Hydrogen fuel cell

Abstract

The utility model discloses a hydrogen fuel cell, its first bipolar plate, second bipolar plate all include: anode plate, cathode plate and be located anode plate, cathode plate between air cooling board, anode plate with air cooling board opposite surface is equipped with a plurality of first groove, and the first ridge strip is separated through between adjacent first groove, the cathode plate with air cooling board opposite surface is equipped with a plurality of second groove, and the second ridge strip is separated through between adjacent second groove, air cooling board is alternately provided with a plurality of upflow channel groove to anode plate and a plurality of downflow channel groove to cathode plate along length direction, the opening width of upflow channel groove is less than the width of upflow channel groove bottom, and the opening width of downflow channel groove is less than the width of downflow channel groove bottom. The utility model increases air cooling board and anode plate, cathode plate contact area, reduces the probability of damage to anode plate, cathode plate respective groove and ridge strip, improves hydrogen fuel cell overall pressure resistance and heat dissipation performance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of battery technology, and in particular to a hydrogen fuel cell. Background Technology

[0002] With the increasing use of traditional energy sources such as fossil fuels, people are seeking new energy technologies to replace them in order to reduce environmental pollution and harm to organisms. Hydrogen fuel cells are electrochemical power generation devices that convert chemical energy into electrical energy. A single cell consists of electrodes, membrane electrode assemblies (MEAs), and corresponding sealing components. Hydrogen gas flows through channels in the electrodes, undergoing oxidation on one side of the MEA and reduction on the other. This process creates an electron flow in the external circuit, thereby generating electricity. The entire process is pollution-free, emission-free, and produces only water as a byproduct, making it a clean energy conversion device. Therefore, it has received attention and importance from various countries, becoming a research hotspot and is now widely used. However, the overall stress resistance and heat dissipation performance of existing hydrogen fuel cell bipolar plate assemblies need further improvement. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a hydrogen fuel cell that increases the contact area between the air cooling plate and the anode and cathode plates, reduces the probability of damage to the grooves and ridges of the anode and cathode plates, and improves the overall pressure resistance and heat dissipation performance of the hydrogen fuel cell.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by this utility model is as follows: a hydrogen fuel cell, comprising a first bipolar plate, a proton exchange membrane, and a second bipolar plate stacked sequentially, wherein the first bipolar plate and the second bipolar plate each include an anode plate, a cathode plate, and an air cooling plate located between the anode plate and the cathode plate, characterized in that: each of the anode plate and the cathode plate has a hydrogen inlet and a reaction air inlet at one end, and a hydrogen outlet and a reaction air outlet at the other end; the air cooling plate has a cooling air inlet on one side and a cooling air outlet on the other side.

[0005] The anode plate has a plurality of first grooves on the surface opposite to the air cooling plate, and adjacent first grooves are separated by first ridges. The cathode plate has a plurality of second grooves on the surface opposite to the air cooling plate, and adjacent second grooves are separated by second ridges.

[0006] The air cooling plate has several upper flow channel grooves facing the anode plate and several lower flow channel grooves facing the cathode plate alternately arranged along its length. The opening width of the upper flow channel groove is smaller than the width of the bottom of the upper flow channel groove, and the opening width of the lower flow channel groove is smaller than the width of the bottom of the lower flow channel groove.

[0007] The following are further improvements to the above technical solution:

[0008] 1. In the above scheme, the width of the bottom of the upper flow channel is 1 to 2 times the opening width of the upper flow channel, and the width of the bottom of the lower flow channel is 1 to 2 times the opening width of the lower flow channel.

[0009] 2. In the above scheme, the edge area of ​​the cathode plate of the first bipolar plate is sealed to one surface of the proton exchange membrane through a first sealing ring, and the edge area of ​​the anode plate of the second bipolar plate is sealed to the other surface of the proton exchange membrane through a second sealing ring.

[0010] 3. In the above scheme, the first trench and the second trench.

[0011] 4. In the above scheme, the width of the first trench is equal to the width of the second trench.

[0012] 5. In the above scheme, the depth of the first trench is less than the depth of the second trench.

