A single piece butterfly spring quantitative adjustment structure and worm gear reducer

Abstract

The utility model discloses a single butterfly spring rationing structure and worm reduction gear belongs to speed reducer technical field. Rationing structure includes the drive shaft of the upper end setting butterfly spring, and the adjusting nut is installed in the upper end of drive shaft through the thread and leans on butterfly spring, is used for adjusting the pre -pressure of butterfly spring, the upper end of adjusting nut and drive shaft all is set up with the internal spline, and the internal spline of adjusting nut and drive shaft is opposite arrangement along drive shaft axle core, and the both ends of spline pin are installed in the internal spline of adjusting nut and drive shaft respectively. The utility model discloses the combination of adjusting nut and spring disc, can conveniently adjust the pressure that friction piece group receives, thereby realizes the accurate control to output torque, simultaneously, through the bidirectional locking of spline pin, can effectively prevent the feeding of adjusting nut when the drive shaft reverses in the use process, avoids the problem of output torque out of control.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of speed reducer technology, specifically a single-piece disc spring quantitative adjustment structure and a worm gear reducer, which is applicable to the rotary drive mechanism of various types of grader cutter bodies in the engineering machinery industry. Background Technology

[0002] In the construction machinery industry, the worm gear box is the core component for power transmission in the slewing system of a grader. Currently, the worm gear boxes used in graders in China are all types: those that directly drive the drive shaft at the worm wheel core through worm gear meshing, those with torque protection using multiple sets of circumferentially distributed compression springs, and those that use adjusting nuts for adjustment and have one-way anti-reverse pawls radially installed between the drive shaft and the adjusting nut. The first type of worm gear box lacks torque protection. During the use of the grader, the grader blades are often subjected to unpredictable impact loads. Such huge impact loads react on the worm gear box, causing damage to the drive shaft gears and other components of the worm gear box. The torque protection system of the second type of worm gear box has many components and a complex structure, which makes it difficult to manufacture and has high production costs. At the same time, because the pressure adjustment of multiple sets of circumferential distributed compression springs is not easy to be balanced, it causes uneven damage to the friction plates, affecting the service life of the worm gear box and thus affecting the long-term effective operation of the grader. The third type of worm gear box uses an adjusting nut to press a single spring disc to achieve torque adjustment, which simplifies the structure and reduces costs. However, the radial one-way anti-reverse pawl between the drive shaft and the adjusting nut can only effectively prevent the adjusting nut from retracting. When the drive shaft reverses, it often causes the adjusting nut to feed automatically, which in turn causes the friction torque to increase automatically, eventually causing the torque protection to fail and posing a hidden danger of internal components bearing huge impact loads. Utility Model Content

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a single-piece disc spring quantitative adjustment structure and a worm gear reducer, which achieves bidirectional locking of the adjusting nut under the premise of quantitative adjustment of the protection torque.

[0004] This utility model adopts the following technical solution: a single-piece disc spring quantitative adjustment structure, comprising: The drive shaft has a disc spring at its upper end; An adjusting nut is threaded onto the upper end of the drive shaft; the lower end of the adjusting nut abuts against the disc spring to adjust the preload of the disc spring. Both the adjusting nut and the drive shaft have internal splines at their upper ends, and the internal splines of the adjusting nut and the drive shaft are arranged opposite each other along the axis of the drive shaft; the two ends of the spline pin are respectively fitted into the internal splines of the adjusting nut and the drive shaft.

[0005] Preferably, the adjusting nut includes a cylindrical main body at the lower end and a tightening part at the upper end, and the tightening part has a flat surface milled on its circumference; the main body is fitted onto the upper end of the drive shaft, and the internal spline of the adjusting nut is formed at the center of the tightening part and passes through the tightening part.

[0006] Preferably, the upper end of the drive shaft is provided with an external thread, and the inner wall of the main body of the adjusting nut is provided with an internal thread that mates with the external thread.

[0007] Preferably, the upper end of the drive shaft is a stepped shaft, with a guide step surface on the upper and lower sides of the external thread; The inner wall of the main body of the adjusting nut is a stepped hole, and the inner walls of the main body on the upper and lower sides of the internal thread slide in fit with the guide step surfaces on the upper and lower sides.

