Battery cell, battery device, power consuming device, and energy storage device

Abstract

Embodiments of the present application provide a battery monomer, a battery device, a power consumption device and an energy storage device, which can improve the use performance of the battery monomer. The battery monomer comprises a shell, an electrode assembly and a heat insulation layer. The shell comprises a receiving cavity with an opening at one end. The electrode assembly is received in the receiving cavity. The heat insulation layer is arranged on at least part of the surface of the side of the shell facing the receiving cavity. The heat insulation layer comprises a heat insulation base and a heat conduction structure. The heat conduction structure is formed in the interior of the heat insulation base.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of battery technology, and more specifically, to a battery cell, a battery device, an electrical device, and an energy storage device. Background Technology

[0002] Energy conservation and emission reduction are key to the sustainable development of the automotive industry, and electric vehicles, due to their energy-saving and environmentally friendly advantages, have become an important component of this sustainable development. For electric vehicles, battery technology is a crucial factor in their development.

[0003] In the development of battery technology, besides improving the electrical performance of battery devices, safety is also a crucial issue. For example, thermal runaway in individual battery cells is a significant concern. If the safety of a battery cell cannot be guaranteed, it becomes unusable, reducing its performance. Therefore, improving the performance of individual battery cells has become a pressing technical problem to be solved in this field. Utility Model Content

[0004] This application provides a battery cell, a battery device, an electrical device, and an energy storage device, which can improve the performance of the battery cell.

[0005] In a first aspect, a battery cell is provided, comprising: a housing including a receiving cavity having an opening at one end; an electrode assembly received in the receiving cavity; and a heat insulation layer disposed on at least a portion of the surface of the housing facing the receiving cavity; wherein the heat insulation layer includes a heat insulation substrate and a heat-conducting structure formed within the heat insulation substrate.

[0006] In this embodiment, a heat insulation layer is provided in the battery cell, and the heat insulation layer is disposed on at least a portion of the surface of the housing facing the cavity. The heat insulation layer includes a heat insulation substrate and a thermally conductive structure, and the thermally conductive structure is formed inside the heat insulation substrate. During the use of the battery cell, the heat insulation substrate in the heat insulation layer can block the heat generated by the electrode assembly to reduce the thermal impact between adjacent battery cells. Secondly, the heat generated by the electrode assembly can be transferred to the external thermal management component through the thermally conductive structure and the housing in sequence, so as to regulate the temperature of the battery cell, reduce the risk of thermal runaway of the battery cell, and thus improve the performance of the battery cell.

[0007] In some embodiments, the insulation layer further includes a heat-absorbing structure formed on the outer surface of the insulation substrate.

[0008] In this embodiment, by configuring the heat insulation layer to also include a heat-absorbing structure, and the heat-absorbing structure being formed on the outer surface of the heat insulation substrate, the heat generated by the electrode assembly can be effectively absorbed during the use of the battery cell, effectively reducing the thermal impact of the battery cell on adjacent battery cells, and transferring the heat to the thermal management component in a timely manner through the heat-conducting structure, so as to regulate the temperature of the battery cell, reduce the risk of thermal runaway of the battery cell, and thereby improve the performance of the battery cell.

[0009] In some embodiments, the housing includes connected sidewalls and a bottom wall, the bottom wall being disposed opposite the opening, and the heat insulation layer being disposed on at least a portion of the surface of the first wall facing the receiving cavity, the first wall being the wall with the largest area among the sidewalls.

[0010] In this embodiment, by configuring the housing to include connected sidewalls and a bottom wall, the bottom wall being disposed opposite to the opening, and the heat insulation layer being disposed on at least a portion of the surface of the first wall facing the receiving cavity, the first wall being the wall with the largest area among the sidewalls, the thermal impact of the battery cell on adjacent battery cells is further reduced during the use of the battery cell, thereby reducing the risk of thermal runaway of the battery cell and improving the performance of the battery cell.

[0011] In some embodiments, the insulation layer is also disposed on at least a portion of the surface of the bottom wall facing the receiving cavity.

[0012] In this embodiment, by further disposing the heat insulation layer on at least a portion of the surface of the bottom wall facing the cavity, the thermal impact of the battery cell on adjacent battery cells can be further reduced during the use of the battery cell. At the same time, the heat generated by the electrode assembly can be transferred to the thermal management component through the thermally conductive structure in the heat insulation layer, thereby reducing the risk of thermal runaway of the battery cell and improving the performance of the battery cell.

[0013] In some embodiments, the interior of the thermal insulation substrate has a closed porous structure.

[0014] In this embodiment, by providing a closed pore structure inside the heat insulation substrate, the heat insulation performance of the heat insulation substrate is improved. During the use of the battery cell, the thermal impact of the battery cell on adjacent battery cells can be further reduced, the risk of thermal runaway of the battery cell is reduced, and the performance of the battery cell is improved.

[0015] In some embodiments, the battery cell further includes an end cap assembly that covers the opening, and the heat insulation layer is also disposed on at least a portion of the surface of the end cap assembly facing the receiving cavity.

[0016] In this embodiment, by further disposing the heat insulation layer on at least a portion of the surface of the end cap assembly facing the receiving cavity, the thermal impact of the battery cell on adjacent battery cells can be further reduced during the use of the battery cell. At the same time, the heat generated by the electrode assembly can be transferred to the thermal management component through the thermally conductive structure in the heat insulation layer, thereby reducing the risk of thermal runaway of the battery cell and improving the performance of the battery cell.

