A battery pack repair charging circuit

Abstract

The application relates to the new energy battery technical field, in particular to a storage battery pack repairing and charging circuit, a plurality of batteries in series are included in the storage battery pack, the repairing and charging circuit comprises a charging power supply; the charging power supply and all the batteries form a charging series circuit; for each battery, a bleeder circuit and a bleeder circuit control circuit are arranged at two ends of the battery; a signal merging charging circuit is arranged; the signal merging charging circuit is used for determining whether the charging series circuit is turned on or not; if the voltage of at least one battery is greater than a specified threshold value, the charging power supply is disconnected with the charging series circuit, and the bleeder circuit of the battery is turned on. When the bleeder circuit is turned on, the voltage of the battery is reduced to be less than the specified voltage threshold value under the action of the bleeder current, the charging series circuit is turned on, and the operation is repeated, so that the voltages at two ends of all the batteries in the storage battery pack can be repaired to the same voltage value, the charging repairing of the series battery pack is completed, and the effect of the professional factory repairing is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of new energy battery technology, and in particular to a battery pack repair and charging circuit. Background Technology

[0002] The utility model patent with application number CN201920786973.0 discloses a low-temperature oscillation charging control circuit for a battery pack. The positive output terminal of the charger is connected to the positive terminal of the battery pack via an inductor L1, an inductor L2, and a capacitor C1 connected in series. A switch K is connected in parallel across capacitor C1. The negative output terminal of the charger is split into two paths: one path is connected to the connection node between the inductors L1 and L2 via an anti-parallel switch V and a diode D1; the other path is connected to the negative terminal of the battery pack. The control electrode of the switch V is connected to a switch control circuit via a drive circuit to solve the problem of the battery pack not charging or being undercharged at low temperatures.

[0003] However, the battery pack is not a single, integrated battery, but rather a combination of multiple batteries connected in series. This circuit cannot differentiate the voltage differences of individual cells within the battery pack, and can only act uniformly on the entire battery pack. Furthermore, its function is limited, mainly addressing the issue of low-temperature charging, and it lacks the function of balancing and repairing the battery pack. The monitoring of the battery pack status is not precise enough, and there is no accurate regulation mechanism for the voltage of each individual battery.

[0004] Therefore, based on the above technical problems, there is an urgent need for a circuit that can perform differentiated processing on each individual cell in the battery pack, which can solve the charging problem while also having the function of equalizing and repairing the battery pack. Utility Model Content

[0005] (a) Technical problems to be solved

[0006] In view of the above-mentioned shortcomings and deficiencies of the prior art, this application provides a battery pack repair and charging circuit. This circuit, by configuring a separate discharge circuit and control circuit for each series battery, and combining a signal merging charging circuit to control the on / off of the overall charging circuit according to the voltage signal of each battery, solves the problems of the prior art that cannot differentiate the voltage difference of individual cells and lacks the function of equalization repair. It simultaneously achieves precise voltage balance of each battery, improves the repair effect and service life.

[0007] (II) Technical Solution

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, embodiments of this application provide a battery pack repair and charging circuit, wherein the battery pack includes multiple batteries connected in series, and the repair and charging circuit includes:

[0009] A charging power source is used to provide charging power to each battery; the charging power source and all batteries form a charging series circuit;

[0010] For each battery, a discharge circuit for discharging the battery individually and a discharge circuit control circuit for controlling the conduction of the discharge circuit are provided at both ends of the battery. The discharge circuit includes a discharge resistor and a second MOSFET. The battery, the discharge resistor and the second MOSFET form a discharge series circuit.

[0011] The input of the discharge circuit control circuit for all batteries is connected to the signal merging charging circuit.

[0012] The signal merging charging circuit is used to determine whether to conduct the charging series circuit formed by the charging power supply and all batteries based on the signal at the input terminal of the discharge circuit control circuit of all batteries, so as to charge all batteries.

[0013] If at least one battery has a voltage greater than a specified voltage threshold, the charging series circuit formed by the charging power supply and all batteries is disconnected, and the discharge circuit of that battery is turned on.

