Laminate assembly
By setting conductive lines in parallel on the electrode layer of the perovskite cell, the problem of voltage mismatch between perovskite cells and crystalline silicon cells is solved, which improves the performance and efficiency of the stacked module, simplifies the manufacturing process, and reduces costs.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- WUXI UTMOST LIGHT TECH CO LTD
- Filing Date
- 2025-07-11
- Publication Date
- 2026-07-21
AI Technical Summary
When perovskite solar cells and crystalline silicon solar cells are stacked together, voltage mismatch and the cutting and slicing process affect efficiency and load capacity.
By setting conductive lines on the electrode layer of the perovskite solar cell and connecting them to the electrode layer, it is equivalent to parallel impedance, which reduces current loss. The perovskite solar cell and the crystalline silicon solar cell are connected in parallel, avoiding the need for cutting and slicing.
Voltage matching was achieved, which improved battery efficiency and load capacity, reduced power loss, simplified the manufacturing process, and lowered costs.
Smart Images
Figure CN224538669U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the technical field of photovoltaic power generation, and more particularly to a multilayer module. Background Technology
[0002] In the field of photovoltaic power generation, perovskite and crystalline silicon cells can be stacked, with the ends of the perovskite cells connected in parallel with the ends of the crystalline silicon cells to improve photoelectric conversion efficiency. The sheet resistance of the transparent electrode in a perovskite cell is typically above 35 Ω / sqr, resulting in a junction width of generally 4–7 mm. When perovskite and crystalline silicon cells are stacked, the voltage across the perovskite cells is higher than that across the crystalline silicon cells, failing to meet the voltage matching requirements when they are connected in parallel. For example, the voltage range across the perovskite cells is generally 130–150 V, while the voltage range across the crystalline silicon cells is generally 45–100 V. In existing technologies, crystalline silicon cells can be diced into wafers to increase the voltage across them. However, the dicing process affects the efficiency of the crystalline silicon cells. Furthermore, the diced silicon wafers are prone to microcracks, weakening the load-bearing capacity of the crystalline silicon cells. Utility Model Content
[0003] This invention provides a stacked assembly to achieve voltage matching of different types of batteries, while ensuring battery efficiency and load capacity, thereby improving the performance of the stacked assembly.
[0004] In a first aspect, embodiments of the present invention provide a stacked assembly, including a crystalline silicon solar cell, an encapsulation layer, and a perovskite solar cell stacked together. The perovskite solar cell stack includes a plurality of cells arranged along a first direction. Each cell includes a first electrode layer, a power generation functional layer, a second electrode layer, and a first conductive line stacked together. The first conductive line is connected to the first electrode layer and / or the second electrode layer and extends along the first direction.
[0005] Optionally, the first conductive line includes a first conductive line on a first side and a first conductive line on a second side, wherein the first conductive line on the first side is connected to the first electrode layer and the first conductive line on the second side is connected to the second electrode layer.
[0006] Optionally, the first conductive line includes multiple first conductive lines on the first side and multiple first conductive lines on the second side, wherein the multiple first conductive lines on the first side are arranged at equal intervals along the second direction, and the multiple first conductive lines on the second side are arranged at equal intervals along the second direction; wherein the second direction intersects with the first direction.
[0007] Optionally, the spacing between adjacent first conductive lines on the first side is in the range of 0.5-2mm, and the spacing between adjacent first conductive lines on the second side is in the range of 0.5-2mm.
[0008] Optionally, the battery further includes at least one second conductive line, which is disposed in the same layer as the first conductive line on the first side and / or the first conductive line on the second side, and the second conductive line extends along a second direction.
[0009] Optionally, the plurality of second conductive lines include a plurality of first-side second conductive lines and a plurality of second-side second conductive lines, wherein the first-side second conductive lines are disposed in the same layer as the first-side first conductive lines, and the second-side second conductive lines are disposed in the same layer as the second-side first conductive lines.
[0010] Optionally, the width of the first conductive wire is in the range of 0.001-1mm, and the thickness of the first conductive wire is in the range of 0.001-1mm.
[0011] Optionally, the material of the first conductive wire includes a low-temperature conductive adhesive; wherein the low-temperature curing temperature of the low-temperature conductive adhesive is less than or equal to 200°C.
[0012] Optionally, the battery further includes a protective layer, wherein the first electrode layer is disposed adjacent to the protective layer, and the second electrode layer is disposed adjacent to the encapsulation layer.
[0013] Optionally, the battery further includes an extension integrally formed with the second electrode layer, the extension extending along the thickness direction of the first electrode layer and contacting and connecting with the first electrode layer of another battery.