[0017] In some embodiments, the ratio between the thickness D1 of the heat insulation layer and the thickness D2 of the battery cell satisfies: 0.001≤D1 / D2≤0.04.

[0018] In this embodiment of the application, the ratio between the thickness D1 of the heat insulation layer and the thickness D2 of the battery cell is set to satisfy: 0.001≤D1 / D2≤0.04, so as to take into account both the heat insulation performance of the heat insulation layer and the energy density of the battery cell, while facilitating the processing and assembly of the battery cell, thereby improving the performance of the battery cell.

[0019] In some embodiments, the ratio between the thickness D1 of the heat insulation layer and the thickness D2 of the battery cell satisfies: 0.006≤D1 / D2≤0.01.

[0020] In this embodiment of the application, the ratio between the thickness D1 of the heat insulation layer and the thickness D2 of the battery cell is set to satisfy: 0.006≤D1 / D2≤0.01, so as to effectively balance the heat insulation performance of the heat insulation layer and the energy density of the battery cell, while facilitating the processing and assembly of the battery cell, thereby improving the performance of the battery cell.

[0021] In some embodiments, the material of the thermal insulation substrate is one of the following: aerogel, polymer foam, polyimide, or ceramic fiber.

[0022] In this embodiment of the application, by setting the material of the heat insulation substrate to one of the following materials: aerogel, polymer foam, polyimide, ceramic fiber, the heat insulation performance of the heat insulation substrate is improved. During the use of the battery cell, the thermal impact of the battery cell on adjacent battery cells can be further reduced, thereby improving the performance of the battery cell.

[0023] In some embodiments, the material of the thermally conductive structure is one of the following: graphene, metal powder, or carbon fiber.

[0024] In this embodiment, the thermal conductivity of the thermally conductive structure is improved by using one of the following materials: graphene, metal powder, or carbon fiber. During the use of the battery cell, the heat generated by the electrode assembly can be transferred to the external thermal management component through the thermally conductive structure and the casing in sequence, so as to regulate the temperature of the battery cell, reduce the risk of thermal runaway, and thus improve the performance of the battery cell.

[0025] In some embodiments, the heat-absorbing structure is made of polyethylene wax. Thus, in this embodiment, by setting the material of the heat-absorbing structure to polyethylene wax, the heat generated by the electrode assembly can be effectively absorbed during the use of the battery cell, effectively reducing the thermal impact of the battery cell on adjacent battery cells, and the heat can be transferred to the thermal management component in a timely manner through the thermally conductive structure, so as to regulate the temperature of the battery cell, reduce the risk of thermal runaway, and thereby improve the performance of the battery cell.

[0026] In a second aspect, a battery device is provided, comprising: a plurality of battery cells, wherein the battery cells are those described in the first aspect or its various implementations.

[0027] In some embodiments, the heat insulation layer is provided between any two adjacent battery cells in a plurality of battery cells.

[0028] In this embodiment of the application, by providing the heat insulation layer between any two adjacent battery cells in a plurality of battery cells, the heat insulation substrate in the heat insulation layer can effectively reduce the thermal impact between the two adjacent battery cells during the use of the battery cells, thereby reducing the risk of thermal runaway of the battery cells and improving the performance of the battery cells.

[0029] Thirdly, an electrical device is provided, including the battery device described in the second aspect, the battery device being used to provide electrical energy to the electrical device.

[0030] In some implementations, the electrical device can be a vehicle, ship, or spacecraft.

[0031] Fourthly, an energy storage device is provided, including the battery device described in the second aspect, the battery device being used to store electrical energy for the energy storage device. Attached Figure Description

[0032] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, the drawings used in the embodiments of this application will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the drawings without creative effort.

[0033] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a vehicle provided in one embodiment of this application.

[0034] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a battery device provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0035] Figure 3 This is an exploded structural diagram of a battery cell provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0036] Figure 4 This is an exploded structural diagram of a battery cell provided in another embodiment of this application.

[0037] Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a battery cell provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0038] Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a battery cell provided in another embodiment of this application.

[0039] Figure 7 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the insulation layer provided in one embodiment of this application.

[0040] Figure 8 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a battery cell provided in another embodiment of this application.

[0041] Figure 9 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a battery cell provided in another embodiment of this application.

[0042] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: 1-Vehicle; 10-Battery unit; 20-Battery cell; 30-Controller; 40-Motor; 11-Box; 111-First part; 112-Second part; 112a-Base plate; 112b-Side plate; 21-Shell; 22-Electrode assembly; 211-Shell; 2111-Side wall; 2112-Bottom wall; 212-End cap assembly; 222-Electrode tab; 222a-Positive electrode tab; 222b-Negative electrode tab; 213-Pressure relief mechanism; 214-Electrode terminal; 214a-First electrode terminal; 214b-Second electrode terminal; 215-First wall; 23-Connecting member; 50-Receiving cavity; 510-Opening; 60-Insulation layer; 610-Insulation substrate; 620-Heat-conducting structure; 630-Heat-absorbing structure; 611-Insulation pores.

[0043] The accompanying drawings are not drawn to scale. Detailed Implementation

[0044] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0045] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used in this application have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application pertains; the terminology used in the description of this application is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the application; the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, in the description, claims, and accompanying drawings of this application are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion. The terms "first," "second," etc., in the description, claims, or accompanying drawings of this application are used to distinguish different objects, not to describe a specific order or hierarchy.

[0046] In this application, the reference to "embodiment" means that a specific feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with an embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of this application. The appearance of this phrase in various places throughout the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it a mutually exclusive, independent, or alternative embodiment. It will be explicitly and implicitly understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described in this application can be combined with other embodiments.

