A loudspeaker module and electronic device

Abstract

The utility model relates to the field of loudspeaker, disclose a loudspeaker module and electronic equipment. The utility model discloses loudspeaker module, include: by the upper cover and the lower cover constitute the accommodation space, set up the loudspeaker single body in the accommodation space, with the loudspeaker single body corresponding setting capacitor unit, capacitor unit includes: setting in the same plane emitter plate and receiving electrode plate, the loudspeaker single body includes: the vibrator that comprises ball top, voice coil and diaphragm to and magnet assembly, and magnet assembly and vibrator between interaction drive ball top generates displacement in the first direction, the first direction is the direction that ball top is close to or away from the plane where emitter plate lies, emitter plate and ball top are opposite to set up, and receiving electrode plate and ball top are opposite to set up, and emitter plate forms the electric capacity with receiving electrode plate by the aid of ball top, according to the signal change of electric capacity determines the displacement size that ball top generates in the first direction, detects the displacement of ball top after can be in time to its intervention when displacement approaches the upper limit.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of loudspeakers, and in particular to a loudspeaker module and electronic device. Background Technology

[0002] Loudspeakers are widely used in consumer electronics. During operation, the greater the displacement of the oscillator, the better the speaker's performance. However, considering factors such as equipment reliability, the oscillator displacement cannot be increased indefinitely. A displacement limit is usually determined based on factors such as structural dimensions and component reliability. If the oscillator displacement exceeds this limit, it will cause damage to the oscillator, thus affecting the speaker's performance.

[0003] To prevent the oscillator's displacement from consistently falling below its upper displacement limit, current methods utilize theoretical models and algorithms to calculate the speaker's operational parameters based on this upper displacement limit. These parameters are then used to indirectly restrict the oscillator's displacement range. However, considering the discrepancy between the theoretical model and real-world conditions, the calculated upper displacement limit is typically 80% of the actual limit, with a 20% tolerance. This results in a significant difference between the speaker's actual performance and its theoretical maximum structural performance. Furthermore, even with this tolerance, damage caused by the oscillator exceeding its upper displacement limit cannot be completely prevented. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a speaker module and electronic device. By using a capacitor unit composed of a transmitting plate and a receiving plate arranged on the same plane, a capacitor is formed by a dome. The displacement of the dome is then determined in real time based on changes in the capacitor signal. Once the displacement of the dome is detected, timely intervention can be implemented when the displacement approaches its upper limit to prevent damage caused by the dome exceeding the displacement limit. Furthermore, no electrical connection structure is provided on the vibrating dome surface, and the dome does not need to be connected to the circuit board. Therefore, the displacement detection of the dome does not affect the displacement of the dome itself and has no impact on speaker performance.

[0005] To address the aforementioned technical problems, embodiments of this utility model provide a loudspeaker module, comprising: an accommodating space formed by an upper cover and a lower cover, wherein a loudspeaker unit is disposed within the accommodating space, and a capacitor unit is disposed corresponding to the loudspeaker unit; the capacitor unit comprises: a transmitting plate and a receiving plate disposed on the same plane; the loudspeaker unit comprises: a vibrator composed of a dome, a voice coil, and a diaphragm, and a magnet assembly, wherein the interaction between the magnet assembly and the vibrator causes the dome to displace in a first direction; the first direction is the direction in which the dome approaches or moves away from the plane where the transmitting plate is located; the transmitting plate is disposed opposite to the dome, and the receiving plate is disposed opposite to the dome, wherein the transmitting plate forms a capacitor with the receiving plate via the dome; the magnitude of the displacement of the dome in the first direction is determined based on the signal change of the capacitor.

[0006] An embodiment of this utility model also provides an electronic device, including the above-described speaker module.

