Single battery and electric device

Abstract

The application discloses a single battery and an electric device, and belongs to the battery field. The single battery comprises a shell, a first cover, an electrode assembly and a current collection assembly. The shell has an accommodating cavity with an open end; the first cover is sealed to the opening; the electrode assembly and the current collection assembly are arranged in the accommodating cavity, the electrode assembly comprises a roll core body, a positive full tab and a negative full tab; the current collection assembly comprises a first positive current collection piece, a second positive current collection piece and a negative current collection piece, the negative current collection piece is connected with the negative full tab and the shell, the first positive current collection piece is connected with the positive full tab, the negative current collection piece is provided with a avoiding hole, the second positive current collection piece is sequentially arranged in the central hole of the electrode assembly and the avoiding hole, the second positive current collection piece comprises a first current collection section, a fuse protection section and a second current collection section which are sequentially connected, the first current collection section is connected with the first positive current collection piece, and the second current collection section is connected with the first cover. The single battery provided by the application improves the safety performance of the single battery.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of battery technology, and in particular to a single cell battery and an electrical device. Background Technology

[0002] In related technologies, the core of a small cylindrical lithium-ion battery typically adopts a full tab process and uses a current collector to collect current. The cap is sealed to one end of the steel shell. The positive full tab of the core is connected to the positive current collector, the current cut-off device and the cap in sequence to serve as the positive electrode of the battery. The negative full tab of the core is connected to the other end of the steel shell through the negative current collector to serve as the negative electrode of the battery.

[0003] A current cutoff device typically includes a first disc and a second disc connected to the outer periphery of the first disc. The first disc is connected to the positive current collector, and the second disc is connected to a cap. An annular weak point is provided on either the first or second disc as a fusible protection section. A pressure relief plate is provided on the inner periphery of the first disc. When the battery experiences internal pressure increases due to overheating, short circuit, or overcharging, the annular weak point melts to cut off the electrical connection between the first and second discs. Simultaneously, the pressure relief plate is forced open by the pressure to prevent further pressure increases that could lead to electrolyte leakage or explosion, thus ensuring battery safety. However, in this type of current cutoff device, the annular weak point can easily reconnect the first and second discs after cooling and solidifying, potentially affecting battery safety. Utility Model Content

[0004] In view of this, the purpose of this application is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a single cell to solve the technical problem that the annular weak part of the current cutting device of the prior art is easily reconnected to the first disk and the second disk after cooling and solidification, which affects the safety performance of the battery.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, this application provides:

[0006] A single-cell battery, comprising:

[0007] The housing has a receiving cavity open at one end;

[0008] A first cover, which seals the opening;

[0009] An electrode assembly, disposed within the receiving cavity, includes a connected core body, a positive full electrode tab, and a negative full electrode tab. The positive full electrode tab is located at the end of the core body away from the opening, and the negative full electrode tab is located at the end of the core body closer to the opening.

[0010] A current collector assembly, disposed within the receiving cavity, includes a first positive current collector, a second positive current collector, and a negative current collector. The negative current collector is connected to the side of the negative electrode tab away from the core body and to the inner circumferential wall of the housing. The first positive current collector is connected to the side of the positive electrode tab away from the core body. The negative current collector has a clearance hole. The second positive current collector is sequentially inserted through the center hole of the electrode assembly and the clearance hole. The second positive current collector includes a first current collector section, a fuse protection section, and a second current collector section connected in sequence. The first current collector section is connected to the first positive current collector, and the second current collector section is connected to the first cover.

[0011] In addition, the single cell according to this application may also have the following additional technical features:

[0012] In some embodiments of this application, the cross-sectional area of ​​the fuse protection section is smaller than the cross-sectional areas of the first current collector section and the second current collector section.

[0013] In some embodiments of this application, the first current collector section, the fuse protection section, and the second current collector section are integrally formed.

[0014] In some embodiments of this application, the second positive current collector has an annular groove to form the first current collector section, the fuse protection section, and the second current collector section.

[0015] In some embodiments of this application, the annular groove is located at the middle position of the second positive current collector along its length.

[0016] In some embodiments of this application, the single cell further includes a heat-resistant insulating protective component, which is sealed to the opening of the annular groove. The inner circumferential wall of one end of the heat-resistant insulating protective component is connected to the outer circumferential wall of the end of the first current collector section away from the first positive current collector, and the inner circumferential wall of the other end of the heat-resistant insulating protective component is connected to the outer circumferential wall of the end of the second current collector section away from the first cover.

