Capacitive microswitch
By introducing a capacitor structure into the microswitch and using the change in dielectric constant to monitor the change in capacitance value, the problem that existing microswitches cannot monitor the on/off state of the button is solved, and faster response and flexible switching control are achieved.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- 河南皓泽电子股份有限公司昆山分公司
- Filing Date
- 2025-08-05
- Publication Date
- 2026-07-21
AI Technical Summary
Existing microswitches lack a structure that uses a capacitor to trigger the switch, making it impossible to monitor the on/off state of the button through a capacitor structure.
Design a capacitive micro switch that forms a capacitor structure through an emitter plate and a receiver plate. Utilize the change in dielectric constant to monitor the change in capacitance value to determine the button's on/off state. Employ a capacitance detection chip to detect the change in capacitance value and control the switch state.
It enables monitoring of button on/off status through a capacitor structure, improving switch response speed and flexibility, and is suitable for various electronic products.
Smart Images
Figure CN224538179U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of electronic product technology, and specifically relates to a capacitive micro switch. Background Technology
[0002] Microswitches are widely used in various electronic products such as electrical appliances, machinery, communications, digital audio-visual equipment, and building automation due to their advantages such as compact structure, flexible operation, and fast response speed.
[0003] Existing microswitches typically employ a mechanical force-triggered circuit switching principle, lacking existing structures that utilize capacitors for triggering. Utility Model Content
[0004] The present invention addresses the aforementioned technical problems by providing a capacitive micro switch.
[0005] A capacitive micro switch includes a base and a cover plate, the base and the cover plate being connected to form a hollow cavity, and the following is disposed within the hollow cavity:
[0006] The emitter plate has a bottom end that serves as a power-conducting pin connected to an external circuit for power supply, and the upper part of the emitter plate is the first vertical part of a vertical structure.
[0007] The receiving electrode plate has a bottom end that serves as a power-on pin connected to an external circuit for power supply. The upper part of the receiving electrode plate is a second vertical section with a vertical structure. The second vertical section and the first vertical section are arranged opposite to each other to form a capacitor structure.
[0008] A reset component, the bottom end of which abuts against or connects to the bottom end of the hollow cavity;
[0009] A button, the top of which extends out of the cover plate and the bottom of which abuts or connects with the top of the reset member, the button being provided with a blocking protrusion located between or above the first vertical part and the second vertical part;
[0010] When the button is pressed down, the blocking protrusion moves longitudinally between the first vertical part and the second vertical part, causing the dielectric constant of the capacitor structure to change and the capacitance value of the capacitor structure to change. The activation state of the capacitor micro switch is determined by monitoring the capacitance value of the capacitor structure.
[0011] Optionally, the top of the base is connected to the cover plate by rivets.
[0012] Optionally, the cover plate is provided with a button hole that is connected vertically, and the top of the button extends out from the button hole.
[0013] Optionally, both the transmitting electrode and the receiving electrode are embedded in the base, and the first vertical part and the second vertical part extend out of the top surface of the base and are arranged opposite to each other.
[0014] Optionally, the energizing pin at the bottom of the transmitting electrode extends out of the hollow cavity, and the energizing pin at the bottom of the receiving electrode extends out of the hollow cavity.
[0015] Optionally, the blocking protrusion is disposed at the center of the bottom end of the button.
[0016] Optionally, a first limiting hole is provided at the bottom end of the base inside the hollow cavity, and the top surface of the first limiting hole is an open opening;
[0017] A second limiting hole is provided at the middle of the bottom end of the blocking protrusion, and the bottom surface of the second limiting hole is an open opening;
[0018] The bottom end of the reset component abuts against or is connected to the first limiting hole, and the top end of the reset component abuts against or is connected to the second limiting hole.
[0019] Optionally, the reset element is a spring.
