A kind of suitable for on-grid and off-grid photovoltaic storage firewood power supply system

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of suitable for parallel and off-grid light storage firewood power supply system, belong to new energy microgrid technical field.The system working module is installed in control cabinet by sliding locking device.Control cabinet inner part is electrical room and battery room, electrical room is sequentially provided with firewood generator input (AC / DC) module, photovoltaic MPPT (DC / DC) module, PCS energy storage converter etc from top to bottom, and battery room is provided with energy storage power supply and high-voltage box;Control cabinet is configured air conditioner and ventilation grille to realize heat dissipation, top is equipped with fire controller, cabinet door is equipped with aerosol device to constitute fire-fighting system;Sliding locking device is realized the convenient installation and stable locking of module by sliding block, slide and locking structure.This system can realize parallel and off-grid seamless switching and power supply- energy storage-firewood generator three-level energy relay, with high integration, reliable fire-fighting and maintenance convenient etc. Characteristics, significantly improve power supply continuity and reliability, suitable for island, oilfield etc.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the technical field of new energy microgrid technology, and in particular to a photovoltaic-storage-diesel power supply system suitable for both on-grid and off-grid applications. Background Technology

[0002] As the global energy structure transitions towards low-carbon energy, new energy microgrid technology plays a crucial role in power supply in remote areas, off-grid industrial scenarios, and emergency power supply. Among these, the photovoltaic-storage-diesel (PV-ESD) combined power supply system has become an important solution for addressing power supply issues in complex scenarios due to its ability to integrate the advantages of renewable and traditional energy sources. However, existing PV-ESD power supply systems still have many technical pain points in practical applications, making it difficult to meet the requirements of high reliability, high efficiency, and strong adaptability. Specifically: First, there is a risk of power outages during grid-connected / off-grid switching: Traditional systems often rely on a single path for grid-connected / off-grid switching (such as switching only between mains power and energy storage, or between mains power and diesel generator). When the mains power suddenly fails, or the diesel generator cannot start after the energy storage is depleted, it will cause a power outage to the load. For scenarios with extremely high requirements for power continuity, such as medical equipment and communication base stations, such power outages may cause serious losses. Second, the power extraction method is inefficient and costly: The control power of traditional systems is mostly drawn from the AC side or UPS (uninterruptible power supply), which requires multiple AC / DC and DC / AC conversions, resulting in significant energy loss. In addition, the UPS equipment itself increases system costs and maintenance burden. Third, the fire early warning mechanism is simplistic and lacks sufficient response capability: existing systems rely heavily on single sensors for fire early warning, and the alarm levels are not granular enough to differentiate the severity of the fire. Furthermore, the lack of a closed-loop feedback mechanism for early warning signals makes it difficult for fire controllers to confirm whether the warnings have been effectively processed, increasing the risk of fire spread. Some systems are not equipped with automatic fire extinguishing devices, delaying optimal fire suppression and potentially causing widespread equipment damage. Fourth, traditional core modules often use fixed installation methods, such as directly fixing them to the cabinet with bolts. When a module malfunctions and needs replacement, the operation is cumbersome and time-consuming, making it difficult to adapt to the flexible needs of different scenarios.

[0003] Therefore, a new solution is urgently needed. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this utility model is to solve the problems in the existing technology and propose a power supply system suitable for both on-grid and off-grid photovoltaic storage diesel power supply.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model adopts the following technical solution: a power supply system suitable for grid-connected and off-grid photovoltaic-storage-diesel power supply, comprising a control cabinet, several working modules with different functions, and a sliding locking device, characterized in that the control cabinet has an electrical compartment and a battery compartment on the left and right sides respectively, and the working modules are installed inside the electrical compartment and the battery compartment through the sliding locking device; the working modules in the electrical compartment, from top to bottom, consist of two sets of diesel generator input AC / DC modules, two sets of photovoltaic MPPT DC / DC modules and DC-DC modules, a PCS energy storage converter, an HMI human-machine interface, a miniature circuit breaker and sockets, and a surge protector and meter; the working modules inside the battery compartment, from top to bottom, consist of several sets of energy storage power supplies and a high-voltage box installed in the lower left corner.

[0006] Preferably, the front of the control cabinet has two cabinet doors that are symmetrically hinged to each other. One cabinet door is equipped with a ventilation grille, and the other cabinet door has an air conditioner inside.

[0007] Preferably, a fire controller is installed on the top of the control cabinet, and an aerosol device is installed inside one of the cabinet doors.

[0008] Preferably, the sliding locking device includes a slider and a slide rail, with the two sliders symmetrically fixed at the left and right ends of each working module.