[0008] Preferably, the internal spline of the adjusting nut and the internal spline of the drive shaft have the same structure; the parameters of the internal spline of the adjusting nut and the parameters of the internal thread of the adjusting nut are in a certain proportion.

[0009] Preferably, the feed amount of the adjusting nut is 0.08 mm for each tooth of the internal spline of the adjusting nut.

[0010] A worm gear reducer, comprising: The worm gear is rotatably mounted in the housing; A worm gear is rotatably mounted on the drive shaft; the worm gear is connected to the worm. A friction plate assembly is connected between the worm gear and the drive shaft; The disc spring is pressed against the upper end of the friction plate assembly.

[0011] Preferably, the lower end of the drive shaft is rotatably connected to the housing, and the upper end of the drive shaft is covered with a cover fixed to the housing; The upper cover has a through hole, and a copper sleeve is fixed in the through hole. The copper sleeve is rotatably engaged with the adjusting nut. A small cap opposite to the spline pin is fixed at the outer end of the through hole of the upper cover.

[0012] Preferably, a pressure plate is pressed on the upper end of the friction plate assembly, and the disc spring is pressed on the pressure plate.

[0013] Preferably, the friction plate assembly is connected to the drive shaft via internal and external gear rings.

[0014] The beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows: through the friction plate assembly and quantitative adjustment structure, flexible torque transmission is achieved; when subjected to excessive impact, the friction plate assembly can slide, thereby absorbing impact energy and protecting other components in the worm gear reducer from damage; By adjusting the combination of the nut and the spring disc, the pressure on the friction plate assembly can be easily adjusted, thereby achieving precise control of the output torque. At the same time, the bidirectional locking of the spline pin can effectively prevent the adjusting nut from being fed during use due to the reverse rotation of the drive shaft, thus avoiding the problem of uncontrolled output torque. The number of parts in this quantitative adjustment structure is greatly reduced, and the structure is simpler, which not only reduces manufacturing costs but also simplifies the assembly process and improves production efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0015] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0016] Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional view of a single-piece disc spring quantitative adjustment structure and a worm gear reducer according to the present invention.

[0017] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the adjusting nut in this utility model.

[0018] Figure 3 This is a top view of the tightening part of the adjusting nut in this utility model.

[0019] Figure 4 This is a front view of the drive shaft in this utility model.

[0020] Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional view of the spline pin in this utility model.

[0021] Figure 6 This is a top view of the spline pin in this utility model.

[0022] Figure 7 This is a diagram showing the relationship between the rotational torque and output torque of the torque wrench in an embodiment of this utility model.

[0023] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: 1. Drive shaft; 11. Guide step surface; 2. Butterfly spring; 3. Adjusting nut; 31. Main body; 32. Tightening part; 4. Spline pin; 5. Worm; 6. Worm wheel; 7. Friction plate assembly; 71. Pressure plate; 8. Housing; 81. Top cover; 811. Small cover; 9. Internal and external gear rings. Detailed Implementation

[0024] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0025] In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the terms "opening", "upper", "lower", "thickness", "top", "middle", "length", "inner", "around" and other terms indicating orientation or positional relationship are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the components or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this utility model.

[0026] Example 1: like Figures 1 to 6 As shown, this utility model provides a quantitative adjustment structure for a single-piece disc spring 2, including a drive shaft 1 and a disc spring 2 mounted on the drive shaft 1, with the disc spring 2 pressing against the friction plate assembly 7. An adjusting nut 3 is threaded onto the upper end of the drive shaft 1, and the lower end of the adjusting nut 3 abuts against the disc spring 2. By rotating the adjusting nut 3, the preload of the disc spring 2 can be controlled, thereby adjusting the protective torque of the friction plate assembly 7.

