Isolated drive arrangement and vehicle

Abstract

The utility model discloses an isolation type drive arrangement and vehicle relates to relay drive technical field, include: first voltage division module with first filter module and opto -coupler isolation module's signal input end is connected, will received drive signal send to opto -coupler isolation module, opto -coupler isolation module's voltage output input end is connected with the pull -up power end, and signal output end is connected with second voltage division module, and exports control voltage to second voltage division module, second voltage division module is connected with voltage stabilizing module, second filter module and switch module, and sends control voltage to switch module, and switch module is controlled and turns on or disconnects. The isolation of low voltage control signal and high voltage relay's drive signal is realized to opto -coupler isolation module, and cost is lower and small, can therefore effectively reduce cost and volume, opto -coupler isolation module can directly receive the drive signal after voltage division and filtering as control signal, thereby can save the cost of drive IC, further reduce cost.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of relay drive technology, and in particular to an isolated drive device and a vehicle. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid popularization and promotion of electric vehicles, vehicle safety has become increasingly important. Various high-voltage electrical devices in electric vehicles require relays for control. The relay drive circuit and load circuit are usually isolated for safety. However, as safety requirements become higher, it is necessary to achieve mutual isolation between the relay drive circuit control signal and the relay drive circuit.

[0003] like Figure 1 The diagram shows a conventional isolation drive circuit. This isolation drive circuit primarily uses transformer T1 to achieve mutual isolation between the control signal and the load circuit. The circuit on the left side of transformer T1 is the primary control loop, used to output control signals, such as pulse signals. Transformer T1 takes the primary signal as its input signal, that is, the pulse signal (control signal) output by the pulse signal output circuit as the input signal. After isolation by transformer T1, the signal is rectified by the rectifier diodes on the secondary side of the transformer, thereby generating a voltage on the secondary side capable of driving the gate driver chip, thus driving the power switching transistor. Here, an isolation transformer refers to a transformer whose input winding (primary side) and output winding (secondary side) are electrically isolated.

[0004] However, isolating the control signal from the power circuit using an isolation transformer and gate driver has drawbacks such as high cost and large footprint. Firstly, the pulse signal output circuit, as a driver IC, is a power driver chip with a complex structure, multiple functions, and high cost; simultaneously, the isolation transformer is also expensive. Secondly, because isolation transformers are generally large, they occupy a significant amount of PCB space.

[0005] In summary, there is a need for a small and low-cost isolated drive unit and vehicle. Utility Model Content

[0006] To solve the above problems, this utility model proposes an isolated drive device and a vehicle.

[0007] In a first aspect, this application proposes an isolated driving device, comprising: a first voltage divider module, a first filter module, an optocoupler isolation module, a second voltage divider module, a voltage regulator module, a second filter module, and a switching module;

[0008] The first voltage divider module is connected to the signal input terminals of the first filter module and the optocoupler isolation module, and sends the received drive signal to the optocoupler isolation module;

[0009] The voltage input terminal of the optocoupler isolation module is connected to the pull-up power supply terminal, and the signal output terminal is connected to the second voltage divider module, outputting control voltage to the second voltage divider module;

[0010] The second voltage divider module is connected to the voltage regulator module, the second filter module, and the switch module, and sends the control voltage to the switch module to control the switch module to turn on or off.

[0011] Furthermore, in the isolated drive device described above, the first voltage divider module includes: a first resistor; one end of the first resistor is connected to one end of the first filter module and receives a drive signal, and the other end is connected to the other end of the first filter module.

[0012] Further, as described above in the isolated drive device, the first filter module includes: a first capacitor; one end of the first capacitor is connected to one end of the first resistor and the optocoupler isolation module, and the other end is connected to the other end of the first resistor and the optocoupler isolation module.

[0013] Further, as described above in the isolated drive device, the optocoupler isolation module includes: an optocoupler switch; the first end of the optocoupler switch is the signal input end, connected to one end of the first voltage divider module and one end of the first filter module; the second end is connected to the negative voltage terminal or ground terminal; the third end is the voltage output input end, connected to the pull-up power supply terminal; and the fourth end is the signal output end, connected to the second voltage divider module.