[0007] Compared to related technologies, the capacitor unit in this embodiment includes a transmitting plate and a receiving plate disposed on the same plane. The transmitting plate forms a capacitor with the receiving plate via a dome. When the dome is displaced in a first direction, the distance between the dome and the transmitting plate, and the distance between the dome and the receiving plate, both change, causing a change in the signal of the formed capacitor. Based on the signal change, the magnitude of the displacement of the dome in the first direction can be determined. After detecting the magnitude of the displacement, timely intervention can be performed when the displacement approaches the upper limit to prevent damage caused by the dome exceeding the displacement limit. In addition, no electrical connection structure is provided on the surface of the vibrating dome, and the dome does not need to be connected to the circuit board. The displacement detection of the dome does not affect the displacement of the dome itself and will not affect the speaker performance.

[0008] In addition, the vibration directions of the dome include: vibration around the X-axis, vibration around the Y-axis, and reciprocating vibration in the first direction; the capacitor unit includes: a first detection unit, a second detection unit, and a third detection unit; the first detection unit is used to detect a first rotation angle generated by the vibration of the dome around the X-axis; the second detection unit is used to detect a second rotation angle generated by the vibration of the dome around the Y-axis; the third detection unit is used to detect the displacement of the dome in the reciprocating vibration in the first direction; the number of receiving plates in the first detection unit and the second detection unit is greater than or equal to two; the number of receiving plates in the third detection unit is greater than or equal to one.

[0009] In addition, when the number of receiving plates in the first detection unit is two, the transmitting plate is located between the two receiving plates, and the transmitting plate and the receiving plate are arranged sequentially in a direction perpendicular to the X-axis.

[0010] In addition, when the number of receiving plates in the first detection unit is four, the four receiving plates are arranged around the transmitting plate, and the pattern formed by the four receiving plates is symmetrical with respect to the X-axis.

[0011] In addition, when the second detection unit has two receiving plates, the transmitting plate is located between the two receiving plates, and the transmitting plate and the receiving plate are arranged sequentially in a direction perpendicular to the Y-axis.

[0012] In addition, when there are four receiving plates, the four receiving plates are arranged around the transmitting plate, and the pattern formed by the four receiving plates is centrally symmetrical with respect to the center of the dome.

[0013] In addition, the dome includes an aluminum foil layer and a foam layer, wherein the aluminum foil layer is disposed opposite to the capacitor unit, and the emitting electrode forms a capacitor with the receiving electrode through the aluminum foil layer.

[0014] In addition, when the dome is a carbon fiber dome, a conductive layer is provided on the surface of the carbon fiber dome facing the capacitor unit, and the emitting electrode forms a capacitor with the receiving electrode through the conductive layer.

[0015] In addition, the speaker module also includes a grounding component; the grounding component is disposed between the transmitting electrode and the receiving electrode. Attached Figure Description

[0016] One or more embodiments are illustrated by way of example with reference numerals in the accompanying drawings. These illustrations do not constitute a limitation on the embodiments. Elements with the same reference numerals in the drawings are denoted as similar elements. Unless otherwise stated, the figures in the drawings are not to be limited by scale.

[0017] Figure 1 This is an exploded structural diagram of a speaker module according to an embodiment of this solution;

[0018] Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of a speaker module according to an embodiment of this solution;

[0019] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of a speaker module according to an embodiment of this solution;

[0020] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of another speaker module according to an embodiment of this solution;

[0021] Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of a speaker unit of a speaker module according to an embodiment of this solution;

[0022] Figure 6 This is a structural schematic diagram of a capacitor unit in a speaker module according to an embodiment of this solution;

[0023] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the electric field flow of a speaker module according to an embodiment of this solution;

[0024] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the vibration direction of a speaker module according to an embodiment of this solution;

[0025] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of another capacitor unit of a speaker module according to an embodiment of this solution;

[0026] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of another electric field direction of a speaker module according to an embodiment of this solution;

[0027] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram showing the tilt of the vibrator of a speaker module according to an embodiment of this solution;

[0028] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the electric field direction when the vibrator of a speaker module is tilted according to an embodiment of this solution;

[0029] Figure 13 This is a structural schematic diagram of another capacitor unit of a speaker module according to an embodiment of this solution;

[0030] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the dome structure of a speaker module according to an embodiment of this solution;

[0031] Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of another electric field direction of a speaker module according to an embodiment of this solution;