[0027] Combination Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the adjusting nut 3 includes a cylindrical main body 31. The upper end of the main body 31 has a tightening part 32 with a diameter smaller than that of the main body 31. The tightening part 32 has a hexagonal plane milled on its circumference to facilitate rotation of the adjusting nut 3. An internal spline is provided at the axis of the tightening part 32, and this internal spline penetrates the tightening part 32 and communicates with the interior of the main body 31. The inner wall of the main body 31 is a stepped hole, and a section of internal thread is provided on the inner wall. Combined with… Figures 4 to 6 As shown, the upper end of the drive shaft 1 is a stepped shaft, and an internal spline is formed at the center of the end face of the stepped shaft. An external thread is formed on the circumferential surface of the stepped shaft, and a guide step surface 11 is formed on the upper and lower sides of the external thread. The spline pin 4 is cylindrical, with an external spline formed on its circumferential surface; a threaded blind hole is formed at one end to facilitate the disassembly and assembly of the spline pin 4.

[0028] During installation and use, the internal thread of the main body 31 of the adjusting nut 3 engages with the external thread of the stepped shaft of the drive shaft 1, and the inner wall of the main body 31 on the upper and lower sides of the internal thread slides with the guide step surface 11 on the upper and lower sides to ensure that the adjusting nut 3 and the drive shaft 1 are coaxial; rotate the adjusting nut 3 to adjust the preload of the disc spring 2 quantitatively, and then install the spline pin 4. The two ends of the spline pin 4 are respectively installed in the internal spline of the adjusting nut 3 and the drive shaft 1. The spline pin 4, in conjunction with the adjusting nut 3 and the drive shaft 1, achieves bidirectional locking between the adjusting nut 3 and the drive shaft 1. This prevents the adjusting nut 3 from retracting and also effectively prevents the adjusting nut 3 from being fed forward when the drive shaft 1 reverses during use, thus avoiding loss of control of the protective torque of the friction plate group 7.

[0029] Example 2: Based on the above embodiment one, combined with Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment provides a worm gear 6 reducer, which adopts the quantitative adjustment structure in Embodiment 1.

[0030] The two ends of the worm 5 are rotatably mounted in the housing 8, with one end externally connected to a drive motor; the worm 5 is connected to the mating worm wheel 6; The worm gear 6 is mounted on the inner and outer gear rings 9, which are mounted on the drive shaft 1. The worm gear 6 and the inner and outer gear rings 9 are connected by a friction plate assembly 7. Specifically, the inner teeth of the inner and outer gear rings 9 are connected to the outer teeth on the drive shaft 1, the outer teeth of the inner and outer gear rings 9 are connected to the inner teeth of the lower friction plate in the friction plate assembly 7, and the outer teeth of the upper friction plate in the friction plate assembly 7 are connected to the inner teeth of the worm gear 6. An annular pressure plate 71 is provided at the upper end of the friction plate assembly 7, and a disc spring 2 presses on the pressure plate 71. The lower end of the drive shaft 1 is rotatably connected to the outer casing 8, and the upper end of the drive shaft 1 is covered with a cover 81. The cover 81 is fixed to the casing by bolts to form a closed box. A through hole is opened on the cover 81, and a copper sleeve is fixed in the through hole by an interference fit. The copper sleeve is fitted over the adjusting nut 3 and forms a rotational fit with the adjusting nut 3. A small cover 811 is fixed to the outer end of the through hole of the cover 81 by bolts. The small cover 811 is opposite to the adjusting nut 3 and the spline pin 4. By removing the small cover 811, the adjusting nut 3 and the spline pin 4 can be easily operated.

[0031] During operation, by disassembling the small cover 811 and pulling out the spline pin 4, the adjusting nut 3 can be turned quantitatively using a torque wrench to adjust the preload of the disc spring 2. Then, the spline pin 4 and the small cover 811 can be reinstalled. When the drive shaft 1 is subjected to a large impact load that exceeds the maximum output torque, the friction plate group 7 can slip, thereby preventing damage to components such as the worm gear 6 and worm 5 in the worm gear 6 reducer.

[0032] Example 3: Based on the above embodiment 2, in this embodiment, the internal spline of the adjusting nut 3 and the internal spline of the drive shaft 1 adopt the same structure. The parameters of the internal spline of the adjusting nut 3 and the parameters of the internal thread of the adjusting nut 3 are in a certain proportion. For example, for every tooth the internal spline of the adjusting nut 3 rotates, the feed amount of the adjusting nut 3 is 0.08mm.

