A small flow battery cell assembly and a small flow battery cell

Abstract

The utility model relates to a kind of small-sized flow battery single cell component and small-sized flow battery single cell, with ion exchange membrane as center, first sealing gasket frame, electrode frame, second sealing gasket frame, bipolar plate, inlet-outlet liquid plate and end plate are fixedly arranged in order from inside to outside on the left and right sides of ion exchange membrane, and there is an electrode in first sealing gasket frame, electrode frame and second sealing gasket frame, the side of inlet-outlet liquid plate to ion exchange membrane is recessed inward and embedded with a current collector, the small-sized flow battery single cell component of the utility model can also have good sealing under smaller size, for stack material screening can or performance test, material waste can be reduced, and the small-sized flow battery single cell component structure of the utility model is simple, simple, fast, flexible to assemble, applicable to the test of electrode material of different thickness, easy to disassemble and assemble, low in cost.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of flow battery technology, specifically relating to a small flow battery single cell assembly and a small flow battery single cell. Background Technology

[0002] Flow batteries are a new type of energy storage battery, consisting of a stack unit, electrolyte, electrolyte storage and supply unit, and management and control unit. As a novel large-scale electrochemical energy storage battery, flow batteries differ from batteries that typically use solid-material or gaseous electrodes. Their active material is a flowing electrolyte solution, with separate circulation for the positive and negative electrodes. Their most significant characteristic is large-scale energy storage and the ability to independently design power and capacity. Flow batteries are high-performance batteries with high capacity, wide range of applications (environments), and long cycle life.

[0003] The flow battery stack mainly consists of an ion exchange membrane, an electrode frame with embedded electrodes, and bipolar plates. The choice of materials for the ion exchange membrane, electrodes, and bipolar plates directly affects the electrical performance of the flow battery. However, standard flow batteries are large and difficult to assemble; performing electrical performance testing after assembly would be a significant waste of raw materials and manpower. Therefore, current technologies typically scale down the standard stack structure for material testing. However, with further reduction in size, the assembly difficulty increases. To reduce assembly difficulty, the fabrication of individual flow battery cells can be simplified. However, with shrinking size and structural simplification, ensuring airtightness during assembly becomes increasingly difficult, making it hard to achieve very small sizes. Furthermore, a well-designed flow battery cell is generally only suitable for testing materials of a selected thickness. When the test material thickness is unsuitable, the probability of leakage increases significantly, resulting in poor versatility. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a small flow battery single cell assembly and a small flow battery single cell that are simple, quick, flexible, and well-sealed.

[0005] Another objective of this invention is to provide the application of the aforementioned small flow battery single cell in the performance testing of battery stack materials.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by this utility model is as follows:

[0007] This utility model provides a small flow battery single cell assembly. Centered on an ion exchange membrane, a first sealing gasket frame, an electrode frame, a second sealing gasket frame, a bipolar plate, an inlet / outlet plate, and an end plate are sequentially laminated and fixed on the left and right sides of the ion exchange membrane from the inside out. An electrode is embedded in the first sealing gasket frame, the electrode frame, and the second sealing gasket frame. The side of the inlet / outlet plate facing the ion exchange membrane is recessed inward and has a current collector embedded therein. The electrode frame has an electrolyte drainage region recessed inward from its surface on one side away from the ion exchange membrane. This electrolyte drainage region includes a first electrolyte drainage region located at the lower part of the electrode frame and a second electrolyte drainage region located at the upper part of the electrode frame. The lower part of the small flow battery single-cell assembly has a positive electrolyte inlet channel and a negative electrolyte inlet channel extending in a left-right direction. The upper part of the small flow battery single-cell assembly has a positive electrolyte outlet channel and a negative electrolyte outlet channel extending in a left-right direction. The left end of the positive electrolyte inlet channel... The positive electrode electrolyte outlet channel is connected to the outside world. Its right end is connected to the first electrolyte drainage area of ​​the electrode frame located on the left side of the ion exchange membrane. The right end of the negative electrode electrolyte inlet channel is connected to the outside world, and its left end is connected to the first electrolyte drainage area of ​​the electrode frame located on the right side of the ion exchange membrane. The left end of the positive electrode electrolyte outlet channel is connected to the outside world, and its right end is connected to the second electrolyte drainage area of ​​the electrode frame located on the left side of the ion exchange membrane. The right end of the negative electrode electrolyte outlet channel is connected to the outside world, and its left end is connected to the second electrolyte drainage area of ​​the electrode frame located on the right side of the ion exchange membrane.

