stationary contact 141 can be integrally molded with the body 151 via insert injection molding, and the connector 152 can also be integrally molded with the body 151 via insert injection molding. The connector 152 is used to fix the moving contact 131, and the connector 152 is connected to the fixing portion 134 of the moving contact 131. Alternatively, the connector 152 and the moving contact 131 can be fixed by riveting. Furthermore, the relay is connected to an external circuit via a connection terminal (not shown in the figure). In this embodiment, the connector 152 can be a conductive metal, and the connection terminal electrically connected to the moving contact 131 can be formed or disposed on the connector 152. The direction in which the connection terminal extends out of the relay can be arbitrarily set as needed. Simultaneously, the connection terminal electrically connected to the stationary contact 141 can be directly formed or disposed on the stationary contact 141 and can extend out of the relay in any direction as needed.

[0123] Reference Figures 1 to 4 The pushing part 200 includes a pushing unit 220 and a rotating member 210. The pushing unit 220 includes a pushing member 226 and a first elastic member 223. The pushing member 226 includes a pushing body 222 and a connecting body 221. The pushing unit 220 is adapted to be driven to move in a predetermined direction to push at least one moving contact 131 to close or open with a stationary contact 141. The pushing unit 220 can be driven by the driving part 300 to move, and the overall movement of the pushing unit 220 can be linear or oscillating. The first elastic member 223 is disposed between the pushing member 226 and the moving contact 131 corresponding to the closing direction of the moving contact 131, so as to provide the moving contact 131 with the contact pressure of closing with the stationary contact 141 when the moving contact 131 closes with the stationary contact 141.

[0124] In Embodiment 1, the structures of the pushing units 220 used in the first switch group 111 and the second switch group 112 are different, but both pushing units 220 swing along a predetermined direction, and the first direction is perpendicular to the tangent of the direction of motion of the pushing unit 220 at at least one position along the predetermined direction. The motion trajectory of the pushing unit 220 is an arc. When the swing amplitude of the pushing unit 220 is small, the effective stroke direction for driving the moving contact 131 is the Z-axis direction. When the moving contact 131 is in the third state, that is, when the moving part 135 of the moving contact 131 extends approximately along the X-axis direction, the pushing unit 220 is approximately at the midpoint of its motion trajectory. The tangent of this midpoint is perpendicular to the X-axis direction, that is, the tangent is along the Z-axis direction.

[0125] First, the driving unit 220 and its auxiliary structures in the first switch group 111 will be described. (Refer to...) Figure 1 and Figure 2 In the first switch group 111, a pusher 226 is used to switch the state of the first switch 121 and the second switch 122. The pusher 226 includes a pusher body 222 and a connecting body 221. The pusher body 222 abuts against the first elastic member 223 along the Z-axis. The pusher body 222 and the pushed portion 133 of the common moving contact 137 can be provided with a sleeve post for engaging with the first elastic member 223. The two ends of the spring-shaped first elastic member 223 can be sleeved to the sleeve post to prevent the first elastic member 223 from disengaging from the pusher body 222 and the common moving contact 137. The pusher body 222 can drive the moving portion 135 of the common moving contact 137 to swing by applying force to the first elastic member 223. The connecting body 221 can be integrally formed with the pusher body 222 or separately fixedly connected. The connecting body 221 can cooperate with the rotating member 210 to make the pusher unit 220 move as a whole. The pusher 222 has side walls 228 perpendicular to the first direction, which is the Y-axis direction. The pusher 222 also has a bottom wall and a top wall in the Z-axis direction. The bottom wall, top wall, and two side walls 228 enclose the pusher 222 to form a frame-like structure. The connecting body 221 is located above the top wall of the pusher 222 along the Z-axis direction.

[0126] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 The push unit 220 in the first switch group 111 can swing relative to the mounting base 150 via a metal swing arm 230 and a rotating shaft 240. There are two metal swing arms 230, which are flat and elongated, extending along the X-axis. A shaft connecting portion 231, an extension portion 232, and a push connecting portion 233 are provided along the length of each metal swing arm 230. The shaft connecting portion 231 is pivotally connected to the rotating shaft 240, and the rotating shaft 240 is fixedly or pivotally connected to the mounting base 150, thereby allowing the metal swing arm 230 to swing relative to the mounting base 150 around the rotating shaft 240. The extension portion 232 connects the shaft connecting portion 231 and the push connecting portion 233. The push connection 233 is connected to the side wall 228 of the push body 222 to achieve a fixed connection between the metal swing arm 230 and the push body 222. The push connection 233 can be connected to the side wall 228 of the push body 222 by insert injection molding, riveting, welding, bonding, etc., or it can be connected to the intermediate component fixed to the push body 222 by riveting, welding, or bonding. The metal swing arm 230 and the rotating shaft 240 can be made of metal.

[0127] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2The rotating member 210 is provided with a first mating portion, which can be driven by the driving portion 300 to rotate around a first axis. The pushing member 226 is provided with a second mating portion that slides in a direction perpendicular to the first axis, so that it can be driven by the rotating member 210 to swing around a second axis parallel to the first axis or move linearly in a third direction. Furthermore, when the pushing unit 220 pushes at least one moving contact 131 to close with the stationary contact 141, the direction of the force exerted by the second mating portion on the first mating portion passes through or is close to the first axis. One of the first and second mating portions is a sliding groove 227 extending perpendicular to the first axis, and the other is a sliding pin 212 extending into the sliding groove 227 along the direction of the first axis, the sliding pin 212 being offset relative to the first axis. In Embodiment 1, a sliding pin 212 is provided on the rotating member 210, and a sliding groove 227 is provided on the connecting body 221. (Refer to...) Figure 7 and Figure 8 The sliding groove 227 provided on the connecting body 221 extends along the X-axis direction, and its extension length is slightly larger than the diameter of the circle formed by the rotation of the sliding pin 212. (Refer to...) Figure 11 The rotating member 210 includes a main shaft 211 connected to the driving part 300 and a sliding pin 212 eccentrically disposed relative to the main shaft 211. The dotted line passing through the main shaft 211 of the rotating member 210 along the Y-axis direction is the first axis. With the rotation of the rotating member 210, the sliding pin 212 slides in the sliding groove 227 and applies force to the pushing member 226. The pushing member 226 is restricted by the metal swing arm 230 and the rotating shaft 240, and swings approximately in the Z-axis direction, thereby causing the actuating part 135 of the common moving contact 137 to swing. For example, the sliding pin 212 rotates with the rotating member 210 to... Figure 7 As shown in the diagram, the common moving contact 137 is disconnected from both stationary contacts 141. Then, the rotating member 210 rotates 90° clockwise, causing the sliding pin 212 to swing 90° around the first axis. The sliding pin 212 is at its highest position along the Z-axis. At this point, the actuating part 135 of the common moving contact 137 swings upward, and the moving contact 132 located above the actuating part 135 along the Z-axis contacts the stationary contact 142 located above the common moving contact 137 along the Z-axis, closing the first switch 121. Afterward, the rotating member 210 rotates 90° counterclockwise, and the common moving contact 137 returns to its third state position. Then the rotating part 210 rotates counterclockwise by 90°, and the sliding pin 212 swings around the first axis by 90°. The sliding pin 212 is located at the lowest position along the Z-axis. At this time, the moving part 135 of the common moving contact 137 swings downward, and the moving contact 132 located on the lower side of the moving part 135 along the Z-axis contacts the stationary contact 142 located on the lower side of the common moving contact 137 along the Z-axis, thus closing the second switch 122.