[0047] In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "attachment" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application according to the specific circumstances.

[0048] In this application, the term "and / or" is merely a description of the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A existing alone, A and B existing simultaneously, or B existing alone. Additionally, in this application, the character " / " generally indicates that the preceding and following related objects have an "or" relationship.

[0049] In the embodiments of this application, the same reference numerals denote the same components, and for the sake of brevity, detailed descriptions of the same components are omitted in different embodiments. It should be understood that the thickness, length, width, and other dimensions of various components in the embodiments of this application shown in the accompanying drawings, as well as the overall thickness, length, width, and other dimensions of the integrated device, are merely illustrative and should not constitute any limitation on this application.

[0050] In this application, "multiple" refers to two or more (including two), and similarly, "multiple groups" refers to two or more (including two), and "multiple pieces" refers to two or more (including two).

[0051] Unless otherwise specified, all embodiments and optional embodiments of this application can be combined to form new technical solutions.

[0052] Unless otherwise specified, all technical features and optional technical features of this application may be combined to form new technical solutions.

[0053] In some embodiments, the positive electrode may be a positive electrode sheet, which may include a positive electrode current collector and a positive electrode active material disposed on at least one surface of the positive electrode current collector.

[0054] As an example, the positive current collector has two surfaces opposite each other in its own thickness direction, and the positive active material is disposed on either or both of the two opposite surfaces of the positive current collector.

[0055] As an example, the positive current collector can be a metal foil, a conductive polymer material, a carbon material, or a composite current collector. For example, as a metal foil, pure metals, alloys, or surface-treated metals can be used, including but not limited to stainless steel, copper, aluminum, nickel, titanium, or silver. The composite current collector may include a polymer material base layer and a metal layer. The composite current collector can be formed by forming a metal material (aluminum, aluminum alloys, nickel, nickel alloys, titanium, titanium alloys, silver, and silver alloys, etc.) on a polymer material substrate (such as a substrate of polypropylene, polyethylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, polystyrene, polyethylene, etc.).

[0056] As an example, the positive electrode active material may include at least one of the following materials: lithium phosphate, lithium transition metal oxide, and their respective modified compounds. However, this application is not limited to these materials, and other conventional materials that can be used as positive electrode active materials for batteries may also be used. These positive electrode active materials may be used alone or in combination of two or more.

[0057] In some embodiments, the positive electrode can be a foamed metal. The foamed metal can be foamed nickel, foamed copper, foamed aluminum, foamed alloy, or foamed carbon, etc. When foamed metal is used as the positive electrode, the surface of the foamed metal may or may not contain a positive electrode active material. As an example, a positive electrode active material is filled and / or deposited within the foamed metal.

[0058] In some embodiments, the negative electrode may be a negative electrode sheet, and the negative electrode sheet may include a negative electrode current collector.

[0059] As an example, the negative electrode current collector can be a metal foil, a conductive polymer material, a carbon material, or a composite current collector. For example, as a metal foil, pure metals, alloys, or surface-treated metals can be used, including but not limited to stainless steel, copper, aluminum, nickel, titanium, or silver. The composite current collector may include a polymer material substrate and a metal layer. The composite current collector can be formed by forming a metal material (copper, copper alloys, nickel, nickel alloys, titanium, titanium alloys, silver, and silver alloys, etc.) on a polymer material substrate (such as a substrate of polypropylene, polyethylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, polystyrene, polyethylene, etc.).

[0060] As an example, the negative electrode sheet may include a negative electrode current collector and a negative electrode active material disposed on at least one surface of the negative electrode current collector.

[0061] As an example, the negative electrode current collector has two surfaces opposite each other in its own thickness direction, and the negative electrode active material is disposed on either or both of the two opposite surfaces of the negative electrode current collector.

[0062] As an example, the negative electrode active material may be a negative electrode active material known in the art for use in battery cells. As an example, the negative electrode active material may include at least one of the following materials: artificial graphite, natural graphite, soft carbon, hard carbon, silicon-based materials, tin-based materials, and lithium titanate, etc. Silicon-based materials may be selected from at least one of elemental silicon, silicon oxide compounds, silicon-carbon composites, silicon-nitrogen composites, and silicon alloys. Tin-based materials may be selected from at least one of elemental tin, tin oxide compounds, and tin alloys. However, this application is not limited to these materials, and other conventional materials that can be used as negative electrode active materials for battery cells may also be used. These negative electrode active materials may be used alone or in combination of two or more.

[0063] In some embodiments, the negative electrode can be a foamed metal. The foamed metal can be foamed nickel, foamed copper, foamed aluminum, foamed alloy, or foamed carbon, etc. When foamed metal is used as the negative electrode sheet, the surface of the foamed metal may or may not have a negative electrode active material.

[0064] As an example, negative electrode active materials can be filled or / and deposited within the negative electrode current collector.

[0065] In some embodiments, the positive current collector can be made of aluminum, and the negative current collector can be made of copper.

[0066] In some embodiments, the electrode assembly further includes an isolator disposed between the positive and negative electrodes.

[0067] In some embodiments, the separator is a separator membrane. This application does not impose any particular limitation on the type of separator membrane; any known porous separator membrane with good chemical and mechanical stability can be selected.