[0008] In this embodiment of the invention, the sum of the thicknesses of the first sealing gasket frame, the electrode frame, and the second sealing gasket frame is 1 to 1.2 times the thickness of the electrode. Preferably, the thickness of the electrode is approximately equal to the sum of the thicknesses of the first sealing gasket frame, the electrode frame, and the second sealing gasket frame.

[0009] In this embodiment of the present invention, the first sealing gasket frame, the electrode frame and the second sealing gasket frame are each a U-shaped structure with cavities, and the cavities of the first sealing gasket frame, the electrode frame and the second sealing gasket frame together constitute the receiving cavity of the electrode.

[0010] In this embodiment of the invention, the number of the first sealing gasket frame and / or the second sealing gasket frame is one or more, and the thickness of the plurality of the first sealing gasket frames and / or the second sealing gasket frames is equal or different.

[0011] In this embodiment of the invention, electrodes of different thicknesses can be quickly adapted by replacing the first sealing gasket frame and / or the second sealing gasket frame with different thicknesses, or the thickness of the electrode can be matched by using multiple first sealing gasket frames and / or the second sealing gasket frames at the same time.

[0012] In this embodiment of the invention, the lower frame of the end plate, the inlet / outlet plate, the bipolar plate, and the second sealing gasket frame are respectively provided with inlet holes, and the upper frame of the end plate, the inlet / outlet plate, the bipolar plate, and the second sealing gasket frame are respectively provided with outlet holes. Specifically, the inlet holes of the end plate, the inlet / outlet plate, the bipolar plate, and the second sealing gasket frame located on the left side of the ion exchange membrane are connected to form the positive electrolyte inlet channel; the inlet holes of the end plate, the inlet / outlet plate, the bipolar plate, and the second sealing gasket frame located on the right side of the ion exchange membrane are connected to form the negative electrolyte inlet channel; the outlet holes of the end plate, the inlet / outlet plate, and the second sealing gasket frame located on the left side of the ion exchange membrane are connected to form the positive electrolyte outlet channel; and the outlet holes of the end plate, the inlet / outlet plate, and the second sealing gasket frame located on the right side of the ion exchange membrane are connected to form the negative electrolyte outlet channel.

[0013] In this embodiment of the invention, a pagoda connector is connected to the liquid inlet hole of the end plate and the liquid inlet / outlet plate, and a pagoda connector is also connected to the liquid outlet hole of the end plate and the liquid outlet hole of the liquid inlet / outlet plate. Preferably, the liquid inlet hole and the liquid outlet hole on the liquid inlet / outlet plate are provided with internal threads to facilitate the screwing on of a pagoda connector of a suitable size.

[0014] According to some specific embodiments of the present invention, the electrolyte drainage area includes a guiding channel and a distribution channel. The guiding channel extends along the axis of symmetry of the cavity of the electrode frame, and the width of the distribution channel gradually decreases from the inner edge of the electrode frame to the guiding channel.

[0015] In this embodiment of the utility model, the four corners of the ion exchange membrane, the first sealing gasket frame, the electrode frame, the second sealing gasket frame, the bipolar plate, the inlet / outlet liquid plate, and the end plate are respectively provided with positioning through holes for positioning and installing screws. The small flow battery single cell assembly also includes screws for laminating and fixing the ion exchange membrane, the first sealing gasket frame, the electrode frame, the second sealing gasket frame, the bipolar plate, the inlet / outlet liquid plate, and the end plate.

[0016] In this embodiment of the invention, a sealing ring is provided between the liquid inlet hole of the liquid inlet / outlet plate and the liquid inlet hole of the bipolar plate.

[0017] In this embodiment of the invention, a sealing ring is provided between the liquid outlet hole of the inlet / outlet plate and the liquid outlet hole of the bipolar plate.

[0018] In this embodiment of the invention, the electrode frame is made of PP, PE or PVC.

[0019] In this embodiment of the invention, the material of the inlet / outlet liquid plate is PP, PE or PVC.

[0020] In this embodiment of the invention, the end plate is made of aluminum alloy, stainless steel or carbon steel.