[0017] In some embodiments of this application, the heat-resistant insulating protective component is integrally molded from ceramic material.

[0018] In some embodiments of this application, the first current collector section, the fuse protection section, and the second current collector section are connected separately.

[0019] In some embodiments of this application, one end of the fusible protection section is welded to the end of the first current collector section away from the first positive current collector, and the other end of the fusible protection section is welded to the end of the second current collector section away from the first cover.

[0020] In some embodiments of this application, the fuse protection section is located at the middle position of the second positive current collector along its length.

[0021] In some embodiments of this application, the single battery cell further includes a heat-resistant insulating protective component located on the outer periphery of the fuse protection section. A gap exists between the inner periphery wall of the heat-resistant insulating protective component and the outer periphery wall of the fuse protection section. The inner periphery wall of one end of the heat-resistant insulating protective component is connected to the outer periphery wall of the end of the first current collector section away from the first positive current collector. The inner periphery wall of the other end of the heat-resistant insulating protective component is connected to the outer periphery wall of the end of the second current collector section away from the first cover.

[0022] In some embodiments of this application, the heat-resistant insulating protective component is integrally molded from ceramic material.

[0023] In some embodiments of this application, the first current collector section, the fuse protection section, and the second current collector section are all cylindrical in shape.

[0024] In some embodiments of this application, the fusible link is cylindrical in shape, made of aluminum, has a diameter of D0 mm, a length of L0 mm, and a fusing current of I. f A, satisfies the relation: I f =831.72×L0 -0.595 ×π×(D0 / 2) 2 , 0.1mm≤D0≤0.5mm, 3mm≤L0≤30mm.

[0025] In some embodiments of this application, the shape of the fusible link is a semi-cylinder, an elliptical cylinder, or a prism, the material of the fusible link is aluminum, and the cross-sectional area of ​​the fusible link is 5 mm. 2 The length of the fuse protection section is L0mm, and the fusing current of the fuse protection section is I. f A, satisfies the relation: I f =831.72×L0 -0.595 ×S, 0.1mm 2 ≤S≤0.4mm 2 , 3mm≤L0≤30mm.

[0026] In some embodiments of this application, the single battery cell further includes a second cover, which seals the opening and is connected to the second positive current collector and the first cover, respectively. The second cover is provided with a pressure relief section for pressure relief.

[0027] In some embodiments of this application, an exhaust space is formed between the second cover and the first cover, and the first cover has an exhaust hole. The exhaust space is connected to the pressure relief part and the exhaust hole respectively.

[0028] In some embodiments of this application, the single battery cell further includes a sealing insulating member, the outer peripheral wall of which abuts against the inner peripheral wall of the housing, and the inner peripheral wall of which abuts against the outer peripheral walls of the first cover and the second cover, respectively.

[0029] Secondly, this application also provides an electrical device, including the single battery described in any of the above embodiments.

[0030] Compared to existing technologies, the beneficial effects of this application are:

[0031] This application proposes a single-cell battery in which the second positive current collector includes a first current collector section, a fusible protection section, and a second current collector section connected in sequence. The first and second current collector sections are respectively connected to the first positive current collector and a first cover, such that the flow path of the positive current is: positive electrode tab, first positive current collector, first current collector section, fusible protection section, second current collector section, and first cover. By placing the fusible protection section on the second positive current collector, which is located through the central hole of the electrode assembly, the cross-sectional area of ​​the fusible protection section and the contact area between the fusible protection section and the first and second current collector sections are effectively reduced. This facilitates complete disconnection of the first and second current collector sections after the fusible protection section melts, reducing the probability of the first and second current collector sections re-energizing after the fusible protection section cools and solidifies, thereby effectively improving the safety performance of the single-cell battery. Attached Figure Description

[0032] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of this application and should not be regarded as a limitation of the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0033] Figure 1 A perspective view of a single cell in some embodiments of this application is shown;

[0034] Figure 2 This application shows a perspective view of a single battery cell before sealing in some embodiments;

[0035] Figure 3 This application shows cross-sectional schematic diagrams of individual cells before sealing in some embodiments;

[0036] Figure 4A perspective view of the first positive current collector, the second positive current collector, and the heat-resistant insulating protective component in a single cell in some embodiments of this application is shown.

