A direct energy storage thermal management system

Abstract

The utility model relates to a direct energy storage heat management system belongs to energy storage battery heat management technical field, aims at solving the problem of high energy consumption, low heat exchange efficiency and complex system structure in the existing indirect cooling mode. The system adopts R410 coolant and directly contacts heat exchange with the battery, and the technical scheme comprises: the liquid cooling plate is closely attached to the battery surface, and the heat is dissipated efficiently through the vaporization heat absorption of coolant; R410 coolant storage tank stores liquid coolant and supplements the loop; the circulating pipeline connects the liquid cooling plate, compressor, condenser and throttle valve, forms the closed circulation loop, wherein the compressor compresses the vaporized coolant, the condenser liquefies and releases heat, and the throttle valve accurately adjusts the inlet pressure and temperature. The technical effect is remarkable: the latent heat of phase change is used to greatly improve the heat exchange efficiency; the single cycle design simplifies the structure, significantly reduces the system power consumption and maintenance cost; reduces the occupied space; realizes the fast response temperature control, and is suitable for the fast charging and discharging scene of energy storage battery.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of thermal management technology for energy storage batteries, and relates to a direct energy storage thermal management system. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of new power systems, the application scale of energy storage batteries is expanding daily. Batteries generate a large amount of heat during charging and discharging; if this heat cannot be dissipated effectively and in a timely manner, it will not only lead to decreased battery performance and shortened lifespan, but may also cause safety accidents. Therefore, building an efficient and reliable thermal management system is crucial to ensuring the safe operation of energy storage batteries.

[0003] Most existing energy storage thermal management systems employ indirect cooling, with a typical structure including a battery pack, heat exchange plate, cooling water circulation system, refrigerant circulation system, and chiller unit. This method achieves heat transfer through sensible heat exchange between water and the battery, but it typically suffers from the following problems:

[0004] High energy consumption: The dual-cycle system requires additional water pumps and refrigerant pumps, which increases the system's energy consumption.

[0005] Low heat exchange efficiency: Heat needs to be transferred through multiple stages, resulting in long paths, high thermal resistance, and low efficiency.

[0006] The system has a complex structure: it adds an intermediate heat exchanger and multiple loop pipelines, resulting in higher manufacturing and maintenance costs.

[0007] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a new type of direct thermal management system that can simplify the system structure, improve heat exchange efficiency, and reduce operating energy consumption. Utility Model Content

[0008] To overcome the shortcomings of existing indirect cooling methods, such as high energy consumption, low efficiency, and complex structure, this utility model provides a direct energy storage thermal management system. It uses R410 coolant to directly exchange heat with the battery, and efficiently removes battery heat through phase change vaporization heat absorption, thereby improving heat dissipation efficiency, simplifying system structure, and reducing energy consumption.

[0009] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution:

[0010] A direct energy storage thermal management system, comprising:

[0011] Liquid cooling plate, used to be in direct contact with the battery, and absorbs the heat generated by the battery through the vaporization of R410 coolant;

[0012] R410 coolant storage tank, used to store liquid R410 coolant;

[0013] The circulation pipeline includes an inlet pipeline and a return pipeline. One end of the inlet pipeline is connected to the outlet of the condenser and the other end is connected to the inlet of the liquid cooling plate. One end of the return pipeline is connected to the outlet of the liquid cooling plate and the other end is connected to the inlet of the compressor, so as to form a circulation loop for R410 coolant.

[0014] A compressor, located on the circulation pipeline, is used to compress the vaporized R410 coolant to a high-pressure, high-temperature state;

[0015] A condenser, installed on the circulation pipeline, is used to cool and liquefy the R410 coolant vapor;

[0016] A throttle valve, installed on the circulation pipeline, is used to regulate the pressure and temperature of the R410 coolant before it enters the liquid cooling plate.

[0017] As a preferred embodiment, the liquid cooling plate has a microchannel structure to increase the contact area between the R410 coolant and the battery surface.

[0018] As a preferred embodiment, the R410 coolant storage tank is connected to the circulation pipeline via a branch pipe for replenishing the circulation pipeline with liquid R410 coolant.

[0019] As a preferred embodiment, the condenser exchanges heat with the outside air or with an external water cooling system to achieve the liquefaction of the R410 coolant.