[0014] The technical solution of this utility model embodiment, by setting a first conductive line connected to the first electrode layer and / or the second electrode layer and extending along the first direction, is equivalent to the equivalent impedance of the first conductive line being in parallel with the equivalent impedance of the first electrode layer and / or the second electrode layer. This reduces the equivalent impedance of the first electrode layer and / or the second electrode layer, thereby reducing power loss of current in the first electrode layer and / or the second electrode layer and improving the output power of the battery. Simultaneously, it reduces the power loss limitation on the width of each battery along the first direction. When the width of the perovskite battery pack along the first direction remains constant, the number of batteries in the perovskite battery pack along the first direction can be reduced. When multiple batteries are connected in series along the first direction, the voltage of the perovskite battery pack can be reduced. When the perovskite battery pack and the crystalline silicon battery pack are connected in parallel, the voltage of the perovskite battery pack can be matched with the voltage of the crystalline silicon battery pack, achieving parallel connection of the perovskite battery pack and the crystalline silicon battery pack. At the same time, it avoids cutting and slicing the crystalline silicon battery pack, ensuring the efficiency and load capacity of the crystalline silicon battery pack, thereby improving the overall performance of the stacked module. Attached Figure Description
[0015] Figure 1 A cross-sectional structural diagram of a stacked assembly provided for an embodiment of this utility model;
[0016] Figure 2 A schematic diagram illustrating the principle of parallel connection of crystalline silicon solar cell and perovskite solar cell in a stacked module provided by this utility model;
[0017] Figure 3 A three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of a perovskite battery pack provided by this utility model;
[0018] Figure 4 A schematic diagram illustrating the principle of parallel connection of crystalline silicon solar cells and perovskite solar cells in a stacked module, provided for related technologies;
[0019] Figure 5 A cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of another stacked component provided in an embodiment of this utility model;
[0020] Figure 6 for Figure 5 A top view of the first electrode layer is provided.
[0021] Figure 7 for Figure 5 A bottom view of the second electrode layer is provided.
[0022] Figure 8 A three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of another perovskite battery pack provided by this utility model;
[0023] Figure 9 A top view of the structure of the first electrode layer provided by this utility model;
[0024] Figure 10 A bottom view of the structure of the second electrode layer provided by this utility model. Detailed Implementation
[0025] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present invention and not intended to limit it. Furthermore, it should be noted that, for ease of description, the accompanying drawings show only the parts relevant to the present invention, not the entire structure.
[0026] Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of a stacked assembly provided in an embodiment of the present utility model. Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the principle of parallel connection of a crystalline silicon solar cell pack and a perovskite solar cell pack in a stacked module provided by this utility model. Figure 3This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of a perovskite battery pack provided by this utility model. Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the stacked assembly includes a crystalline silicon solar cell 10, an encapsulation layer 20, and a perovskite solar cell 30 stacked together. The perovskite solar cell 30 includes a plurality of cells 310 arranged along a first direction X. Each cell 310 includes a first electrode layer 311, a power generation functional layer 313, a second electrode layer 315, and a first conductive line 316 stacked together. The first conductive line 316 is connected to the first electrode layer 311 and / or the second electrode layer 315 and extends along the first direction X.
[0027] Specifically, the wavelength of light used by the crystalline silicon solar cell 10 to convert light energy into electrical energy is different from the wavelength of light used by the perovskite solar cell 30 to convert light energy into electrical energy. The encapsulation layer 20 is used to encapsulate and protect the crystalline silicon solar cell 10. For example, the material of the encapsulation layer 20 can be a film. The first electrode layer 311 and the second electrode layer 315 of the perovskite solar cell 30 are transparent electrode layers. By setting the crystalline silicon solar cell 10 and the perovskite solar cell 30 in a stacked configuration, both the crystalline silicon solar cell 10 and the perovskite solar cell 30 can simultaneously utilize light energy to generate electrical energy, improving light energy utilization and thus increasing the efficiency of the stacked module. For example, the materials of the first electrode layer 311 and the second electrode layer 315 can be transparent conductive oxides (TCOs), such as at least one of fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO), indium tin oxide (ITO), aluminum zinc oxide (AZO), and indium tungsten oxide (IWO). This ensures the light transmittance and conductivity of the first electrode layer 311 and the second electrode layer 315.
[0028] Continue to refer to Figure 1 The battery 310 may further include a first charge transport layer 132 and a second charge transport layer 134. The first charge transport layer 132 is disposed between the first electrode layer 131 and the power generation functional layer 133, and the second charge transport layer 134 is disposed between the power generation functional layer 133 and the second electrode layer 135. The first charge transport layer 132 and the second charge transport layer 134 can improve the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the battery 310, thereby improving the performance of the battery 310.