[0014] The repair charging circuit provided in this application embodiment, by configuring a separate discharge circuit, discharge circuit control circuit and signal merging charging circuit for each series-connected battery, achieves precise control by automatically disconnecting the total series-connected charging circuit and conducting the discharge circuit of that battery when the voltage of any battery exceeds a specified voltage threshold. It can dynamically adjust the battery voltage without disassembling the battery, effectively solving the problems of not being able to differentiate the processing of voltage differences of individual batteries and lacking equalization repair function. It achieves precise balance of voltage of each battery, avoids overcharging, and improves the repair effect and service life of the battery pack.

[0015] Preferably, the discharge circuit control circuit for controlling the conduction of the discharge circuit includes:

[0016] The discharge signal is processed and driven by the control terminal of the second MOSFET;

[0017] A voltage detection and conversion circuit is installed across both ends of the battery;

[0018] When the voltage detection and conversion circuit detects that the voltage across the battery is higher than a specified voltage threshold, the output terminal of the voltage detection and conversion circuit outputs a first signal. The discharge signal processing driver controls the second MOS transistor to conduct the discharge series circuit of the battery according to the first signal.

[0019] Preferably, the signal merging and charging circuit includes:

[0020] The first MOSFET is used for signal merging and charging drive.

[0021] The first MOSFET is connected in series in the charging series circuit formed by the charging power supply and all the batteries;

[0022] The signal merging charging drive is connected to the control terminal of the first MOS transistor;

[0023] When the voltage detection and conversion circuit detects that the voltage across the battery is less than a specified voltage threshold, the output terminal of the voltage detection and conversion circuit outputs a second signal. The combined charging driver controls the first MOS transistor to turn on the charging series circuit to charge all batteries according to the second signal.

[0024] Preferably, the voltage detection and conversion circuit includes: a comparator and a reference voltage source;

[0025] The first input terminal of the comparator is connected to the positive terminal of the battery;

[0026] The second input terminal of the comparator is grounded through a reference voltage source.

[0027] Preferably, light-emitting diodes for monitoring the current within the discharge resistor are also provided across the discharge resistor.

[0028] The driving current for the LED is a portion of the discharge current generated when the corresponding discharge circuit is turned on, or it is generated using the discharge current as a signal.

[0029] Preferably, the discharge signal processing driver uses a discrete component driving circuit;

[0030] The signal merging charging drive includes an OR gate.

[0031] The input of the OR gate is connected to the output of all voltage detection and conversion circuits, and the output of the OR gate is connected to the control terminal of the first MOS transistor.

[0032] Preferably, the battery pack is a lithium iron phosphate battery pack or a ternary lithium battery pack, and the charging voltage of each battery in the lithium iron phosphate battery pack is 3650mV±50mV.

[0033] Preferably, during the entire charging process of the repair charging circuit, the voltage across all batteries in the battery pack is targeted at a specified voltage threshold. Specifically, the voltage detection and conversion circuit compares the specified voltage threshold with the corresponding voltage value across the battery and outputs a first signal or a second signal to control the first MOSFET and the second MOSFET to turn on and off in opposite phases.

[0034] Preferably, the charging process of the repair charging circuit is divided into a regular charging stage and a repair charging stage.

[0035] During the repair charging phase, the first MOSFET and the second MOSFET alternately turn on and off in opposite phases. The charging current and discharge current generated during this process form a dynamic adjustment cycle, so that the voltage value across all batteries in the battery pack changes continuously around the specified voltage threshold during the repair charging phase. This achieves the factory repair standard of the battery pack without undercharging or overcharging, and ultimately restores the maximum capacity of the battery pack.

[0036] Preferably, the battery pack is the same type of battery used in electric two-wheeled vehicles or drones.