[0068] As an example, the main material of the separator can be selected from at least one of glass fiber, non-woven fabric, polyethylene, polypropylene, polyvinylidene fluoride, and ceramic. The separator can be a single-layer film or a multi-layer composite film, without particular limitation. When the separator is a multi-layer composite film, the materials of each layer can be the same or different, without particular limitation. The separator can be a single component located between the positive and negative electrodes, or it can be attached to the surfaces of the positive and negative electrodes. An inorganic particle coating, an organic particle coating, or an organic / inorganic composite coating can also be applied to the surface of the separator.

[0069] In some embodiments, the separator is a solid electrolyte. The solid electrolyte is disposed between the positive and negative electrodes, serving both to transport ions and to isolate the positive and negative electrodes.

[0070] In some embodiments, the battery cell also includes an electrolyte, which acts as a conductor of ions between the positive and negative electrodes. This application does not impose specific limitations on the type of electrolyte; it can be selected according to requirements. The electrolyte can be liquid, gel, or solid.

[0071] Liquid electrolytes include electrolyte salts and solvents.

[0072] In some embodiments, the electrolyte salt may be selected from at least one of lithium hexafluorophosphate, lithium tetrafluoroborate, lithium perchlorate, lithium hexafluoroarsenate, lithium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide, lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide, lithium trifluoromethanesulfonate, lithium difluorophosphate, lithium difluorooxalate borate, lithium dioxalate borate, lithium difluorodioxalate phosphate, and lithium tetrafluorooxalate phosphate.

[0073] In some embodiments, the solvent may be selected from at least one of ethylene carbonate, propylene carbonate, methyl ethyl carbonate, diethyl carbonate, dimethyl carbonate, dipropyl carbonate, methyl propyl carbonate, ethyl propyl carbonate, butyl carbonate, fluoroethylene carbonate, methyl formate, methyl acetate, ethyl acetate, propyl acetate, methyl propionate, ethyl propionate, propyl propionate, methyl butyrate, ethyl butyrate, 1,4-butyrolactone, sulfolane, dimethyl sulfone, methyl ethyl sulfone, and diethyl sulfone. The solvent may also be an ether solvent. Ether solvents may include one or more of ethylene glycol dimethyl ether, ethylene glycol diethyl ether, diethylene glycol dimethyl ether, triethylene glycol dimethyl ether, tetraethylene glycol dimethyl ether, 1,3-dioxolane, tetrahydrofuran, methyl tetrahydrofuran, diphenyl ether, and crown ethers.

[0074] In some embodiments, the electrolyte may optionally include additives. For example, additives may include negative electrode film-forming additives, positive electrode film-forming additives, and additives that can improve certain properties of the battery cell, such as additives that improve the overcharge / fast charge performance of the battery cell, additives that improve the high-temperature performance of the battery cell, and additives that improve the low-temperature performance of the battery cell.

[0075] The gel electrolyte includes a polymer as a backbone network and can be used in conjunction with an ionic liquid-lithium salt.

[0076] Solid electrolytes include polymer solid electrolytes, inorganic solid electrolytes, and composite solid electrolytes.

[0077] As an example, the polymers of polymeric solid electrolytes may include polyethers (polyoxyethylene), polysiloxanes, polycarbonates, polyacrylonitrile, polyvinylidene fluoride, polymethyl methacrylate, monoionic polymers, polyionic liquids, cellulose, etc.

[0078] As an example, inorganic solid electrolytes can be one or more of the following: oxide solid electrolytes (crystalline perovskite, sodium superconducting ion conductor, garnet, amorphous LiPON thin film), sulfide solid electrolytes (crystalline lithium superconducting ion conductor (lithium-germanium-phosphorus-sulfur, sulfosilium-germanium), amorphous sulfides), halide solid electrolytes, nitride solid electrolytes, and hydride solid electrolytes.

[0079] As an example, composite solid electrolytes are formed by adding inorganic solid electrolyte fillers to polymer solid electrolytes.

[0080] The electrode assembly can be a wound structure, a stacked structure, or a hybrid structure of wound and stacked.

[0081] In some implementations, the electrode assembly is a wound structure. The positive and negative electrode sheets are wound into a wound structure.

[0082] In some implementations, the electrode assembly is a stacked structure.

[0083] As an example, multiple positive and negative electrodes can be set, and multiple positive and multiple negative electrodes can be stacked alternately.

[0084] As an example, multiple positive electrode plates can be provided, and negative electrode plates can be folded to form multiple stacked folded segments, with a positive electrode plate sandwiched between adjacent folded segments.

[0085] As an example, both the positive and negative electrode plates are folded to form multiple stacked folded segments.

[0086] As an example, multiple separators can be provided, each positioned between any adjacent positive or negative electrode plates.

[0087] As an example, the separators can be continuously arranged, either by folding or rolling between any adjacent positive or negative electrode plates.

[0088] In some embodiments, the electrode assembly can be cylindrical, flat, or polygonal, etc.

[0089] In some embodiments, the electrode assembly is provided with tabs that allow current to be drawn from the electrode assembly. The tabs include a positive tab and a negative tab.

[0090] In some embodiments, the battery cell may include a casing. The casing may be a steel casing, an aluminum casing, a plastic casing (such as a polypropylene casing), a composite metal casing (such as a copper-aluminum composite casing), or an aluminum-plastic film, etc. In some embodiments, the casing may be a sealed structure or a non-sealed structure. As an example, when the casing is a non-sealed structure, the casing serves to protect the electrode assembly, and a sealing bag is included between the casing and the electrode assembly to encapsulate the electrode assembly and electrolyte. Specifically, the sealing bag may be a bag-shaped insulating component or an aluminum-plastic film. When the casing is a sealed structure, it is used to encapsulate components such as the electrode assembly and electrolyte.

