An environmental chamber for hot spot testing of a dual glass photovoltaic module

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of for double-glass photovoltaic module hot spot test's environmental box, including the box of door opening, sample support placed in box and by the light source of box top to sample, the box has the anti-reflection material that is laid full inner bottom surface and is laid by inner bottom surface upwards along inside surface, and the anti-reflection material is laid height with sample support isof the inside surface height. The utility model completes hot spot test in box, provides stable light source for double-glass component, avoids external environment to influence test result, simultaneously, anti-reflection material is transferred from double-glass component surface to box inner wall, and light source will not be irradiated to photovoltaic module back by reasonable height design, it is not necessary to paste anti-reflection material manually on double-glass component surface, so it will not lead to the problem of uneven heat dissipation and inaccurate placement position of component.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of photovoltaic testing technology, and in particular to an environmental chamber for hot spot testing of double-glass photovoltaic modules. Background Technology

[0002] Hot spot effect refers to the phenomenon where a photovoltaic (PV) module experiences localized malfunctions due to shading, damage, or quality issues, causing some cells in that area to become unusable and consume energy from the other cells. This energy consumption leads to a localized temperature increase, forming a hot spot. In real-world applications, it's inevitable that dust, leaves, bird droppings, and other obstructions will accumulate on the module's surface during operation. To ensure that the module's reliability is not affected during periods when no obstructions are detected, hot spot testing is necessary to assess the PV module's performance and confirm compliance with standards.

[0003] Currently, when conducting hot spot durability tests on double-glass modules, it is necessary to calculate the bifaciality factor and then superimpose the light intensity under the bifaciality factor onto the front side of the module. During hot spot testing of double-glass modules, operators manually place black anti-reflection material on the back of the module, typically using materials such as black polyester film or black wood. Due to differences in material properties, test results vary. Furthermore, placing the anti-reflection material on the back of the module can lead to uneven heat dissipation between the front and back sides, affecting the actual test results. Moreover, due to the uncertainty of manually placing the anti-reflection material, testers cannot confirm the effectiveness of the anti-reflection effect on the back of the module. Utility Model Content

[0004] To address the technical problem in existing double-glass module hot spot testing methods that involve manually placing black anti-reflective material on the back of the module, resulting in uneven heat dissipation and affecting the accuracy of test results, this invention provides an environmental chamber for hot spot testing of double-glass photovoltaic modules to solve the aforementioned problem.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by this utility model to solve its technical problem is: an environmental chamber for hot spot testing of double-glass photovoltaic modules, including a chamber with an openable door, a sample holder placed inside the chamber, and a light source shining on the sample from the top of the chamber. The chamber has an anti-reflective material covering the inner bottom surface and laid from the inner bottom surface upward along the inner side surface, and the height of the anti-reflective material on the inner side surface is the same as the height of the sample holder.

[0006] In an optional embodiment of this utility model, the anti-reflective material includes a black paint layer, a glass substrate, and a nano-SiO2 sol arranged in sequence. The black paint layer is coated on the inner side, and the outer surface of the nano-SiO2 sol has several recessed structures.

[0007] In an optional embodiment of this utility model, the glass substrate is embossed at the end facing the black paint layer.

[0008] In an optional embodiment of this utility model, the sample holder is provided with a light sensor, and the probe surface of the light sensor faces the inner bottom surface of the box.

[0009] In an optional embodiment of this utility model, the recessed structure is an inverted pyramid shape.

[0010] In an optional embodiment of this invention, the nano-SiO2 sol is deposited on the surface of a glass substrate using a sol-gel method.

[0011] In an optional embodiment of this utility model, the box body is made of stainless steel, and the inner surface of the box body, except for the anti-reflective material, is covered with reflective aluminum plates.

[0012] In an optional embodiment of this utility model, the black paint layer is black fluorocarbon paint.

[0013] In an optional embodiment of this utility model, the ratio of the thickness of the black paint layer to the thickness of the glass substrate is 0.2 to 0.3.

[0014] In an optional embodiment of this utility model, a double door is provided on one side of the box.

[0015] The beneficial effects of this utility model are: (1) The present invention completes the hot spot test inside the box, provides a stable light source for the double glass module, avoids the external environment from affecting the test results, and transfers the anti-reflection material from the surface of the double glass module to the inner wall of the box. Through reasonable height design, the light source will not shine on the back of the photovoltaic module. There is no need to manually paste the anti-reflection material on the surface of the double glass module, so that the problem of uneven heat dissipation and inaccurate placement of the module will not occur.

[0016] (2) The anti-reflective material in this utility model is composed of a black paint layer, a light-transmitting and anti-reflective glass substrate, and nano-SiO2 sol, which can not only improve the light absorption effect, but also has the effects of high hardness and scratch resistance.