[0037] (III) Beneficial Effects

[0038] The beneficial effects of this application are as follows: The repair charging circuit provided by this application, by configuring a separate discharge circuit, discharge circuit control circuit, and signal merging charging circuit for each series-connected battery, achieves precise control by automatically disconnecting the overall charging series circuit and conducting the discharge circuit of that battery when the voltage of any battery exceeds a specified voltage threshold. When the discharge circuit is conducting, the battery voltage drops below the specified voltage threshold under the action of the discharge current, causing the charging series circuit to conduct. This repeated action ensures that the voltage at both ends of all batteries in the battery pack is restored to the same voltage value, completing the charging repair of the series-connected battery pack and achieving the effect of professional factory repair. This application can dynamically adjust the battery voltage without disassembling the battery, effectively solving the problems of not being able to differentiate the processing of individual battery voltage differences and lacking equalization repair function. It achieves precise balance of battery voltage, avoids overcharging, improves the repair effect and service life of the battery pack, and lays a solid charging technology foundation for realizing the ideal of the same lifespan for the vehicle and battery.

[0039] This application eliminates the complex operational steps of recycling, disassembly, transportation, repair and charging, capacity testing, reassembly, and resale and transportation in the cascade utilization process. The battery assembled with this application can be used until natural aging after one assembly, saving a significant amount of manpower, material resources, and financial resources, and laying a solid charging technology foundation for realizing the ideal of the vehicle and battery having the same lifespan. Attached Figure Description

[0040] Figure 1 This is a circuit diagram of a battery pack repair and charging circuit according to an embodiment of this application;

[0041] Figure 2 This is a circuit diagram of the discharge circuit and discharge circuit control circuit of a single battery in an embodiment of this application;

[0042] Figure 3 This is a circuit diagram of the voltage detection and conversion circuit for a single battery according to an embodiment of this application;

[0043] Figure 4 This is a circuit diagram of the signal merging and charging circuit in an embodiment of this application;

[0044] Figure 5 This is a circuit diagram of the discharge signal processing drive in an embodiment of this application.

[0045] [Explanation of Labels in the Attached Image]

[0046] 10: Battery; 11: Bleeding resistor; 12: Light-emitting diode; 13: Comparator; 14: Reference voltage source; 15: Signal merging charging driver; 16: Bleeding signal processing driver; 17: First MOSFET; 18: Constant current and constant voltage charging interface; 19: Second MOSFET. Detailed Implementation

[0047] To better explain and facilitate understanding of this application, the following detailed description of the application is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0048] Currently, nearly 3000 GMWh of lithium-ion battery packs are launched on the global market annually. These battery packs urgently require effective solutions regarding their lifespan, and this application precisely meets this need. After applying this application, the lifespan of lithium-ion battery packs will be extended exponentially. Users can then use these battery packs, just like other types of battery packs, from initial assembly until natural aging before they are scrapped.

[0049] Therefore, this application has significant economic, environmental (carbon neutrality) and social benefits, and its application scope is wide. It can be used in battery repair shops, for individuals repairing series lithium battery packs, and in lithium battery pack management systems to achieve non-disassembly repair of series lithium battery packs. This not only saves labor, time, and costs, but also significantly extends the service life of lithium battery packs. Furthermore, the battery pack repair and charging circuit structure of this application is simple and low-cost, further enhancing its application value.

[0050] To better understand the above technical solutions, exemplary embodiments of this application will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Although exemplary embodiments of this application are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that this application can be implemented in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this application can be understood more clearly and thoroughly, and that the scope of this application can be fully conveyed to those skilled in the art.

[0051] Example

[0052] See Figure 1 This embodiment provides a battery pack repair and charging circuit, wherein the battery pack includes multiple batteries 10 connected in series. The battery pack can be various movable or stationary series-connected lithium battery packs; specifically, it is a battery used in electric two-wheeled vehicles or drones.

[0053] The repair charging circuit includes: a charging power supply for providing charging power to each battery 10; the charging power supply and all batteries 10 form a charging series circuit.

[0054] For each battery 10, a discharge circuit for discharging the battery 10 individually and a discharge circuit control circuit for controlling the conduction of the discharge circuit are provided at both ends of the battery 10. The discharge circuit includes a discharge resistor 11 and a second MOSFET 19. The battery 10, the discharge resistor 11 and the second MOSFET 19 form a discharge series circuit. The input terminals of the discharge circuit control circuits of all batteries 10 are connected to a signal merging charging circuit. The signal merging charging circuit is used to determine whether to conduct the charging series circuit formed by the charging power supply and all batteries 10 based on the signal at the input terminals of the discharge circuit control circuits of all batteries 10, so as to charge all batteries 10.