[0128] Furthermore, when the sliding pin 212 is at its highest and lowest positions in the Z-axis direction, that is, when the pushing unit 220 pushes the common moving contact 137 to close with any of the stationary contacts 141, the direction of the force exerted by the sliding groove 227 on the sliding pin 212 is vertical and actually passes through the first axis. Considering operational errors, the force exerted by the sliding groove 227 on the sliding pin 212 can also be considered to be close to the first axis. The force exerted by the sliding groove 227 on the sliding pin 212 here is a positive or negative force formed after the pushing unit 220 as a whole applies it to the moving contact 131. The negative force occurs when an electric repulsive force occurs when the switch is closed.

[0129] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 The first switch group 111 includes a first switch 121 and a second switch 122 sharing a common moving contact 137. Therefore, it includes two first elastic elements 223, which are located above and below the pushed portion 133 of the common moving contact 137 along the Z-axis, respectively, and abut against the pushed portion 133. The first elastic elements 223 are springs. Connecting posts for engaging with the first elastic elements 223 can be provided on the pushed portion 133 of the common moving contact 137 and the pushing body 222 to ensure the stability of the first elastic elements 223. The abutment positions of the two first elastic elements 223 against the pushing body 222 are the bottom wall and top wall of the pushing body 222, respectively, allowing the pushing member 226 to apply force to the common moving contact 137 along the Z-axis using the first elastic elements 223. Furthermore, since two first elastic elements 223 are provided in the first switch group 111, the closing of the first switch 121 and the second switch 122 can achieve the overtravel closing effect through the first elastic elements 223.

[0130] Next, the actuation unit 220 and its associated structures in the second switch group 112 will be described. (Refer to...) Figure 3 and Figure 4The actuating unit 220 in the second switch group 112 achieves the state switching of the third switch 123 through a actuating member 226. The actuating member 226 includes a actuating body 222 and a connecting body 221. Unlike the actuating unit 220 in the first switch group 111, since the moving contact 131 in the third switch 123 has only one closing direction, the actuating unit 220 only has one first elastic member 223. The upper end of the first elastic member 223 is connected to the top wall of the actuating body 222 in an abutting manner, and the lower end is connected to the actuating part 135 of the moving contact 131 in an abutting manner. Simultaneously, the actuating body 222 is provided with an overlapping portion 229, which is a flange structure where the bottom edges of the two side walls 228 of the actuating body 222 protrude towards each other along the Y-axis direction. The actuating part 135 of the moving contact 131 will overlap the overlapping part 229 under the force of the first elastic member 223. However, after the pushing unit 220 pushes the actuating part 135 of the moving contact 131 to swing downward along the Z-axis until the third switch 123 is closed, the actuating part 135 of the moving contact 131 will leave the overlapping part 229 and achieve an overtravel closing effect under the action of the first elastic member 223. The cooperation structure and relative motion law of the rotating member 210 and the connecting body 221 in the second switch group 112 are the same as those in the first switch group 111, and will not be described in detail here. In other embodiments, the overlapping part 229 can also be set as a bottom wall connected to the bottom edge of the two side walls 228 along the Z-axis. The bottom wall forms a through hole along the Z-axis for avoidance corresponding to the moving contact 132, so that the moving contact 132 can contact the corresponding stationary contact 142 through the through hole.

[0131] In addition, refer to Figure 3 and Figure 4 The push unit 220 in the second switch group 112 is connected to the mounting base 150 by a swing block 250 and a rotating shaft 240. Since the moving contact 131 in the second switch group 112 is not used as the common moving contact 137, the swing block 250 can be a solid flat plate extending a certain length along the X-axis, with its width approximately the same as the width of the moving contact 131. One end of the block can be connected to the push member 226 of the second switch group 112, or the two can be integrally formed. The other end is pivotally connected to a rotating shaft 240, which is then fixed or pivotally connected to the mounting base 150.

[0132] Furthermore, the aforementioned pushing unit 220 is driven by a driving part 300 with a positioning locking function or driven by a transmission mechanism with a mechanical self-locking function, so as to push at least one moving contact 131 to close or open with the stationary contact 141 and lock the state of the corresponding moving contact 131 at least in the closed position.

[0133] As a preferred embodiment, the transmission mechanism with mechanical self-locking function includes a worm gear mechanism with a lead angle less than or equal to the friction angle, or a helical connection mechanism with an inclined surface friction angle greater than the helix angle. Specifically, when a worm gear mechanism is used, the drive part 300 drives the worm to rotate, the worm drives the worm wheel to rotate, and the worm wheel then drives the pusher 226 to move through other transmission components. Due to the characteristics of worm gear transmission, when the lead angle is designed to be less than or equal to the friction angle between materials, the transmission has reverse self-locking property.

[0134] Alternatively, the drive unit 300 includes a motor with a locking function; the pusher 226 is driven by the rotating member 210, which is driven by the motor to rotate around a first axis. Specifically, the motor with the locking function can be a stepper motor or a DC motor with a built-in brake. When the motor drives the rotating member 210 to move the pusher 226 to a predetermined closed or open position, even in a power-off state, the motor's own stepping holding torque or mechanical brake can prevent the rotating member 210 from rotating unexpectedly.

[0135] Alternatively, the drive unit 300 includes a coil assembly and an armature assembly. The coil assembly has a magnetic drive end, which is excited by a pulsed electrical signal to reverse the polarity temporarily formed by the magnetic drive end, thereby driving the armature assembly to move linearly or oscillate. The armature assembly has a permanent magnet to maintain the armature assembly and the coil assembly in a magnetically attracted state when the electrical signal disappears, forming a locking function. The pusher 226 is driven by the armature assembly. Specifically, when a positive pulse current is applied to the coil assembly, its iron core is excited to generate an electromagnetic field of a specific polarity. This magnetic field interacts with the magnetic field of the permanent magnet on the armature assembly, driving the armature assembly to move to the first working position. After the pulse current disappears, the permanent magnet on the armature assembly will generate a sufficiently strong magnetic attraction with the iron core of the coil assembly, thereby reliably holding the armature assembly in that position, forming a locking function. When it is necessary to switch states, only a reverse pulse current needs to be applied to the coil assembly to drive the armature assembly to move to the second working position, which is also held by the permanent magnet attraction.