[0037] Figure 5 The diagram shows an exploded view of the first positive current collector, the second positive current collector, and the heat-resistant insulating protective component in a single cell in some embodiments of this application. Figure 1 ;

[0038] Figure 6 The diagram shows an exploded view of the first positive current collector, the second positive current collector, and the heat-resistant insulating protective component in a single cell in some embodiments of this application. Figure 2 ;

[0039] Figure 7 The diagram shows a cross-sectional view of the first positive current collector, the second positive current collector, and the heat-resistant insulating protective component in a single cell in some embodiments of this application.

[0040] Explanation of key component symbols:

[0041] 100-cell battery;

[0042] 110 - Shell; 111 - Receiving cavity; 112 - Opening;

[0043] 120 - First cover; 121 - Vent hole; 122 - Vent space;

[0044] 130 - Electrode assembly; 131 - Core body; 132 - Positive electrode tab; 133 - Negative electrode tab;

[0045] 140 - Current collector assembly; 141 - First positive current collector; 142 - Second positive current collector; 1421 - First current collector section; 1422 - Fuse protection section; 1423 - Second current collector section; 1424 - Annular groove; 143 - Negative current collector;

[0046] 150 - Heat-resistant insulating protective components;

[0047] 160 - Second cover; 161 - Pressure relief section;

[0048] 170 - Sealed insulation component. Detailed Implementation

[0049] The embodiments of this application are described in detail below. Examples of these embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain this application, and should not be construed as limiting this application.

[0050] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this application.

[0051] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this application, "multiple" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0052] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application according to the specific circumstances.

[0053] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can mean that the first feature is in direct contact with the second feature, or that the first feature is in indirect contact with the second feature through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "on top of," and "over" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0054] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, an embodiment of this application provides a single-cell battery 100, mainly used in electrical equipment. The single-cell battery 100 includes a housing 110, a first cover 120, an electrode assembly 130, and a current collector assembly 140.

[0055] The housing 110 has a receiving cavity 111 with an opening 112 at one end. A first cover 120 is sealed in the opening 112. An electrode assembly 130 is disposed in the receiving cavity 111 and includes a connected core body 131, a positive full electrode tab 132 and a negative full electrode tab 133. The positive full electrode tab 132 is located at the end of the core body 131 away from the opening 112, and the negative full electrode tab 133 is located at the end of the core body 131 close to the opening 112.

[0056] See also Figure 5 and Figure 6 The current collector assembly 140 is disposed in the receiving cavity 111 and includes a first positive current collector 141, a second positive current collector 142 and a negative current collector 143. The negative current collector 143 is connected to the side of the negative full electrode tab 133 away from the core body 131 and is connected to the inner circumferential wall of the housing 110. The first positive current collector 141 is connected to the side of the positive full electrode tab 132 away from the core body 131. The negative current collector 143 has a clearance hole. The second positive current collector 142 is sequentially inserted into the center hole and the clearance hole of the electrode assembly 130. The second positive current collector 142 includes a first current collector section 1421, a fuse protection section 1422 and a second current collector section 1423 connected in sequence. The first current collector section 1421 is connected to the first positive current collector 141 and the second current collector section 1423 is connected to the first cover 120.

[0057] The single-cell battery 100 provided in the embodiments of this application connects the negative electrode current collector 143 to the side of the negative electrode tab 133 away from the core body 131 and to the inner circumferential wall of the housing 110, so that the flow path of the negative electrode current is the negative electrode tab 133, the negative electrode current collector 143 and the end of the housing 110 near the opening 112, which effectively shortens the flow path of the negative electrode current on the housing 110, thereby reducing the internal resistance of the negative electrode. Meanwhile, by connecting the first positive current collector 141 to the side of the positive electrode tab 132 away from the core body 131, and sequentially passing the second positive current collector 142 connected to the first positive current collector 141 through the center hole and the clearance hole of the electrode assembly 130 and connecting it to the first cover 120, the flow path of the positive current is the positive electrode tab 132, the first positive current collector 141, the second positive current collector 142 and the first cover 120. Although this increases the flow path of the positive current, the conductivity of the first positive current collector 141 and the second positive current collector 142, which are made of aluminum, is much higher than that of the shell 110, which is made of steel. This makes the increased internal resistance of the positive electrode less than the decreased internal resistance of the negative electrode, effectively reducing the overall internal resistance of the negative electrode and the positive electrode, thereby reducing the heat generated by the single battery 100 during the charging and discharging process, which is beneficial for high-rate charging and discharging of the single battery 100.