[0021] In this embodiment of the invention, the first sealing gasket and the second sealing gasket are made of rubber or silicone, respectively.

[0022] In this embodiment of the invention, the length and width of the ion exchange membrane, the first sealing gasket frame, the electrode frame, the second sealing gasket frame, the inlet / outlet liquid plate, and the end plate are each independently 50-150 mm.

[0023] The second aspect of this utility model also provides a flow battery single cell, which includes the above-mentioned small flow battery single cell assembly.

[0024] Furthermore, the flow battery single cell also includes a positive electrolyte storage unit storing positive electrolyte, a negative electrolyte storage unit storing negative electrolyte, and a small electrolyte circulation system, which are conventionally used in the art. These components are connected and assembled with the aforementioned small flow battery single cell assembly in accordance with the prior art to form a flow battery single cell, which will not be described in detail here.

[0025] The single cell of this flow battery can be used for performance testing of battery stack materials, such as for performance testing of ion exchange membranes, electrodes or bipolar plates, which facilitates early material screening and reduces material waste.

[0026] Due to the application of the above technical solution, this utility model has the following advantages compared with the prior art:

[0027] The miniature flow battery single-cell assembly of this invention can achieve excellent sealing performance in a smaller size. When used for screening or testing fuel cell stack materials, it can reduce material waste. Furthermore, the miniature flow battery single-cell assembly of this invention has a simple structure, is easy, quick, and flexible to assemble, and can be applied to testing electrode materials of different thicknesses. It is also convenient to disassemble and assemble, and has low cost. Attached Figure Description

[0028] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of a single-cell flow battery assembly according to Example 1;

[0029] Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the flow battery single-cell assembly of Example 1 from another perspective.

[0030] Figure 3 for Figure 1 Front view structural diagram;

[0031] Figure 4 For along Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional cross-sectional structure of AA;

[0032] Figure 5 For along Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of AA;

[0033] Figure 6 for Figure 1 Side view;

[0034] Figure 7 for Figure 1 Top view;

[0035] Figure 8 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the electrode frame in the flow battery single-cell assembly of Example 1;

[0036] Figure 9 for Figure 8 Front view structural diagram;

[0037] Figure 10 for Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the rear view structure;

[0038] Figure 11 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the inlet and outlet plates in the single-cell assembly of the flow battery in Example 1.

[0039] Figure 12 for Figure 11 Front view structural diagram;

[0040] Figure 13 For along Figure 12 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of BB;

[0041] Figure 14 for Figure 11 A schematic diagram of the rear view structure;

[0042] Figure 15 for Figure 11 A schematic diagram of the side view structure;

[0043] Figure 16 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the end plate in the flow battery single-cell assembly of Example 1;

[0044] Figure 17 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the first sealing gasket frame in the flow battery single-cell assembly of Example 1;

[0045] Figure 18 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the second sealing gasket frame in the flow battery single-cell assembly of Example 1.

[0046] In the above diagram, 1 is the ion exchange membrane; 2 is the first sealing gasket frame; 3 is the electrode frame; 31 is the guide channel; 32 is the distribution channel; 4 is the second sealing gasket frame; 5 is the bipolar plate; 6 is the collector plate; 7 is the inlet and outlet plates; 8 is the end plate; 9 is the electrode; 10 is the pagoda connector; 111 is the positive electrolyte inlet channel; 112 is the positive electrolyte outlet channel; 113 is the negative electrolyte inlet channel; 114 is the negative electrolyte outlet channel; 13 is the positioning through hole; 121 is the inlet through hole; and 122 is the outlet through hole. Detailed Implementation

[0047] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings.

[0048] In the following description, only certain exemplary embodiments are briefly described. As those skilled in the art will recognize, the described embodiments can be modified in various ways without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the drawings and description are considered to be exemplary in nature and not restrictive.

[0049] In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the terms "left," "right," "upper," and "lower" are based on Figure 5 The directions or positional relationships are shown. "Inner" refers to the position closer to the center of the flow battery single cell, and "outer" refers to the position farther from the center of the flow battery single cell. The above description of the directions is only for the convenience of describing the embodiments of this utility model and simplifying the description, and is not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation on the embodiments of this utility model.

[0050] In the description of this utility model, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "connected," "fixed," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in the embodiments of this utility model according to the specific circumstances.