[0009] Preferably, the slide rails are arranged in pairs and symmetrically at the left and right ends of the control cabinet. The slider is inserted into the slide rail to form a sliding structure between the working module and the control cabinet.

[0010] Preferably, a pressing rod is rotatably connected to the outside of one slider of the working module. The pressing rod is located inside the slide rail and a locking block is provided vertically at one end.

[0011] Preferably, one of the sets of slides has a locking groove inside, and a locking block matches the locking groove.

[0012] Preferably, the locking groove has a groove above the slide rail that matches the locking block, and the groove leads to the outside of the control cabinet.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, this utility model provides a power supply system suitable for both on-grid and off-grid photovoltaic-storage-diesel systems, which has the following beneficial effects.

[0014] 1. Compared with traditional photovoltaic and energy storage equipment, this utility model enables communication and interaction between various working modules through direct coupling via a common DC bus, resulting in higher system efficiency; and it is equipped with multiple energy storage power supplies for backup, realizing multi-level energy relay and improving the overall operational reliability of the system.

[0015] 2. Compared with previous designs that draw power from AC meters or UPS, the power draw design of this utility model saves costs, increases usable space, improves the overall environmental applicability of the product, improves energy utilization, has strong anti-interference ability, greatly improves system reliability, and reduces operating costs. Compared with traditional solutions, it has made significant improvements in efficiency and energy consumption optimization, power reliability and operating costs.

[0016] 3. Compared with the traditional solution's single early warning, insufficient alarm level detail, and lack of feedback mechanism, this utility model adopts a multi-level logic early warning system with dual standard triggering by smoke and temperature sensors, reducing false alarms and equipment damage. It distinguishes multiple alarm levels according to different fire conditions, and each alarm signal is fed back to the fire controller to ensure that the fire status is monitored and improve the overall reliability of the system.

[0017] 4. This utility model adopts a modular integrated design and is integrated into the cabinet, which realizes the high integration of the product, saves costs and space, reduces the impact of external environmental interference (such as humidity and dust) on the equipment, and realizes real-time coordination of various subsystems through a unified scheduling and management module, reducing communication delays and failure rates caused by separate deployment. It is suitable for microgrid application scenarios such as islands and oil fields.

[0018] 5. The sliding locking device enables quick installation and removal of modules through the cooperation of the slider and the track. The mechanical cooperation between the locking block and the locking groove ensures that the module is stable and does not shift during operation. During maintenance, a single person can complete the module replacement, which greatly improves maintenance efficiency.

[0019] Other advantages, objectives and features of this invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows; and in part will be apparent to those skilled in the art upon examination of the following description; or may be taught from practice of this invention. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is the front view of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 2 This is a front view of the cabinet with the door of this utility model open.

[0022] Figure 3 This is a system topology diagram of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 4 This is the logic diagram of the fire controller of this utility model.

[0024] Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the sliding locking device.

[0025] Figure 6 for Figure 2Enlarged view of point A in the middle.

[0026] Figure 7 for Figure 6 BB section view.

[0027] In the diagram: 1. Control cabinet; 101. Hinge; 102. Cabinet door; 103. Ventilation grille; 104. Air conditioner; 2. Working module; 201. Diesel generator input AC / DC module; 202. Photovoltaic MPPT DC / DC module; 203, PCS energy storage converter; 204, HMI (Human Machine Interface); 205, Miniature circuit breaker and socket; 206, Surge protector and meter; 207, Energy storage power supply; 208, High voltage box; 209, Fire controller; 210, Aerosol device; 3, Sliding locking device; 301, Slider; 302, Slide rail; 303, Press rod; 304, Locking block; 305, Locking groove; 306, Slide groove; QF1, Configure grid access circuit breaker; QF2, Configure diesel generator input module circuit breaker; QF3, Configure photovoltaic MPPT module access circuit breaker; QF4, Configure photovoltaic MPPT module access circuit breaker; QF5, Configure charging access circuit breaker; MPPT, Photovoltaic MPPT module; AC / DC, AC / DC module; PCS, PCS energy storage converter; BES, Configure energy storage power supply system. Detailed Implementation

[0028] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments.

[0029] Reference Figure 1-7 A power supply system for grid-connected and off-grid photovoltaic-storage-diesel systems includes a control cabinet 1, several working modules 2 with different functions, and a sliding locking device 3. The working modules 2 are installed inside the control cabinet 1 through the sliding locking device 3.