[0020] Beneficial effects: This utility model monitors the change in capacitance between the transmitting and receiving plates by changing the dielectric constant between them. The change in capacitance is used to determine the activation state of the button, thereby achieving the purpose of controlling the button's on / off state through the capacitor structure. Attached Figure Description
[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model;
[0022] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Top view;
[0023] Figure 3 for Figure 2 AA section view;
[0024] Figure 4 for Figure 1 Exploded view;
[0025] Figure 5 for Figure 4 Further exploded view;
[0026] Figure 6 for Figure 5 Further exploded view;
[0027] Figure 7 This is a diagram showing the positional relationship between the button and the capacitor structure of this utility model;
[0028] Figure 8 This is an exploded view of the button and reset component of this utility model. Detailed Implementation
[0029] The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, so as to better understand the purpose, features and advantages of the present invention. It should be understood that the embodiments shown in the drawings are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, but are only for illustrating the essential spirit of the technical solution of the present invention.
[0030] In the following description, certain specific details are set forth for the purpose of illustrating various disclosed embodiments in order to provide a thorough understanding of the various disclosed embodiments. However, those skilled in the art will recognize that embodiments may be practiced without one or more of these specific details. In other instances, well-known apparatuses, structures, and techniques associated with this application may not have been shown or described in detail to avoid unnecessarily obscuring the description of the embodiments.
[0031] Throughout this specification, references to "an embodiment" or "an embodiment" indicate that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment is included in at least one embodiment. Therefore, the appearance of "in an embodiment" or "an embodiment" in various places throughout the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. Furthermore, a particular feature, structure, or characteristic may be combined in any manner in one or more embodiments.
[0032] In the following description, in order to clearly demonstrate the structure and working method of this utility model, a number of directional terms will be used. However, terms such as "front", "back", "left", "right", "outside", "inside", "outward", "inward", "up", and "down" should be understood as convenient terms and not as limiting terms.
[0033] Reference Figures 1 to 8 This utility model provides a capacitive micro switch to control the on / off state of a button (switch) through a capacitor structure. The capacitive micro switch of this utility model includes a base 10, a cover plate 20, a reset member 30, a button 40, and a capacitor structure assembly, which includes a transmitting electrode 50 and a receiving electrode 60.
[0034] The base 10 and the cover plate 20 are connected to form a hollow cavity. The reset component 30, the button 40, the transmitting electrode 50, and the receiving electrode 60 are all disposed within the hollow cavity.
[0035] The bottom end of the reset component 30 abuts or connects to the bottom end of the hollow cavity, and the top end of the reset component 30 abuts or connects to the bottom end of the button 40. The reset component 30 is an elastic reset component with elastic deformation capability and reset capability.
[0036] Button 40 is confined within the hollow cavity, with its tip extending beyond the cover plate 20 to allow for external downward pressing pressure. When downward pressure is applied to the tip of button 40, the reset member 30 undergoes elastic deformation. Upon removal of the pressing pressure, button 40 returns to its initial position under the reset action of the reset member 30.
[0037] The bottom end of the emitting electrode 50 serves as a power-on pin, connecting to an external circuit for power supply. In specific implementations, the bottom end of the power-on pin of the emitting electrode 50 extends outside the hollow cavity to facilitate connection with the external circuit. The upper part of the emitting electrode 50 is the first vertical section 50a of a vertical structure.
[0038] The bottom end of the receiving plate 60 serves as a power-on pin, connecting to an external circuit for power supply. Similarly, in a specific implementation, the bottom end of the power-on pin of the receiving plate 60 extends out of the hollow cavity to facilitate connection with an external circuit. The upper part of the receiving plate 60 is a second vertical section 60a with a vertical structure. The second vertical section 60a and the first vertical section 50a are arranged opposite each other to form a capacitor structure.
[0039] The button 40 is provided with a blocking protrusion 41. The blocking protrusion 41 can be located between the first vertical part 50a and the second vertical part 60a, or it can be located above the first vertical part 50a and the second vertical part 60a.