[0051] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Therefore, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the embodiments of this utility model, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0052] Example 1

[0053] This embodiment provides a small flow battery single cell, which includes a small flow battery single cell assembly, a positive electrolyte storage unit storing positive electrolyte, a negative electrolyte storage unit storing negative electrolyte, and a small electrolyte circulation system.

[0054] Specifically, such as Figures 1 to 18 As shown, in this embodiment, the small flow battery single-cell assembly is centered on the ion exchange membrane 1. On the left and right sides of the ion exchange membrane 1, from the inside out, a first sealing gasket frame 2, an electrode frame 3, a second sealing gasket frame 4, a bipolar plate 5, an inlet / outlet liquid plate 7, and an end plate 8 are sequentially laminated and fixed. An electrode 9 is embedded in the first sealing gasket frame 2, the electrode frame 3, and the second sealing gasket frame 4. The side of the inlet / outlet liquid plate 7 facing the ion exchange membrane 1 is recessed inward and has a current collector 6 embedded in it. The side of the electrode frame 3 facing away from the ion exchange membrane 1 has an electrolyte drainage area that is recessed inward from its surface. The electrolyte drainage area includes a first electrolyte drainage area located at the lower part of the electrode frame 3 and a second electrolyte drainage area located at the upper part of the electrode frame 3. The lower part of the small flow battery single cell assembly of this embodiment is provided with a positive electrolyte inlet channel 111 and a negative electrolyte inlet channel 113 extending in the left-right direction. The upper part of the small flow battery single cell assembly is provided with a positive electrolyte outlet channel 112 and a negative electrolyte outlet channel 114 extending in the left-right direction. The left end of the positive electrolyte inlet channel 111 is connected to the outside, and the right end is connected to the first electrolyte guiding area of ​​the electrode frame 3 located on the left side of the ion exchange membrane 1. The right end of the negative electrode electrolyte inlet channel 113 is connected to the outside, and the left end is connected to the first electrolyte drainage area of ​​the electrode frame 3 located on the right side of the ion exchange membrane 1. The left end of the positive electrode electrolyte outlet channel 112 is connected to the outside, and the right end is connected to the second electrolyte drainage area of ​​the electrode frame 3 located on the left side of the ion exchange membrane 1. The right end of the negative electrode electrolyte outlet channel 114 is connected to the outside, and the left end is connected to the second electrolyte drainage area of ​​the electrode frame 3 located on the right side of the ion exchange membrane 1.

[0055] In this embodiment, the thickness of electrode 9 is approximately equal to the sum of the thicknesses of the first sealing gasket frame 2, electrode frame 3, and second sealing gasket frame 4. The first sealing gasket frame 2, electrode frame 3, and second sealing gasket frame 4 are each a U-shaped structure with cavities, and the cavities of the first sealing gasket frame 2, electrode frame 3, and second sealing gasket frame 4 together constitute the receiving cavity of the electrode. In this embodiment, the lower frame of the end plate 8, the inlet / outlet liquid plate 7, the bipolar plate 5, and the second sealing gasket frame 4 are respectively provided with liquid inlet holes 121, and the upper frame of the end plate 8, the inlet / outlet liquid plate 7, the bipolar plate 5, and the second sealing gasket frame 4 are respectively provided with liquid outlet holes 122. The liquid inlet holes 121 of the end plate 8, the inlet / outlet liquid plate 7, the bipolar plate 5, and the second sealing gasket frame 4 located on the left side of the ion exchange membrane 1 are connected to form a positive electrode electrolyte inlet channel 111. The end plate 8, inlet / outlet plates 7, bipolar plate 5, and second sealing gasket frame 4 on the right side of the ion exchange membrane 1 are connected by their inlet holes 121 to form a negative electrolyte inlet channel 113. The end plate 8, inlet / outlet plates 7, and second sealing gasket frame 4 on the left side of the ion exchange membrane 1 are connected by their outlet holes 122 to form a positive electrolyte outlet channel 112. The end plate 8, inlet / outlet plates 7, and second sealing gasket frame 4 on the right side of the ion exchange membrane 1 are connected by their outlet holes 122 to form a negative electrolyte outlet channel 114. In this embodiment, a pagoda connector 10 is connected to the liquid inlet through hole 121 of the end plate 8 and the liquid inlet through hole 121 of the liquid inlet / outlet plate 7. A pagoda connector 10 is also connected to the liquid outlet through hole 122 of the end plate 8 and the liquid outlet through hole 122 of the liquid inlet / outlet plate 7. The liquid inlet through hole 121 and the liquid outlet through hole 122 on the liquid inlet / outlet plate 7 are provided with internal threads to facilitate the screwing on of a appropriately sized pagoda connector 10. In this embodiment, the electrolyte drainage area of ​​the electrode frame 3 includes a guiding channel 31 and a distribution channel 32. The guiding channel 31 extends along the centerline of the cavity of the electrode frame 3, and the width of the distribution channel 32 gradually decreases from the inner edge of the electrode frame 3 to the guiding channel 31. In this embodiment, the four corners of the ion exchange membrane 1, the first sealing gasket frame 2, the electrode frame 3, the second sealing gasket frame 4, the bipolar plate 5, the inlet / outlet liquid plate 7, and the end plate 8 are respectively provided with positioning through holes 13 for positioning and installing screws. The small flow battery single-cell assembly of this embodiment also includes screws for laminating and fixing the ion exchange membrane 1, the first sealing gasket frame 2, the electrode frame 3, the second sealing gasket frame 4, the bipolar plate 5, the inlet / outlet liquid plate 7, and the end plate 8. In this embodiment, a sealing ring is provided between the liquid inlet through hole 121 of the inlet / outlet liquid plate 7 and the liquid inlet through hole 122 of the bipolar plate 5, and a sealing ring is also provided between the liquid outlet through hole 122 of the inlet / outlet liquid plate 7 and the liquid outlet through hole 122 of the bipolar plate 5. In this embodiment, the electrode frame 3 and the inlet / outlet liquid plate 7 are made of PVC, the end plate 8 is made of aluminum alloy, the first sealing gasket frame 2 and the second sealing gasket frame 4 are made of silicone, the bipolar plate 5 is a graphite plate, and the electrode 9 is a graphite felt electrode.