[0055] If at least one battery 10 has a voltage greater than a specified voltage threshold, the charging series circuit formed by the charging power supply and all batteries 10 is disconnected, and the discharge circuit of that battery 10 is turned on.

[0056] Each battery 10 corresponds to its own designated voltage threshold, which is determined by the reference voltage source 14 in the voltage detection circuit (the voltage detection circuit will be described in detail below). The designated voltage thresholds are the same for all batteries 10 in the same battery pack.

[0057] The charging process of the above-mentioned repair charging circuit is divided into two stages: The first stage is the normal charging stage, in which the charging series circuit is turned on and the battery pack starts charging. The second stage is the repair charging stage. During the charging process of the first stage, the voltage of one battery 10 will reach the specified voltage threshold first, while the voltage of the other batteries 10 is still below the specified voltage threshold, and then the second stage begins. In the second stage, the opening and closing of the charging series circuit and the opening and closing of the discharge circuit are alternated. That is, when the voltage of a battery 10 is detected to exceed the specified voltage threshold, the charging series circuit is triggered to open, and at the same time, the discharge circuit of the battery 10 exceeding the specified voltage threshold is triggered to open. At this time, the battery 10 exceeding the specified voltage threshold generates a discharge current through its own discharge circuit, causing the voltage of the battery 10 to gradually decrease; when the voltage of the battery 10 exceeding the specified voltage threshold drops below the specified voltage threshold, its discharge circuit automatically closes, and the charging series circuit is turned on again, and the battery pack starts charging again, until the voltage of the next battery 10 reaches the specified voltage threshold, and the cycle repeats to enter the repair charging stage.

[0058] Based on the above two stages, depending on whether the voltage of battery 10 exceeds the specified voltage threshold, the charging series circuit and the discharge circuit of the over-limit battery 10 will repeatedly be turned on and off: when in the normal charging stage, the charging series circuit is turned on and the voltage of battery 10 rises; once a battery 10 exceeds the specified voltage threshold and enters the repair charging stage, the charging series circuit is turned off and the discharge circuit of the battery 10 is turned on, and its voltage drops.

[0059] During the aforementioned alternating charging and discharging process, each battery 10 in the battery pack will successively reach the specified voltage threshold. As the voltage of each battery 10 approaches the specified voltage threshold, the frequency of charging and discharging operations decreases, and the charging current also decreases, ultimately achieving dynamic balance and precise control of the voltage of each battery 10 in the battery pack.

[0060] During the entire charging process of the repair charging circuit in this embodiment, the voltage across all batteries in the battery pack is targeted at a specified voltage threshold. Specifically, the voltage detection and conversion circuit compares the specified voltage threshold with the corresponding voltage value across the battery and outputs a first signal or a second signal to control the first MOSFET and the second MOSFET to turn on and off in opposite phases.

[0061] The charging process of the repair charging circuit is divided into a regular charging stage and a repair charging stage. During the repair charging stage, the first MOSFET and the second MOSFET are alternately turned on and off in an anti-phase manner. The charging current and discharge current generated during this process form a dynamic adjustment cycle, so that the voltage value across all batteries in the battery pack changes continuously around the specified voltage threshold during the repair charging stage. This completes the factory repair standard of the battery pack without undercharging or overcharging, and ultimately achieves the repair of the maximum capacitance of the battery pack.

[0062] See Figure 1 N represents the total number of batteries 10 in the battery pack. Modules marked "N---" (such as discharge signal processing driver 16, etc.) need to be configured in N sets according to the number of batteries 10, with each set corresponding to one battery 10, forming a distributed control architecture. Figure 2 What is presented is the discharge circuit and discharge circuit control circuit of a single battery. Figure 3 This presents a voltage detection and conversion circuit for a single battery. Figure 4 The circuit shown is a signal merging and charging circuit, which can help in understanding the overall circuit logic.