[0136] The following provides a detailed description of the short-circuit protection structure used in this relay.

[0137] Reference Figure 7 and Figure 8 Of the two pushing members 226, at least one pushing member 226 is provided with a first limiting part 224. The first limiting part 224 is provided corresponding to the closing direction of the moving contact 131 and extends a predetermined length along the first direction, so as to contact or approach the moving contact 131 along the closing direction of the moving contact 131 and limit the distance of separation between the moving contact 131 and the stationary contact 141 when the moving contact 131 and the stationary contact 141 are closed. (Refer to...) Figure 4 and Figure 7For the two different types of pushers 222, the number and structure of the first limiting parts 224 are different. The pusher 222 of the first switch group 111 has two first limiting parts 224 located on both sides of the common moving contact 137 along the Z-axis direction, while the pusher 222 of the second switch group 112 has one first limiting part 224 located above its corresponding moving contact 131 along the Z-axis direction. The first limiting part 224 can be integrally formed on the pusher 222.

[0138] The first limiting part 224 extends a predetermined length along the first direction, which can be in two ways. The first way can be referred to... Figure 4 The inner side wall 228 of the pusher 222 has first limiting portions 224 on both sides in the Y-axis direction for limiting the swing range of the movable contact 131 by cooperating with the actuating part 135 of the movable contact 131 in the closed state. These first limiting portions 224 have two independent parts, both formed on the pusher 222, and both have a certain thickness in the Y-axis direction and a certain length in the X-axis direction. The Y-axis direction is the first direction, and the X-axis direction is the second direction. That is, the first limiting portion 224 extends a predetermined length in the first direction. It should be understood that... Figure 4 In the provided example, the pushing body 222 includes two parts (defined as the first pushing part and the second pushing part, respectively). The first pushing part is fixedly connected to the connecting body 221. For example, both the first pushing part and the connecting body 221 are made of plastic and molded as one piece, and are used for the first elastic member 223 to abut against. The second pushing part has two connecting walls and a bottom wall. The two connecting walls are spaced apart along the Y-axis and are fixedly connected to the two sides of the first pushing part along the Y-axis to form two side walls 228. The bottom wall is connected to the bottom edge of the two connecting walls along the Z-axis to form an overlap 229. The second case can be referred to. Figure 7 and Figure 8 The portion of the pusher 222 between its two sidewalls 228 along the Y-axis forms a wall-like structure extending a considerable distance along the Y-axis. This wall-like structure forms a first limiting portion 224 extending a predetermined length in the first direction. Furthermore, in the second case, the two edges of the wall-like first limiting portion 224 in the first direction can be correspondingly connected to the two sidewalls 228 of the pusher 222, that is, the first limiting portion 224 blocks part of the opening in the pusher 222 originally formed by the sidewalls 228, the top wall, and the bottom wall along the X-axis.

[0139] Based on the above, it can be understood that, referring to Figure 9 and Figure 10In this embodiment, the pusher 226 has sidewalls 228 on both sides of the movable contact 131 in the first direction, and the first limiting part 224 is disposed between the two sidewalls 228 along the first direction. The first limiting part 224 has a wall-like structure, and its two edges in the first direction are respectively connected to the two sidewalls 228. Alternatively, as in the second switch group 112, the first limiting part 224 may also be perpendicular to or at an angle to the first direction.

[0140] It should be noted that although the first limiting part 224 is limited to a predetermined length along the first direction, this only indicates that the first limiting part 224 as a whole has an extending tendency in the first direction, and does not mean that the first limiting part 224 can only extend along the first direction. For example, the first limiting part 224 can extend at an angle relative to the first direction, but as a whole it still extends in the first direction, and it has a component of extension along the first direction.

[0141] As a preferred implementation method, refer to Figure 12 As shown in Figure a, at least a portion of the first limiting portion 224 corresponds to the middle portion of the movable contact 131 in the width direction. That is, the first limiting portion 224 may have a protruding portion at the middle position in the Y-axis direction, which may correspond to the middle portion of the movable contact 131 in the width direction.

[0142] As another preferred implementation, refer to Figure 12 As shown in Figure b, the two ends of the first limiting portion 224 extend beyond the two side edges of the portion of the movable contact 131 corresponding to the first limiting portion 224 in the width direction. At this time, the first limiting portion 224 extends a longer length in the Y-axis direction, and the dimension of the first limiting portion 224 in the Y-axis direction is greater than the width dimension of the portion of the movable contact 131 corresponding to the first limiting portion 224.

[0143] Or, refer to Figure 12 In Figure c, the two ends of the first limiting portion 224 are flush with the two sides of the portion of the movable contact 131 corresponding to the first limiting portion 224 in the width direction. At this time, the dimension of the first limiting portion 224 in the Y-axis direction is approximately equal to the width dimension of the portion of the movable contact 131 corresponding to the first limiting portion 224.

[0144] In the first embodiment, the first limiting part 224 provided on the pusher 226 in the first switch group 111 extends in the shape of a wall and is located between the moving contact 132 and the pushed part 133 of the common moving contact 137 along the second direction. The pusher 226 is provided with the first limiting part 224 corresponding to the stationary contact 141 on both sides in both closing directions of the common moving contact 137.

[0145] In a preferred embodiment, when the moving contact 131 is in one of the disconnected positions separated from the stationary contact 141, at least a portion of the extended surface of the first limiting portion 224 (e.g., one side of the first limiting portion 224 along the X-axis) forms an angle with a reference plane defined by a first direction and a third direction. That is, the extended surface of the wall-shaped first limiting portion 224 can be set to be tilted at a certain angle relative to the reference plane. Taking the first limiting portion 224 located above the moving contact 131 along the Z-axis as an example, the projection of the lower edge of the first limiting portion 224 in the direction perpendicular to the Z-axis is a straight line with a certain angle to the Y-axis. Furthermore, the inclination of the wall-shaped first limiting part 224 relative to the reference surface includes not only the case where the extended surface of the first limiting part 224 is parallel to the Z-axis direction, in which case the first limiting part 224 can deflect around an axis in the Z-axis direction; in other cases, the extended surface of the first limiting part 224 can be at a certain angle to the Z-axis direction, in which case it can be regarded as the first limiting part 224 deflecting around an axis in the Y-axis direction.

[0146] Alternatively, when the moving contact 131 is in one of the disconnected positions separated from the stationary contact 141, at least a portion of the extension surface of the first limiting portion 224 is perpendicular to the second direction. That is... Figure 7 The structure shown, taking the first limiting part 224 located above the moving contact 131 along the Z-axis as an example, at this time the projection of the lower edge of the first limiting part 224 in the direction perpendicular to the Z-axis is a straight line parallel to the Y-axis.