[0091] As an example, the battery cell can be a cylindrical battery cell, a prismatic battery cell, a pouch battery cell, or a battery cell of other shapes. Prismatic battery cells include prismatic battery cells, blade-shaped battery cells, and multi-prismatic batteries, such as hexagonal prismatic batteries. This application does not have any particular limitations.

[0092] In some embodiments, at least one electrode terminal is provided on the housing, and the electrode terminal is electrically connected to the tab. The electrode terminal can be directly connected to the tab, or it can be indirectly connected to the tab through a current collector. The electrode terminal can be provided on the end cap or on the housing.

[0093] In some embodiments, a pressure relief mechanism is provided on the casing. The pressure relief mechanism is used to release the internal gas of the battery cell.

[0094] As an example, the internal pressure or temperature of a battery cell is actuated to release the internal pressure or temperature when it reaches a predetermined threshold. When the internal pressure or temperature of the battery cell reaches the predetermined threshold, the pressure relief mechanism is activated or a weak structure in the pressure relief mechanism is broken, thereby creating an opening or channel for the internal pressure or temperature to be released. The threshold design varies depending on the design requirements. The threshold may depend on the materials of one or more of the positive electrode, negative electrode, electrolyte, and separator in the battery cell.

[0095] As an example, the pressure relief mechanism can be integrally molded with the housing.

[0096] As an example, the pressure relief mechanism can also be separately installed and connected to the housing.

[0097] The term "actuation" as used in this application refers to the activation or actuation of the pressure relief mechanism to a certain state, thereby releasing the internal pressure and temperature of the battery cell. The actions of the pressure relief mechanism may include, but are not limited to: movement of components within the mechanism to form an exhaust channel, rupture, breakage, tearing, or opening of at least a portion of the mechanism, etc. When the pressure relief mechanism is activated, the high-temperature, high-pressure substances inside the battery cell are discharged as waste from the activated portion. This method allows for pressure and temperature relief of the battery cell under controllable pressure or temperature, thereby preventing potentially more serious accidents.

[0098] In some embodiments, when the housing is a non-sealed structure, the pressure relief mechanism can be configured as a through hole for venting gas inside the battery cell.

[0099] The emissions from battery cells mentioned in this application include, but are not limited to: electrolyte, dissolved or split positive and negative electrode plates, fragments of separators, high-temperature and high-pressure gases generated by the reaction, flames, etc.

[0100] The battery device mentioned in the embodiments of this application may include one or more battery cell assemblies for providing voltage and capacity. A battery cell assembly may include multiple battery cells, which are connected in series, parallel, or mixed connections via a busbar.

[0101] In some embodiments, a battery cell assembly is typically formed by arranging multiple battery cells.

[0102] As an example, a battery cell assembly can be a battery module, which is formed by arranging and fixing multiple battery cells together to form an independent module. As another example, a battery module can be formed by bundling multiple battery cells together with cable ties.

[0103] In some embodiments, the battery device may be a battery pack, which includes a housing and one or more individual battery cell assemblies housed within the housing.

[0104] As an example, the battery cell assembly can be a battery module, and the battery cell assembly can be housed in the housing by fixing the battery module in the housing.

[0105] As an example, battery cell assemblies can also be housed in a housing by directly fixing multiple battery cells to the housing.

[0106] As an example, the enclosure may include a first enclosure and a second enclosure. The first enclosure and the second enclosure are fastened together to form a closed space inside the enclosure to house the individual battery cells. Here, "closed" refers to covering or closing, and can be either sealed or unsealed. The first enclosure may be a top cover or a bottom plate.

[0107] As an example, the enclosure may include a top cover, a frame, and a bottom plate. The top cover and bottom plate are connected to the frame, creating an enclosed space inside the enclosure to house the individual battery cells.

[0108] In some embodiments, the housing may be part of the vehicle's chassis structure. For example, a portion of the housing may be at least a part of the vehicle's floor, or a portion of the housing may be at least a part of the vehicle's crossbeams and longitudinal beams.

[0109] The technical solutions described in the embodiments of this application are applicable to various electrical devices that use individual battery cells, such as mobile phones, portable devices, laptops, electric vehicles, electric toys, power tools, vehicles, ships, and spacecraft. For example, spacecraft include airplanes, rockets, space shuttles, and spacecraft.

[0110] This application provides an energy storage device including one or more battery clusters to increase the voltage and capacity of the energy storage device. The battery clusters may include multiple battery devices, which are connected in series via a busbar to increase the voltage of the energy storage device. When the energy storage device includes multiple battery clusters, the multiple battery clusters are connected in parallel to increase the capacity of the energy storage device.

[0111] Energy storage devices can be used in energy storage power stations, wind power generation systems, solar power generation systems, mobile power systems, or temporary power supply systems. Energy storage devices can store electrical energy as needed and output it when appropriate. For example, an energy storage device can store electrical energy during off-peak hours and provide power to relevant users or electrical devices during peak hours. The energy storage system provided in this application embodiment can be any power system that requires energy storage devices.

[0112] In some embodiments, the energy storage device is an energy storage container or an energy storage cabinet.

[0113] In some embodiments, the energy storage device may include a cabinet and one or more battery clusters housed within the cabinet.

[0114] In some embodiments, the energy storage device may include modules such as a thermal management module, a main control module, a central control module, a power distribution module, and a fire protection module.

[0115] As an example, the thermal management module may include a liquid cooling unit that supplies coolant to each battery device via piping to regulate the temperature of the individual battery cells.

