Switch network port bypass circuit

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of BYPASS circuits, in particular to a switch network port BYPASS circuit, a plurality of pairs of differential lines are arranged between two network ports of a switch, a pair of BYPASS relays are connected in series on each pair of differential lines, and a delay module is electrically connected in a power supply loop of at least one pair of BYPASS relays and used for prolonging the response time of the switching action of the BYPASS relays through energy storage discharge. That is, the delay module prolongs the response time of the switching action of the BYPASS relays through the energy storage discharge process, avoids the situation that the switch cannot detect the change of the port DOWN / UP state due to the too fast BYPASS, enables the switch to regenerate the network topology, and ensures the normal working of the ring network.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of BYPASS circuit technology, and in particular to a BYPASS circuit for a switch network port. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of rail transit communication network technology, with the continuous development of rail transit, the requirements for the stability and reliability of communication networks are becoming increasingly stringent. Especially in the ring network of rail transit carriages, the normal operation of the communication network is crucial for the safe and efficient operation of trains. The ring network topology interconnects the switches in each carriage, forming a closed communication loop. While this structure improves communication reliability, it also places higher demands on the performance and functionality of the switches. When a switch in a carriage fails or loses power, how to quickly and reliably reconstruct the ring network topology to ensure communication continuity has become an urgent problem to be solved.

[0003] In previous technologies, double-pole double-throw relays were typically used to control the bypass function of switch ports. When the switch was powered on normally, the two ports operated independently, ensuring normal communication. When the switch lost power, the relay contacts reset, short-circuiting multiple pairs of differential lines, thus enabling pass-through between the two ports, bypassing the faulty switch port and reconnecting the ring network. This method, to a certain extent, solved the network connectivity problem when the switch was powered off, ensuring basic communication continuity.

[0004] However, the existing solution has a significant drawback. If the BYPASS process is too fast, the switch, based on the ring network protocol, may not detect the corresponding network port going down and changing its state, and therefore will not recalculate the network topology. This will lead to a network storm, potentially causing the ring network to collapse and severely impacting the normal operation of the rail transit communication network. Utility Model Content

[0005] This application provides a switch port BYPASS circuit that can extend the response time of relay switching actions and ensure the reliability of ring network topology reconstruction.

[0006] The above-mentioned objective of this application is achieved through the following technical solution: This application provides a switch port BYPASS circuit. The switch has multiple pairs of differential lines between two ports, with BYPASS relays connected in series in pairs on each pair. A delay module is included, electrically connected to the power supply circuit of at least one pair of BYPASS relays. This delay module extends the response time of the BYPASS relay switching action through energy storage and discharge. Specifically, the delay module extends the response time of the BYPASS relay switching action through energy storage and discharge, preventing the switch from being unable to detect changes in the port's DOWN / UP state due to excessively fast BYPASS, thus enabling the switch to regenerate the network topology and ensuring normal operation of the ring network.

[0007] Preferably, the BYPASS relay is a double-pole double-throw relay. A double-pole double-throw relay has two poles and two throws, enabling switching between different lines. When the switch is powered normally, the double-pole double-throw relay is in one state, allowing the two network ports to operate independently; when the switch is powered off, the relay contacts reset, shorting multiple pairs of differential lines, enabling direct connection between the two network ports to bypass the switch.

[0008] Preferably, the delay module is a capacitor energy storage unit. A capacitor energy storage unit has the characteristics of energy storage and discharge; it can store electrical energy when the device is powered on and release electrical energy when the device is powered off. It has a simple structure and is safe and reliable.

[0009] Preferably, the capacitor energy storage unit consists of at least two capacitors connected in parallel, having a large capacitance and the ability to store a large amount of electrical energy. Preferably, the circuit includes a first power supply and a second power supply. The first power supply powers the delay module and the BYPASS relays on the corresponding differential lines, while the second power supply powers the BYPASS relays on other differential lines. The power supplies are independent of each other and power different BYPASS relays, which improves the reliability and stability of the circuit.

[0010] Preferably, a diode D1 is included. The anode of diode D1 is electrically connected to the positive terminal of the second power supply, and the cathode of diode D1 is electrically connected to the positive terminal of the delay module, preventing the delay module from discharging to other differential lines. The function of diode D1 is to prevent the delay module from discharging to other differential lines. When the delay module discharges, due to the unidirectional conductivity of diode D1, the current cannot flow to other differential lines connected to the second power supply, thereby ensuring the normal operation of the circuit.

[0011] Preferably, diode D1 is a Schottky diode, which has the function of fast forward conduction and reverse cutoff, preventing the delay module from discharging to other differential lines and further improving circuit stability.