[0029] The first electrode layer 311 and the second electrode layer 315 of the perovskite solar cell 30 have relatively high resistance. A first conductive line 316 is provided to connect the first electrode layer 311 and / or the second electrode layer 315, extending along the first direction X. When multiple cells 310 are arranged and connected along the first direction X, the current transmission direction on the first electrode layer 311 and / or the second electrode layer 315 is the first direction X, and the distance transmitted on the first electrode layer 311 and / or the second electrode layer 315 is the width of the cell 310 along the first direction X. At this time, a first conductive line 316 extending along the first direction X is provided on the first electrode layer 311 and / or the second electrode layer 315. Figure 1 The example shows a first conductive line 316 extending along a first direction X on a first electrode layer 311. Figure 3 An exemplary illustration shows a first conductive line 316 extending along a first direction X on a second electrode layer 315. The first conductive line 316 is connected to the first electrode layer 311 and / or the second electrode layer 315, allowing current to also flow through the first conductive line 316. This is equivalent to the equivalent impedance of the first conductive line 316 being connected in parallel with the equivalent impedance of the first electrode layer 311 and / or the second electrode layer 315. For example, when the first conductive line 316 is connected to the first electrode layer 311, it is equivalent to the impedance of the first conductive line 316 being connected in parallel with the impedance of the first electrode layer 311. When the first conductive line 316 is connected to the second electrode layer 315, it is equivalent to the impedance of the first conductive line 316 being connected in parallel with the impedance of the second electrode layer 315. When at least one first conductive line 316 is connected to the first electrode layer 311 and at least one first conductive line 316 is connected to the second electrode layer 315, the impedance of the first electrode layer 311 is equivalent to the impedance of at least one first conductive line 316 in parallel with the impedance of the first electrode layer 311, and the impedance of the second electrode layer 315 is equivalent to the impedance of at least one first conductive line 316 in parallel with the impedance of the second electrode layer 315. This reduces the equivalent impedance when current flows through the first electrode layer 311 and / or the second electrode layer 315, reduces power loss in the first electrode layer 311 and / or the second electrode layer 315, and increases the output power of the battery 310. Simultaneously, it reduces the power loss limitation on the width of each battery 310 along the first direction X. When the width of the perovskite battery pack 30 along the first direction X remains constant, the number of batteries 310 in the perovskite battery pack 30 along the first direction X can be reduced. When multiple batteries 310 are connected in series along the first direction X, the voltage of the perovskite battery pack 30 can be reduced. For example, Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the principle of parallel connection between a crystalline silicon solar cell array and a perovskite solar cell array in a tandem module, providing insights into related technologies. Figure 2 and Figure 4As shown, when the width of the perovskite solar cell pack 30 along the first direction X remains constant, in related technologies, the number of cells 310 divided by the perovskite solar cell pack 30 along the first direction X is relatively large. In this embodiment, the number of cells 310 divided by the perovskite solar cell pack 30 along the first direction X is relatively small. When multiple cells 310 are connected in series along the first direction X, the voltage of the perovskite solar cell pack 30 in this embodiment is lower than the voltage of the perovskite solar cell pack 30 in related technologies, i.e., the voltage of the perovskite solar cell pack 30 is reduced. When the positive electrode P1+ of the perovskite solar cell pack 30 is connected to the positive electrode P2+ of the crystalline silicon solar cell pack 10 through the first connecting line L1, and the negative electrode P1- of the perovskite solar cell pack 30 is connected to the negative electrode P2- of the crystalline silicon solar cell pack 10 through the second connecting line L2, the voltage of the perovskite solar cell pack 30 can be matched with the voltage of the crystalline silicon solar cell pack 10, realizing the parallel connection of the perovskite solar cell pack 30 and the crystalline silicon solar cell pack 10. At the same time, it can avoid cutting and slicing the crystalline silicon solar cell 10, ensuring the efficiency and load capacity of the crystalline silicon solar cell 10, thereby improving the overall performance of the tandem module.
[0030] In some embodiments, the resistivity of the material of the first conductive line 316 may be set to be less than the resistivity of the transparent electrode material in the first electrode layer 311 and / or the second electrode layer 315. With the first conductive line 316 disposed on the first electrode layer 311 and / or the second electrode layer 315, the current on the first electrode layer 311 and / or the second electrode layer 315 can be collected, further reducing the equivalent impedance when current passes through the first electrode layer 311 and / or the second electrode layer 315, and further reducing the power loss when current passes through the first electrode layer 311 and / or the second electrode layer 315, as well as the number of cells 310 in the perovskite battery pack 30 along the first direction X. For example, the material of the first conductive line 316 may include a metal.