[0116] As an example, the main control module can serve as the battery management unit for the battery cluster, used to monitor and manage the battery cluster. The main control module can monitor information such as the current, voltage, power, or temperature of the battery cluster. For instance, it can control the charging and discharging current and voltage of the battery cluster. The main control module includes auxiliary battery management units, integrated switches, and other modules.

[0117] As an example, the central control module can serve as the battery management unit for an energy storage device, used to monitor and manage the device. The central control module can monitor information such as the energy storage device's current, voltage, power, state of charge, or temperature. For instance, it can control the charging and discharging current and voltage of the energy storage device. As an example, the central control module includes modules such as an insulation monitoring module, a main battery management unit, and Ethernet and fiber optic conversion modules.

[0118] As an example, a fire protection system includes control panels, detectors, alarm devices, etc., used to detect, alarm, or extinguish fires in energy storage systems.

[0119] As an example, the power distribution unit can be used to distribute power to the power modules of the energy storage device.

[0120] Currently, energy conservation and emission reduction are key to the sustainable development of the automotive industry, and electric vehicles, due to their energy-saving and environmentally friendly advantages, have become an important component of this sustainable development. For electric vehicles, battery technology is a crucial factor in their development. In the development of battery technology, besides improving the electrical performance of battery devices, safety is also a significant concern. For example, thermal runaway of individual battery cells is a critical issue. If the safety of a battery cell cannot be guaranteed, it becomes unusable, reducing its performance. Specifically, existing technologies typically use a heat insulation layer between adjacent battery cells to suppress heat diffusion. However, because the heat generated by the electrode assembly needs to be conducted back to the casing, its heat dissipation efficiency is low. For large-capacity battery cells, thermal runaway is difficult to avoid, and the heat insulation layer requires multi-layer composite materials, resulting in low production and assembly efficiency. Therefore, improving the performance of individual battery cells has become a pressing technical problem in this field.

[0121] Therefore, embodiments of this application provide a battery cell, a battery device, an electrical device, and an energy storage device. The battery cell includes a housing, an electrode assembly, and a heat insulation layer. The housing includes a receiving cavity with an opening at one end, in which the electrode assembly is received. The heat insulation layer is disposed on at least a portion of the surface of the housing facing the receiving cavity. The heat insulation layer includes a heat insulation substrate and a thermally conductive structure, with the thermally conductive structure formed inside the heat insulation substrate. Thus, in this embodiment, by providing a heat insulation layer in the battery cell, and by disposing of the heat insulation layer on at least a portion of the surface of the housing facing the receiving cavity, and by including a heat insulation substrate and a thermally conductive structure formed inside the heat insulation substrate, during the use of the battery cell, the heat insulation substrate in the heat insulation layer can block the heat generated by the electrode assembly, thereby reducing the thermal impact between adjacent battery cells. Furthermore, the heat generated by the electrode assembly can be sequentially transferred through the thermally conductive structure and the housing to an external thermal management component, thereby regulating the temperature of the battery cell, reducing the risk of thermal runaway, and improving the performance of the battery cell.

[0122] The technical solutions described in the embodiments of this application are applicable to various electrical devices that use battery devices.

[0123] Electrical devices can include vehicles, mobile phones, portable devices, laptops, ships, spacecraft, electric toys, and power tools, etc. Vehicles can be gasoline-powered cars, natural gas-powered cars, or new energy vehicles; new energy vehicles can be pure electric vehicles, hybrid electric vehicles, or range-extended electric vehicles, etc. Spacecraft include airplanes, rockets, space shuttles, and spacecraft, etc. Electric toys include stationary or mobile electric toys, such as game consoles, electric car toys, electric ship toys, and electric airplane toys, etc. Power tools include metal cutting power tools, grinding power tools, assembly power tools, and railway power tools, such as electric drills, electric grinders, electric wrenches, electric screwdrivers, electric hammers, impact drills, concrete vibrators, and electric planers, etc. This application does not impose any special limitations on the above-mentioned electrical devices.

[0124] It should be understood that the technical solutions described in the embodiments of this application are not limited to the electrical devices described above, but can also be applied to all devices that use batteries. For the sake of simplicity, the following embodiments will be described in detail using a vehicle as an example of an electrical device.

[0125] For example, such as Figure 1The diagram shown is a structural schematic of a vehicle 1 according to one embodiment of this application. Vehicle 1 can be a gasoline-powered vehicle, a natural gas-powered vehicle, or a new energy vehicle. New energy vehicles can be pure electric vehicles, hybrid electric vehicles, or range-extended electric vehicles, etc. A motor 40, a controller 30, and a battery device 10 can be installed inside vehicle 1. The controller 30 controls the battery device 10 to supply power to the motor 40. For example, the battery device 10 can be installed at the bottom, front, or rear of vehicle 1. The battery device 10 can be used to power vehicle 1. For example, the battery device 10 can serve as the operating power source for vehicle 1, for example, to meet the electrical system requirements of vehicle 1, such as for starting, navigation, and operation. In another embodiment of this application, the battery device 10 can not only serve as the operating power source for vehicle 1, but also as the driving power source for vehicle 1, replacing or partially replacing gasoline or natural gas to provide driving power for vehicle 1.

[0126] To meet different power demands, the battery device 10 in this embodiment may include at least one battery cell assembly, which comprises multiple battery cells. These multiple battery cells can be electrically connected in series, parallel, or a combination thereof to form the battery device 10. A combination of series and parallel connections is used. The battery device 10 may also be referred to as a battery pack. For example, multiple battery cells can first be connected in series, parallel, or a combination to form a battery module, and then these battery modules can be connected in series, parallel, or a combination thereof to form the battery device 10. That is, multiple battery cells can directly form the battery device 10, or they can first be assembled into battery modules, and then the battery modules can be assembled into the battery device 10.