[0058] The second positive current collector 142 includes a first current collector section 1421, a fuse protection section 1422, and a second current collector section 1423 connected in sequence. The first current collector section 1421 and the second current collector section 1423 are respectively connected to the first positive current collector 141 and the first cover 120, so that the flow path of the positive current is the positive current tab 132, the first positive current collector 141, the first current collector section 1421, the fuse protection section 1422, the second current collector section 1423, and the first cover 120. By setting the fusible protection section 1422 on the second positive current collector 142 that passes through the central hole of the electrode assembly 130, the cross-sectional area of ​​the fusible protection section 1422 and the contact area between the fusible protection section 1422 and the first current collector 1421 and the second current collector 1423 are effectively reduced. This facilitates the complete disconnection of the first current collector 1421 and the second current collector 1423 after the fusible protection section 1422 melts, reducing the probability of the first current collector 1421 and the second current collector 1423 being electrically reconnected after the fusible protection section 1422 cools and solidifies. This effectively improves the safety performance of the single cell 100.

[0059] It is understandable that the fuse protection section 1422 is set on the second positive current collector 142 that passes through the center hole of the electrode assembly 130, which can also simplify the structure of the second cover 160, reduce the manufacturing difficulty of the second cover 160, and thus help improve production efficiency.

[0060] For example, the single cell 100 can be a lithium-ion battery with a diameter of 32mm or less. The casing 110 can be made of steel. The positive electrode tab 132, the first positive electrode current collector 141, the second positive electrode current collector 142, and the first cover 120 can all be made of aluminum. The negative electrode tab 133 and the negative electrode current collector 143 can both be made of copper. The connection between the negative electrode current collector 143 and the negative electrode tab 133 and the inner circumferential wall of the casing 110 can all be laser welded. The connection between the first positive electrode current collector 141 and the positive electrode tab 132 can also be laser welded. The connection between the first current collector section 1421 and the first positive electrode current collector 141 can be laser welded or integrally formed. The connection between the second current collector section 1423 and the first cover 120 can also be laser welded. The connection between the first current collector section 1421, the fuse protection section 1422, and the second current collector section 1423 can be integrally formed or laser welded.

[0061] like Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, in one embodiment of this application, the cross-sectional area of ​​the fuse protection section 1422 is smaller than the cross-sectional area of ​​the first current collection section 1421 and the second current collection section 1423.

[0062] In this embodiment, by setting the cross-sectional area of ​​the fuse protection section 1422 to be smaller than that of the first current collector section 1421 and the second current collector section 1423, the overcurrent capacity of the fuse protection section 1422 is less than that of the first current collector section 1421 and the second current collector section 1423. In this way, when an internal or external short circuit occurs in the single cell 100, causing the current flowing through the fuse protection section 1422 to far exceed the rated current of the single cell 100, the fuse protection section 1422 can be melted to completely cut off the electrical conduction between the first current collector section 1421 and the second current collector section 1423, thereby ensuring the safety performance of the single cell 100.

[0063] For example, the cross-sectional areas of the first collector section 1421 and the second collector section 1423 may be equal or unequal.

[0064] like Figure 5 As shown, in the above embodiments of this application, the first current collection section 1421, the fuse protection section 1422, and the second current collection section 1423 are integrally formed.

[0065] In this embodiment, the first current collector 1421, the fusible link 1422, and the second current collector 1423 are integrally formed. This eliminates the need for laser welding of the fusible link 1422 to the first current collector 1421 and the second current collector 1423, effectively improving production efficiency. Furthermore, it enhances the structural stability and reliability of the connection between the fusible link 1422 and the first current collector 1421 and the second current collector 1423, thereby ensuring the stability and reliability of the electrical connection between the fusible link 1422 and the first current collector 1421 and the second current collector 1423.

[0066] For example, the first current collector section 1421, the fuse protection section 1422, and the second current collector section 1423 can be manufactured by machining or 3D printing in one piece.

[0067] like Figure 5 As shown in the above embodiments of this application, the second positive current collector 142 has an annular groove 1424 to form a first current collector section 1421, a fuse protection section 1422, and a second current collector section 1423.

[0068] In this embodiment, by forming an annular groove 1424 on the second positive current collector 142, the second positive current collector 142 forms a fuse protection section 1422 with a cross-sectional area smaller than that of the first current collector section 1421 and the second current collector section 1423, thereby achieving the overcurrent protection function. For example, the annular groove 1424 can be formed by machining or 3D printing.