[0031] The technical solution of this embodiment, by setting a first conductive line connected to the first electrode layer and / or the second electrode layer and extending along the first direction, is equivalent to the equivalent impedance of the first conductive line being in parallel with the equivalent impedance of the first electrode layer and / or the second electrode layer. This reduces the equivalent impedance of the first electrode layer and / or the second electrode layer, thereby reducing power loss of current in the first electrode layer and / or the second electrode layer and improving the output power of the battery. Simultaneously, it reduces the limitation of power loss on the width of each battery along the first direction. When the width of the perovskite battery pack along the first direction remains constant, the number of batteries in the perovskite battery pack along the first direction can be reduced. When multiple batteries are connected in series along the first direction, the voltage of the perovskite battery pack can be reduced. When the perovskite battery pack and the crystalline silicon battery pack are connected in parallel, the voltage of the perovskite battery pack can be matched with the voltage of the crystalline silicon battery pack, realizing the parallel connection of the perovskite battery pack and the crystalline silicon battery pack. At the same time, it avoids cutting and slicing the crystalline silicon battery pack, ensuring the efficiency and load capacity of the crystalline silicon battery pack, thereby improving the overall performance of the multilayer module.
[0032] Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of another stacked component provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 6 for Figure 5 The provided schematic diagram shows the top view of the first electrode layer. Figure 7 for Figure 5 A bottom view of the second electrode layer is provided. Figures 5 to 7 As shown, the first conductive line 316 includes a first conductive line 3161 on a first side and a first conductive line 3162 on a second side. The first conductive line 3161 on the first side is connected to the first electrode layer 311, and the first conductive line 3162 on the second side is connected to the second electrode layer 315.
[0033] Specifically, a first conductive line 3161 is disposed on the surface of the first electrode layer 311 on the side away from the power generation functional layer 313, thereby connecting the first conductive line 3161 to the first electrode layer 311. The impedance of current flowing through the first electrode layer 311 is the equivalent impedance of the impedance of the first conductive line 3161 and the impedance of the first electrode layer 311 connected in parallel, thus reducing the impedance when current flows through the first electrode layer 311. Similarly, a second conductive line 3162 is disposed on the surface of the second electrode layer 315 on the side away from the power generation functional layer 313, thereby connecting the second conductive line 3162 to the second electrode layer 315. The impedance of current flowing through the second electrode layer 315 is the equivalent impedance of the impedance of the second conductive line 3162 and the impedance of the second electrode layer 315 connected in parallel, thus reducing the impedance when current flows through the second electrode layer 315. This reduces the power loss of current in the first electrode layer 311 and the second electrode layer 315, thereby increasing the output power of the battery 310. Simultaneously, power loss can be reduced by limiting the width of each cell 310 along the first direction X. When the width of the perovskite cell pack 30 along the first direction X remains constant, the number of cells 310 in the perovskite cell pack 30 along the first direction X can be reduced, thus decreasing the voltage of the perovskite cell pack 30. When the perovskite cell pack 30 is connected in parallel with the crystalline silicon cell pack 10, the voltage of the perovskite cell pack 30 can be matched with the voltage of the crystalline silicon cell pack 10, achieving parallel connection between the perovskite cell pack 30 and the crystalline silicon cell pack 10. At the same time, it avoids the need to cut and slice the crystalline silicon cell pack 10, ensuring the efficiency and load capacity of the crystalline silicon cell pack 10, thereby improving the overall performance of the tandem module.
[0034] Continue to refer to Figures 5 to 7 The first conductive line 316 includes multiple first conductive lines 3161 on a first side and multiple first conductive lines 3162 on a second side. The multiple first conductive lines 3161 on the first side are arranged at equal intervals along the second direction Y, and the multiple first conductive lines 3162 on the second side are arranged at equal intervals along the second direction Y; wherein, the second direction Y intersects with the first direction X.
[0035] Specifically, multiple first-side conductive lines 3161 are arranged at equal intervals along the second direction Y on the first electrode layer 311, meaning that the multiple first-side conductive lines 3161 are uniformly distributed on the first electrode layer 311. This allows the multiple first-side conductive lines 3161 to collect currents at different locations on the first electrode layer 311, and ensures that the current is evenly distributed when passing through the first electrode layer 311, improving the uniformity of power loss distribution on the first electrode layer 311 and avoiding local overheating of the first electrode layer 311. Similarly, multiple second-side conductive lines 3162 are arranged at equal intervals along the second direction Y on the second electrode layer 315, meaning that the multiple second-side first conductive lines 3162 are uniformly distributed on the second electrode layer 315. This allows the first conductive line 3162 on the second side to collect currents at different locations on the second electrode layer 315, and makes the current distribution uniform when passing through the second electrode layer 315, thereby improving the uniformity of power loss distribution on the second electrode layer 315 and avoiding local overheating of the second electrode layer 315.
[0036] Continue to refer to Figures 5 to 7 The spacing between adjacent first conductive lines on the first side is 0.5-2mm, and the spacing between adjacent first conductive lines on the second side is 0.5-2mm.