[0013] Due to the application of the above technical solution, this utility model has the following advantages compared with the prior art:

[0014] This utility model relates to a hydrogen fuel cell, in which an air cooling plate located between the anode and cathode plates in the bipolar plate is alternately provided with a plurality of upper flow channel grooves facing the anode plate and a plurality of lower flow channel grooves facing the cathode plate along the length direction. The opening width of the upper flow channel groove is smaller than the width of the bottom of the upper flow channel groove, and the opening width of the lower flow channel groove is smaller than the width of the bottom of the lower flow channel groove. This increases the contact area between the air cooling plate and the anode and cathode plates, reduces the probability of damage to the grooves and ridges of the anode and cathode plates, and improves the overall pressure resistance and heat dissipation performance of the hydrogen fuel cell. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Appendix Figure 1 This is a front view structural diagram of the hydrogen fuel cell of this utility model;

[0016] Appendix Figure 2 For the appendix Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the local structure at point A in the middle;

[0017] Appendix Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the hydrogen fuel cell bipolar plate assembly of this utility model;

[0018] Appendix Figure 4 This is a bottom view of the bipolar plate structure of this utility model;

[0019] Appendix Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the metal cooling plate of this utility model.

[0020] Appendix Figure 6 For the appendix Figure 1 A magnified view of a portion of point B in the middle.

[0021] In the attached diagrams: 1. Anode plate; 2. Cathode plate; 3. Air cooling plate; 41. Hydrogen inlet; 42. Hydrogen outlet; 51. Reactant air inlet; 52. Reactant air outlet; 61. Cooling air inlet; 62. Cooling air outlet; 71. First groove; 72. First ridge; 81. Second groove; 82. Second ridge; 9. Upper flow channel groove; 10. Lower flow channel groove; 11. First bipolar plate; 12. Proton exchange membrane; 13. Second bipolar plate; 14. First sealing ring; 15. Second sealing ring. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The present patent can be further understood through the specific embodiments given below, but they are not intended to limit the present patent.

[0023] Example 1: A hydrogen fuel cell includes a first bipolar plate 11, a proton exchange membrane 12, and a second bipolar plate 13 stacked sequentially. Both the first bipolar plate 11 and the second bipolar plate 13 include an anode plate 1, a cathode plate 2, and an air cooling plate 3 located between the anode plate 1 and the cathode plate 2. The anode plate 1 and the cathode plate 2 each have a hydrogen inlet 41 and a reaction air inlet 51 at one end, and a hydrogen outlet 42 and a reaction air outlet 52 at the other end. The air cooling plate 3 has a cooling air inlet 61 on one side and a cooling air outlet 62 on the other side.

[0024] The surface of the anode plate 1 opposite to the air cooling plate 3 is provided with a plurality of first grooves 71, and adjacent first grooves 71 are separated by first ridges 72. The surface of the cathode plate 2 opposite to the air cooling plate 3 is provided with a plurality of second grooves 81, and adjacent second grooves 81 are separated by second ridges 82.

[0025] The air cooling plate 3 is provided with a plurality of upper flow channel grooves 9 facing the anode plate 1 and a plurality of lower flow channel grooves 10 facing the cathode plate 2 alternately along its length. The opening width of the upper flow channel groove 9 is smaller than the width of the bottom of the upper flow channel groove 9, and the opening width of the lower flow channel groove 10 is smaller than the width of the bottom of the lower flow channel groove 10.

[0026] The width of the bottom of the upper flow channel 9 is 1 to 2 times the opening width of the upper flow channel 9, and the width of the bottom of the lower flow channel 10 is 1 to 2 times the opening width of the lower flow channel 10.

[0027] The edge region of the cathode plate 2 of the first bipolar plate 11 is sealed to one surface of the proton exchange membrane 12 through the first sealing ring 14, and the edge region of the anode plate 1 of the second bipolar plate 13 is sealed to the other surface of the proton exchange membrane 12 through the second sealing ring 15.

[0028] The first groove 71 and the second groove 81 mentioned above.

[0029] The width of the first groove 71 is equal to the width of the second groove 81.

[0030] The depth of the first trench 71 is less than the depth of the second trench 81.

[0031] Example 2: A hydrogen fuel cell includes a first bipolar plate 11, a proton exchange membrane 12, and a second bipolar plate 13 stacked sequentially. Both the first bipolar plate 11 and the second bipolar plate 13 include an anode plate 1, a cathode plate 2, and an air cooling plate 3 located between the anode plate 1 and the cathode plate 2. The anode plate 1 and the cathode plate 2 each have a hydrogen inlet 41 and a reaction air inlet 51 at one end, and a hydrogen outlet 42 and a reaction air outlet 52 at the other end. The air cooling plate 3 has a cooling air inlet 61 on one side and a cooling air outlet 62 on the other side.

[0032] The surface of the anode plate 1 opposite to the air cooling plate 3 is provided with a plurality of first grooves 71, and adjacent first grooves 71 are separated by first ridges 72. The surface of the cathode plate 2 opposite to the air cooling plate 3 is provided with a plurality of second grooves 81, and adjacent second grooves 81 are separated by second ridges 82.