[0030] The control cabinet 1 has two cabinet doors 102 that are symmetrically hinged to the front of the cabinet via hinges 101. The interior has an electrical compartment and a battery compartment on the left and right sides respectively. Both the electrical compartment and the battery compartment are equipped with working modules 2.

[0031] One cabinet door 102 is equipped with a ventilation grille 103, and the other cabinet door 102 has an air conditioner 104 inside, with status indicators on the outside. When the working module 2 is powered on, it generates a large amount of heat. The air conditioner 104 and ventilation grille 103 manage the temperature and provide ventilation to ensure that the working module 2 operates normally at a suitable temperature, while preventing fire caused by overheating. The status indicators include a power indicator showing the power status, a running indicator showing the running status, a fault indicator to alert of a fault, and an emergency stop button for emergency stopping. Figure 1As shown.

[0032] The electrical room's internal working module 2, from top to bottom, consists of two sets of diesel generator input AC / DC modules 201, two sets of photovoltaic MPPT DC / DC modules 202, a PCS energy storage converter 203, an HMI (human-machine interface) 204, a miniature circuit breaker and socket 205, and a surge protector and meter 206. The diesel generator input AC / DC modules connect to the external diesel generator to meet the voltage and current requirements of the diesel generator equipment. The photovoltaic MPPT DC / DC modules connect to the external photovoltaic equipment and meet its requirements. The PCS energy storage converter 203 meets the power requirements of the system and load. The HMI 204 is used for human-machine information exchange and displays data such as the proportion of each energy source and the load power in real time. The socket can be temporarily used to power external equipment, such as powering a maintenance computer during maintenance. The miniature circuit breaker is used to protect the socket from power draw. The surge protector protects the working module 2 from power surges caused by lightning or other instantaneous overvoltages. The meter 206 is used to display electricity consumption information. Some equipment in this utility model is not shown, such as the external diesel generator and external photovoltaic equipment.

[0033] The working module 2 inside the battery room consists of several sets of energy storage power supplies 207 and a high-voltage box 208 installed in the lower left corner, from top to bottom. The photovoltaic MPPT module is connected to the photovoltaic equipment, and the generated electricity is stored in the energy storage power supply 207. The BES configuration energy storage power supply system meets the requirements for storing photovoltaic energy (the specific BES configuration energy storage power supply system is not shown).

[0034] This invention incorporates an STS (Self-Switching Transmission System) for grid connection and off-grid operation, with multiple energy storage power sources 207 for backup power. The STS system enables seamless switching between three energy levels: mains power → energy storage → diesel generator. In the event of a mains power outage, the energy storage power source 207 prioritizes taking over the load. Once the energy storage is depleted, the diesel generator input module automatically starts, ensuring zero power outage time and completely eliminating the power outage risk associated with traditional single-switching modes. This significantly improves system power supply continuity and enables multi-level energy relay. Furthermore, this invention employs direct DC bus power supply technology (not specifically shown in this embodiment). The control power supply uses a high-voltage box 208 to control the energy storage power source 207, drawing voltage from the system's DC bus to 24V via a DC / DC converter, eliminating the AC / DC conversion stage. Compared to conventional AC power supply, this improves overall efficiency. The DC bus power supply provides a wide input voltage range, adapts to bus voltage fluctuations, and has strong anti-interference capabilities, ensuring stable power supply even during bus voltage fluctuations or mains power outages, further reducing the probability of system downtime. The system topology diagram is shown below. Figure 3 As shown, in Figure 3In this module, AC / DC refers to the diesel generator input AC / DC module 201; DC / DC and MPPT refer to the photovoltaic MPPT DC / DC module 202; QF1 ensures that the operating current and voltage meet the operating current and voltage requirements of the PCS energy storage converter; QF2 ensures that the current and voltage meet the AC / DC operating current and voltage requirements; QF3 and QF4 ensure that the operating current and voltage meet the photovoltaic system access voltage and current requirements; and QF5 ensures that the operating current and voltage meet the DC / DC operating voltage and current requirements.

[0035] This invention proposes a highly integrated system, employing a modular integrated design within a cabinet. This achieves a high degree of product integration, saving costs and space, and reducing the impact of external environmental interference (such as humidity and dust) on the equipment. Simultaneously, a unified scheduling and management module enables real-time coordination among subsystems, reducing communication delays and failure rates caused by separate deployments. It is suitable for microgrid applications in islands, oil fields, and other similar environments. Compared to traditional photovoltaic and energy storage equipment, the communication and interaction between the various working modules 2 are significantly improved. The photovoltaic MPPT module, energy storage power supply 207, and diesel generator input module are directly coupled via a DC bus, resulting in higher system efficiency. Multiple energy storage power supplies 207 are also provided for backup power, enabling multi-level energy relay and improving overall system reliability. Furthermore, compared to previous designs that drew power from AC or UPS systems, this invention's power supply design saves costs, increases usable space, improves the overall environmental adaptability of the product, enhances energy utilization, strengthens anti-interference capabilities, significantly improves system reliability, and reduces operating costs. Compared to traditional solutions, it offers substantial improvements in efficiency and energy consumption optimization, power reliability, and operating costs. This invention utilizes modular integration.