[0063] The repair charging circuit provided in this embodiment, by configuring a separate discharge circuit, discharge circuit control circuit and signal merging charging circuit for each series-connected battery, achieves precise control by automatically disconnecting the total series charging circuit and turning on the discharge circuit of that battery 10 when the voltage of any battery 10 exceeds a specified voltage threshold. The battery voltage can be dynamically adjusted without disassembling the battery 10, effectively solving the problems of not being able to differentiate the voltage differences of each individual battery 10 and lacking equalization repair function. It achieves precise voltage balance of each battery 10, avoids overcharging, and improves the repair effect and service life of the battery pack.

[0064] Specifically, the second MOSFET 19 is an NMOS transistor; the drain of the second MOSFET 19 is connected to the positive terminal of the battery 10 after being connected in series with the discharge resistor 11, and the source of the second MOSFET 19 is connected to the negative terminal of the battery 10.

[0065] The discharge circuit uses a discharge resistor 11 and an NMOS transistor (second MOS transistor 19) to form a series discharge circuit. By connecting the drain of the NMOS transistor in series with the discharge resistor 11 to the positive terminal of the battery 10 and the source to the negative terminal of the battery 10, precise discharge control of the battery 10 is achieved. When discharge is required, the NMOS transistor is turned on to form a discharge circuit. The discharge resistor 11 consumes electrical energy to reduce the voltage of the battery 10. This structure is simple, reliable, and has a fast response. It can efficiently cooperate with the control logic to complete the voltage regulation of the over-limit battery 10 and provide stable hardware support for the dynamic balancing function of the entire repair and charging circuit.

[0066] The resistance value of the discharge resistor 11 is determined according to the capacity of the battery pack. All discharge resistors 11 have the same resistance value. This design can ensure that the current is stable and controllable during the discharge of battery 10, avoiding damage to battery 10 due to excessive current or low discharge efficiency due to insufficient current. It can also ensure that the discharge rate of each battery 10 is consistent through uniform resistance parameters, providing a hardware basis for the accurate convergence of the voltage of each battery 10 in the battery pack to the same threshold, and further improving the consistency and reliability of voltage balance during the repair charging process.

[0067] Specifically, the discharge circuit control circuit for controlling the conduction of the discharge circuit includes: a discharge signal processing driver 16 connected to the control terminal of the second MOSFET 19; and a voltage detection and conversion circuit mounted across the two ends of the battery 10. When the voltage across the battery 10 is detected to be higher than a specified voltage threshold, the voltage detection and conversion circuit outputs a first signal. Based on the first signal, the discharge signal processing driver 16 controls the second MOSFET 19 to conduct the discharge series circuit of the battery 10.

[0068] Among them, see Figure 5 The discharge signal processing and driving can be implemented using discrete component driving circuits.

[0069] The structural design of the discharge circuit control circuit enables real-time monitoring of the battery 10 voltage and precise trigger control of the discharge circuit, ensuring that discharge is only initiated when the battery 10 voltage exceeds the limit. This not only guarantees the timeliness and accuracy of discharge but also avoids unnecessary power consumption, providing reliable control logic support for the dynamic balance adjustment of the entire repair and charging circuit.

[0070] The signal merging charging circuit includes: a first MOSFET 17 and a signal merging charging driver 15; the first MOSFET 17 is connected in series in the charging series circuit formed by the charging power supply and all batteries 10; the signal merging charging driver 15 is connected to the control terminal of the first MOSFET 17. When the voltage detection and conversion circuit detects that the voltage across the battery 10 is less than a specified voltage threshold, the output terminal of the voltage detection and conversion circuit outputs a second signal, and the signal merging charging driver 15 controls the first MOSFET 17 to conduct and charge the charging series circuit for all batteries 10 according to the second signal.