[0147] Furthermore, the pusher 226 of the first switch assembly 111 is also provided with a second limiting part 225, which is configured corresponding to the closing direction of the common moving contact 137. When the pusher 226 drives the common moving contact 137 to disconnect from the stationary contact 141 on either side, the second limiting part 225 blocks the movement of the common moving contact 137 along the closing direction toward the stationary contact 141 on that side, thereby ensuring that the common moving contact 137 disconnects from the stationary contact 141 on that side. In Embodiment 1, the first limiting part 224 of the common moving contact 137 corresponding to any closing direction is the same as the second limiting part 225 corresponding to the other closing direction.

[0148] Example 2

[0149] The difference between Embodiment 2 and Embodiment 1 is that the pushing unit 220 moves linearly along the Z-axis under the drive of the driving part 300. Specifically, guide ribs or guide sliders can be provided on the outer sides of the two side walls 228 of the pushing member 226. These guide structures are combined with corresponding linear guides or grooves on the mounting base 150 or the inner wall of the relay housing. This cooperation between the guide rail and the slider strictly restricts the movement trajectory of the pushing unit 220 to a single Z-axis direction, ensuring its high precision and stability during reciprocating motion and avoiding unnecessary lateral swaying. In this structure, the metal swing arm 230, the swing block 250, and the rotating shaft 240 are not required.

[0150] In the above embodiments, the first limiting part 224 is provided corresponding to the closing direction of the moving contact 131, and the first limiting part 224 extends a predetermined length along a first direction that is the width direction of the moving contact 131. When the relay encounters a large current impact such as a short circuit, the moving contact 131 is subjected to electrodynamic force and attempts to move in the disconnection direction. At this time, the first limiting part 224 can effectively block the tendency of the moving contact 131 to move, limiting the separation distance between the moving contact 131 and the stationary contact 141 to a very small range. This structure prevents the moving contact 131 from separating too far from the stationary contact 141 due to overcoming the elastic force of the first elastic member 223, suppresses excessive arc elongation, and prevents a sharp increase in internal pressure or even an explosion caused by excessive arc energy. This significantly improves the relay's short-circuit withstand capability and operational safety. In particular, when the fault current duration is short, the blocking effect of the first limiting part 224 on the moving contact 131 helps the moving contact 131 automatically and quickly return to the closed position with the moving contact 132 when the fault current disappears. The greater the length of the first limiting part 224 extending along the first direction, the more effectively it can be positioned across the side of the moving contact 131 in the closing direction, increasing the contact area or contact point between the first limiting part 224 and the moving contact 131, thus more effectively preventing the moving contact 131 from springing open. Meanwhile, the first elastic member 223 is positioned between the pusher 226 and the moving contact 131, corresponding to the closing direction of the moving contact 131. This ensures that the moving contact 131 and the stationary contact 141 have a stable and reliable contact pressure in the closed state. This is not only beneficial for current conduction during normal operation, but also helps to maintain a tight state between the contacts when the first limiting part 224 plays a limiting role.

[0151] In at least one embodiment, the pushing unit 220 moves linearly along a predetermined direction, the first direction being perpendicular to its direction of movement; or, the pushing unit 220 swings along a predetermined direction, the first direction being perpendicular to the tangent of its direction of movement at at least one position where the pushing unit 220 moves along the predetermined direction.

[0152] Since the first direction in which the first limiting part 224 is located is perpendicular to the direction of motion of the pushing unit 220, whether it is linear motion or oscillation, this orthogonal design allows the driving mechanism to be arranged along its direction of motion, while the limiting structure utilizes the space in the first direction perpendicular to it. The two are spatially offset, reducing interference and space occupation, which helps to achieve a more compact component layout inside the relay.

[0153] In at least one embodiment, at least a portion of the first limiting portion 224 corresponds to the middle portion of the moving contact 131 in the width direction.

[0154] Because the first limiting part 224 is positioned corresponding to the middle of the moving contact 131 in the width direction, when the moving contact 131 is impacted by a short-circuit repulsive force, the limiting force applied by the first limiting part 224 can act more symmetrically on the moving contact 131. This avoids the force applied to the moving contact 131 deviating from the central axis of the moving contact 131, reduces the possibility of the moving contact 131 tilting or twisting, and makes the limiting function more stable and reliable.

[0155] In at least one embodiment, the two ends of the first limiting portion 224 extend beyond or are flush with the two sides of the movable contact 131 corresponding to the first limiting portion 224 in the width direction.

[0156] Because this structure ensures that the first limiting part 224 can completely cover the width of the moving contact 131, it guarantees that there is sufficient contact area between the two when the moving contact 131 pops open, providing a more reliable blocking effect. It can prevent the moving contact 131 from bypassing the first limiting part 224 due to lateral displacement or torsion, further enhancing the reliability of the limiting function.

[0157] In at least one embodiment, the movable contact 131 is provided with a movable contact 132 and a pushed portion 133 arranged sequentially along a second direction; a first elastic member 223 is placed between the pusher 226 and the pushed portion 133; a first limiting portion 224 is located between the movable contact 132 and the pushed portion 133 of the movable contact 131 along a first direction; the second direction is the length direction of at least a portion of the movable contact 131.

[0158] Since the movable contact 131 has a movable contact 132 and a pushed portion 133 arranged sequentially along a second direction that is at least part of its length, the first elastic member 223 is placed between the pusher 226 and the pushed portion 133, and the first limiting portion 224 is located between the movable contact 132 and the pushed portion 133 along a first direction (i.e., the width direction of the movable contact 131). This arrangement allows the first elastic member 223 to apply a smooth driving force and contact pressure to the movable contact 131. More importantly, since the first limiting portion 224 is spatially positioned between the movable contact 132 and the pushed portion 133 (viewed along the second direction), when a short circuit occurs and the first limiting portion 224 prevents the movable contact 131 from opening, its position of action is closer to the movable contact 132, thereby more directly and effectively limiting the opening amplitude of the movable contact 132 itself, improving the accuracy and effectiveness of the limiting.

[0159] In at least one embodiment, the first limiting portion 224 extends in a wall shape and is located in a second direction between the moving contact 132 and the pushed portion 133 of the moving contact 131.

[0160] Because the first limiting portion 224 extends in a wall-like shape and is located along the second direction (i.e., the length direction of the moving contact 131) between the moving contact 132 and the pushed portion 133 of the moving contact 131, this wall-like first limiting portion 224 not only has high structural strength due to its extended structure, making it less prone to deformation or damage when subjected to the huge impact force generated by short-circuit current, thus ensuring the reliability of the limiting function, but more importantly, this wall-like structure forms a physical barrier between the moving contact 132 and the pushed portion 133 of the moving contact 131 (along the second direction). When the moving contact 131 is closed with the stationary contact 142 on one side, this wall-like limiting portion 224 can effectively increase the electrical clearance, especially the air gap, between the first elastic member 223 and the stationary contact 142 or other conductive parts on the other non-conductive side. This improves the breakdown voltage withstand capability between these components, enhances the insulation performance of the relay, and makes it more suitable for high-voltage environments. Furthermore, this physical barrier effectively separates the location of the first elastic element 223 and the location of the moving contact 132 in space, reducing the risk of interference when the moving contact 131 moves and improving the reliability of the action.