[0069] For example, such as Figure 5As shown, in the above embodiments of this application, the annular groove 1424 is located at the middle position of the second positive current collector 142 along its length direction, so that the fuse protection section 1422 is located at the middle position of the second positive current collector 142 along its length direction.

[0070] In other embodiments, the annular groove 1424 may also be located at any other position between the two ends of the second positive current collector 142 along its length.

[0071] like Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown in the above embodiments of this application, the single cell 100 further includes a heat-resistant insulating protective component 150. The heat-resistant insulating protective component 150 is sealed in the groove of the annular groove 1424. The inner circumferential wall of one end of the heat-resistant insulating protective component 150 is connected to the outer circumferential wall of the end of the first current collector 1421 away from the first positive current collector 141. The inner circumferential wall of the other end of the heat-resistant insulating protective component 150 is connected to the outer circumferential wall of the end of the second current collector 1423 away from the first cover 120.

[0072] In this embodiment, a heat-resistant insulating protective component 150 is provided to seal the opening of the annular groove 1424. The inner circumferential wall of one end of the heat-resistant insulating protective component 150 is connected to the outer circumferential wall of the end of the first current collector section 1421 away from the first positive current collector 141, and the inner circumferential wall of the other end of the heat-resistant insulating protective component 150 is connected to the outer circumferential wall of the end of the second current collector section 1423 away from the first cover 120. This allows the heat-resistant insulating protective component 150 to reliably seal the opening of the annular groove 1424, thereby preventing the melted fuse protection section 1422 from detaching from the annular groove 1424 after melting and contacting other components of the single cell 100, thus preventing a secondary short circuit and further ensuring the safety performance of the single cell 100.

[0073] Understandably, the insulation of the heat-resistant insulating protective component 150 can prevent the second positive current collector 142 from being electrically connected to the heat-resistant insulating protective component 150, thus preventing a short circuit. The heat resistance of the heat-resistant insulating protective component 150 can also prevent the heat-resistant insulating protective component 150 from being melted by high temperature, thereby ensuring the insulation and protection functions of the heat-resistant insulating protective component 150.

[0074] For example, the connection between the heat-resistant insulating protective component 150 and the first current collector 1421 and the second current collector 1423 can be either an interference fit or a snap-fit. The heat-resistant insulating protective component 150 can be integrally molded from ceramic material.

[0075] like Figure 6As shown, in the above embodiments of this application, the first current collector 1421, the fusible protection section 1422, and the second current collector 1423 are connected separately. The separate connection can be achieved by laser welding, so that the fusible protection section 1422 is electrically connected to the first current collector 1421 and the second current collector 1423 respectively.

[0076] Specifically, one end of the fusible protection section 1422 is welded to the end of the first current collector section 1421 away from the first positive current collector 141, and the other end of the fusible protection section 1422 is welded to the end of the second current collector section 1423 away from the first cover 120.

[0077] For example, such as Figure 6 As shown, in the above embodiments of this application, the fuse protection section 1422 is located at the middle position of the second positive current collector 142 along its length direction.

[0078] In other embodiments, the fuse protection section 1422 may be located at any other position between the two ends of the second positive current collector 142 along its length.

[0079] like Figure 4 , Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown in the above embodiments of this application, the single cell 100 further includes a heat-resistant insulating protective component 150. The heat-resistant insulating protective component 150 is located on the outer periphery of the fuse protection section 1422. There is a gap between the inner periphery wall of the heat-resistant insulating protective component 150 and the outer periphery wall of the fuse protection section 1422. The inner periphery wall of one end of the heat-resistant insulating protective component 150 is connected to the outer periphery wall of the end of the first current collector section 1421 away from the first positive current collector 141. The inner periphery wall of the other end of the heat-resistant insulating protective component 150 is connected to the outer periphery wall of the end of the second current collector section 1423 away from the first cover 120.

[0080] In this embodiment, a heat-resistant insulating protective member 150 is provided on the outer periphery of the fusible protection section 1422. A gap exists between the inner circumferential wall of the heat-resistant insulating protective member 150 and the outer circumferential wall of the fusible protection section 1422 to form a receiving space for accommodating the melted fusible protection section 1422. By connecting the inner circumferential wall of one end of the heat-resistant insulating protective member 150 to the outer circumferential wall of the end of the first current collector section 1421 away from the first positive current collector 141, and connecting the inner circumferential wall of the other end of the heat-resistant insulating protective member 150 to the outer circumferential wall of the end of the second current collector section 1423 away from the first cover 120, the heat-resistant insulating protective member 150 is stably and reliably maintained on the outer periphery of the fusible protection section 1422. This prevents the melted fusible protection section 1422 from detaching from the receiving space and contacting other components of the single cell 100, thus avoiding a secondary short circuit and further ensuring the safety performance of the single cell 100.