[0020] As a preferred embodiment, the compressor is a variable frequency compressor, used to adjust the output power according to load requirements.

[0021] As a preferred embodiment, the throttle valve is an electronic expansion valve, used to precisely regulate the flow rate and pressure of the R410 coolant.

[0022] As a preferred embodiment, the system also includes a control module, which is electrically connected to the compressor and the throttle valve, and is used to receive signals from the battery temperature sensor and perform corresponding control.

[0023] As a preferred embodiment, the control module is equipped with an over-temperature protection module, which is used to control the compressor and throttle valve to enter full-power mode and trigger an alarm when the battery temperature exceeds a preset threshold.

[0024] As a preferred embodiment, the liquid cooling plate is adapted to square batteries, cylindrical batteries, or pouch batteries to achieve direct heat exchange with batteries of different structures.

[0025] The beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows:

[0026] (1) The heat exchange efficiency is greatly improved by utilizing the latent heat of vaporization of R410 coolant.

[0027] (2) The single-cycle system eliminates the water pump and intermediate heat exchanger, thus reducing the system power consumption.

[0028] (3) The number of pipes and components is reduced, and the system space and maintenance costs are reduced.

[0029] (4) The direct vaporization heat absorption method can achieve rapid temperature control in 10 seconds, which is suitable for the rapid charging and discharging of batteries.

[0030] (5) The liquid cooling plate structure can be adapted to different shapes of battery cells.

[0031] Other advantages, objectives, and features of this invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be apparent to those skilled in the art from the following examination and study, or may be learned from practice of this invention. The objectives and other advantages of this invention can be realized and obtained through the following description. Attached Figure Description

[0032] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this utility model clearer, the preferred embodiments of this utility model will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein:

[0033] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the direct energy storage thermal management system of this utility model;

[0034] Figure 2 The pressure-enthalpy diagram of R410 coolant;

[0035] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the microchannel structure of a liquid cooling plate.

[0036] Figure reference numerals: 1. Liquid cooling plate; 2. R410 coolant storage tank; 3. Circulation pipeline; 4. Compressor; 5. Condenser; 6. Throttling valve; 7. Control module. Detailed Implementation

[0037] The following specific examples illustrate the implementation of this utility model. Those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of this utility model from the content disclosed in this specification. This utility model can also be implemented or applied through other different specific embodiments, and various details in this specification can also be modified or changed based on different viewpoints and applications without departing from the spirit of this utility model. It should be noted that the illustrations provided in the following embodiments are only schematic representations of the basic concept of this utility model. Unless otherwise specified, the following embodiments and features can be combined with each other.

[0038] The accompanying drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are schematic diagrams, not actual pictures. They should not be construed as limiting the present invention. To better illustrate the embodiments of the present invention, some parts in the drawings may be omitted, enlarged, or reduced, and do not represent the actual product dimensions. It is understandable to those skilled in the art that some well-known structures and their descriptions may be omitted in the drawings.

[0039] In the accompanying drawings of this utility model, the same or similar reference numerals correspond to the same or similar components. In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that if terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "front," and "rear" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, they are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, the terms used to describe positional relationships in the drawings are only for illustrative purposes and should not be construed as limiting this utility model. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0040] Example 1

[0041] like Figure 1 As shown, a direct energy storage thermal management system includes a liquid cooling plate 1, an R410 coolant storage tank 2, a circulation pipeline 3, a compressor 4, a condenser 5, a throttle valve 6, and a control module 7.

[0042] in:

[0043] The liquid cooling plate 1 is arranged on the surface of the battery pack or close to the outer wall of the cell to enable direct heat exchange between the R410 coolant and the battery.

[0044] R410 coolant storage tank 2 is located on the side of the system, stores liquid R410 coolant, and is connected to the circulation pipeline 3 through a branch pipe;

[0045] The circulation pipeline 3 consists of an inlet pipeline and a return pipeline. The inlet pipeline introduces the high-pressure liquid coolant from the outlet of the condenser 5 into the liquid cooling plate 1, and the return pipeline introduces the low-pressure steam from the outlet of the liquid cooling plate 1 into the compressor 4.