[0161] In at least one embodiment, when the movable contact 131 is in one of the disconnected positions separated from the stationary contact 141, at least a portion of the extended surface of the first limiting portion 224 forms an angle with a reference surface defined by a first direction and a third direction, the third direction being perpendicular to both the first direction and the second direction; or, when the movable contact 131 is in one of the disconnected positions separated from the stationary contact 141, at least a portion of the extended surface of the first limiting portion 224 is perpendicular to the second direction.

[0162] By setting the extension surface of the first limiting part 224 to form an angle with the reference surface or directly perpendicular to the length direction of the moving contact 131, the shape and position of the first limiting part 224 relative to the moving contact 131 are limited. The setting of the first limiting part 224 can be optimized according to the internal space constraints and safety requirements of the relay to meet the miniaturization needs of the relay. Furthermore, when the first limiting part 224 is perpendicular to the length direction of the moving contact 131, since the movement range of the moving contact 131 is small, the first limiting part 224 can contact the moving contact 131 in a roughly perpendicular posture, ensuring that the first limiting part 224 can better apply force to the moving contact 131 and improving the reliability of the limiting effect of the first limiting part 224 on the moving contact 131.

[0163] In at least one embodiment, the pusher 226 is provided with sidewalls 228 on both sides of the moving contact 131 in the first direction, and the first limiting part 224 is provided between the two sidewalls 228 along the first direction.

[0164] The pusher 226 has sidewalls 228 on both sides of the movable contact 131 in the first direction (i.e., the width direction of the movable contact 131). The presence of the sidewalls 228 enhances the overall rigidity and structural strength of the pusher 226, enabling it to provide reliable support for the movable contact 131. A first limiting portion 224 is provided between these two sidewalls 228 along the first direction, such that the first limiting portion 224 is opposite to the thickness surface of the movable contact 131. The dimensions of the first limiting portion 224 along the first direction and / or the length direction of the movable contact 131 can be increased as needed to provide a more reliable short-circuit protection effect and ensure that it does not interfere with the movement of the movable contact 131.

[0165] In at least one embodiment, the first limiting portion 224 has a wall-like structure, with its two edges in the first direction respectively connected to the two side walls 228; or, the first limiting portion 224 has a wall-like structure and is perpendicular to or at an angle to the first direction.

[0166] Because the first limiting part 224 has a wall-like structure and its two edges in the first direction (i.e., the width direction of the moving contact 131) are connected to the two side walls 228 respectively, this connection method makes the first limiting part 224 and the two side walls 228 form a more integrated and structurally stable component. When the first limiting part 224 is subjected to impact force, it can effectively transmit the force to the two side walls 228 and distribute it to the entire pusher 226 structure through the side walls 228, thereby further improving the impact resistance and structural stability of the first limiting part 224 and ensuring the reliability of its limiting function under high impact force. In addition, when the first limiting part 224 is subjected to impact force, it can be effectively supported by the two side walls 228, and is not prone to lateral displacement or deformation, thereby ensuring the stability and reliability of the limiting function. Meanwhile, the two side walls 228 together with the first limiting part 224 form a structure similar to a channel or cavity. This not only helps to guide the movement of the moving contact 131 and reduce its shaking during movement, but also provides convenience for the installation and positioning of the first elastic member 223. In addition, when the moving contact 131 is closed with either side stationary contact 142, the physical barrier of the side wall 228 can further effectively increase the electrical clearance between the moving contact 131 and the other side stationary contact 142 or other conductive parts, improve the withstand voltage strength, and make the product more suitable for high voltage or high current environments.

[0167] Since the first limiting part 224 has a wall-like structure and is perpendicular to or at an angle to the first direction, the first limiting part 224 also has a certain extension dimension in the length direction of the moving contact 131, which increases or enlarges the contact area or contact point between the first limiting part 224 and the moving contact 131. The structural strength of the first limiting part 224 itself is also greater, so it can more effectively block the tendency of the moving contact 131 to spring open.

[0168] In at least one embodiment, the pushing unit 220 is driven by a driving part 300 with a positioning locking function or driven by a transmission mechanism with a mechanical self-locking function to push at least one moving contact 131 to close or open with the stationary contact 141 and lock the state of the corresponding moving contact 131 at least in the closed position.

[0169] Since the push unit 220 is driven by the drive part 300 with a locking function or by the transmission mechanism with a mechanical self-locking function, this ensures that when the moving contact 131 is closed with the stationary contact 141, the push unit 220 and the moving contact 131 can be reliably held in the current closed position, and are not easily pushed open by external force even without continuous driving force (e.g., after the drive power is cut off). When a large current surge occurs and the moving contact 131 is subjected to a huge electrodynamic force attempting to separate it from the stationary contact 141, the first limiting part 224 will transmit this force to the push member 226. Since the position of the push member 226 is effectively locked by the drive part 300 or the transmission mechanism, the push member 226 can stably resist the electrodynamic force, thereby effectively preventing the moving contact 131 from jumping out. This enhances the short-circuit resistance of the first limiting part 224 and ensures the reliability and safety of the relay under short-circuit conditions.

[0170] In at least one embodiment, the transmission mechanism with mechanical self-locking function includes a worm gear mechanism with a lead angle less than or equal to the friction angle, or a helical connection mechanism with an inclined friction angle greater than the helix angle.

[0171] Because these transmission mechanisms employ worm gear mechanisms with a lead angle less than or equal to the friction angle, or helical connection mechanisms with an inclined friction angle greater than the helix angle, they possess inherent self-locking characteristics. This makes it difficult for the driven member (the part connected to the push unit 220) to reverse-drive the driving member (the part connected to the drive source). Therefore, when the moving contact 131 generates a reverse force due to a short-circuit current impact and transmits it to the transmission mechanism through the push unit 220, this reverse force cannot be transmitted back through the transmission mechanism to reverse the drive source or cause the mechanism to move in the opposite direction. This ensures the stability of the push unit 220 in the closed position, maintaining the closed state even under significant reaction forces, thereby enhancing the relay's short-circuit resistance.

[0172] In at least one embodiment, the drive portion 300 includes a motor with a positioning locking function; the pusher 226 is driven by the rotating member 210, which is driven by the motor to rotate about a first axis.