[0017] (3) This utility model uses a photosensitive probe to detect light in the area below the sample holder, ensuring that there is no light radiation on the back of the double glass assembly, thus improving the accuracy of the test results. Attached Figure Description

[0018] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0019] Figure 1 This is a perspective view of a specific embodiment of the environmental chamber for hot spot testing of double-glass photovoltaic modules according to this utility model; Figure 2This is a schematic diagram of the structural composition of the anti-reflective material in this utility model; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram showing the sample placed in the environmental chamber for hot spot testing of double-glass photovoltaic modules as described in this utility model; Figure 4 This is a graph showing the reflectivity test results of three different parts of sample A using traditional anti-reflective materials. Figure 5 This is a graph showing the reflectivity test data of three different parts of sample A using the anti-reflective material from Example 2.

[0020] In the figure, 1. Box body, 2. Double door, 3. Sample, 4. Sample holder, 5. Light source, 6. Inner bottom surface, 7. Anti-reflective material, 701. Black paint layer, 702. Glass substrate, 703. Nano SiO2 sol, 8. Reflective aluminum plate, 9. Recessed structure, 10. Light sensor. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The embodiments of this utility model are described in detail below. Examples of these embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain this utility model, and should not be construed as limiting this utility model.

[0022] Example 1 like Figures 1-3 As shown, an environmental chamber for hot spot testing of double-glass photovoltaic modules includes an openable chamber 1, a sample holder 4 placed inside the chamber 1, and a light source 5 that shines on the sample 3 from the top of the chamber 1. The chamber 1 has an inner bottom surface 6 covered with anti-reflective material 7 that is laid from the inner bottom surface 6 upwards along the inner side surface, and the height of the anti-reflective material 7 on the inner side surface is the same as the height of the sample holder 4.

[0023] The door design of the housing 1 is for inserting or removing photovoltaic modules. In this embodiment, a double door 2 is provided on the front side of the housing 1, which can be fully opened to allow photovoltaic modules to pass through. During testing, the sample 3 is placed on the sample holder 4, ensuring that the lower surface of the sample 3 is aligned with the upper edge of the anti-reflective material 7. After closing the door, the light source 5 is turned on to conduct the test.

[0024] The height design of the anti-reflective material 7 on the inner side of the housing 1 is explained as follows: When the light source 5 shines downwards, the inner surface of the housing 1 reflects the light after receiving it. Analyzing the principle of light reflection, only surfaces of the housing 1 with a height lower than the highest point of the sample holder 4 (i.e., the height at which the sample 3 is placed) can potentially emit light radiation onto the back of the sample 3. Surfaces of the housing 1 with a height higher than the highest point of the sample holder 4 can only emit light towards the inner bottom surface 6 of the housing 1. The inner bottom surface 6 absorbs the light, thus preventing light radiation onto the back of the sample 3. Therefore, by making the height of the anti-reflective material 7 on the inner side of the housing 1 equal to that of the sample holder 4, that is, flush with their top edges, light radiation onto the back of the sample 3 can be avoided.

[0025] The box body 1 is made of stainless steel, and the inner surface of the box body 1 is covered with reflective aluminum plates 8 except for the anti-reflective material 7.

[0026] The anti-reflective material 7 can be the black wooden board or polyester film mentioned in the background art.

[0027] Example 2 This embodiment improves upon Embodiment 1 by modifying the anti-reversing material 7. Traditional anti-reversing material 7 has poor heat resistance; it may melt or even catch fire at high temperatures. Furthermore, the polyester film has low hardness, and since the anti-reversing material 7 is always laid on the inner surface of the housing 1, it may be scratched during the handling of the double-glass assembly. Therefore, this embodiment uses the following anti-reversing material 7: like Figure 2 As shown, the anti-reflective material 7 comprises a black paint layer 701, a glass substrate 702, and a nano-SiO2 sol 703 arranged in sequence. The black paint layer 701 is coated on the inner surface, and the outer surface of the nano-SiO2 sol 703 has several recessed structures 9. Black has good light absorption, which can reduce reflection. The black paint is uniformly coated on the inner surface of the stainless steel substrate of the housing 1, which plays a role in absorbing light and preventing reflection. The glass substrate 702 is made of glass and has light transmission, while also protecting the black paint layer 701. The nano-SiO2 sol 703 also has light transmission, and after solidification, the nano-SiO2 sol 703 has strong hardness and weather resistance. When fused to the surface of the glass substrate 702, it can resist high temperatures and scratches. The recessed structures 9 on the surface of the nano-SiO2 sol 703 can cause light to diffuse into the interior of the anti-reflective material 7, reducing reflection.

[0028] The anti-reflective material 7 described in this embodiment can not only improve light absorption, but also prevent material melting under sealed high temperature conditions and avoid surface damage, thereby improving the service life of the environmental chamber.

[0029] Based on the principle of light reflection, the recessed structure 9 is preferably an inverted pyramid shape. With a reasonable angle design, light entering the recessed structure 9 cannot be directly reflected outward, but is mainly transmitted, thus being completely absorbed.