[0032] Figure 16 This is a schematic diagram of the electric field flow when the aluminum foil of a speaker module is used as the emitting electrode in an embodiment of this solution;

[0033] Figure 17 This is a schematic diagram of the capacitor unit structure in the case of a speaker module with the dome as the emitting electrode according to an embodiment of this solution;

[0034] Figure 18 This is a flowchart illustrating an application example of a speaker module according to an embodiment of this solution. Detailed Implementation

[0035] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this utility model clearer, the various embodiments of this utility model will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, those skilled in the art will understand that many technical details have been provided in the various embodiments of this utility model to enable the reader to better understand this utility model. However, the technical solutions claimed by this utility model can be implemented even without these technical details and various changes and modifications based on the following embodiments.

[0036] The division of the following embodiments is for ease of description and should not constitute any limitation on the specific implementation of this utility model. The various embodiments can be combined with or referenced by each other without contradiction.

[0037] Embodiments of this utility model relate to a speaker module, such as... Figures 1 to 2 As shown, the speaker module includes: an accommodating space formed by an upper cover 11 and a lower cover 12, within which a speaker unit 2 is disposed, and a capacitor unit 3 is disposed corresponding to the speaker unit 2; the capacitor unit 3 includes: a transmitting electrode plate and a receiving electrode plate disposed on the same plane. Figure 3 or Figure 5 As shown, Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of the speaker module containing the speaker unit. Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of a loudspeaker unit. The capacitor unit 3 can be mounted on the top cover 11. The loudspeaker unit includes: an oscillator 21 composed of a dome 211, a voice coil 212, and a diaphragm 213; and a magnet assembly 22. The interaction between the magnet assembly 22 and the oscillator 21 causes the dome 211 to displace in a first direction. When the dome reciprocates, it causes the air in the front cavity 231 to vibrate, which in turn causes the ambient air to vibrate, emitting sound through the sound outlet 233. The first direction is the direction in which the dome approaches or moves away from the plane where the transmitting plate is located. The transmitting plate and the dome are positioned opposite each other, and the receiving plate and the dome are also positioned opposite each other. The transmitting plate forms a capacitor with the receiving plate through the dome. The magnitude of the displacement of the dome in the first direction is determined based on the signal change of the capacitor. Additionally, as... Figure 4 As shown, the capacitor unit can also be disposed on the magnet assembly 22 in the area directly opposite the dome 211. This method has higher integration and is not affected by the precision of the second assembly. The magnet assembly 22 is disposed in the rear cavity 232. The magnet assembly consists of a magnetic cup disposed in the lower cover 12, side magnets disposed at both ends of the magnetic cup, and a central magnet disposed in the central area of ​​the magnetic cup, as shown. Figure 4 The capacitor unit shown is positioned on the center magnet.

[0038] Compared to related technologies, the capacitor unit in this embodiment includes a transmitting plate and a receiving plate disposed on the same plane. The transmitting plate forms a capacitor with the receiving plate via a dome. When the dome is displaced in a first direction, the distance between the dome and the transmitting plate, and the distance between the dome and the receiving plate, both change, causing a change in the signal of the formed capacitor. Based on the signal change, the magnitude of the displacement of the dome in the first direction can be determined. After detecting the magnitude of the displacement, timely intervention can be performed when the displacement approaches the upper limit to prevent damage caused by the dome exceeding the displacement limit. In addition, no electrical connection structure is provided on the surface of the vibrating dome, and the dome does not need to be connected to the circuit board. The displacement detection of the dome does not affect the displacement of the dome itself and will not affect the speaker performance.