[0173] Since the drive unit 300 includes a motor, and the pusher 226 is driven by the rotating member 210, which rotates around the first axis, this driving method uses a motor to provide power, transmitting rotational motion to the pusher 226 via the rotating member 210, thus achieving precise control of the pusher 226's movement. Using a motor drive facilitates automated control, and the displacement of the pusher 226 and the closing and opening of the moving contact 131 can be precisely controlled by adjusting the motor's rotation angle and direction. Simultaneously, the motor has a locking function; when the motor drives the rotating member 210 to a predetermined closed or open position and stops, the motor's own locking mechanism ensures that the rotating member 210 and the connected pusher 226 remain stably in that position, preventing unexpected displacement due to vibration, impact, or contact rebound force. This directly enhances the stability of the contact's closed state and the reliability of its open state, which is crucial for maintaining the relay's normal operating condition.

[0174] In at least one embodiment, the driving part 300 includes a coil assembly and an armature assembly; the coil assembly is provided with a magnetic driving end, and the polarity temporarily formed by the magnetic driving end is reversed by the pulse electrical signal to drive the armature assembly to move linearly or swing; the armature assembly has a permanent magnet to keep the armature assembly and the coil assembly in a magnetic attraction state and form a locking function when the electrical signal disappears, and the pusher 226 is driven by the armature assembly.

[0175] Since the drive unit 300 achieves the locking function through the cooperation of the coil assembly and the armature assembly, it can maintain the magnetic attraction state without continuous power supply, thus reducing the energy consumption of the relay. The magnetic locking force provided by the permanent magnet can reliably fix the armature assembly and the push unit 220 in the working position, providing solid support for the first limiting part 224 to resist short-circuit repulsion.

[0176] In at least one embodiment, the rotating member 210 is provided with a first mating part; the pushing member 226 is provided with a second mating part that slides in a direction perpendicular to the first axis with the first mating part, so that it is driven by the rotating member 210 to swing around the first axis parallel to the first axis or to move in a straight line in a third direction.

[0177] This method of coordination effectively converts the rotational motion of the rotating component 210 around the first axis into the oscillating or linear motion of the pushing unit 220, thereby driving the moving contact component 131. Its structure is relatively simple, and the motion transmission is direct, which helps to improve transmission efficiency and the compactness of the mechanism.

[0178] In at least one embodiment, when the pushing unit 220 pushes at least one moving contact 131 to close with the stationary contact 141, the direction of the force exerted by the second mating part on the first mating part passes through or is close to the first axis.

[0179] By utilizing the principle of "over-dead point" or "near-dead point," the stability of the push unit 220 in the closed position is improved. When the line of force approaches or passes through the rotation center (first axis), the torque generated by the force on the first axis is very small or close to zero. Therefore, when a short circuit occurs, and the moving contact 131 transmits the huge reaction force back to the second mating part through the first limiting part 224 and the push unit 220, this reaction force, when acting on the first mating part, is unlikely to cause the rotating part 210 to rotate in the opposite direction around the first axis. The mechanical self-locking capability inherent in this structure greatly enhances the stability of the push unit 220 in the closed position. Together with the first limiting part 224, it significantly improves the short-circuit resistance of the relay, and this self-locking effect can be achieved without relying on the motor's own locking function.

[0180] In at least one embodiment, one of the first mating part and the second mating part is a sliding groove 227 extending perpendicular to the first axis, and the other is a sliding pin 212 extending into the sliding groove 227 along the first axis, with the sliding pin 212 offset relative to the first axis.

[0181] The first and second mating parts are specifically structured as a sliding groove 227 and a mating offset sliding pin 212. This mating method ensures a more accurate relative sliding trajectory between the two, resulting in smoother movement and reducing impact and vibration during operation. Simultaneously, this connection is relatively compact, contributing to a reduction in the overall size of the mechanism. The offset sliding pin 212 design further optimizes force transmission and motion characteristics. More importantly, compared to some other connection methods, this mating method is less prone to the generation of metal shavings and other contaminants due to long-term friction, thus helping to maintain the cleanliness of the relay's internal components and extending its service life and reliability.

[0182] In at least one embodiment, the pusher 226 is provided with an overlap portion 229, and the moving contact 131 is adapted to overlap the overlap portion 229 when disconnected from the stationary contact 141 to ensure disconnection from the stationary contact 141.

[0183] Because the overlapping portion 229 provides a clear support surface or positioning reference for the moving contact 131 during or after disconnection, it helps ensure that the moving contact 131 can reliably follow the pusher 226 to complete the disconnection action, preventing the moving contact 131 from failing to completely disconnect or remaining in an uncertain position due to insufficient elastic recovery or other factors. Simultaneously, after the moving contact 131 disconnects from the stationary contact 141, the overlapping portion 229 can restrict the free movement range of the moving contact 131, improving the accuracy of the switching action and the stability of the disconnection state.

[0184] In at least one embodiment, at least two switches form a first switch group 111; in the first switch group 111, each switch shares a moving contact 131 to form a common moving contact 137, and the stationary contacts 141 of each switch are located on both sides of the common moving contact 137 along the direction of movement of the common moving contact 137. The common moving contact 137 is driven by the push unit 220 to close with the stationary contacts 141 on both sides in two closing directions.

[0185] Since at least two switches form a first switch group 111, and in this first switch group 111, each switch shares a moving contact 131 to form a common moving contact 137, and the stationary contacts 141 of each switch are located on both sides of the common moving contact 137 along the direction of movement of the common moving contact 137, the common moving contact 137 is driven by the push unit 220 to close with the stationary contacts 141 on both sides in two closing directions. This design, by sharing the moving contact 131, significantly reduces the number of components inside the relay, making the overall layout of the switch more compact, improving the integration of the contact portion 100, and thus simplifying and miniaturizing the overall structure of the contact portion 100. Especially when a moving contact 131 with a large current-carrying cross-section is required to increase the current-carrying capacity of the relay, the shared moving contact 137 can effectively save the space occupied by the contact portion 100. Furthermore, this structure reduces the number of drive ends used to move the moving contact 131, correspondingly reducing the structural complexity and volume of the drive section 300 and / or the push section 200. This not only helps to reduce the overall size of the relay but also helps to reduce material costs (such as copper loss) and manufacturing costs. Since each stationary contact 141 of the first switch group 111 is arranged on both sides of the common moving contact 137 along its operating direction, the common moving contact 137 only needs to move in one direction (e.g., straight line or oscillation) to switch positions with the different stationary contacts 141 on both sides. This reduces the requirements for the complexity of the movement trajectory of the push section 200 and the drive section 300, simplifies the design, and improves the space utilization of the relay in the operating direction of the common moving contact 137.

[0186] In at least one embodiment, the pusher 226 is further provided with a second limiting part 225, which is provided in accordance with the closing direction of the common moving contact 137. When the pusher 226 drives the common moving contact 137 to disconnect from the stationary contact 141 on either side, the second limiting part 225 blocks the movement of the common moving contact 137 along the closing direction toward the stationary contact 141 on that side, so as to ensure that the common moving contact 137 is disconnected from the stationary contact 141 on that side.