[0040] In other words, the blocking protrusion 41 can be positioned in two ways: one is that in the initial state, the blocking protrusion 41 is located between the first vertical portion 50a and the second vertical portion 60a. During the pressing of the button 40, the blocking protrusion 41 also moves downwards, gradually separating the first vertical portion 50a and the second vertical portion 60a more, thus gradually changing the dielectric constant between them; the other is that in the initial state, the blocking protrusion 41 is located between the first vertical portion 50a and the second vertical portion 60a. Above the first vertical part 50a and the second vertical part 60a, the blocking protrusion 41 does not obstruct the space between the first vertical part 50a and the second vertical part 60a. As the button 40 is pressed down, the blocking protrusion 41 also moves down, gradually moving down to the space between the first vertical part 50a and the second vertical part 60a and gradually separating the first vertical part 50a and the second vertical part 60a more, so that the dielectric constant between the first vertical part 50a and the second vertical part 60a gradually changes.
[0041] like Figure 3 The blocking protrusion 41 shown is positioned in the first case described above.
[0042] When button 40 is pressed down, the blocking protrusion 41 moves longitudinally between the first vertical portion 50a and the second vertical portion 60a, causing a change in the dielectric constant and capacitance of the capacitor structure. The activation state of the capacitor microswitch is determined by monitoring the capacitance value. After button 40 is released, button 40 and the blocking protrusion 41 return to their original positions under the action of the reset member 30.
[0043] The working principle of this embodiment is as follows:
[0044] A capacitor structure is formed by setting up an energized transmitting plate and a corresponding energized receiving plate. The open / closed state of button 40 is determined by changing the capacitance value of this capacitor structure.
[0045] The specific operation is as follows: The capacitance value of the capacitor structure is monitored by a capacitance detection chip. This chip can be a directly adopted capacitor detection chip used in existing technology for detecting the capacitance value between two electrode plates. When the capacitance value of the capacitor structure increases / decreases to a set threshold, the capacitance detection chip determines that button 40 is in the activated state. It sends a switch activation signal to the microswitch user device. After receiving the switch activation signal, the microswitch user device connects its own circuit, causing the microswitch user device to enter the activated state. The principle is similar when turning it off. When used on a computer host or mouse, it can also be automatically turned off by the computer system or by default after a period of inactivity.
[0046] The factors that alter the capacitor structure include the facing area between the emitter and receiver plates, the distance between the emitter and receiver plates, and the dielectric constant between the emitter and receiver plates (i.e., the conductivity of the material between the emitter and receiver plates). ， The specific calculation formula is as follows:
[0047]
[0048] Where C represents the capacitance, ε represents the dielectric constant between the two plates, S represents the effective area of the two plates facing each other, D represents the distance between the two plates, and K represents the electrostatic constant (approximately 8.99 x 10⁹ N·m). 2 / C 2 )
[0049] As can be seen from the above formula, the larger the effective area facing the capacitor, the larger the capacitance value of the capacitor structure; the smaller the distance between the two plates, the larger the capacitance value of the capacitor structure; and the larger the dielectric constant, the larger the capacitance value of the capacitor structure.
[0050] If other parameters remain constant, a change in the dielectric constant will alter the capacitance value of the capacitor structure. In this embodiment, a capacitance detection chip is connected to both the emitter plate 50 and the receiver plate 60. The chip detects the capacitance between the emitter plate 50 and the receiver plate 60. When the dielectric constant between the emitter plate 50 and the receiver plate 60 changes, the capacitance value of the capacitor structure also changes. When the capacitance value increases / decreases to a set threshold, button 40 is considered to be in the active state. When the capacitance value returns to the initial threshold, button 40 is considered to be in the inactive state.
[0051] The aforementioned threshold and initial threshold can be a set value or a set threshold range.
[0052] Specifically, typically, the medium between the emitting plate 50 and the receiving plate 60 is air, with a dielectric constant of 1. The dielectric constant of the blocking protrusion 41 is 3-4. After the blocking protrusion 41 is inserted between the first vertical portion 50a of the emitting plate 50 and the second vertical portion 60a of the receiving plate 60, the dielectric constant between the first vertical portion 50a and the second vertical portion 60a increases, and the capacitance value of the capacitor structure increases accordingly. The start-up state control of the microswitch is achieved based on this change in capacitance value. In this invention, the material of the blocking protrusion 41 is not limited, and different materials have different dielectric constants. Thresholds can be set according to the dielectric constant of the blocking protrusion 41.