[0033] The air cooling plate 3 is provided with a plurality of upper flow channel grooves 9 facing the anode plate 1 and a plurality of lower flow channel grooves 10 facing the cathode plate 2 alternately along its length. The opening width of the upper flow channel groove 9 is smaller than the width of the bottom of the upper flow channel groove 9, and the opening width of the lower flow channel groove 10 is smaller than the width of the bottom of the lower flow channel groove 10.

[0034] The width of the bottom of the upper flow channel 9 is 1 to 2 times the opening width of the upper flow channel 9, and the width of the bottom of the lower flow channel 10 is 1 to 2 times the opening width of the lower flow channel 10.

[0035] The edge region of the cathode plate 2 of the first bipolar plate 11 is sealed to one surface of the proton exchange membrane 12 through the first sealing ring 14, and the edge region of the anode plate 1 of the second bipolar plate 13 is sealed to the other surface of the proton exchange membrane 12 through the second sealing ring 15.

[0036] The first groove 71 and the second groove 81 mentioned above.

[0037] The width of the first groove 71 is equal to the width of the second groove 81.

[0038] The depth of the first trench 71 is less than the depth of the second trench 81.

[0039] When using the above-mentioned hydrogen fuel cell, the air cooling plate 7 located between the anode plate 5 and the cathode plate 6 in its bipolar plate is alternately provided with a number of upper flow channel grooves facing the anode plate 5 and a number of lower flow channel grooves facing the cathode plate 6 along its length direction. The opening width of the upper flow channel groove is smaller than the width of the bottom of the upper flow channel groove, and the opening width of the lower flow channel groove is smaller than the width of the bottom of the lower flow channel groove. This increases the contact area between the air cooling plate 7 and the anode plate 5 and the cathode plate 6, reduces the probability of damage to the grooves 51 and ridges of the anode plate 5 and the cathode plate 6, and improves the overall pressure resistance and heat dissipation performance of the hydrogen fuel cell.

[0040] The above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical concept and features of this utility model, and are intended to enable those skilled in the art to understand the content of this utility model and implement it accordingly. They should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of this utility model. All equivalent changes or modifications made in accordance with the spirit and essence of this utility model should be included within the scope of protection of this utility model.

Claims

1. A hydrogen fuel cell, comprising a first bipolar plate (11), a proton exchange membrane (12), and a second bipolar plate (13) stacked sequentially, wherein both the first bipolar plate (11) and the second bipolar plate (13) comprise: An anode plate (1), a cathode plate (2), and an air cooling plate (3) located between the anode plate (1) and the cathode plate (2) are characterized in that: each of the anode plate (1) and the cathode plate (2) has a hydrogen inlet (41) and a reaction air inlet (51) at one end, and a hydrogen outlet (42) and a reaction air outlet (52) at the other end; the air cooling plate (3) has a cooling air inlet (61) on one side and a cooling air outlet (62) on the other side. The anode plate (1) has a plurality of first grooves (71) on the surface opposite to the air cooling plate (3), and adjacent first grooves (71) are separated by first ridges (72). The cathode plate (2) has a plurality of second grooves (81) on the surface opposite to the air cooling plate (3), and adjacent second grooves (81) are separated by second ridges (82). The air cooling plate (3) is alternately provided with a number of upper flow channel grooves (9) facing the anode plate (1) and a number of lower flow channel grooves (10) facing the cathode plate (2) along the length direction. The opening width of the upper flow channel groove (9) is smaller than the width of the bottom of the upper flow channel groove (9), and the opening width of the lower flow channel groove (10) is smaller than the width of the bottom of the lower flow channel groove (10).

2. The hydrogen fuel cell according to claim 1, characterized in that: The width of the bottom of the upper flow channel (9) is 1 to 2 times the opening width of the upper flow channel (9), and the width of the bottom of the lower flow channel (10) is 1 to 2 times the opening width of the lower flow channel (10).

3. The hydrogen fuel cell according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The edge region of the cathode plate (2) of the first bipolar plate (11) is sealed to one surface of the proton exchange membrane (12) through the first sealing ring (14), and the edge region of the anode plate (1) of the second bipolar plate (13) is sealed to the other surface of the proton exchange membrane (12) through the second sealing ring (15).

4. The hydrogen fuel cell according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The width of the first groove (71) is equal to the width of the second groove (81).

5. The hydrogen fuel cell according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The depth of the first trench (71) is less than the depth of the second trench (81).

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