[0187] By adding a second limiting part 225 to the pusher 226, which is positioned corresponding to the closing direction of the moving contact 131, and blocking the movement of the moving contact 131 along the closing direction when the pusher 226 causes the moving contact 131 to disconnect from the stationary contact 141, this design ensures that a reliable disconnection gap is formed and maintained between the moving contact 131 and the stationary contact 141 in the original closing direction. This improves the stability of the switch in the open state, effectively preventing the moving contact 131 from accidentally moving in the closing direction due to external vibration, impact, or other interference factors, thereby avoiding the risk of accidental contact or mis-connection and enhancing the safety and reliability of the relay in the open state.

[0188] In at least one embodiment, the pushing unit 220 is provided with a first limiting part 224 and a first elastic member 223 on both sides of the stationary contact 141 in both closing directions of the common moving contact 137; wherein, when the common moving contact 137 is disconnected from the stationary contact 141 on either side, the first elastic member 223 on the other side acts on the common moving contact 137 to make it overlap with the pushing member 226.

[0189] By utilizing the functional reuse of components, comprehensive functional protection for bidirectional operation is achieved while simplifying the number of components and the overall structure, thus improving the design's economy and compactness. On one hand, it ensures that the common moving contact 137, regardless of which side's stationary contact 141 it closes to, receives stable and reliable contact pressure through the corresponding first elastic member 223, and achieves effective short-circuit protection through the corresponding first limiting part 224. On the other hand, when the common moving contact 137 disconnects from one side, the first elastic member 223, which originally provided contact pressure between the moving contact 131 and the other side's stationary contact 141, can assist the pushing member 226 in receiving the common moving contact 137, ensuring its smooth disconnection and movement to the other side or the middle position until it stops at the disconnected position.

[0190] In at least one embodiment, the common movable contact 137 can also be driven by the pusher 226 to stop between the stationary contacts 141 on both sides along the direction of movement of the common movable contact 137 and disconnect from both stationary contacts 141; the pusher 226 is also provided with at least two second limiting parts 225, which are provided corresponding to the two closing directions of the common movable contact 137. When the pusher 226 drives the common movable contact 137 to stop between the stationary contacts 141 on both sides along the direction of movement of the common movable contact 137, the at least two second limiting parts 225 prevent the common movable contact 137 from closing with the stationary contact 141 on either side along any closing direction.

[0191] Because the common moving contact 137 can also be driven by the pusher 226 to stop between the stationary contacts 141 on both sides along its direction of movement, and the pusher 226 is provided with at least two second limiting parts 225, which correspond to the two closing directions of the common moving contact 137 respectively. When the pusher 226 drives the common moving contact 137 to stop in the middle position between the stationary contacts 141 on both sides, the two second limiting parts 225 can simultaneously or separately prevent the common moving contact 137 from accidentally closing with either stationary contact 141 on either side along any closing direction. This design ensures that the switch can be reliably placed in a "fully open" or "intermediately isolated" state, in which the common moving contact 137 remains disconnected from both stationary contacts 141 on both sides. This enhances the stability and reliability of this intermediate disconnect state, prevents accidental connection caused by external factors such as vibration and impact, and thus greatly improves the operational safety of the relay. It is particularly suitable for circuit control applications that require a clear disconnection / isolation state, such as equipment maintenance or specific operating mode switching.

[0192] In at least one embodiment, the first limiting portion 224 of the common moving contact 137 corresponding to any closing direction is the second limiting portion 225 corresponding to the other closing direction.

[0193] Since the first limiting part 224 of the common moving contact 137 corresponding to any closing direction is also the second limiting part 225 corresponding to the other closing direction, this means that in the structure of the common moving contact 137 with bidirectional closing function, a physical limiting structure can simultaneously perform limiting functions in two directions: when the common moving contact 137 closes with one of the stationary contacts 141, the first limiting part 224 corresponding to the stationary contact 141 can play a role in resisting the impact of large fault currents; at the same time, when the common moving contact 137 stops at the intermediate fully open position, the first limiting part 224 can also serve as the second limiting part 225 to prevent the common moving contact 137 from accidentally closing to the other stationary contact 141. This design, through the integration of component functions, further simplifies the structure of the pusher 226, reduces the number of required independent limiting components, helps to achieve a more compact design and lower manufacturing costs, while ensuring the integrity and reliability of the limiting function in both operating directions and the intermediate open position.

[0194] Because the relay employs the aforementioned short-circuit protection structure, it integrates one or more of the aforementioned short-circuit protection features, thereby giving it a stronger overall ability to resist short-circuit current surges. Specifically, according to the combination of the specific claims, the relay can achieve a combination of beneficial effects, such as enhanced contact holding force, prevention of contacts from springing open due to electrodynamic forces, suppression of arcing, improved insulation performance, and ensuring reliable disconnection. This allows the relay to operate more safely and reliably under harsh operating conditions, such as when connecting high-power inductive loads or encountering line faults, effectively extending the relay's own service life and improving the safety of the controlled equipment and the entire system.

[0195] In at least one embodiment, at least two switches are included, the length directions of each movable contact 131 are parallel to each other in a preset projection plane, and the swing ends of at least two adjacent movable contacts 131 are located at the same end or different ends in their length directions.

[0196] Because the relay employing the aforementioned short-circuit protection structure includes at least two switches, and the moving contacts 131 in the switches are parallel to each other in a predetermined projection plane along their lengths, the swing ends of these two moving contacts 131 can be located at the same end or different ends along their lengths. This structure, with at least two moving contacts 131 arranged in parallel, facilitates a more compact contact system arrangement, allowing for more contact groups to be accommodated or more complex circuit switching logic to be implemented within a limited space. The flexibility of the swing end position of the moving contacts 131 (same end or different ends) allows for adjustments based on the design requirements and space constraints of the drive mechanism. For example, swing ends at different ends may facilitate a symmetrical drive method or achieve a longer electrical clearance, while swing ends at the same end may be suitable for certain specific linkage mechanisms. This structural layout not only relates to the physical dimensions of the relay but also has a positive impact on its mechanical performance, electrical performance, and achievable switching functions, such as potentially improving heat dissipation, optimizing the mechanical transmission path, or facilitating multi-channel parallel / series combinations.

[0197] The foregoing description of the specifications and embodiments is intended to explain the scope of protection of this utility model, but does not constitute a limitation on the scope of protection of this utility model. Modifications, equivalent substitutions, or other improvements to the embodiments of this utility model or a portion thereof that can be obtained by those skilled in the art through logical analysis, reasoning, or limited experimentation, based on the teachings of this utility model or the foregoing embodiments, should all be included within the scope of protection of this utility model.