[0014] Further, as described above in the isolated drive device, the second voltage divider module includes: a second resistor and a third resistor; one end of the second resistor is connected to the signal output terminal, and the other end is connected to one end of the third resistor, the voltage regulator module, the second filter module, and the switch module; the other end of the third resistor is connected to the ground terminal.

[0015] Furthermore, as described above with an isolated drive device, the voltage regulator module includes: a first diode; the anode of the first diode is connected to the ground terminal, and the cathode is connected to the other end of the second resistor.

[0016] Furthermore, in the isolated drive device described above, the second filter module includes: a second capacitor; one end of the second capacitor is connected to the other end of the second resistor, and the other end is connected to the ground terminal.

[0017] Furthermore, in the isolated driving device described above, the switching module includes: an NMOS transistor; the source of the NMOS transistor is connected to the ground terminal, the gate is connected to the other end of the second resistor, and the drain is connected to the load.

[0018] Furthermore, the isolated drive device described above also includes: a drive chip; the signal output terminal of the drive chip is connected to the first voltage divider module for outputting the drive signal.

[0019] Secondly, this application proposes a vehicle including an isolated drive unit as described in any of the first aspects.

[0020] The advantages of this invention are as follows: the optocoupler isolation module isolates the low-voltage control signal and the high-voltage relay drive signal, ensuring system safety; the optocoupler isolation module has low cost and small size, thus effectively reducing cost and size; the optocoupler isolation module can directly receive the drive signal after voltage division and filtering as the control signal, thereby saving the cost of the driver IC and further reducing cost. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Various other advantages and benefits will become apparent to those skilled in the art upon reading the following detailed description of preferred embodiments. The accompanying drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. Furthermore, the same reference numerals denote the same parts throughout the drawings. In the drawings:

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of an existing isolated drive circuit;

[0023] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of an isolated drive device provided by this utility model;

[0024] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of another isolated drive device provided by this utility model;

[0025] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the connection between an isolated drive device and a drive chip provided by this utility model. Detailed Implementation

[0026] Exemplary embodiments of the present invention will now be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings. While exemplary embodiments of the present invention are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present invention can be implemented in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided to enable a more thorough understanding of the present invention and to fully convey the scope of the present invention to those skilled in the art.

[0027] The embodiments of this utility model will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0028] Firstly, such as Figure 2 As shown, according to an embodiment of this application, an isolated driving device is proposed, comprising: a first voltage divider module 100, a first filter module 200, an optocoupler isolation module 300, a second voltage divider module 400, a voltage regulator module 500, a second filter module 600, and a switching module 700. The first voltage divider module 100 is connected to the signal input terminals of the first filter module 200 and the optocoupler isolation module 300, sending the received driving signal to the optocoupler isolation module 300. The voltage input / output terminal of the optocoupler isolation module 300 is connected to a pull-up power supply terminal, and its signal output terminal is connected to the second voltage divider module 400, outputting a control voltage to the second voltage divider module 400. The second voltage divider module 400 is connected to the voltage regulator module 500, the second filter module 600, and the switching module 700, sending the control voltage to the switching module 700 to control the switching module 700 to turn on or off.

[0029] The optocoupler isolation module 300 can be directly connected to the microcontroller unit (MCU) and receive the drive signal output by the microcontroller unit as a control signal.

[0030] like Figure 3 As shown, the first voltage divider module 100 includes: a first resistor R1; one end of the first resistor R1 is connected to one end of the first filter module 200 and receives a drive signal, and the other end is connected to the other end of the first filter module 200.

[0031] like Figure 3 As shown, the first filter module 200 includes: a first capacitor C1; one end of the first capacitor C1 is connected to one end of the first resistor R1 and the optocoupler isolation module 300, and the other end is connected to the other end of the first resistor R1 and the optocoupler isolation module 300.

[0032] like Figure 3 As shown, the optocoupler isolation module 300 includes: an optocoupler switch ISO1; the first terminal s1 of the optocoupler switch ISO1 is a signal input terminal, which is connected to one end of the first voltage divider module 100 and one end of the first filter module 200; the second terminal s2 is connected to the negative voltage terminal or ground terminal GND; the third terminal s3 is a voltage output terminal, which is connected to the pull-up power supply terminal; and the fourth terminal s4 is a signal output terminal, which is connected to the second voltage divider module 400.