[0036] The control cabinet 1 is equipped with a fire controller 209 on its top. The fire controller 209 includes smoke and temperature sensors. An aerosol device 210 is installed on a cabinet door 102, which can spray fire-extinguishing aerosol for fire suppression. This invention is designed with three alarm thresholds: level one, level two, and level three. The three-level alarm logic is triggered by the smoke and temperature sensors, resulting in a level one warning → level two alarm → level three fire suppression. Figure 4As shown, a graded fire response is implemented. When a fire occurs in control cabinet 1, if either the smoke sensor or the temperature sensor reaches a level one or two warning, a warning signal is sent to the fire controller 209. The fire controller 209 outputs a level one or two alarm signal and activates an audible and visual alarm to remind personnel to handle the fire promptly. If either the smoke sensor or the temperature sensor reaches a level three warning, a warning signal is sent to the fire controller 209. The fire controller 209 outputs a level three alarm signal and activates an audible and visual alarm to remind personnel to handle the fire promptly. At the same time, the aerosol device 210 sprays fire-extinguishing aerogel for fire suppression. After the aerosol device 210 extinguishes the fire, a feedback signal is sent to the fire controller 209 to prevent the fire from spreading and damaging system components, ensuring the long-term stable operation of the equipment. Compared to traditional solutions with their single early warning, insufficient alarm level detail, and lack of feedback mechanisms, this invention employs a multi-level logic early warning system with dual-standard triggering from smoke and temperature sensors. This reduces false alarms and equipment damage. The system differentiates between different fire conditions, with each alarm signal fed back to the fire controller 209, ensuring that the fire status is monitored and improving the overall reliability of the system.

[0037] The sliding locking device 3 includes a slider 301 and a slide rail 302. Two sliders 301 are symmetrically fixed at the left and right ends of each working module 2. The slide rails 302 are arranged in pairs and symmetrically at the left and right ends of the control cabinet 1. The sliders 301 are inserted into the slide rails 302 to form a sliding structure between the working module 2 and the control cabinet 1. A pressing rod 303 is rotatably connected to the outside of one slider 301 of the working module 2. The pressing rod 303 is located inside the slide rail 302 and a locking block 304 is vertically provided at one end. A locking groove 305 is provided inside one of the slide rails 302. The locking block 304 matches the locking groove 305. The locking groove 305 has a sliding groove 306 above the slide rail 302 that matches the locking block 304. The sliding groove 306 leads to the outside of the control cabinet 1. During installation, press down the pressing lever 303 to position the locking block 304 inside the slide groove 306. Insert the slider 301 into the slide rail 302 and push the working module 2 deeper into the control cabinet 1. The slider 301 slides within the slide rail 302, allowing the working module 2 to slide to its end within the control cabinet 1. Release the pressing lever 303, and the locking block 304 will automatically fall into the locking groove 305 due to its own weight. The cooperation of these two mechanisms ensures that the working module 2 has a stable structure within the control cabinet 1 and will not move easily. To remove the working module 2, press down the pressing lever 306. 3. Due to the rotation, the pressing rod 303 acts as a lever to disengage the locking block 304 from the locking groove 305 and into the slide groove 306. Pressing down the pressing rod 303 simultaneously pulls the working module 2 outward until it is disengaged from the control cabinet 1. The sliding locking device 3 of this utility model enables the quick installation and removal of the working module 2 through the cooperation of the slider 301 and the slide rail 302, which is convenient and fast. The mechanical cooperation between the locking block 304 and the locking groove 305 ensures that the working module 2 is stable and does not shift during operation. During maintenance, a single person can complete the module replacement, which greatly improves maintenance efficiency.