[0033] Combined Figure 7As shown, considering the wear of the friction plate assembly 7 during operation, the output torque will continuously decrease. To easily restore the rated output torque value at the work site, the worm gear 6 reducer can be repeatedly tested using a test bench to measure the torque output. Figure 7 The diagram shows the relationship between "torque wrench rotation torque and output torque". If on-site personnel notice a decrease in output torque, they can refer to the diagram and tighten the adjusting nut 3 with a torque wrench to restore the rated output torque value.

[0034] The preferred embodiments of this utility model disclosed above are merely illustrative of the present utility model. These preferred embodiments do not exhaustively describe all details, nor do they limit the utility model to the specific implementations described. Clearly, many modifications and variations can be made based on the content of this specification. This specification selects and specifically describes these embodiments to better explain the principles and practical applications of this utility model, thereby enabling those skilled in the art to better understand and utilize it. This utility model is limited only by the claims and their full scope and equivalents.

Claims

1. A single-piece disc spring quantitative adjustment structure, characterized in that, include: The drive shaft has a disc spring at its upper end; An adjusting nut is threaded onto the upper end of the drive shaft; the lower end of the adjusting nut abuts against the disc spring to adjust the preload of the disc spring. Both the adjusting nut and the drive shaft have internal splines at their upper ends, and the internal splines of the adjusting nut and the drive shaft are arranged opposite each other along the axis of the drive shaft; the two ends of the spline pin are respectively fitted into the internal splines of the adjusting nut and the drive shaft.

2. The single-piece disc spring quantitative adjustment structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adjusting nut includes a cylindrical main body at the lower end and a tightening part at the upper end, with a flat surface milled on the circumference of the tightening part; the main body is fitted onto the upper end of the drive shaft, and the internal spline of the adjusting nut is formed at the center of the tightening part and passes through the tightening part.

3. The single-piece disc spring quantitative adjustment structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The upper end of the drive shaft is provided with an external thread, and the inner wall of the main body of the adjusting nut is provided with an internal thread that mates with the external thread.

4. The single-piece disc spring quantitative adjustment structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: The upper end of the drive shaft is a stepped shaft, with a guide step surface on the upper and lower sides of the external thread respectively; The inner wall of the main body of the adjusting nut is a stepped hole, and the inner walls of the main body on the upper and lower sides of the internal thread slide in fit with the guide step surfaces on the upper and lower sides.

5. The single-piece disc spring quantitative adjustment structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: The internal spline of the adjusting nut has the same structure as the internal spline of the drive shaft; the parameters of the internal spline of the adjusting nut and the parameters of the internal thread of the adjusting nut are in a certain proportion.

6. The single-piece disc spring quantitative adjustment structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: The feed amount of the adjusting nut is 0.08 mm for each tooth of the internal spline of the adjusting nut.

7. A worm gear reducer, employing a single-piece disc spring quantitative adjustment structure as described in any one of claims 2 to 6, characterized in that, include: The worm gear is rotatably mounted in the housing; A worm gear is rotatably mounted on the drive shaft; the worm gear is connected to the worm. A friction plate assembly is connected between the worm gear and the drive shaft; The disc spring is pressed against the upper end of the friction plate assembly.

8. A worm gear reducer according to claim 7, characterized in that: The lower end of the drive shaft is rotatably connected to the housing, and the upper end of the drive shaft is covered with a cover that is fixed to the housing; The upper cover has a through hole, and a copper sleeve is fixed in the through hole. The copper sleeve is rotatably engaged with the adjusting nut. A small cap opposite to the spline pin is fixed at the outer end of the through hole of the upper cover.

9. A worm gear reducer according to claim 7, characterized in that: A pressure plate is pressed on the upper end of the friction plate assembly, and the disc spring is pressed on the pressure plate.

10. A worm gear reducer according to claim 7, characterized in that: The friction plate assembly is connected to the drive shaft via internal and external gear rings.

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