[0037] Specifically, when the material of the first conductive line 316 includes metal, the light transmittance of the first conductive line 316 is relatively poor. In this case, setting the spacing between adjacent first conductive lines 316 to be greater than or equal to 0.5 mm can ensure the transmittance of light passing through the first conductive line 3161 on the first side to the light-emitting functional layer 313, thereby ensuring the output power of the perovskite solar cell 30. At the same time, it can also ensure the transmittance of light passing through the second conductive line 3162 on the second side to the crystalline silicon solar cell 10, ensuring the output power of the crystalline silicon solar cell 10. Moreover, the spacing between adjacent first conductive lines 316 is less than or equal to 2 mm, which can ensure the number of first conductive lines 3161 on the first side and second conductive lines 3162 on the second side, thereby minimizing the equivalent resistance when current passes through the first electrode layer 311 and the second electrode layer 315, and reducing the power loss when current passes through the first electrode layer 311 and the second electrode layer 315. For example, the spacing between adjacent first conductive lines 316 can be 1 mm.
[0038] It should be noted that the spacing between adjacent first conductive lines 3161 on the first side and the spacing between adjacent first conductive lines 3162 on the second side can be equal or unequal, and no limitation is made here. In addition, the first conductive lines 3161 on the first side and the first conductive lines 3162 on the second side can be arranged to overlap, that is, the orthogonal projections of the first conductive lines 3161 on the first side and the first conductive lines 3162 on the second side on the power generation functional layer 313 at least partially overlap, which can reduce the light blocked by the first conductive lines 3161 on the first side and the first conductive lines 3162 on the second side.
[0039] In some embodiments, the width of the first conductive line 316 ranges from 0.001 to 1 mm, and the thickness of the first conductive line 316 ranges from 0.001 to 1 mm. By reducing the impact of the first conductive line 316 on light obstruction, the resistance of the first conductive line 316 can be reduced, thereby improving the overall output power of the battery 310 and consequently increasing the output power of the perovskite battery pack 30.
[0040] It should be noted that the width of the first conductive line 3161 on the first side and the width of the first conductive line 3162 on the second side can be equal or unequal, as long as both the width of the first conductive line 3161 on the first side and the width of the first conductive line 3162 on the second side are within the range of 0.001-1mm. The thickness of the first conductive line 3161 on the first side and the thickness of the first conductive line 3162 on the second side can be equal or unequal, as long as both the thickness of the first conductive line 3161 on the first side and the thickness of the first conductive line 3162 on the second side are within the range of 0.001-1mm.
[0041] In some embodiments, the material of the first conductive wire includes a low-temperature conductive adhesive; wherein the low-temperature conductive adhesive has a low-temperature curing temperature of less than or equal to 200°C.
[0042] Specifically, the conductive adhesive can include a colloid and conductive particles. The colloid can be a resin system, such as silicone, acrylic, and epoxy, to ensure the light transmittance of the first conductive line. The conductive particles can be made of metals such as gold, silver, copper, silver-plated copper, and silver-plated nickel to ensure the conductivity of the first conductive line. Moreover, the low-temperature conductive adhesive has a curing temperature of less than or equal to 200°C, which is beneficial for the curing of the first conductive line during the manufacturing process.
[0043] Figure 8 A three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of another perovskite battery pack provided by this utility model. (See diagram below.) Figure 8 As shown, the battery 310 also includes at least one second conductive line 317, which is disposed in the same layer as the first conductive line 3161 on the first side and / or the first conductive line 3162 on the second side, and the second conductive line 317 extends along the second direction Y.
[0044] Specifically, Figure 8The illustration exemplarily shows multiple second conductive lines 317 disposed on the second electrode layer 315, co-layered with the second-side first conductive line 3162. The multiple second conductive lines 317 are arranged along a first direction X, and their extension directions intersect with the extension directions of the second-side first conductive line 3162, causing the second-side first conductive line 3162 to intersect with the second conductive line 317. At this time, the second conductive lines 317 and the second-side first conductive line 3162 form a mesh of conductive lines on the second electrode layer 315, thereby further reducing the equivalent resistance when current flows through the second electrode layer 315, thus reducing power loss when current flows through the second electrode layer 315 and improving the output power of the perovskite solar cell 30.
[0045] In some embodiments, multiple second conductive lines 317 may be disposed on the first electrode layer 311, in the same layer as the first conductive line 3161 on the first side. The multiple second conductive lines 317 are arranged along the first direction X, and their extension directions intersect with the extension direction of the first conductive line 3161 on the first side, causing the first conductive line 3161 on the first side to intersect with the second conductive lines 317. At this time, the second conductive lines 317 and the first conductive line 3161 on the first side form a mesh of conductive lines on the first electrode layer 311, thereby further reducing the equivalent resistance when current flows through the first electrode layer 311, thus reducing power loss when current flows through the first electrode layer 311 and increasing the output power of the perovskite battery pack 30. Simultaneously, the number of cells 310 in the perovskite battery pack 30 can be further reduced, further lowering the voltage of the perovskite battery pack 30.