[0056] The performance of two commercially available ion exchange membranes was compared between a small flow battery single cell and a traditional flow battery single cell in this embodiment. The ion exchange membrane of brand 1 (Kerun) was a perfluorosulfonic acid proton exchange membrane with a thickness of 0.05 mm, from Suzhou Kerun New Materials Co., Ltd., item number N-212; the ion exchange membrane of brand 2 (Hancheng) was a perfluorosulfonic acid proton exchange membrane with a thickness of 0.06 mm, from Hancheng New Materials Technology (Shanghai) Co., Ltd.

[0057] The test uses a small flow battery, cell A, with the following specifications for the single-cell assembly:

[0058] The end plate 8 has dimensions of 90mm × 80mm × 10mm, the inlet / outlet liquid plate 7 has dimensions of 74mm × 74mm × 20mm, the electrode frame 3 has dimensions of 70mm × 70mm × 2mm, the bipolar plate 5 has dimensions of 70mm × 70mm × 1mm, the electrode 9 has dimensions of 50mm × 50mm × 4mm, the first sealing gasket frame 2 and the second sealing gasket frame 4 have dimensions of 70mm × 70mm × 1mm, and an ion exchange membrane of brand 1 with dimensions of 70mm × 70mm × 0.05mm is cut and assembled. Figure 1 The structure shown.

[0059] The test uses a small flow battery single cell B, and the specifications of the single cell assembly are as follows:

[0060] The end plate 8 has dimensions of 90mm × 80mm × 10mm, the inlet / outlet liquid plate 7 has dimensions of 74mm × 74mm × 20mm, the electrode frame 3 has dimensions of 70mm × 70mm × 2mm, the bipolar plate 5 has dimensions of 70mm × 70mm × 1mm, the electrode 9 has dimensions of 50mm × 50mm × 4mm, the first sealing gasket frame 2 and the second sealing gasket frame 4 have dimensions of 70mm × 70mm × 1mm, and an ion exchange membrane of brand 2 with dimensions of 70mm × 70mm × 0.06mm is cut and assembled. Figure 1 The structure shown.

[0061] Tested using a conventional flow battery single cell A:

[0062] The flow battery single cell A was fabricated with reference to the flow battery single cell structure of patent CN111261895B. The bipolar plate has a size of 730mm×280mm×1mm, the electrode has a size of 690mm×240mm×4mm, the electrode frame has a size of 730mm×280mm×3mm, and the ion exchange membrane is an ion exchange membrane of brand 1 with a size of 710mm×260mm×0.05mm.