[0071] More specifically, the first MOSFET 17 is a PMOS transistor, with its source connected to the positive terminal of the charging power supply and its drain connected to the positive terminal of the battery pack. Alternatively, in another design example, the first MOSFET 17 can be an NMOS transistor and the second MOSFET 19 a PMOS transistor. It should be noted that in other designs, the first and second MOSFETs can be of the same type, but their drive voltages must be inverted. In certain scenarios, the MOSFETs in the above circuit can be replaced with bipolar transistors (BJTs). However, since MOSFETs are voltage-controlled devices and BJTs are current-controlled devices, their control methods differ. If a replacement is made, the drive circuit needs to be adjusted accordingly to match the current drive characteristics of the BJT. Furthermore, the parameters of the BJT must be verified to meet the circuit's operational requirements, taking into account factors such as current magnitude and power consumption.

[0072] This design of the signal merging charging circuit enables precise on / off control of the charging circuit based on the voltage state of battery 10. The specific wiring method of the first MOSFET 17 ensures stable conduction of the charging circuit and can promptly resume charging when the voltage of battery 10 reaches the standard. In coordination with the discharge circuit control logic, it provides reliable circuit support for the orderly charging of the battery pack, ensuring that the charging process is efficient and meets the state requirements of battery 10.

[0073] It should be noted that when the charging series circuit is on, the outputs of the first MOSFET 17 and the second MOSFET 19 are out of phase, and all discharge circuits are in the off state at this time; when the charging series circuit is off and a certain discharge circuit is on, the outputs of the first MOSFET 17 and the second MOSFET 19 corresponding to the on-circuit discharge circuit are out of phase.

[0074] Specifically, the voltage detection and conversion circuit includes: a comparator 13 and a reference voltage source 14; the first input terminal of the comparator 13 is connected to the positive terminal of the battery 10; the second input terminal of the comparator 13 is grounded through the reference voltage source 14.

[0075] The voltage detection and conversion circuit uses a reference voltage source 14 to provide a reference voltage, which is also the specified voltage threshold of the battery 10. When the battery pack preferably uses lithium iron phosphate batteries, this reference voltage is 3650mV±50mV. The voltage detection and conversion circuit outputs two sets of signals. One set of output signals is output to the discharge circuit control circuit to control the conduction and disconnection of the corresponding discharge circuit; the other set of output signals is output to the signal merging and charging circuit to control the conduction and disconnection of the charging series circuit.

[0076] The specific operating logic is as follows: When the voltage of a battery 10 exceeds a specified voltage threshold, the voltage detection and conversion circuit outputs a first signal. The signal merging charging circuit controls the first MOSFET 17 to turn off according to the first signal, causing the charging series circuit to stop working. At the same time, the discharge circuit control circuit corresponding to the battery 10 controls the second MOSFET 19 to turn on according to the first signal, causing its discharge circuit to start. When the voltage of the battery 10 drops below the specified voltage threshold, the voltage detection and conversion circuit outputs a second signal, the first MOSFET 17 turns on again, restoring the operation of the charging series circuit, while the corresponding second MOSFET 19 turns off, shutting down the discharge circuit.

[0077] Under the alternating action of charging current and discharging current, the voltage of battery 10 will continuously change around a specified voltage threshold. The corresponding voltage detection and conversion circuit will repeatedly and alternately output a first signal or a second signal (where the first signal can be 0 or 1, and the second signal is 1 or 0). The output signal of the voltage detection and conversion circuit acts on the first MOSFET 17 and the corresponding second MOSFET 19, forming a dynamic adjustment cycle by precisely controlling the conduction and disconnection of the charging series circuit and the corresponding discharging circuit.

[0078] The voltage detection and conversion circuit can compare the battery voltage 10 with the reference voltage in real time through comparator 13, accurately determine whether the battery voltage 10 has reached or exceeded the specified voltage threshold, thereby providing an accurate basis for subsequent signal output (first signal or second signal), ensuring that the discharge circuit control circuit and the signal merging charging circuit can respond in a timely and correct manner, and laying a reliable detection foundation for the precise control of the entire charging circuit.