[0012] Preferably, the circuit also includes a fuse FUSE1, one end of which is electrically connected to the cathode of diode D1, and the other end of which is electrically connected to the positive terminal of the first power supply and the positive terminal of the delay module. In the event of an overcurrent or short-circuit fault, fuse FUSE1 breaks the current path by melting, protecting subsequent circuits and equipment from damage and preventing fire risks.

[0013] In summary, this application includes at least the following beneficial technical effects: The delay module is electrically connected to the power supply circuit of at least one pair of BYPASS relays. This configuration allows the power supply circuit of the corresponding BYPASS relay to be delayed when the switch port is BYPASSed, extending the response time of the BYPASS relay switching action. This enables the switches on both sides of the BYPASS to detect the DOWN / UP change of the port, thereby regenerating the network topology to ensure the normal operation of the ring network. Attached Figure Description

[0014] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a ring network connection of multiple switches in an embodiment of this application; Figure 2 This is a structural block diagram of the switch network port BYPASS circuit in the embodiments of this application; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the switch network port BYPASS circuit in the embodiments of this application; Figure 4 This is a circuit schematic diagram of the delay module in an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0015] The following embodiments will help those skilled in the art to further understand the function of this application, but do not limit this application in any way. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make several modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of this application. These all fall within the protection scope of this application.

[0016] In the following description, specific details such as particular system architectures and techniques are set forth for illustrative purposes and not for limitation, in order to provide a thorough understanding of the embodiments of this application. However, those skilled in the art will understand that this application may also be implemented in other embodiments without these specific details. In other instances, detailed descriptions of well-known systems, circuits, and methods are omitted so as not to obscure the description of this application with unnecessary detail.

[0017] It should be understood that, when used in this application specification and the appended claims, the term "comprising" indicates the presence of the described features, integrals, steps, operations, elements and / or components, but does not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integrals, steps, operations, elements, components and / or a collection thereof.

[0018] The present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0019] Reference Figures 1-4 The switch port BYPASS circuit provided in this application embodiment includes a delay module. Four pairs of differential lines are provided between the two network ports of the switch. BYPASS relays are connected in series in pairs on each pair of differential lines; that is, a pair of BYPASS relays is connected in series on each pair of differential lines. Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, relays U1 and U2 are connected in series on the first pair of differential lines, relays U3 and U4 are connected in series on the second pair of differential lines, relays U5 and U6 are connected in series on the third pair of differential lines, and relays U7 and U8 are connected in series on the fourth pair of differential lines. Relays U1, U3, U5, and U7 are electrically connected to network port 1, and relays U2, U4, U6, and U8 are electrically connected to network port 2. The power supply terminals of the BYPASS relays are electrically connected to the power supply. A delay module is electrically connected in the power supply circuit of at least one pair of BYPASS relays to extend the response time of the BYPASS relay switching action through energy storage discharge. In practical applications, generally only a delay module needs to be set in the power supply circuit of one pair of BYPASS relays to achieve the delay effect. Of course, it is not impossible to set a delay module in the power supply circuit of multiple pairs of BYPASS relays. Figure 2 As shown, the delay module is connected to the power supply circuit of relays U1 and U2 in the first pair of differential lines. The delay module extends the response time of the BYPASS relay switching action through the energy storage and discharge process, preventing the BYPASS from switching too quickly and causing the switch to be unable to detect changes in the port DOWN / UP state. This allows the switch to regenerate the network topology and ensures the ring network operates normally.

[0020] Specifically, the delay module is a capacitor energy storage unit. As an alternative, the delay module can also be other energy storage modules, such as batteries. Since this application is mainly used in rail transit communication networks, capacitor energy storage is more reliable. The capacitor energy storage unit consists of at least two capacitors connected in parallel (e.g., ...). Figure 4As shown, the capacitor energy storage unit consists of four capacitors, C1-C4, connected in parallel. Large-capacity capacitors, such as electrolytic capacitors, are typically used, as they possess large capacitance and good energy storage characteristics. In some special applications, other types of capacitors, such as ceramic capacitors, can also be used in parallel to meet different energy storage requirements. Connecting multiple capacitors in parallel increases the total capacitance and improves the energy storage effect. When the device is powered on, the capacitors are charged to store electrical energy; when the device is powered off, the capacitors discharge to maintain the relay's energy consumption, preventing the BYPASS relay from conducting too quickly.

[0021] Specifically, the BYPASS relay is a double-pole double-throw relay. A double-pole double-throw relay has two sets of contacts, allowing simultaneous control of two circuits. Internally, it mainly consists of an electromagnetic coil, armature, and contacts. When the electromagnetic coil is energized, it generates a magnetic field, attracting the armature and thus changing the connection state of the contacts. In this circuit, BYPASS relays are connected in pairs in series on each pair of differential lines. When the switch is powered normally, the relay is in one state, allowing the two network ports to operate independently; when the switch is powered off, the relay contacts reset, short-circuiting multiple pairs of differential lines, enabling pass-through of the two network ports and bypassing the switch.