[0127] For example, such as Figure 2 The diagram shown is a structural schematic of a battery device 10 according to an embodiment of this application. The battery device 10 may include a plurality of battery cells 20. The battery device 10 may also include a housing 11 (or cover), the housing 11 having a hollow structure, and the plurality of battery cells 20 are housed within the housing 11. For example, the plurality of battery cells 20 may be connected in parallel, in series, or in a mixed configuration and then placed within the housing 11.

[0128] like Figure 2As shown, the housing 11 may include two parts, referred to here as the first part 111 and the second part 112, which are fastened together. The shapes of the first part 111 and the second part 112 can be determined according to the combined shape of multiple battery cells 20. Both the first part 111 and the second part 112 may have an opening. For example, both the first part 111 and the second part 112 may be hollow cuboids with only one open face. The openings of the first part 111 and the second part 112 are opposite to each other, and the first part 111 and the second part 112 are fastened together to form a housing 11 with a closed cavity. The housing may include a bottom plate 112a, side plates 112b, and beams. Multiple battery cells 20 are connected in parallel, series, or mixed configurations and placed inside the housing 11 formed by the fastening of the first part 111 and the second part 112.

[0129] Optionally, the battery device 10 may also include other structures, which will not be described in detail here. For example, the battery device 10 may also include a busbar component for realizing the electrical connection between multiple battery cells 20, such as parallel, series, or mixed connection. Specifically, the busbar component can realize the electrical connection between battery cells 20 by connecting the electrode terminals of the battery cells 20. Further, the busbar component can be fixed to the electrode terminals of the battery cells 20 by welding. The electrical energy of the multiple battery cells 20 can be further led out through the housing by a conductive mechanism. Optionally, the conductive mechanism may also be part of the busbar component.

[0130] The number of battery cells 20 can be set to any value depending on different power requirements. Multiple battery cells 20 can be connected in series, parallel, or mixed to achieve a larger capacity or power. Since each battery device 10 may include a large number of battery cells 20, for ease of installation, the battery cells 20 can be grouped, with each group of battery cells 20 forming a battery module. The number of battery cells 20 included in a battery module is unlimited and can be set according to requirements.

[0131] In this embodiment, the number of battery cells 20 can be set to any value according to different power requirements. Multiple battery cells 20 can be connected in series, parallel, or mixed connection to achieve a larger capacity or power. Since each battery device 10 may include a large number of battery cells 20, for ease of installation, the battery cells 20 can be grouped, with each group of battery cells 20 forming a battery module. The number of battery cells 20 included in a battery module is not limited and can be set according to requirements. The battery device 10 may include multiple battery modules, which can be connected in series, parallel, or mixed connection.

[0132] Figure 3This diagram shows an exploded view of the battery cell 20 provided in one embodiment of the present application. Figure 4 An exploded structural diagram of a battery cell 20 according to another embodiment of this application is shown. Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the battery cell 20 in this embodiment may include: a housing 21 and an electrode assembly 22. The housing 21 has a closed receiving space, and the electrode assembly 22 is placed in the receiving space within the housing 21. The housing 21 may include a shell 211 and an end cap assembly 212. The shell 211 is a hollow structure with at least one opening; the end cap assembly 212 is used to fasten with the shell 211 to form the housing 21 with a closed receiving space.

[0133] It should be understood that the battery cell 20 in this application embodiment can be a secondary battery. A secondary battery refers to a battery cell 20 that can be recharged after being discharged to activate the active materials and continue to be used. For example, the battery cell 20 can be a lithium-ion battery, sodium-ion battery, sodium-lithium-ion battery, lithium metal battery, sodium metal battery, lithium-sulfur battery, magnesium-ion battery, nickel-metal hydride battery, nickel-cadmium battery, lead-acid battery, etc.

[0134] The electrode assembly 22 in this embodiment includes a positive electrode, a negative electrode, and a separator, with the separator disposed between the negative and positive electrodes. During the charging and discharging process of the battery cell 20, active ions (e.g., lithium ions) repeatedly insert and extract between the positive and negative electrodes. The separator, disposed between the positive and negative electrodes, serves to prevent short circuits between the positive and negative electrodes while allowing active ions to pass through.

[0135] In some embodiments, the end cap assembly 212 may be a plate-like structure used to cover the opening of the housing 211. In other embodiments, the end cap assembly 212 has a similar structure to the housing 211, that is, both the housing 211 and the end cap assembly 212 are hollow structures with one opening, and the two openings are joined together to form an outer shell 21 with a closed receiving space.

[0136] It should be understood that if the end cap assembly 212 is a plate-shaped structure, the housing 211 can be a hollow structure with an opening at one or more ends. For example, if the housing 211 is a hollow structure with an opening at one end, the end cap assembly 212 can be set as one; if the housing 211 is a hollow structure with openings at opposite ends, the end cap assembly 212 can be set as two, and the two end cap assemblies 212 respectively cover the openings at both ends of the housing 211.

[0137] The outer shell 21 can be of various shapes, such as a cylinder, a cuboid, or other polyhedrons. For example, ... Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown in the embodiments of this application, the description mainly takes the outer shell 21 as a cuboid structure.