[0046] Compressor 4 and condenser 5 are sequentially arranged on the circulation pipeline to form a standard vapor compression refrigeration cycle;

[0047] The throttle valve 6 is located between the condenser 5 and the liquid cooling plate 1 to reduce the pressure and temperature of the coolant, so that it is in a low temperature and low pressure state when it enters the liquid cooling plate 1.

[0048] The control module 7 is electrically connected to the compressor 4 and the throttle valve 6, and can receive battery temperature signals to achieve dynamic regulation of the cycle.

[0049] Working principle: R410 coolant vaporizes and absorbs heat in the liquid cooling plate 1, carrying away the heat from the battery. It is then compressed into high-pressure steam by the compressor 4, condensed in the condenser 5 to release heat, and then depressurized and cooled by the throttling valve 6 before entering the liquid cooling plate 1, forming a closed loop.

[0050] Example 2

[0051] like Figure 2 As shown, the R410 coolant exhibits a typical pressure-enthalpy change process in the refrigeration cycle of this invention:

[0052] First state point: After condensation by the condenser, the R410 coolant is in a high-pressure liquid state (approximately 3.0 MPa, 35°C), corresponding to... Figure 2 The high-pressure liquid region on the pressure-enthalpy diagram;

[0053] Second state point: The coolant is throttled and depressurized through the throttle valve, becoming a low-pressure, low-temperature liquid (approximately 0.9 MPa, 10°C), located in the subcooled liquid region of the pressure-enthalpy diagram;

[0054] Third state point: The cryogenic coolant enters the liquid cooling plate, comes into direct contact with the battery surface, absorbs the heat generated by the battery, and vaporizes, corresponding to the phase change endothermic process. Figure 2 Horizontal evaporation line segment;

[0055] Fourth state point: After the coolant is completely vaporized, it becomes low-pressure saturated vapor (about 0.85MPa, 15℃), at which point it carries a large amount of absorbed battery heat.

[0056] Fifth state point: The coolant enters the compressor and is compressed into high-pressure, high-temperature steam (approximately 3.0 MPa, 80°C), corresponding to the isentropic compression process on the pressure-enthalpy diagram;

[0057] The coolant then enters the condenser, releases heat and liquefies, returning to state point ①, completing one cycle.

[0058] pass Figure 2 The pressure-enthalpy diagram can intuitively reflect the phase change endothermic process of R410 coolant in the liquid cooling plate, as well as the state changes in the compressor, condenser, and throttle valve, thus demonstrating that this invention can utilize the latent heat of phase change of the refrigerant to achieve efficient battery heat dissipation.

[0059] Example 3

[0060] Based on Example 1, the liquid cooling plate 1 adopts a microchannel structure, such as Figure 3 As shown, the interior of the liquid cooling plate consists of numerous crisscrossing microchannels, with a channel width of 0.2–0.5 mm and a depth of 0.5–1.0 mm. When the coolant flows within the microchannels, it forms a large-area contact with the metal wall, thus achieving efficient heat exchange.

[0061] Larger contact area results in higher coolant vaporization efficiency;

[0062] The channels are evenly distributed, ensuring a uniform temperature field distribution on the battery surface.

[0063] It has a compact structure and is compatible with square, cylindrical and pouch batteries.

[0064] Example 4

[0065] Based on Example 1, the R410 coolant storage tank 2 is connected to the circulation pipeline 3 via a branch pipe. The storage tank is equipped with a level sensor and a check valve. When the coolant in the circulation pipeline is insufficient, the storage tank automatically replenishes liquid coolant to ensure long-term stable operation of the system.

[0066] Application scenario: After the system has been running for a long period of time, there is a risk of leakage of a small amount of coolant. This design can avoid the decline in heat dissipation performance due to insufficient coolant.

[0067] Example 5

[0068] like Figure 1 As shown, the condenser 5 can be either a finned air cooler or a plate heat exchanger connected to an external water cooling system.

[0069] When the system is used in an outdoor energy storage power station, the air-cooled condenser can directly exchange heat with the ambient air and has a simple structure.

[0070] When the system is used in an indoor computer room, the water-cooled condenser can be connected to the central cooling water system for higher heat exchange efficiency.