[0081] Understandably, the insulation of the heat-resistant insulating protective component 150 can prevent the second positive current collector 142 from being electrically connected to the heat-resistant insulating protective component 150, thus preventing a short circuit. The heat resistance of the heat-resistant insulating protective component 150 can also prevent the heat-resistant insulating protective component 150 from being melted by high temperature, thereby ensuring the insulation and protection functions of the heat-resistant insulating protective component 150.

[0082] For example, the connection between the heat-resistant insulating protective component 150 and the first current collector 1421 and the second current collector 1423 can be either an interference fit or a snap-fit. The heat-resistant insulating protective component 150 can be integrally molded from ceramic material.

[0083] like Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, in the above embodiments of this application, the first current collector 1421, the fuse protection section 1422, and the second current collector 1423 are all cylindrical in shape to fit the central hole of the electrode assembly 130. For example, the first current collector 1421, the fuse protection section 1422, and the second current collector 1423 can all be cylindrical, semi-cylindrical, elliptical, or prismatic.

[0084] like Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, in the above embodiments of this application, the shape of the fusible protection section 1422 is cylindrical, the material of the fusible protection section 1422 is aluminum, the diameter of the fusible protection section 1422 is D0mm, the length of the fusible protection section 1422 is L0mm, and the fusing current of the fusible protection section 1422 is I. f A, satisfies the relation: I f =831.72×L0 -0.595 ×π×(D0 / 2) 2 , 0.1mm≤D0≤0.5mm, 3mm≤L0≤30mm.

[0085] In this embodiment, the fuse protection section 1422 is a cylinder made of aluminum. By controlling the diameter of the fuse protection section 1422 between 0.1mm and 0.5mm and the length of the fuse protection section 1422 between 3mm and 30mm, the fusing current of the fuse protection section 1422 is controlled between 0.9A and 84.9A to adapt to single cells 100 with different rated currents. The diameter and length of the fuse protection section 1422 can be designed according to the actual rated current of the single cell 100, so that the fusing current of the fuse protection section 1422 is much greater than the actual rated current of the single cell 100.

[0086] In the above embodiments of this application, the shape of the fusible protection section 1422 is a semi-cylinder, an elliptical cylinder, or a prism, the material of the fusible protection section 1422 is aluminum, and the cross-sectional area of ​​the fusible protection section 1422 is 5 mm. 2 The length of the fuse protection section 1422 is L0mm, and the fusing current of the fuse protection section 1422 is I. f A, satisfies the relation: I f =831.72×L0 -0.595 ×S, 0.1mm 2 ≤S≤0.4mm 2 , 3mm≤L0≤30mm.

[0087] In this embodiment, the fusible link 1422 is a semi-cylinder, elliptical cylinder, or prism made of aluminum, and the cross-sectional area of ​​the fusible link 1422 is controlled to be 0.1 mm. 2 up to 0.4mm 2 The length of the fuse protection section 1422 is controlled between 3mm and 30mm, so that the fusing current of the fuse protection section 1422 is controlled between 11A and 173A to adapt to single cells 100 with different rated currents. The cross-sectional area and length of the fuse protection section 1422 can be designed according to the actual rated current of the single cell 100, so that the fusing current of the fuse protection section 1422 is much greater than the actual rated current of the single cell 100.

[0088] like Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, in any of the above embodiments of this application, the single cell 100 further includes a second cover 160, which covers the opening 112 and is connected to the second positive current collector 142 and the first cover 120 respectively. The second cover 160 is provided with a pressure relief part 161 for pressure relief.

[0089] In this embodiment, a second cover 160 is provided, which seals the opening 112 and is connected to both the second positive current collector 142 and the first cover 120. This allows the second positive current collector 142 to be electrically connected to the first cover 120 through the second cover 160, thereby drawing out the positive current. Simultaneously, a pressure relief section 161 is provided on the second cover 160 for pressure relief. When the internal pressure of the single battery 100 increases due to overheating, short circuit, or overcharging, the pressure relief section 161 can be forced open by the pressure to prevent further pressure increases that could lead to electrolyte leakage or explosion, thus ensuring the safety performance of the single battery 100.