[0053] In one embodiment, reference is made to Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figures 4 to 6 The top of the base 10 is detachably connected to the cover plate 20 by rivets 70.
[0054] Of course, other existing detachable connection methods such as screw connection or snap-fit can also be used between the base 10 and the cover plate 20.
[0055] In one embodiment, the cover plate 20 is provided with a button hole 21 that is vertically connected, and the top of the button 40 extends out from the button hole 21.
[0056] In one embodiment, reference is made to Figure 3 The transmitting electrode 50 and the receiving electrode 60 are both embedded in the base 10, and the first vertical part 50a and the second vertical part 60a extend out of the top surface of the base 10 and are arranged opposite each other.
[0057] In one embodiment, the energizing pin at the bottom of the transmitting electrode 50 extends out of the hollow cavity, and the energizing pin at the bottom of the receiving electrode 60 extends out of the hollow cavity.
[0058] In one embodiment, reference is made to Figure 3 and Figure 8 The blocking protrusion 41 is located at the bottom center of the button 40.
[0059] In one embodiment, reference is made to Figures 3 to 6 The bottom end of the base 10 inside the hollow cavity is provided with a first limiting hole 11, and the top surface of the first limiting hole 11 is an open opening.
[0060] Reference Figure 3 and Figure 8 A second limiting hole 42 is provided at the bottom center of the blocking protrusion 41, and the bottom surface of the second limiting hole 41 is an open opening.
[0061] Reference Figure 3 The bottom end of the reset member 30 abuts or is connected to the first limiting hole 11, and the top end of the reset member 30 abuts or is connected to the second limiting hole 41.
[0062] In one embodiment, the reset member 30 is a spring.
[0063] In the capacitor structures of the above embodiments of this utility model, the positional relationship between the emitting plate and the receiving plate can be interchanged without affecting the formation of the capacitor structure.
[0064] The preferred embodiments of this utility model have been described in detail above. However, it should be understood that after reading the above teachings, those skilled in the art can make various alterations or modifications to this utility model. These equivalent forms also fall within the scope defined by the appended claims.
Claims
1. A capacitive micro switch, characterized in that, The system includes a base and a cover plate, which are connected to form a hollow cavity. Within the hollow cavity, the following components are provided: The emitter plate has a bottom end that serves as a power-conducting pin connected to an external circuit for power supply, and the upper part of the emitter plate is the first vertical part of a vertical structure. The receiving electrode plate has a bottom end that serves as a power-on pin connected to an external circuit for power supply. The upper part of the receiving electrode plate is a second vertical section with a vertical structure. The second vertical section and the first vertical section are arranged opposite to each other to form a capacitor structure. A reset component, the bottom end of which abuts against or connects to the bottom end of the hollow cavity; The button has its top end extending out of the cover plate and its bottom end abutting or connecting with the top end of the reset member. The button is provided with a blocking protrusion, which is located between or above the first vertical part and the second vertical part.
2. The capacitive micro switch as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The top of the base is connected to the cover plate by rivets.
3. The capacitive micro switch as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The cover plate is provided with a button hole that is connected vertically, and the top of the button extends out from the button hole.
4. The capacitive micro switch as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Both the transmitting electrode and the receiving electrode are embedded in the base, and the first vertical part and the second vertical part extend out of the top surface of the base and are arranged opposite to each other.
5. The capacitive micro switch as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The energizing pin at the bottom of the transmitting electrode extends out of the hollow cavity, and the energizing pin at the bottom of the receiving electrode extends out of the hollow cavity.
6. The capacitive micro switch as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The blocking protrusion is located at the center of the bottom end of the button.
7. The capacitive micro switch as described in any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, The bottom end of the base inside the hollow cavity is provided with a first limiting hole, and the top surface of the first limiting hole is an open opening. A second limiting hole is provided at the middle of the bottom end of the blocking protrusion, and the bottom surface of the second limiting hole is an open opening; The bottom end of the reset component abuts against or is connected to the first limiting hole, and the top end of the reset component abuts against or is connected to the second limiting hole.
8. The capacitive micro switch as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The reset element is a spring.