[0071] Example 6

[0072] Based on Example 1, compressor 4 is selected as a variable frequency compressor. Control module 7 can adjust the compressor frequency in real time according to the amount of heat generated by the battery pack. For example, when the battery temperature rises rapidly, the compressor frequency increases from 40Hz to 60Hz, thereby increasing the circulation flow rate; when the battery is in standby or low load state, the compressor reduces the frequency to reduce energy consumption.

[0073] Example 7

[0074] Based on Example 1, the throttle valve 6 adopts an electronic expansion valve. Its opening degree is precisely adjusted by the control module 7 to ensure that the superheat at the outlet of the liquid cooling plate 1 is maintained at 5±0.5℃, avoiding liquid slugging and ensuring stable heat exchange efficiency.

[0075] Example 8

[0076] like Figure 1As shown, control module 7 is connected to compressor 4 and throttle valve 6, and also receives temperature sensor signals from the battery pack. Through algorithmic logic, the control module can achieve dynamic temperature control:

[0077] When the battery temperature is >35℃, increase the compressor power and the expansion valve opening.

[0078] When the battery temperature approaches the target temperature, the power is reduced, and the system enters energy-saving mode.

[0079] Example 9

[0080] Based on Example 8, control module 7 is equipped with an over-temperature protection module. When the battery temperature exceeds 50°C, the system switches to full-power operation mode and triggers an alarm signal to remind the user to check in time. This function can improve the safety of the system.

[0081] Example 10

[0082] like Figure 3 As shown, the liquid cooling plate 1 uses a modular design to adapt to batteries of different shapes:

[0083] Square battery: The surface of the liquid cooling plate is designed as a large flat area;

[0084] Cylindrical battery: The liquid cooling plate has an internal arc-shaped groove design;

[0085] Soft-pack battery: The liquid cooling plate adopts a flexible support structure to ensure a fit of ≥95% with the battery.

[0086] In this way, the system can be widely used in a variety of energy storage scenarios.

[0087] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of this utility model and are not intended to limit it. Although this utility model has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solution of this utility model without departing from the spirit and scope of this technical solution, and all such modifications or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the claims of this utility model.

Claims

1. A direct energy storage thermal management system, characterized in that: include: Liquid cooling plate, used to be in direct contact with the battery, and absorbs the heat generated by the battery through the vaporization of R410 coolant; R410 coolant storage tank, used to store liquid R410 coolant; The circulation pipeline includes an inlet pipeline and a return pipeline. One end of the inlet pipeline is connected to the outlet of the condenser and the other end is connected to the inlet of the liquid cooling plate. One end of the return pipeline is connected to the outlet of the liquid cooling plate and the other end is connected to the inlet of the compressor, so as to form a circulation loop for R410 coolant. A compressor, located on the circulation pipeline, is used to compress the vaporized R410 coolant to a high-pressure, high-temperature state; A condenser, installed on the circulation pipeline, is used to cool and liquefy the R410 coolant vapor; A throttle valve, installed on the circulation pipeline, is used to regulate the pressure and temperature of the R410 coolant before it enters the liquid cooling plate.

2. The direct energy storage thermal management system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The liquid cooling plate has a microchannel structure to increase the contact area between the R410 coolant and the battery surface.

3. The direct energy storage thermal management system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The R410 coolant storage tank is connected to the circulation pipeline via a branch pipe, and is used to replenish the circulation pipeline with liquid R410 coolant.

4. The direct energy storage thermal management system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The condenser exchanges heat with the outside air or with an external water cooling system to achieve the liquefaction of the R410 coolant.

5. The direct energy storage thermal management system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The compressor is a variable frequency compressor, used to adjust the output power according to load requirements.

6. The direct energy storage thermal management system according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The throttle valve is an electronic expansion valve used to regulate the flow rate and pressure of the R410 coolant.

7. The direct energy storage thermal management system according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: It also includes a control module, which is electrically connected to the compressor and the throttle valve, and is used to receive signals from the battery temperature sensor and perform corresponding control.

8. The direct energy storage thermal management system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The control module is equipped with an over-temperature protection module, which is used to control the compressor and throttle valve to enter full-power mode and trigger an alarm when the battery temperature exceeds a preset threshold.

9. The direct energy storage thermal management system according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The liquid cooling plate is compatible with square batteries, cylindrical batteries, or pouch batteries to achieve direct heat exchange with batteries of different structures.

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