[0033] An optocoupler, also known as an optocoupler switch, is an electro-optical-electrical conversion device that uses light as a medium to transmit electrical signals. The first terminal (S1) of the optocoupler switch ISO1 (optocoupler isolation switch) can be directly connected to a microcontroller, such as a microcontroller unit (MCU), to receive drive signals output by the MCU as control signals. The third terminal (S3) can accept 12 / 24V voltage.

[0034] The power NMOS (NMOS transistor in switch module 700) is switched on and off by using optocoupler switch ISO1, thereby controlling the on and off of the load-side relay. Optocoupler switch ISO1 also isolates the low-voltage control signal received at its first terminal S1 from the high-voltage relay drive signal output at its fourth terminal S4, thus ensuring system safety.

[0035] like Figure 3 As shown, the second voltage divider module 400 includes: a second resistor R2 and a third resistor R3; one end of the second resistor R2 is connected to the signal output terminal, and the other end is connected to one end of the third resistor R3, the voltage regulator module 500, the second filter module 600, and the switch module 700; the other end of the third resistor R3 is connected to the ground terminal GND.

[0036] like Figure 3 As shown, the voltage regulator module 500 includes: a first diode D1; the anode of the first diode D1 is connected to the ground terminal GND, and the cathode is connected to the other end of the second resistor R2.

[0037] A diode is an electronic device made of semiconductor materials (silicon, selenium, germanium, etc.). When a forward voltage is applied between the two terminals of a diode, the diode conducts; when a reverse voltage is applied, the diode is cut off. A Zener diode allows its current to vary over a wide range while its voltage remains essentially constant.

[0038] like Figure 3 As shown, the second filter module 600 includes: a second capacitor C2; one end of the second capacitor C2 is connected to the other end of the second resistor R2, and the other end is connected to the ground terminal GND.

[0039] like Figure 3 As shown, the switching module 700 includes: an NMOS transistor Q1; the source of the NMOS transistor Q1 is connected to the ground terminal GND, the gate is connected to the other end of the second resistor R2, and the drain is connected to the load.

[0040] An NMOS transistor, or N-channel metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistor, typically has three electrodes: gate (G), source (S), and drain (D). The drain of NMOS transistor Q1 is connected to the load terminal for connection to ground (GND).

[0041] like Figure 4 As shown, the embodiments of this application also include: a driver chip 800; the signal output terminal of the driver chip 800 is connected to the first voltage divider module 100 and is used to output a drive signal.

[0042] The driver chip 800 (driver IC) includes a power supply chip and is also connected to a microcontroller, such as a microcontroller unit.

[0043] The implementation of this application mainly uses an optocoupler switch ISO1, an NMOS transistor Q1, and some resistors and capacitors to realize an isolated low-side drive circuit.

[0044] The driver chip 800 is used to drive the optocoupler switch ISO1 to prevent the microcontroller (such as an MCU) from directly driving the optocoupler with excessive power. The first resistor R1, the second resistor R2, and the third resistor R3 are all voltage divider resistors. The first capacitor C1 and the second capacitor C2 are both filter capacitors. The first diode D1 is a Zener diode used to protect the NMOS transistor Q1. The NMOS transistor Q1 is a high-power NMOS transistor.

[0045] The specific working principle of this application's implementation is as follows: the driver chip 800 outputs a high-level signal based on the drive signal from the microcontroller, which is used as the drive signal for the optocoupler switch ISO1. This causes the LED in the optocoupler switch ISO1 to be forward-biased, emitting a light signal. Upon receiving the light signal, the optocoupler switch ISO1 opens its internal switch, causing the 12 / 24V pull-up power supply to be divided by the series resistors R2 and R3 to the ground terminal GND. This results in a voltage across the third resistor R3, which is then transferred to the gate-source (GS) terminals of the NMOS transistor Q1. If this voltage exceeds the gate-source (GS) threshold voltage of the NMOS transistor Q1, Q1 will conduct, connecting the load ground to the system ground and successfully driving the load, thus achieving low-side load control.