[0039] The pattern of the capacitor unit can be set according to different needs. For example, the simplest pattern can be as follows: Figure 6 As shown, there is one emitter plate Tx and one receiver plate Rx, and the projections of the emitter plate and receiver plate toward the dome fall on the surface of the dome. The electric field direction is as follows: Figure 7 As shown, the energy is transmitted from the transmitting plate Tx to the receiving plate Rx via the dome 211. When the dome 211 moves parallel to the plane containing the transmitting plate, the distance between the dome 211 and both the transmitting and receiving plates decreases. Based on the capacitance formula C = εS / 4πkd, where ε represents the dielectric constant of the medium, determined by the medium between the plates (e.g., air, water), and k represents the electrostatic constant, also known as the Coulomb constant, which indicates that the force between two point charges, each with a charge of 1C, separated by a distance of 1m in a vacuum is 8.987551 × 10⁻⁶. 9 N, i.e., k = 8.987551 × 10 9 N·m 2 / C; S represents the area (projected area) of the two plates facing each other; d represents the perpendicular distance between the two plates; π represents pi. It can be seen that the capacitance signal increases, and the parallel movement distance of the dome can be determined based on the change in the capacitance signal.

[0040] However, as Figure 8 As shown, in some loudspeaker units, the vibration directions of the dome include: vibration around the X-axis, vibration around the Y-axis, and reciprocating vibration in a first direction. In this case, a corresponding detection unit can be provided for each vibration direction. For example, the capacitor unit includes: a first detection unit, a second detection unit, and a third detection unit; the first detection unit is used to detect the first rotation angle generated by the vibration of the dome around the X-axis; the second detection unit is used to detect the second rotation angle generated by the vibration of the dome around the Y-axis; and the third detection unit is used to detect the displacement of the dome during reciprocating vibration in the first direction. The first and second detection units have two or more receiving plates; the third detection unit has one or more receiving plates.

[0041] like Figure 9 As shown, when the first detection unit has two receiving plates (Rx1 and Rx2), the transmitting plate is positioned between the two receiving plates, and the transmitting and receiving plates are arranged sequentially in a direction perpendicular to the X-axis. The electric field direction is as follows: Figure 10 As shown, the transmitting plate Tx, located in the middle, is split into two paths via the dome 211 and transmitted to the receiving plates Rx1 and Rx2 located on both sides of the transmitting plate. That is, Tx and Rx1 form a capacitor C1, and Tx and Rx2 form another capacitor C2. Signals from Rx1 and Rx2 are received through different interfaces. Because the dome vibrates around the X-axis, as... Figure 11 As shown, the angle between the dome and the magnet assembly 22 changes; this change in angle is the first rotation angle. Figure 12 As shown, the capacitances of the two capacitors C1 and C2 formed by the emitter plate and receiver plate in the capacitor unit and the dome change. The first rotation angle can be calculated based on the two capacitors, for example, by calculating (1 / C1-1 / C2).

[0042] In addition, such as Figure 13 As shown, when the first detection unit has four receiving plates, the four receiving plates Rx1, Rx2, Rx3, and Rx4 are arranged around the transmitting plate Tx, and the pattern formed by the four receiving plates is symmetrical with respect to the X-axis. This forms a total of four capacitors: Tx and Rx1 form capacitor C1, Tx and Rx2 form capacitor C2, Tx and Rx3 form capacitor C3, and Tx and Rx4 form capacitor C4. Since Rx1 and Rx4 are on one side of the X-axis, and Rx2 and Rx3 are on the other side, when the dome oscillates only around the X-axis, the changes in C1 and C4 are the same, and the changes in C2 and C3 are the same. The signal sensitivity can be improved by accumulating C1 and C4, and similarly by accumulating C2 and C3. Then, the first rotation angle calculation described above is performed on the accumulated signal.

[0043] Similarly, the setup and detection method of the second detection unit are similar to those of the first detection unit, differing only in the rotation axis. For example, when the second detection unit has two receiving plates, the transmitting plate is positioned between the two receiving plates, and the transmitting and receiving plates are arranged sequentially in a direction perpendicular to the Y-axis. When the second detection unit has four receiving plates, the four receiving plates are arranged around the transmitting plate.

[0044] Alternatively, the number of receiving plates in the third detection unit can also be set to two, but the parallel displacement of the dome is obtained by calculating (1 / C1+1 / C2) / 2 for the two capacitors C1 and C2 formed.

[0045] When the number of receiving plates in the third detection unit is four, the four receiving plates are arranged around the transmitting plate, and the pattern formed by the four receiving plates is centrally symmetrical with respect to the center of the dome.