[0030] The nano-SiO2 sol 703 can be deposited onto the surface of the glass substrate 702 using the sol-gel method. After deposition, heat treatment or tempering is used to firmly bond the film layer to the glass substrate 702. The black paint layer 701 can be black fluorocarbon paint. The main component of fluorocarbon paint is fluorocarbon resin, which has a unique molecular structure that can form a dense coating, reducing light transmission and reflection. Fluorocarbon paint also has excellent weather resistance, maintaining the stability and color of the coating for a long time, and is not prone to fading or aging, thus continuously maintaining its light absorption effect. Fluorocarbon paint also has strong corrosion resistance, resisting the erosion of various chemicals and maintaining the integrity of the coating and its light absorption performance.

[0031] Considering the cost of materials, the black paint layer 701 does not need to be too thick, and the glass substrate 702 needs to have a certain degree of shatter resistance, so its thickness is greater than that of the black paint layer 701. In a preferred embodiment, the ratio of the thickness of the black paint layer 701 to the thickness of the glass substrate 702 is 0.2 to 0.3.

[0032] In a further design, in order to improve the light absorption performance of the anti-reflective material 7, the glass substrate 702 is embossed at one end facing the black paint layer 701. Embossing refers to designing the surface of the glass substrate 702 with an uneven pattern, which can reduce the reflection and scattering of light on the inside of the glass substrate 702.

[0033] like Figure 4 and Figure 5 The figure shows the reflectivity data of three different positions of sample 3 using the original black wooden board and the anti-reflective material 7 described in this embodiment. It can be seen from the figure that: (1) the anti-reflective material 7 described in this embodiment has a better anti-reflective effect. The reflectivity of the anti-reflective material 7 described in this embodiment for visible light is mainly concentrated below 7.5, while the reflectivity of the original material for visible light is mainly above 9; (2) when tested at different positions of the same sample 3, the stability of the anti-reflective material 7 described in this embodiment is better than that of the original material; (3) the reflectivity of the anti-reflective material 7 described in this embodiment is lower at low wavelengths. The smaller the wavelength, the higher the energy level. Reducing the reflection at low wavelengths can reduce the attenuation of the component caused by other factors, making the test more accurate.

[0034] Example 3 Based on the above embodiments, this embodiment provides a photosensitive probe 10 on the sample holder 4, with the probe surface of the photosensitive probe 10 facing the inner bottom surface 6 of the box 1.

[0035] The light sensor 10 is used to detect light in the area below the sample holder 4, ensuring that there is no light radiation on the back of the double glass module and improving the accuracy of the test results.

[0036] In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiments. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments.

[0037] Based on the above-described preferred embodiments of this utility model, and through the foregoing description, those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications without departing from the technical concept of this utility model. The technical scope of this utility model is not limited to the contents of the specification, but must be determined according to the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. An environmental chamber for hot spot testing of double-glass photovoltaic modules, characterized in that: The device includes an openable box, a sample holder placed inside the box, and a light source that shines on the sample from the top of the box. The box has an anti-reflective material that covers the inner bottom surface and is laid from the inner bottom surface upwards along the inner side surface. The anti-reflective material is laid at the same height as the sample holder on the inner side surface.

2. The environmental chamber for hot spot testing of double-glass photovoltaic modules according to claim 1, characterized in that: The anti-reflective material comprises a black paint layer, a glass substrate, and a nano-SiO2 sol arranged in sequence. The black paint layer is coated on the inner side, and the outer surface of the nano-SiO2 sol has several recessed structures.

3. The environmental chamber for hot spot testing of double-glass photovoltaic modules according to claim 2, characterized in that: The glass substrate is embossed on the end facing the black paint layer.

4. The environmental chamber for hot spot testing of double-glass photovoltaic modules according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sample holder is equipped with a light sensor, with the probe surface of the light sensor facing the inner bottom surface of the box.

5. The environmental chamber for hot spot testing of double-glass photovoltaic modules according to claim 2, characterized in that: The recessed structure is an inverted pyramid shape.

6. The environmental chamber for hot spot testing of double-glass photovoltaic modules according to claim 2, characterized in that: The nano-SiO2 sol is deposited on the surface of a glass substrate using a sol-gel method.

7. The environmental chamber for hot spot testing of double-glass photovoltaic modules according to claim 1, characterized in that: The enclosure is made of stainless steel, and the inner surface of the enclosure, except for the anti-reflective material, is covered with reflective aluminum plates.

8. The environmental chamber for hot spot testing of double-glass photovoltaic modules according to claim 2, characterized in that: The black paint layer is black fluorocarbon paint.

9. The environmental chamber for hot spot testing of double-glass photovoltaic modules according to claim 2, characterized in that: The ratio of the thickness of the black paint layer to the thickness of the glass substrate is 0.2 to 0.

3.

10. The environmental chamber for hot spot testing of double-glass photovoltaic modules according to claim 1, characterized in that: The box has a double door on one side.

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