Claims

1. A short-circuit resistant structure for a relay, characterized in that, include: A switch, which includes a moving contact and a stationary contact; and A pushing unit, adapted to be driven to move in a predetermined direction to push at least one moving contact to close or open with a stationary contact, includes a first elastic element and a pushing element; The first elastic member is disposed between the pusher and the movable contact member in the closing direction of the movable contact member, so as to provide the movable contact member with the contact pressure of closing with the stationary contact member when the movable contact member closes with the stationary contact member; At least one of the pushers is provided with a first limiting portion; the first limiting portion is provided corresponding to the closing direction of the moving contact and extends a predetermined length along a first direction, so as to contact or approach the moving contact along the closing direction of the moving contact and limit the distance of separation between the moving contact and the stationary contact when the moving contact and the stationary contact are closed; the first direction is the width direction of the moving contact.

2. The short-circuit protection structure as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The pushing unit moves linearly along a predetermined direction, the first direction being perpendicular to its direction of movement; or, the pushing unit swings along a predetermined direction, the first direction being perpendicular to the tangent of its direction of movement at at least one position where the pushing unit moves along the predetermined direction.

3. The short-circuit protection structure as described in claim 1, characterized in that, At least a portion of the first limiting portion corresponds to the middle portion of the moving contact in the width direction.

4. The short-circuit protection structure as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The two ends of the first limiting portion extend beyond or are flush with the two sides of the moving contact corresponding to the first limiting portion in the width direction.

5. The short-circuit protection structure as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The movable contact has a movable contact point and a pushed portion arranged sequentially along the second direction; the first elastic member is placed between the pusher and the pushed portion; the first limiting portion is located between the movable contact point and the pushed portion of the movable contact along the first direction; the second direction is the length direction of at least a portion of the movable contact.

6. A short-circuit resistant structure as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The first limiting portion extends in a wall shape and is located between the moving contact and the pushed portion of the moving contact member along the second direction.

7. A short-circuit resistant structure as described in claim 6, characterized in that, When the moving contact is in one of the disconnected positions separated from the stationary contact, at least a portion of the extended surface of the first limiting portion forms an angle with a reference surface defined by a first direction and a third direction, wherein the third direction is perpendicular to both the first direction and the second direction; or, when the moving contact is in one of the disconnected positions separated from the stationary contact, at least a portion of the extended surface of the first limiting portion is perpendicular to the second direction.

8. A short-circuit resistant structure as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The pusher has sidewalls on both sides of the moving contact in the first direction, and the first limiting part is disposed between the two sidewalls along the first direction.

9. A short-circuit resistant structure as described in claim 8, characterized in that, The first limiting part has a wall-like structure, and its two edges in the first direction are respectively connected to the two side walls; or, The first limiting part has a wall-like structure and is perpendicular to or at an angle to the first direction.

10. A short-circuit resistant structure as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The pushing unit is driven by a driving part with a positioning locking function or driven by a transmission mechanism with a mechanical self-locking function, so as to push at least one moving contact to close or open with the stationary contact and lock the state of the corresponding moving contact at least in the closed position.

11. A short-circuit resistant structure as described in claim 10, characterized in that, Transmission mechanisms with mechanical self-locking function include worm gear mechanisms with a lead angle less than or equal to the friction angle, or helical connection mechanisms with an inclined plane friction angle greater than the helix angle.

12. A short-circuit resistant structure as described in claim 10, characterized in that, The driving part includes a motor with a positioning locking function; the pushing member is driven by a rotating member, and the rotating member is driven by the motor to rotate around a first axis.

13. A short-circuit resistant structure as described in claim 10, characterized in that, The driving part includes a coil assembly and an armature assembly; the coil assembly is provided with a magnetic driving end, and the polarity temporarily formed by the magnetic driving end is reversed by the pulse electrical signal to drive the armature assembly to move linearly or swing; the armature assembly has a permanent magnet to keep the armature assembly and the coil assembly in a magnetic attraction state and form a locking function when the electrical signal disappears, and the pusher is driven by the armature assembly.

14. A short-circuit resistant structure as described in claim 12, characterized in that, The rotating member is provided with a first mating part; the pushing member is provided with a second mating part that slides with the first mating part in a direction perpendicular to the first axis, so that it can be driven by the rotating member to swing around the first axis parallel to the first axis or move in a straight line in a third direction.

15. A short-circuit resistant structure as described in claim 14, characterized in that, When the pushing unit pushes at least one moving contact to close with the stationary contact, the direction of the force exerted by the second mating part on the first mating part passes through or is close to the first axis.

16. A short-circuit resistant structure as described in claim 15, characterized in that, One of the first mating part and the second mating part is a sliding groove extending perpendicular to the first axis, and the other is a sliding pin extending into the sliding groove along the first axis, wherein the sliding pin is offset relative to the first axis.

17. A short-circuit resistant structure as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The pusher is provided with an overlapping portion, and the moving contact is adapted to overlap the overlapping portion when disconnected from the stationary contact to ensure disconnection from the stationary contact.

18. A short-circuit protection structure as described in any one of claims 1 to 16, characterized in that, At least two switches form a first switch group; in the first switch group, each switch shares a moving contact to form a common moving contact, and the stationary contacts of each switch are located on both sides of the common moving contact along the direction of movement of the common moving contact. The common moving contact is driven by a push unit to close with the stationary contacts on both sides in two closing directions.

19. A short-circuit resistant structure as described in claim 18, characterized in that, The pusher is further provided with a second limiting part, which is arranged corresponding to the closing direction of the common moving contact. When the pusher drives the common moving contact to disconnect from the stationary contact on either side, the second limiting part blocks the movement of the common moving contact along the closing direction toward the stationary contact on that side, so as to ensure that the common moving contact is disconnected from the stationary contact on that side.

20. A short-circuit resistant structure as described in claim 18, characterized in that, The pushing unit provides a first limiting part and a first elastic member on the stationary contact members on both sides of the common moving contact member in both closing directions; wherein, when the common moving contact member is disconnected from the stationary contact member on either side, the first elastic member on the other side acts on the common moving contact member to make it overlap with the pushing member.

21. A short-circuit resistant structure as described in claim 18, characterized in that, The common moving contact can also be driven by the pusher to stop between the stationary contacts on both sides along the direction of movement of the common moving contact and disconnect from both stationary contacts; The pusher is further provided with at least two second limiting parts, which are arranged corresponding to the two closing directions of the common moving contact. When the pusher drives the common moving contact to stop between the stationary contacts on both sides along the direction of movement of the common moving contact, the at least two second limiting parts prevent the common moving contact from closing with the stationary contact on either side along any closing direction.

22. A short-circuit resistant structure as described in claim 21, characterized in that, The first limiting part of the common moving contact corresponding to any closing direction is the second limiting part corresponding to the other closing direction.

23. A relay, characterized in that, The relay adopts the short-circuit protection structure as described in any one of claims 1-22.

24. A relay as described in claim 23, characterized in that, It includes at least two switches, the length directions of each of the moving contacts are parallel to each other in a preset projection plane, and the swing ends of at least two adjacent moving contacts are located at the same end or different ends in their length directions.

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