[0046] In use, the load is the control circuit of the relay, typically an inductor coil. This coil must first be pulled up to the 12 / 24V power supply in the system. The function of the driver chip 800 is to prevent excessive power consumption of the microcontroller when driving multiple identical circuits. If there are few driver circuits in a system, the driver chip 800 can be omitted, and the microcontroller can directly control the LED in the optocoupler switch ISO1, further saving costs. The first diode D1, acting as the Zener diode, prevents excessive voltage difference between the gate and source terminals of the NMOS transistor Q1, thus avoiding burnout. When the voltage difference between the gate and source terminals of the NMOS transistor Q1 is too large, the presence of the first diode D1 stabilizes the voltage between the gate and source terminals near the Zener diode's regulated value.

[0047] Secondly, according to embodiments of this application, a vehicle is proposed, including an isolated drive unit as described in the first aspect.

[0048] The vehicles include electric vehicles (electrically driven vehicles) and new energy vehicles.

[0049] The advantages of this embodiment are that the optocoupler is much smaller than a transformer, which can reduce the size of the PCB board and save PCB board space; the control signal and power circuit are isolated by the optocoupler, which can prevent damage to the low-voltage part in the event of a high-voltage failure, thereby ensuring system safety and achieving isolation design; the entire circuit can be built using only one driver IC, one NMOS transistor, one optocoupler switch, and some discrete components, and the driver IC can be omitted as needed, resulting in low cost. The implementation of this application can not only drive high-power relays, but also achieve mutual isolation between the control signal and the relay drive circuit, thereby ensuring the isolation between the high and low voltage systems of the entire vehicle and improving the safety of the entire vehicle.

[0050] The above description in this specification is merely illustrative of the present invention. Those skilled in the art to which this invention pertains may make various modifications or additions to the described specific embodiments or use similar methods to replace them, as long as they do not depart from the content of this specification or exceed the scope defined in the claims, all of which shall fall within the protection scope of this invention.

Claims

1. An isolated drive device, characterized in that, include: The system comprises a first voltage divider module, a first filter module, an optocoupler isolation module, a second voltage divider module, a voltage regulator module, a second filter module, and a switching module; The first voltage divider module is connected to the signal input terminals of the first filter module and the optocoupler isolation module, and sends the received drive signal to the optocoupler isolation module; The voltage input terminal of the optocoupler isolation module is connected to the pull-up power supply terminal, and the signal output terminal is connected to the second voltage divider module, outputting control voltage to the second voltage divider module; The second voltage divider module is connected to the voltage regulator module, the second filter module, and the switch module, and sends the control voltage to the switch module to control the switch module to turn on or off.

2. The isolated drive device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The first voltage divider module includes: a first resistor; one end of the first resistor is connected to one end of the first filter module and receives a drive signal, and the other end is connected to the other end of the first filter module.

3. The isolated drive device as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The first filtering module includes: a first capacitor; one end of the first capacitor is connected to one end of the first resistor and the optocoupler isolation module, and the other end is connected to the other end of the first resistor and the optocoupler isolation module.

4. The isolated drive device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The optocoupler isolation module includes: an optocoupler switch; the first end of the optocoupler switch is the signal input end, which is connected to one end of the first voltage divider module and one end of the first filter module; the second end is connected to the negative voltage terminal or ground terminal; the third end is the voltage output input end, which is connected to the pull-up power supply terminal; and the fourth end is the signal output end, which is connected to the second voltage divider module.

5. The isolated drive device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The second voltage divider module includes a second resistor and a third resistor; one end of the second resistor is connected to the signal output terminal, and the other end is connected to one end of the third resistor, the voltage regulator module, the second filter module, and the switch module; the other end of the third resistor is connected to the ground terminal.

6. The isolated drive device as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The voltage regulator module includes: a first diode; the anode of the first diode is connected to the ground terminal, and the cathode is connected to the other end of the second resistor.

7. The isolated drive device as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The second filtering module includes: a second capacitor; one end of the second capacitor is connected to the other end of the second resistor, and the other end is connected to the ground terminal.

8. The isolated drive device as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The switching module includes an NMOS transistor; the source of the NMOS transistor is connected to the ground terminal, the gate is connected to the other end of the second resistor, and the drain is connected to the load.

9. The isolated drive device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: A driver chip; the signal output terminal of the driver chip is connected to the first voltage divider module and is used to output the drive signal.

10. A vehicle, characterized in that, Includes an isolated drive device as described in any one of claims 1 to 9.

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