[0079] Specifically, a light-emitting diode 12 for monitoring the current inside the bleeder resistor 11 is also provided at both ends of the bleeder resistor 11; the driving current for driving the light-emitting diode is a part of the bleeder current generated when the corresponding bleeder circuit is turned on, or is generated by using the bleeder current as a signal.

[0080] For example, see Figure 1 The LED can be connected in parallel with a bleed resistor. In this case, the driving current for the LED is a portion of the bleed current. In other examples, the driving current for the LED can be generated by amplifying the bleed current. In this case, the driving current is generated using the bleed current as a signal.

[0081] A light-emitting diode (LED) 12 is connected in parallel across each discharge resistor 11 to serve as a visual indicator of the charging status: when the discharge circuit corresponding to a certain battery 10 is turned on (i.e., the voltage of the battery 10 reaches a specified voltage threshold, generating a discharge current), the LED 12 connected in parallel lights up, indicating that the battery 10 is fully charged; when all the LEDs 12 corresponding to all discharge circuits are lit, it indicates that the entire battery pack is fully charged. This design makes observing the charging status simple and clear.

[0082] Specifically, the signal merging charging driver 15 includes an OR gate, the input of which is connected to the output of all voltage detection and conversion circuits, and the output of which is connected to the control terminal of the first MOS transistor 17.

[0083] It should be noted that, see Figure 4 When a two-input OR gate is selected, the signal merging charging drive is formed by multiple OR gates cascaded to form a combinational logic circuit; the number of OR gates is adapted according to the number of batteries 10 connected in series, ensuring that the output signals of all voltage detection and conversion circuits are output after logical AND operation to control the first MOS transistor 17 to turn on or off.

[0084] The signal merging charging driver 15 logically integrates the output signals of the voltage detection and conversion circuits of all batteries 10 through an OR gate. Only when the voltage detection and conversion circuits of all batteries 10 output a signal that allows charging (i.e., the voltage of all batteries 10 has not exceeded the specified voltage threshold) will the OR gate output a signal that turns on the first MOS transistor 17. This ensures that the charging series circuit starts only when all batteries 10 meet the charging conditions, accurately realizing global control of the charging process and further improving the reliability and accuracy of the charging circuit.

[0085] The charging voltage of each cell in the battery pack is determined according to the characteristic voltage of the battery type. Specifically, in a lithium iron phosphate (LFP) battery pack, the charging voltage of each cell is 3650mV ± 50mV. The battery pack can also be a ternary lithium battery pack.

[0086] The specified voltage threshold in the voltage detection and conversion circuit of each battery 10 is a threshold set by the individual characteristics of the battery. Preferably, the specified voltage threshold for each battery 10 in the lithium iron phosphate battery pack is 3650mV±50mV.

[0087] The design of the charging voltage within the battery pack provides a clear and uniform voltage standard for charging battery 10. This ensures that each battery 10 is fully charged and, through a consistent specified voltage threshold, enables the voltage detection and conversion circuit to accurately determine whether each battery 10 has met the charging requirements. This ensures that the triggering conditions for the charging and discharging processes are unified, effectively improving the voltage balance of each battery 10. This lays the foundation for the battery pack to achieve maximum capacity and good repair results, and provides a solid charging technology foundation for realizing the ideal of the vehicle and battery having the same lifespan.

[0088] Specifically, the charging power supply includes a main switch and a constant current and constant voltage charging interface 18, which is connected to a series circuit for charging all batteries 10 via the main switch.

[0089] The charging power supply adopts a constant voltage output mode. As the charging process progresses, when the voltage of each battery 10 in the battery pack rises to approximately a specified voltage threshold (e.g., 3650mV±50mV when the battery pack uses lithium iron phosphate batteries), the total voltage (3650mV±50mV multiplied by the number of batteries N) approaches the output voltage of the charger. At this time, the output current of the charger will become very small.

[0090] The charging power supply can provide stable charging conditions for battery 10 through constant current and constant voltage characteristics, ensuring the smooth progress of the charging process. It can also achieve overall control of the charging circuit through the main switch, making it convenient to cut off the power supply when needed, thus enhancing the safety and controllability of the charging operation and providing reliable power support for the repair charging of the entire battery pack.