[0046] In some embodiments, the first conductive line 316 and the second conductive line 317 may be made of the same material, such as both being metals. When the resistivity of the second conductive line 317 is less than the resistivity of the first electrode layer 311 and / or the second electrode layer 315, the current on the first electrode layer 311 and / or the second electrode layer 315 can be combined, which can further reduce the power loss when the current passes through the first electrode layer 311 and / or the second electrode layer 315, improve the output power of the perovskite battery pack 30, and reduce the voltage of the perovskite battery pack 30.
[0047] Figure 9 This is a top view of the structure of the first electrode layer provided by this utility model. Figure 10 This is a bottom view schematic diagram of the second electrode layer provided by this utility model. Figure 9 and Figure 10As shown, the multiple second conductive lines 317 include multiple first-side second conductive lines 3171 and multiple second-side second conductive lines 3172. The first-side second conductive lines 3171 are arranged in the same layer as the first-side first conductive lines 3161, and the second-side second conductive lines 3172 are arranged in the same layer as the second-side first conductive lines 3162.
[0048] Specifically, the second conductive line 3171 on the first side and the first conductive line 3161 on the first side are arranged in the same layer but extend in different directions, forming a mesh of conductive lines on the first electrode layer 311. This further reduces the equivalent resistance when current flows through the first electrode layer 311. Similarly, the second conductive line 3172 on the second side and the first conductive line 3162 on the second side are arranged in the same layer but extend in different directions, forming a mesh of conductive lines on the second electrode layer 315. This further reduces the equivalent resistance when current flows through the second electrode layer 315. Consequently, the number of cells 310 in the perovskite solar cell pack 30 can be further reduced, and the voltage of the perovskite solar cell pack 30 can be further lowered.
[0049] It should be noted that the number of the second conductive wire 3171 on the first side and the second conductive wire 3172 on the second side can be the same or different, and no limitation is made here.
[0050] Continue to refer to Figure 3 and Figure 8 The battery 310 also includes a protective layer 318, a first electrode layer 311 is disposed adjacent to the protective layer 318, and a second electrode layer 315 is disposed adjacent to the encapsulation layer 20.
[0051] Specifically, the protective layer 318 can be a glass with high transmittance, which can not only protect and encapsulate the other films of the perovskite solar cell 30, but also ensure the incident rate of light and the efficiency of the perovskite solar cell 30 and the crystalline silicon solar cell 10.
[0052] For example, when light passes through the protective layer 318, the first electrode layer 311, and the first charge transport layer 312 and reaches the power generation functional layer 313, the power generation functional layer 130 can generate new electron-hole pairs. The direction of the pn junction electric field in the power generation functional layer 130 points towards the p-region. When the direction of the pn junction electric field in the power generation functional layer 130 points towards the second charge transport layer 314, electrons are transported through the first charge transport layer 312 to the first electrode layer 311, and holes are transported through the second charge transport layer 314 to the second electrode layer 315. An electric field is formed between the first electrode layer 311 and the second electrode layer 315, creating a potential difference between the two electrodes of the battery 310, which is the voltage that the battery 310 can provide. For example, the output voltage of the battery 310 can be 1.1V. In this case, the first electrode layer 311 can be the negative electrode of the battery 310, and the second electrode layer 315 can be the positive electrode of the battery 310. The first charge transport layer 312 is an electron transport layer, and the second charge transport layer 314 is a hole transport layer. In other embodiments, the direction of the electric field of the pn junction in the power generation functional layer 313 can be set to point towards the first charge transport layer 312. In this case, the transport directions of holes and electrons are reversed, the first electrode layer 311 of the battery 310 is the positive electrode of the battery 310, the second electrode layer 315 is the negative electrode of the battery 310, the first charge transport layer 312 is the hole transport layer, and the second charge transport layer 314 is the electron transport layer. This is not limited here.
[0053] In some embodiments, the stacked assembly may further include an encapsulating film 40, which is disposed on the side of the crystalline silicon solar cell 10 away from the encapsulation layer 20, for encapsulating and protecting the crystalline silicon solar cell 10 on the side away from the encapsulation layer 20, thereby improving the lifespan of the crystalline silicon solar cell 10.
[0054] In some embodiments, the stacked assembly may further include a back glass 50 disposed on the side of the encapsulating film 40 away from the crystalline silicon cell 10 for protecting other structures of the stacked assembly.