[0046] In practice, three separate detection units can be set up for each detection, or a single universal detection unit can be set up to detect swinging and translation. Figure 13 As shown, four receiving plates are arranged around the transmitting plate, and the pattern formed by the four receiving plates is centrally symmetrical with respect to the center of the dome. The resulting capacitances are C1, C2, C3, and C4, respectively. The parallel displacement is calculated using (1 / C1 + 1 / C3) / 2, the first rotation angle around the X-axis is calculated using (1 / C1 - 1 / C2), and the second rotation angle around the Y-axis is evaluated using (1 / C1 - 1 / C4). The above description only illustrates one method of detecting swing and translation. In practice, the changes in C1, C2, C3, and C4 can also be used to determine the distance changes between different positions of the dome and the capacitor units, thereby inferring the distance between the dome and the top cover, the distance between the dome and the magnet assembly, etc. This allows control of the dome's vibration amplitude before friction occurs between the dome and the top cover and the magnet assembly, preventing scratches.

[0047] In addition, when the speaker module only supports parallel movement, due to structural imbalance, load imbalance, and other reasons, the vibrator may tilt, that is, the dome and the top cover form a certain angle. In this case, if only the parallel displacement is calculated, the calculated displacement value may not be consistent with the minimum distance between the dome and the top cover. Therefore, it is necessary to calculate the tilt angle according to the swing calculation method mentioned above, and analyze whether the speaker vibration amplitude needs to be intervened based on the tilt angle and translation displacement.

[0048] In addition, such as Figure 13 As shown, the speaker module also includes a grounding component GND; the grounding component is located between the transmitting plate Tx and the receiving plate Rx, and around the receiving plate Rx. This effectively prevents crosstalk between electric field signals and improves detection accuracy.

[0049] Furthermore, as the structure forming the capacitor, the dome should possess a certain degree of conductivity. If so... Figure 14 As shown, the dome includes an aluminum foil layer and a foam layer, wherein at least one aluminum foil layer is disposed opposite to the capacitor unit, as follows: Figure 15 As shown, the emitting plate Tx forms a capacitor with the receiving plate Rx via an aluminum foil layer, and the electric field is transmitted from the emitting plate to the receiving plate Rx via the aluminum foil layer. When the dome is a carbon fiber dome, a conductive layer can be formed on the surface of the carbon fiber dome facing the capacitor unit through an LDS process, and the emitting plate forms a capacitor with the receiving plate via the conductive layer.

[0050] Furthermore, since the dome is a conductive structure, it can also be connected to the circuit board as a transmitting electrode, and the capacitor unit only needs to include a receiving electrode to form a capacitor. Because the capacitor unit only needs a receiving electrode, the area of ​​each receiving electrode can be increased, thereby increasing the signal strength. Figure 16 As shown, when the dome includes an aluminum foil layer and a foam layer, the electric field direction points from the aluminum foil layer to the receiving electrode. In this case, the capacitor unit can function as follows: Figure 17 As shown, it only includes four receiving plates Rx1, Rx2, Rx3, and Rx4 arranged in a grid pattern. In this structure, the receiving plates and the dome form capacitors C1, C2, C3, and C4. The detection method for rotation angle and displacement based on C1, C2, C3, and C4 is similar to the scheme described above.

[0051] In this embodiment, the capacitor unit can be formed by engraving capacitor patterns on a specific location on a flexible circuit board using laser-direct-structuring (LDS) technology.

[0052] Finally, to facilitate understanding of the correlation between this solution's detection of dome displacement and rotation, and the protection of the speaker module, we will combine... Figure 18 A general explanation of the relationship between the two:

[0053] like Figure 18 As shown, when the speaker module is in operation, it generates music signals and controls the vibration of the oscillator according to the sound effect algorithm. At this time, displacement prediction is performed based on any of the displacement detection structures and methods mentioned in the above embodiments of this solution. Simultaneously, the speaker module performs condition checks for conventional displacement protection and temperature protection. If no problems occur in displacement detection or conventional condition checks, the amplifier outputs power. If any problem occurs in displacement detection or conventional condition checks, the protection algorithm is triggered, and the amplifier output is recalculated. After the amplifier outputs power, the vibration amplitude and state of the speaker module's oscillator change accordingly. Based on the latest state of the speaker module, displacement feedback detection and sway feedback detection are performed. The detection results are fed back in a closed loop to the displacement prediction stage, serving as the basis for whether the speaker module needs to trigger the protection algorithm at the next moment, thereby improving the safety and accuracy of speaker module protection.