[0091] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0092] Although embodiments of this application have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of this application, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A battery pack repair and charging circuit, characterized in that, The battery pack includes multiple batteries connected in series, and the repair charging circuit includes: A charging power source is used to provide charging power to each battery; the charging power source and all batteries form a charging series circuit; For each battery, a discharge circuit for discharging the battery individually and a discharge circuit control circuit for controlling the conduction of the discharge circuit are provided at both ends of the battery. The discharge circuit includes a discharge resistor and a second MOSFET. The battery, the discharge resistor and the second MOSFET form a discharge series circuit. The input of the discharge circuit control circuit for all batteries is connected to the signal merging charging circuit. The signal merging charging circuit is used to determine whether to conduct the charging series circuit formed by the charging power supply and all batteries based on the signal at the input terminal of the discharge circuit control circuit of all batteries, so as to charge all batteries. If at least one battery has a voltage greater than a specified voltage threshold, the charging series circuit formed by the charging power supply and all batteries is disconnected, and the discharge circuit of that battery is turned on.

2. The battery pack repair and charging circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The discharge circuit control circuit that controls the conduction of the discharge circuit includes: The discharge signal is processed and driven by the control terminal of the second MOSFET; A voltage detection and conversion circuit is installed across both ends of the battery; When the voltage detection and conversion circuit detects that the voltage across the battery is higher than a specified voltage threshold, the output terminal of the voltage detection and conversion circuit outputs a first signal. The discharge signal processing driver controls the second MOS transistor to conduct the discharge series circuit of the battery according to the first signal.

3. The battery pack repair and charging circuit according to claim 2, characterized in that, The signal merging and charging circuit includes: The first MOSFET is used for signal merging and charging drive. The first MOSFET is connected in series in the charging series circuit formed by the charging power supply and all the batteries; The signal merging charging drive is connected to the control terminal of the first MOS transistor; When the voltage detection and conversion circuit detects that the voltage across the battery is less than a specified voltage threshold, the output terminal of the voltage detection and conversion circuit outputs a second signal. The combined charging driver controls the first MOS transistor to turn on the charging series circuit to charge all batteries according to the second signal.

4. The battery pack repair and charging circuit according to claim 3, characterized in that, The voltage detection and conversion circuit includes: a comparator and a reference voltage source; The first input terminal of the comparator is connected to the positive terminal of the battery; The second input terminal of the comparator is grounded through a reference voltage source.

5. The battery pack repair and charging circuit according to claim 3, characterized in that, The two ends of the bleed resistor are also provided with light-emitting diodes to monitor the current in the bleed resistor; The driving current for the LED is a portion of the discharge current generated when the corresponding discharge circuit is turned on, or it is generated using the discharge current as a signal.

6. The battery pack repair and charging circuit according to claim 3, characterized in that, The bleed signal processing driver uses a discrete component driver circuit. The signal merging charging drive includes an OR gate. The input of the OR gate is connected to the output of all voltage detection and conversion circuits, and the output of the OR gate is connected to the control terminal of the first MOS transistor.

7. The battery pack repair and charging circuit according to claim 3, characterized in that, The battery pack is a lithium iron phosphate battery pack or a ternary lithium battery pack, and the charging voltage of each battery in the lithium iron phosphate battery pack is 3650mV±50mV.

8. The battery pack repair and charging circuit according to claim 3, characterized in that, During the entire charging process of the repair charging circuit, the voltage across all batteries in the battery pack is targeted at a specified voltage threshold. Specifically, the voltage detection and conversion circuit compares the specified voltage threshold with the corresponding voltage value across the battery and outputs a first signal or a second signal to control the first MOSFET and the second MOSFET to turn on and off in opposite phases.

9. The battery pack repair and charging circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The charging process of the repair charging circuit is divided into a normal charging stage and a repair charging stage. During the repair charging phase, the first MOSFET and the second MOSFET are alternately turned on and off in opposite phases.

10. The battery pack repair and charging circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The battery pack is used in electric two-wheeled vehicles and drones.

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