[0055] Continue to refer to Figure 3 and Figure 8 The battery 310 also includes an extension 319, which is integrally formed with the second electrode layer 315. The extension 319 extends along the thickness direction Z of the first electrode layer 311 and is in contact with the first electrode layer 311 of the other battery 310.
[0056] Specifically, the perovskite solar cell 30 includes multiple cells 310. When forming the multiple cells 310, the protective layer 318 can be cleaned first, i.e., the high-transparency glass can be cleaned. Then, a first conductive layer 3161 is applied to the protective layer 318. For example, the first conductive layer 3161 can be applied by methods such as vapor deposition and screen printing. Then, a first electrode film is formed on the protective layer 318, and a first groove is formed on the first electrode film by laser scribing, thus disconnecting the first electrode layers 311 corresponding to adjacent cells 310. Then, a first charge transport film, a power generation film, and a second charge transport film are sequentially formed on the first electrode layer 311. Then, a second groove is formed on the first charge transport film, the power generation film, and the second charge transport film by laser scribing, thus disconnecting the first charge transport layers 312 corresponding to adjacent cells 310, as well as the power generation layers 313 and the second charge transport layers 314 corresponding to adjacent cells 310. Then, a second electrode layer 315 and an extension 319 are integrally formed on the second charge transport layer 314, connecting the second electrode layer 315 and the extension 319. Simultaneously, the extension 319 can extend along the thickness direction Z of the first electrode layer 311 to the bottom of the second groove and contact the first electrode layer 311 of the adjacent battery 310. This allows the first electrode layer 311 and the second electrode layer 315 of the adjacent battery 310 to be connected via the extension 319, achieving a series connection between adjacent batteries 310. Furthermore, it avoids the need for additional conductive lines, simplifying the process and reducing the difficulty of connecting the batteries 310 in series. A third groove can then be formed between adjacent batteries 310 by laser scribing to disconnect the second electrode layer 315 between adjacent batteries 310. The film layer can then be removed by laser along the periphery of the stacked assembly. Finally, a second-side first conductive line 3162 is attached to the second electrode layer 315. For example, the second-side first conductive layer 3162 can be applied by methods such as vapor deposition and screen printing, or it can be applied by lamination coupling using copper and silver wires integrated with the encapsulating film. In this case, when the perovskite solar cell 30 is damaged during subsequent repairs of the stacked module, only other films in the perovskite solar cell 30 need to be replaced, and the second-side first conductive layer 3162 can be reused, reducing the later maintenance cost of the stacked module.
[0057] After the perovskite solar cell 30 is formed, the busbar structure inside the perovskite solar cell 30 can be laid. Then, the encapsulation layer 20 between the perovskite solar cell 30 and the crystalline silicon solar cell 10, the crystalline silicon solar cell 10, and the encapsulating film 40 on the side of the crystalline silicon solar cell 10 away from the encapsulation layer 20 are laid sequentially. Finally, the back glass 50 is bonded together and subjected to high temperature and high pressure lamination to form the laminated module.
[0058] In some embodiments, when the perovskite solar cell array 30 forms multiple cells 310 by laser scribing, there is a dead zone between adjacent cells 310. The following example illustrates the voltage variation of the perovskite solar cell array 30. For example... Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, when the first conductive line 316 includes a first-side first conductive line 3161 and a second-side first conductive line 3162, the first-side first conductive line 3161 is disposed on the first electrode layer 311, and the second-side first conductive line 3162 is disposed on the second electrode layer 315. The perovskite solar cell has dimensions of 1154*7mm, an efficiency of 20.9%, and a current density of 230A / m. 2The first electrode layer 311 is made of FTO with a resistivity of 5.20E-06 and a thickness of 6.50E-07. The second electrode layer 315 is also made of FTO with a resistivity of 5.20E-06 and a thickness of 6.50E-07. The first conductive lines 3161 and 3162 on the first and second sides are made of silver with a resistivity of 1.60E-08, a width of 10 μm, and a thickness of 7 μm. The spacing between adjacent first conductive lines 3161 on the first side and adjacent first conductive lines 3162 on the second side is 1 mm. Table 1 shows the power loss of a stacked assembly under different current-commutating methods according to an embodiment of the present invention. The first current-commutating method is a current-commutating method where there are no first conductive lines on the first and second electrode layers of the battery, and the second current-commutating method is a current-commutating method where first conductive lines are provided on the first and second electrode layers of the battery. The number of batteries refers to the number of batteries 310 included in the perovskite battery pack 30 along the first direction X. The width is the length of battery 310 along the first direction X. P1 is the power loss of the second electrode layer 315 in battery 310, P2 is the power loss of the first electrode layer 311 in battery 310, P3 is the dead zone power loss of battery 310, P4 is the power loss of the first conductive line 316, P5 is the power loss caused by the first conductive line 316 blocking light, and P*N is the power loss of the perovskite battery pack 30, which is equal to the power loss of each battery 310 multiplied by the number of batteries N in the perovskite battery pack 30; where the power loss of each battery 310 is the sum of the power losses of P1 to P5. As