[0054] Another feasible embodiment of this utility model relates to an electronic device, including the speaker module as described above.

[0055] Compared with related technologies, the electronic device provided in this embodiment of the present invention is equipped with the speaker module provided in the aforementioned embodiment. Therefore, it also has the same technical effects provided in the aforementioned embodiment, and will not be described in detail here.

[0056] Those skilled in the art will understand that the above embodiments are specific embodiments for implementing the present invention, and in practical applications, various changes can be made to them in form and detail without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A speaker module, characterized in that, include: The accommodating space is composed of an upper cover and a lower cover, and a speaker unit is arranged in the accommodating space, with a capacitor unit arranged corresponding to the speaker unit; The capacitor unit includes: an emitting plate and a receiving plate disposed on the same plane; The loudspeaker unit includes: a vibrator consisting of a dome, a voice coil, and a diaphragm, and a magnet assembly. The magnet assembly interacts with the vibrator to cause the dome to displace in a first direction; the first direction is the direction in which the dome moves closer to or further away from the plane where the emitting electrode is located. The emitting electrode plate is disposed opposite to the dome, and the receiving electrode plate is disposed opposite to the dome. The emitting electrode plate forms a capacitor with the receiving electrode plate through the dome. The magnitude of the displacement of the dome in the first direction is determined based on the signal change of the capacitor.

2. The speaker module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The vibration directions of the dome include: vibration around the X-axis, vibration around the Y-axis, and reciprocating vibration in the first direction; The capacitor unit includes: a first detection unit, a second detection unit, and a third detection unit; The first detection unit is used to detect the first rotation angle generated by the vibration of the dome around the X-axis; The second detection unit is used to detect the second rotation angle generated by the vibration of the spherical dome around the Y-axis. The third detection unit is used to detect the displacement of the dome reciprocating in the first direction; The number of receiving electrodes in the first detection unit and the second detection unit is greater than or equal to two; the number of receiving electrodes in the third detection unit is greater than or equal to one.

3. The speaker module according to claim 2, characterized in that, When the first detection unit has two receiving plates, the transmitting plate is located between the two receiving plates, and the transmitting plate and the receiving plate are arranged sequentially in a direction perpendicular to the X-axis.

4. The speaker module according to claim 2, characterized in that, When the number of receiving plates in the first detection unit is four, the four receiving plates are arranged around the transmitting plate, and the pattern formed by the four receiving plates is symmetrical with respect to the X-axis.

5. The speaker module according to claim 2, characterized in that, When the second detection unit has two receiving plates, the transmitting plate is located between the two receiving plates, and the transmitting plate and the receiving plate are arranged sequentially in a direction perpendicular to the Y-axis.

6. The speaker module according to claim 1, characterized in that, When there are four receiving plates, the four receiving plates are arranged around the transmitting plate, and the pattern formed by the four receiving plates is centrally symmetrical with respect to the center of the dome.

7. The loudspeaker module according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, The dome includes an aluminum foil layer and a foam layer, wherein the aluminum foil layer is disposed opposite to the capacitor unit, and the emitting electrode forms a capacitor with the receiving electrode through the aluminum foil layer.

8. The loudspeaker module according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, When the dome is a carbon fiber dome, a conductive layer is disposed on the surface of the carbon fiber dome facing the capacitor unit, and the emitting electrode forms a capacitor with the receiving electrode through the conductive layer.

9. The speaker module according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: Grounding components; The grounding element is disposed between the transmitting electrode and the receiving electrode.

10. An electronic device, characterized in that, include: The speaker module as described in any one of claims 1 to 9.

Images