[0038] Working Process: After connecting all components or structures of this utility model, during installation, push the working module 2 to insert the slider 301 along the slide rail 302. After it is in place, release the pressing rod 303, and the locking block 304 will fall into the locking groove 305 by gravity. After the system installation and debugging are completed, each working module 2 will operate in coordination according to the following logic: External photovoltaic equipment stores the production current to the energy storage power supply 207 through the photovoltaic MPPT DC / DC module 202. Under normal operating conditions, the system prioritizes the use of mains power. When the mains power is interrupted, the STS off-grid switching system immediately triggers the "mains power → energy storage" switch, and the energy storage power supply 207 quickly takes over the load through the PCS energy storage converter 203. When the energy storage capacity is lower than the threshold (e.g., 20%), the system automatically starts the diesel generator. The diesel generator achieves seamless switching between "energy storage → diesel generator" through the diesel generator input AC / DC module 201, with no power outage throughout the process. The HMI human-machine interface 204 and the meter 206 display data such as the proportion of each energy source and the load power in real time. During operation, the air conditioner 104 and the ventilation grille 103 work together to maintain the temperature inside the cabinet within the set range; the surge protector 206 monitors power surges in real time and quickly cuts off the circuit protection module in case of an anomaly. The fire controller 209 continuously collects smoke and temperature signals. If an anomaly is detected (such as temperature > 60℃ or smoke concentration exceeding the standard), a first-level audible and visual alarm is triggered; if the anomaly worsens, it is upgraded to a second-level alarm; when the third-level threshold is reached, the aerosol device 210 automatically sprays fire-extinguishing aerosol to extinguish the fire.

[0039] When a module needs to be repaired, open the corresponding cabinet door 102, press the pressing rod 303 of the sliding locking device 3 to disengage the locking block 304 from the locking groove 305, and pull out the module along the slide 302; after the replacement is completed, reverse the operation and the locking block will automatically fall into place and be fixed.

[0040] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model, but the protection scope of the present utility model is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or changes made by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present utility model, based on the technical solution and the inventive concept of the present utility model, should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0041] In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. Moreover, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and integrate the different embodiments or examples described in this specification, as well as the features of different embodiments or examples.

Claims

1. A power supply system suitable for grid-connected and off-grid photovoltaic-storage-diesel systems, comprising a control cabinet (1), several working modules (2) with different functions, and a sliding locking device (3), characterized in that, The control cabinet (1) has an electrical room and a battery room on the left and right sides respectively. The working module (2) is installed in the electrical room and the battery room through a sliding locking device (3). The working module (2) in the electrical room consists of two sets of diesel generator input AC / DC modules (201), two sets of photovoltaic MPPT DC / DC modules (202), a PCS energy storage converter (203), an HMI human-machine interface (204), a miniature circuit breaker and socket (205), and a surge protector and meter (206) from top to bottom. The working module (2) in the battery room consists of several sets of energy storage power supplies (207) and a high-voltage box (208) installed in the lower left corner from top to bottom.

2. A power supply system for on-grid and off-grid photovoltaic-storage-diesel systems according to claim 1, characterized in that, The control cabinet (1) has two cabinet doors (102) symmetrically hinged to the front by a hinge (101). One cabinet door (102) is provided with a ventilation grille (103), and the other cabinet door (102) is provided with an air conditioner (104).

3. A power supply system for on-grid and off-grid photovoltaic-storage-diesel systems according to claim 2, characterized in that, The control cabinet (1) is equipped with a fire controller (209) on the top and an aerosol device (210) is installed inside a cabinet door (102).

4. A power supply system for on-grid and off-grid photovoltaic-storage-diesel systems according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sliding locking device (3) includes a slider (301) and a slide rail (302). The two sliders (301) are symmetrically fixed at the left and right ends of each working module (2).

5. A power supply system suitable for grid-connected and off-grid photovoltaic-storage-diesel systems according to claim 4, characterized in that, The slide rails (302) are arranged in pairs and symmetrically on the left and right ends of the control cabinet (1). The slider (301) is inserted into the slide rail (302) so that the working module (2) and the control cabinet (1) form a sliding structure.

6. A power supply system for on-grid and off-grid photovoltaic-storage-diesel systems according to claim 5, characterized in that, The working module (2) has a slider (301) externally connected to a pressing rod (303), the pressing rod (303) is located inside the slide (302) and a locking block (304) is provided vertically at one end.

7. A power supply system suitable for grid-connected and off-grid photovoltaic-storage-diesel systems according to claim 6, characterized in that, One of the slides (302) has a locking groove (305) inside, and a locking block (304) matches the locking groove (305).

8. A power supply system suitable for grid-connected and off-grid photovoltaic-storage-diesel systems according to claim 7, characterized in that, The locking groove (305) has a groove (306) above the slide rail (302) that matches the locking block (304), and the groove (306) leads to the outside of the control cabinet (1).

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