[0063] Test using a conventional flow battery single cell B:

[0064] The flow battery single cell B was fabricated with reference to the flow battery single cell structure of patent CN111261895B. The bipolar plate has a size of 730mm×280mm×1mm, the electrode has a size of 690mm×240mm×4mm, the electrode frame has a size of 730mm×280mm×3mm, and the ion exchange membrane is an ion exchange membrane of brand 2 with a size of 710mm×260mm×0.06mm.

[0065] After assembling the single-cell components, connect them to a small electrolyte circulation system. Start the peristaltic pump or magnetic pump to circulate the electrolyte for 1 hour to ensure the electrolyte fully wets the electrodes and observe for leakage. Once no leakage is found, the charge-discharge testing instrument can be turned on to begin testing. The performance test results of the ion exchange membrane for Brand 1 are shown in Table 1, and the performance test results of the ion exchange membrane for Brand 2 are shown in Table 2.

[0066] Table 1

[0067]

[0068] Table 2

[0069]

[0070] The assembly of a single cell in a traditional flow battery takes about 30 minutes and was performed four times during the test. Two of these attempts resulted in leakage and required reassembly. The assembly of the single cell in this invention takes about 10 minutes and was performed twice during this test without any leakage.

[0071] Traditional flow batteries are prone to leakage during assembly, leading to electrolyte leakage out of the battery or cross-contamination between the positive and negative electrolytes, which can affect test results. Reducing the size of traditional flow battery cells shortens the distance between the positive and negative electrode flow channels, decreasing the sealing area and making the seal more susceptible to failure.

[0072] According to Tables 1 and 2, the small flow battery single cell of this embodiment can reflect the differences in material performance in the same way as the traditional flow battery single cell, even with the use of fewer materials. The small flow battery single cell of this embodiment is smaller in size, easier to assemble, and less prone to leakage.

[0073] The above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical concept and features of this utility model, and are intended to enable those skilled in the art to understand the content of this utility model and implement it accordingly. They should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of this utility model. All equivalent changes or modifications made in accordance with the spirit and essence of this utility model should be included within the scope of protection of this utility model.

Claims

1. A small flow battery single-cell assembly, characterized in that, Centered on the ion exchange membrane (1), a first sealing gasket frame (2), an electrode frame (3), a second sealing gasket frame (4), a bipolar plate (5), an inlet / outlet plate (7), and an end plate (8) are sequentially laminated and fixed on the left and right sides of the ion exchange membrane (1) from the inside out. An electrode (9) is embedded in the first sealing gasket frame (2), the electrode frame (3), and the second sealing gasket frame (4). The side of the inlet / outlet plate (7) facing the ion exchange membrane (1) is recessed inward and has a current collector (6) embedded in it. The electrode frame (3) has an electrolyte drainage area recessed inward from its surface on one side away from the ion exchange membrane (1). The electrolyte drainage area includes a first electrolyte drainage area located at the lower part of the electrode frame (3) and a second electrolyte drainage area located at the upper part of the electrode frame (3). The first sealing gasket frame (2), the electrode frame (3), and the second sealing gasket frame (4) are all hollow U-shaped structures, and the cavities of the first sealing gasket frame (2), the electrode frame (3), and the second sealing gasket frame (4) together constitute the receiving cavity of the electrode (9). The electrolyte drainage area includes a guiding channel (31) and a distribution channel (32). The guiding channel (31) extends along the axis of symmetry of the cavity of the electrode frame (3), and the width of the distribution channel (32) gradually decreases from the inner edge of the electrode frame (3) to the guiding channel (31). The lower part of the small flow battery single cell assembly is provided with a positive electrolyte inlet channel (111) and a negative electrolyte inlet channel (113) extending in the left-right direction, and the upper part of the small flow battery single cell assembly is provided with a positive electrolyte outlet channel (112) and a negative electrolyte outlet channel (114) extending in the left-right direction. The left end of the positive electrode electrolyte inlet channel (111) is connected to the outside, and the right end is connected to the first electrolyte drainage area of ​​the electrode frame (3) located on the left side of the ion exchange membrane (1). The right end of the negative electrode electrolyte inlet channel (113) is connected to the outside, and the left end is connected to the first electrolyte drainage area of ​​the electrode frame (3) located on the right side of the ion exchange membrane (1). The left end of the positive electrode electrolyte outlet channel (112) is connected to the outside, and the right end is connected to the second electrolyte drainage area of ​​the electrode frame (3) located on the left side of the ion exchange membrane (1). The right end of the negative electrode electrolyte outlet channel (114) is connected to the outside, and the left end is connected to the second electrolyte drainage area of ​​the electrode frame (3) located on the right side of the ion exchange membrane (1).