[0022] In some embodiments, such as Figure 3 As shown, the first power supply +12V-BYO and the second power supply +12V-BY power the components on different differential lines. The first power supply +12V-BYO supplies power to the delay module and the corresponding BYPASS relays (relays U1 and U2) on the differential lines, ensuring that the delay module can store and discharge energy normally, and that the corresponding relays can function properly. The second power supply +12V-BY supplies power to the BYPASS relays on other differential lines. These two power supplies can be switching power supplies, linear power supplies, etc., selected according to the actual circuit requirements and equipment specifications. They are connected to the corresponding components via wires, providing stable power support for the entire circuit.

[0023] In some embodiments, a diode D1 is also included. The anode of diode D1 is electrically connected to the positive terminal of the second power supply, and the cathode of diode D1 is electrically connected to the positive terminal of the delay module. The function of diode D1 is to prevent the delay module from discharging to other differential lines. When the delay module discharges, due to the unidirectional conductivity of diode D1, the current cannot flow to other differential lines connected to the second power supply, thereby ensuring the normal operation of the circuit.

[0024] Preferably, diode D1 is a Schottky diode. Schottky diodes have the function of rapid forward conduction and reverse cutoff. Its anode is electrically connected to the positive terminal of the second power supply, and its cathode is electrically connected to the positive terminal of the delay module. This prevents the delay module from discharging to other differential lines, ensuring that the energy stored in the delay module is only used to maintain the energy consumption of the corresponding relay, thus achieving the delay establishment of port pass-through.

[0025] In some embodiments, a fuse FUSE1 is also included. One end of the fuse FUSE1 is electrically connected to the cathode of the diode D1, and the other end of the fuse FUSE1 is electrically connected to the positive terminal of the first power supply and the positive terminal of the delay module, respectively. In the event of an overcurrent or short-circuit fault, the fuse FUSE1 breaks the current path by melting, protecting subsequent circuits and equipment from damage and preventing fire risks.

[0026] This method involves incorporating a capacitor energy storage unit as a delay module within the power supply circuit of the BYPASS relay. Utilizing the energy storage characteristics of capacitors, the relay charges when the device is powered on and discharges when power is off, maintaining its energy consumption and enabling port pass-through delay establishment. Simultaneously, a double-pole double-throw relay is used to implement port bypass functionality, with separate power supplies for different components via a first and second power source. Furthermore, Schottky diodes prevent the delay module from discharging into other differential lines, ensuring the stability and reliability of the entire circuit. This avoids network storm issues caused by excessively fast BYPASS operations, allowing switches on both sides of the BYPASS to detect port DOWN / UP changes and regenerate the network topology to ensure normal ring network operation. Compared to traditional port bypass control methods, this significantly improves the reliability and stability of the rail transit car ring network, representing an effective improvement and enhancement to existing technologies.

[0027] Those skilled in the art will understand that, for the sake of convenience and brevity, the above-described division of functional units and modules is used as an example. In practical applications, the above functions can be assigned to different functional units and modules as needed, that is, the internal structure of the system can be divided into different functional units or modules to complete all or part of the functions described above.

[0028] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this application, and are not intended to limit them. Although this application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, and should all be included within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A switch port BYPASS circuit, wherein multiple pairs of differential lines are provided between two network ports of the switch, and BYPASS relays are connected in series in pairs on each pair of differential lines, characterized in that, It includes a delay module electrically connected in the power supply circuit of at least one pair of BYPASS relays, used to extend the response time of the switching action of the BYPASS relays by energy storage discharge.

2. The switch port BYPASS circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The BYPASS relay is a double-pole double-throw relay.

3. The switch port BYPASS circuit according to claim 2, characterized in that, The delay module is a capacitor energy storage unit.

4. The switch port BYPASS circuit according to claim 3, characterized in that, The capacitor energy storage unit consists of at least two capacitors connected in parallel.

5. The switch port BYPASS circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, It includes a first power supply and a second power supply. The first power supply powers the delay module and the BYPASS relay on the corresponding differential line, and the second power supply powers the BYPASS relay on other differential lines.

6. The switch port BYPASS circuit according to claim 5, characterized in that, It includes diode D1, the anode of diode D1 is electrically connected to the positive terminal of the second power supply, and the cathode of diode D1 is electrically connected to the positive terminal of the delay module to prevent the delay module from discharging to other differential lines.

7. The switch port BYPASS circuit according to claim 6, characterized in that, Diode D1 is a Schottky diode.

8. The switch port BYPASS circuit according to claim 6, characterized in that, It includes a fuse FUSE1, one end of which is electrically connected to the cathode of diode D1, and the other end of which is electrically connected to the positive terminal of the first power supply and the positive terminal of the delay module.

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