[0090] For example, the material of the second cover 160 can be aluminum, and the connection between the second cover 160 and the second positive current collector 142 and the first cover 120 can be laser welding. The pressure relief part 161 can be a pressure relief plate or an explosion-proof valve.

[0091] like Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown in the above embodiment of this application, an exhaust space 122 is formed between the second cover 160 and the first cover 120, and the first cover 120 is provided with an exhaust hole 121. The exhaust space 122 is connected to the pressure relief part 161 and the exhaust hole 121 respectively.

[0092] In this embodiment, an exhaust space 122 is formed between the second cover 160 and the first cover 120. By opening an exhaust hole 121 on the first cover 120, the exhaust space 122 is connected to the pressure relief part 161 and the exhaust hole 121 respectively, thereby forming an exhaust channel. This allows the emissions from the pressure relief part 161 to be quickly discharged to the outside of the single battery 100 through the exhaust channel, effectively improving the safety performance of the single battery 100.

[0093] like Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown in the above embodiments of this application, the single cell 100 further includes a sealing and insulating member 170. The outer peripheral wall of the sealing and insulating member 170 abuts against the inner peripheral wall of the housing 110, and the inner peripheral wall of the sealing and insulating member 170 abuts against the outer peripheral walls of the first cover 120 and the second cover 160, respectively.

[0094] In this embodiment, by providing sealing and insulating members 170 that abut against the inner circumferential wall of the housing 110 and the outer circumferential walls of the first cover 120 and the second cover 160 respectively, the gap between the inner circumferential wall of the housing 110 and the outer circumferential walls of the first cover 120 and the second cover 160 can be sealed by the sealing and insulating members 170, preventing dust or water from entering the single battery 100 and preventing the electrolyte inside the single battery 100 from leaking through the gap between the housing 110 and the first cover 120 and the second cover 160. On the other hand, the sealing and insulating members 170 can also isolate the electrical gap between the housing 110 and the first cover 120 and the second cover 160 by the insulating effect of the sealing and insulating members 170, preventing the positive and negative electrodes from contacting each other and causing a short circuit.

[0095] For example, the sealing insulation element 170 may be made of rubber or silicone.

[0096] This application also provides an electrical device, including the single battery 100 in the above embodiments.

[0097] The electrical device has the single battery 100 in any of the above embodiments, and therefore has all the beneficial effects of the single battery 100, which will not be described in detail here.

[0098] For example, electrical equipment can be vehicles, drones, robots, lawnmowers, etc.

[0099] In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., refer to specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in connection with that embodiment or example, which are included in at least one embodiment or example of this application. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. Moreover, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and integrate the different embodiments or examples described in this specification, as well as the features of different embodiments or examples.

[0100] Although embodiments of this application have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting this application. Those skilled in the art can make changes, modifications, substitutions and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of this application.

Claims

1. A single-cell battery, characterized in that, include: The housing (110) has a receiving cavity (111) with an opening (112) at one end. A first cover (120) is sealed to the opening (112); An electrode assembly (130) is disposed within the receiving cavity (111) and includes a connected core body (131), a positive electrode tab (132), and a negative electrode tab (133). The positive electrode tab (132) is located at the end of the core body (131) away from the opening (112), and the negative electrode tab (133) is located at the end of the core body (131) close to the opening (112). A current collector assembly (140), disposed within the receiving cavity (111), includes a first positive current collector (141), a second positive current collector (142), and a negative current collector (143). The negative current collector (143) is connected to the side of the negative electrode tab (133) away from the core body (131) and is connected to the inner circumferential wall of the housing (110). The first positive current collector (141) is connected to the side of the positive electrode tab (132) away from the core body (131). The negative current collector (143) is provided with a clearance hole. The second positive current collector (142) is sequentially inserted into the center hole of the electrode assembly (130) and the clearance hole. The second positive current collector (142) includes a first current collector section (1421), a fuse protection section (1422), and a second current collector section (1423) connected in sequence. The first current collector section (1421) is connected to the first positive current collector (141), and the second current collector section (1423) is connected to the first cover (120).

2. The single-cell battery according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cross-sectional area of ​​the fuse protection section (1422) is smaller than the cross-sectional areas of the first current collection section (1421) and the second current collection section (1423).

3. The single-cell battery according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first current collection section (1421), the fuse protection section (1422), and the second current collection section (1423) are integrally formed.