2. The small flow battery single-cell assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sum of the thicknesses of the first sealing gasket frame (2), the electrode frame (3), and the second sealing gasket frame (4) is 1 to 1.2 times the thickness of the electrode (9).

3. The small flow battery single-cell assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that, The lower edges of the end plate (8), the inlet / outlet plate (7), the bipolar plate (5), and the second sealing gasket frame (4) are respectively provided with inlet through holes (121), and the upper edges of the end plate (8), the inlet / outlet plate (7), the bipolar plate (5), and the second sealing gasket frame (4) are respectively provided with outlet through holes (122). The end plate (8), the inlet / outlet plate (7), the bipolar plate (5), and the inlet hole (121) of the second sealing gasket frame (4) located on the left side of the ion exchange membrane (1) are connected to form the positive electrode electrolyte inlet channel (111), and the end plate (8), the inlet / outlet plate (7), the bipolar plate (5), and the inlet hole (121) of the second sealing gasket frame (4) located on the right side of the ion exchange membrane (1) are connected to form the negative electrode electrolyte inlet channel (113). The end plate (8), the inlet / outlet plate (7), and the outlet hole (122) of the second sealing gasket frame (4) located on the left side of the ion exchange membrane (1) are connected to form the positive electrode electrolyte outlet channel (112), and the end plate (8), the inlet / outlet plate (7), and the outlet hole (122) of the second sealing gasket frame (4) located on the right side of the ion exchange membrane (1) are connected to form the negative electrode electrolyte outlet channel (114).

4. The small flow battery single-cell assembly according to claim 3, characterized in that, A pagoda connector (10) is connected to the liquid inlet hole (121) of the end plate (8) and the liquid inlet / outlet plate (7), and a pagoda connector (10) is connected to the liquid outlet hole (122) of the end plate (8) and the liquid outlet hole (122) of the liquid inlet / outlet plate (7).

5. The small flow battery single-cell assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that, The ion exchange membrane (1), the first sealing gasket frame (2), the electrode frame (3), the second sealing gasket frame (4), the bipolar plate (5), the inlet / outlet liquid plate (7), and the end plate (8) are respectively provided with positioning through holes (13) for positioning and installing screws at their four corners. The small flow battery single cell assembly also includes screws for laminating and fixing the ion exchange membrane (1), the first sealing gasket frame (2), the electrode frame (3), the second sealing gasket frame (4), the bipolar plate (5), the inlet / outlet liquid plate (7), and the end plate (8).

6. The small flow battery single-cell assembly according to claim 3, characterized in that, A sealing ring is provided between the liquid inlet hole (121) of the liquid inlet plate (7) and the liquid inlet hole (121) of the bipolar plate (5), and / or, a sealing ring is provided between the liquid outlet hole (122) of the liquid inlet plate (7) and the liquid outlet hole (122) of the bipolar plate (5).

7. The small flow battery single-cell assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that, The electrode frame (3) is made of PP, PE or PVC; and / or the liquid inlet / outlet plate (7) is made of PP, PE or PVC; and / or the end plate (8) is made of aluminum alloy, stainless steel or carbon steel; and / or the first sealing gasket and the second sealing gasket are made of rubber or silicone, respectively.

8. The small flow battery single-cell assembly according to claim 7, characterized in that, The length and width of the ion exchange membrane (1), the first sealing gasket frame (2), the electrode frame (3), the second sealing gasket frame (4), the inlet / outlet liquid plate (7), and the end plate (8) are each 50-150 mm.

9. A small flow battery single cell, characterized in that, The small flow battery single cell includes the small flow battery single cell assembly according to any one of claims 1 to 8.

10. The small flow battery single cell according to claim 9, characterized in that, It also includes a positive electrolyte storage unit for storing positive electrolyte, a negative electrolyte storage unit for storing negative electrolyte, and a small electrolyte circulation system.

Images