shown in Table 1, under the first busbar configuration, when the width of battery 310 along the first direction X is doubled from 7mm to 14mm, the power loss of the perovskite battery pack 30 is very large, increasing by more than three times, resulting in a power loss of over 36W for the perovskite battery pack 30. In the second busbar configuration, when the width of battery 310 along the first direction X doubles from 7mm to 14mm, the power loss of the perovskite solar cell 30 remains very low at 2W. When the width of battery 310 along the first direction X triples from 7mm to 21mm, the power loss of the perovskite solar cell 30 remains very low at 3.48W. Therefore, compared to the first busbar configuration, the second busbar configuration not only reduces the power loss of the perovskite solar cell 30, but also reduces the number of perovskite solar cell 30 along the first direction X by at least three times without increasing the power loss. When the voltage range of the perovskite solar cell 30 is 130–150V in the first busbar configuration, the voltage range can be reduced to 40–50V in the second busbar configuration, approaching the voltage range of the crystalline silicon solar cell 10. This allows for the parallel connection of the perovskite solar cell 30 and the crystalline silicon solar cell 10.This also avoids the need for slicing and dividing the crystalline silicon solar cell 10, ensuring its efficiency and load-bearing capacity, thereby improving the overall performance of the tandem module. Furthermore, it reduces the cost associated with laser cutting during the manufacturing of the cell 310 and minimizes the impact of laser equipment depreciation on the process. Additionally, it lowers the voltage of the tandem module, which helps reduce the cost of the inverter in the photovoltaic power generation system, thus lowering the cost of electricity.
[0059] Table 1
[0060]
[0061] Note that the above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and the technical principles employed. Those skilled in the art will understand that the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described herein, and various obvious changes, readjustments, and substitutions can be made without departing from the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, although the present invention has been described in detail through the above embodiments, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and may include many other equivalent embodiments without departing from the concept of the present invention. The scope of the present invention is determined by the scope of the appended claims.
Claims
1. A stacked assembly, characterized in that, The device includes a crystalline silicon solar cell, an encapsulation layer, and a perovskite solar cell, all stacked together. The perovskite solar cell includes a plurality of cells arranged along a first direction. Each cell includes a first electrode layer, a power generation layer, a second electrode layer, and a first conductive line, all stacked together. The first conductive line is connected to the first electrode layer and / or the second electrode layer and extends along the first direction.
2. The stacked assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first conductive line includes a first conductive line on a first side and a first conductive line on a second side. The first conductive line on the first side is connected to the first electrode layer, and the first conductive line on the second side is connected to the second electrode layer.
3. The stacked assembly according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first conductive line includes multiple first conductive lines on the first side and multiple first conductive lines on the second side. The multiple first conductive lines on the first side are arranged at equal intervals along a second direction, and the multiple first conductive lines on the second side are arranged at equal intervals along the second direction; wherein, the second direction intersects with the first direction.
4. The stacked assembly according to claim 3, characterized in that, The spacing between adjacent first conductive lines on the first side is 0.5-2mm, and the spacing between adjacent first conductive lines on the second side is 0.5-2mm.
5. The stacked assembly according to claim 3, characterized in that, The battery further includes at least one second conductive line, which is disposed in the same layer as the first conductive line on the first side and / or the first conductive line on the second side, and the second conductive line extends along a second direction.
6. The stacked assembly according to claim 5, characterized in that, The plurality of second conductive lines include a plurality of first-side second conductive lines and a plurality of second-side second conductive lines, wherein the first-side second conductive lines are disposed in the same layer as the first-side first conductive lines, and the second-side second conductive lines are disposed in the same layer as the second-side first conductive lines.
7. The stacked assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that, The width of the first conductive wire ranges from 0.001 to 1 mm, and the thickness of the first conductive wire ranges from 0.001 to 1 mm.
8. The stacked assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that, The material of the first conductive wire includes a low-temperature conductive adhesive; wherein the low-temperature curing temperature of the low-temperature conductive adhesive is less than or equal to 200°C.
9. The stacked assembly according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, The battery further includes a protective layer, with the first electrode layer disposed adjacent to the protective layer and the second electrode layer disposed adjacent to the encapsulation layer.
10. The stacked assembly according to claim 9, characterized in that, The battery further includes an extension portion, which is integrally formed with the second electrode layer. The extension portion extends along the thickness direction of the first electrode layer and is in contact with the first electrode layer of another battery.