4. The single-cell battery according to claim 3, characterized in that, The second positive current collector (142) has an annular groove (1424) to form the first current collector section (1421), the fuse protection section (1422) and the second current collector section (1423).

5. The single-cell battery according to claim 4, characterized in that, The annular groove (1424) is located at the middle position of the second positive current collector (142) along its length direction.

6. The single-cell battery according to claim 4, characterized in that, The single cell (100) also includes a heat-resistant insulating protective component (150), which is sealed to the opening of the annular groove (1424). The inner circumferential wall of one end of the heat-resistant insulating protective component (150) is connected to the outer circumferential wall of the end of the first current collector (1421) away from the first positive current collector (141), and the inner circumferential wall of the other end of the heat-resistant insulating protective component (150) is connected to the outer circumferential wall of the end of the second current collector (1423) away from the first cover (120).

7. The single-cell battery according to claim 6, characterized in that, The heat-resistant insulating protective component (150) is made of ceramic material in one piece.

8. The single-cell battery according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first current collection section (1421), the fuse protection section (1422), and the second current collection section (1423) are connected separately.

9. The single-cell battery according to claim 8, characterized in that, One end of the fusible protection section (1422) is welded to the end of the first current collector section (1421) away from the first positive current collector (141), and the other end of the fusible protection section (1422) is welded to the end of the second current collector section (1423) away from the first cover (120).

10. The single-cell battery according to claim 9, characterized in that, The fuse protection section (1422) is located at the middle position of the second positive current collector (142) along its length direction.

11. The single-cell battery according to claim 9, characterized in that, The single cell (100) also includes a heat-resistant insulating protective component (150), which is located on the outer periphery of the fuse protection section (1422). There is a gap between the inner periphery wall of the heat-resistant insulating protective component (150) and the outer periphery wall of the fuse protection section (1422). The inner periphery wall of one end of the heat-resistant insulating protective component (150) is connected to the outer periphery wall of the end of the first current collector section (1421) away from the first positive current collector (141). The inner periphery wall of the other end of the heat-resistant insulating protective component (150) is connected to the outer periphery wall of the end of the second current collector section (1423) away from the first cover (120).

12. The single-cell battery according to claim 11, characterized in that, The heat-resistant insulating protective component (150) is made of ceramic material in one piece.

13. The single-cell battery according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first current collection section (1421), the fuse protection section (1422), and the second current collection section (1423) are all cylindrical in shape.

14. The single-cell battery according to claim 13, characterized in that, The fusible protection section (1422) is cylindrical in shape, made of aluminum, with a diameter of D0mm and a length of L0mm. The fusing current of the fusible protection section (1422) is IfA, satisfying the following formula: If = 831.72×L0-0.595×π×(D0 / 2)2, 0.1mm≤D0≤0.5mm, 3mm≤L0≤30mm.

15. The single-cell battery according to claim 13, characterized in that, The shape of the fusible protection section (1422) is a semi-cylinder, elliptical cylinder or prism. The material of the fusible protection section (1422) is aluminum. The cross-sectional area of ​​the fusible protection section (1422) is S mm2. The length of the fusible protection section (1422) is L0 mm. The fusing current of the fusible protection section (1422) is If A, which satisfies the following relationship: If = 831.72 × L0 - 0.595 × S, 0.1 mm2 ≤ S ≤ 0.4 mm2, 3 mm ≤ L0 ≤ 30 mm.

16. The single-cell battery according to any one of claims 1 to 15, characterized in that, The single cell (100) also includes a second cover (160), which covers the opening (112) and is connected to the second positive current collector (142) and the first cover (120) respectively. The second cover (160) is provided with a pressure relief part (161) for pressure relief.

17. The single-cell battery according to claim 16, characterized in that, An exhaust space (122) is formed between the second cover (160) and the first cover (120). The first cover (120) has an exhaust hole (121). The exhaust space (122) is connected to the pressure relief part (161) and the exhaust hole (121) respectively.

18. The single-cell battery according to claim 16, characterized in that, The single cell (100) also includes a sealing insulation member (170), the outer peripheral wall of the sealing insulation member (170) abuts against the inner peripheral wall of the housing (110), and the inner peripheral wall of the sealing insulation member (170) abuts against the outer peripheral walls of the first cover (120) and the second cover (160) respectively.

19. An electrical appliance, characterized in that, Includes the single cell (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 18.

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