[0138] It should be understood that the end cap assembly 212 in this embodiment of the application is used to cooperate with the housing 211 to isolate the internal environment of the battery cell 20 from the external environment. The shape of the end cap assembly 212 can be adapted to the shape of the housing 211, such as... Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the housing 211 has a cuboid structure, and the end cap assembly 212 has a rectangular plate structure that is adapted to the housing 211.

[0139] The material of the housing 211 in this embodiment may include one or more materials, such as copper, iron, aluminum, steel, aluminum alloy, etc. The material of the end cap assembly 212 may also be one or more materials, such as copper, iron, aluminum, steel, aluminum alloy, etc. The material of the end cap assembly 212 may be the same as or different from that of the housing 211; the materials of different walls of the housing 211 may also be the same or different.

[0140] The end cap assembly 212 in this embodiment can be any wall of the housing 21. For example, the end cap assembly 212 can be the wall with the largest area among the multiple walls included in the housing 21, or the wall with the smallest area, or it can be other walls. This embodiment is not limited to this. Alternatively, the end cap assembly 212 can also be other structures. For example, the end cap assembly 212 can also be a groove structure with an opening to cover the opening of the housing 211. This embodiment is not limited to this.

[0141] It should be understood that the battery cell 20 also includes electrode terminals 214. In this embodiment, the electrode terminals 214 are used for electrical connection with the electrode assembly 22 inside the battery cell 20 to output the electrical energy of the battery cell 20. Figures 3 to 4As shown, the battery cell 20 may include at least two electrode terminals 214, which may include at least one first electrode terminal 214a and at least one second electrode terminal 214b. Exemplarily, if the first electrode terminal 214a is a positive electrode terminal, it is used for electrical connection to the positive electrode tab 222a of the electrode assembly 22; if the second electrode terminal 214b is a negative electrode terminal, it is used for electrical connection to the negative electrode tab 222b of the electrode assembly 22. The first electrode terminal 214a and the positive electrode tab 222a may be directly connected or indirectly connected, as may the negative electrode terminal 214b and the negative electrode tab 222b. Exemplarily, the first electrode terminal 214a may be electrically connected to the positive electrode tab 222a via a connecting member 23, and the second electrode terminal 214b may be electrically connected to the negative electrode tab 222b via a connecting member 23. It should be understood that in the embodiments of this application, the positive electrode tab 222a and the negative electrode tab 222b can be collectively referred to as electrode tab 222.

[0142] In this embodiment, the wall of the housing 211 and the wall of the end cap assembly 212 are both referred to as the wall of the battery cell 20, wherein for Figure 3 and Figure 4 The rectangular battery cell 20 shown has a housing 211 with a bottom wall and four side walls. The housing 211 is shaped according to the combination of one or more electrode assemblies 22. For example, the housing 211 can be a hollow cuboid, cube, or cylinder, and one face of the housing 211 has an opening to allow one or more electrode assemblies 22 to be placed inside. For example, when the housing 211 is a hollow cuboid or cube, one plane of the housing 211 is an open face, meaning that this plane has no wall, allowing communication between the inside and outside of the housing 211. When the housing 211 can be a hollow cylinder, the end face of the housing 211 is an open face, meaning that this end face has no wall, allowing communication between the inside and outside of the housing 211. An end cap assembly 212 covers the opening and connects to the housing 211 to form a closed cavity for placing the electrode assemblies 22. The housing 211 is filled with an electrolyte, such as an electrolyte solution.

[0143] In this battery cell 20, the electrode assembly 22 is the component in which the electrochemical reaction occurs. Depending on actual usage requirements, the electrode assembly 22 within the casing 211 can be one or multiple. For example, as... Figure 4 As shown, two electrode assemblies 22 are provided inside the battery cell 20. The electrode assembly 22 can be a cylinder, a cuboid, etc. If the electrode assembly 22 is a cylindrical structure, the housing 211 can also be a cylindrical structure. If the electrode assembly 22 is a cuboid structure, the housing 211 can also be a cuboid structure.

[0144] In this battery cell 20, the electrode assembly 22 is the component in which the electrochemical reaction occurs. Depending on actual usage requirements, the electrode assembly 22 within the casing 211 can be one or multiple. For example, as... Figure 4 As shown, two electrode assemblies 22 are disposed within the battery cell 20. The electrode assembly 22 can be a cylinder, a cuboid, etc. If the electrode assembly 22 is a cylindrical structure, the housing 211 can also be a cylindrical structure; if the electrode assembly 22 is a cuboid structure, the housing 211 can also be a cuboid structure. In this embodiment, the material of the housing 211 may include the following materials: copper, iron, aluminum, steel, aluminum alloy, etc.

[0145] A pressure relief mechanism 213 may also be provided on the battery cell 20. The pressure relief mechanism 213 is actuated to release the internal pressure or temperature when the internal pressure or temperature of the battery cell 20 reaches a threshold.

[0146] The pressure relief mechanism 213 can be any of the possible pressure relief mechanisms 213. For example, the pressure relief mechanism 213 can be a temperature-sensitive pressure relief mechanism, which is configured to melt when the internal temperature of the battery cell 20 with the pressure relief mechanism 213 reaches a threshold; and / or, the pressure relief mechanism 213 can be a pressure-sensitive pressure relief mechanism, which is configured to rupture when the internal gas pressure of the battery cell 20 with the pressure relief mechanism 213 reaches a threshold.

[0147] In some implementations, an insulating element may also be provided in the battery cell 20. The insulating element is disposed in the accommodating space of the housing 211, and the insulating element may be a hollow structure with one or more openings. The accommodating space in the hollow structure is used to accommodate the electrode assembly 22 to improve the insulation performance of the battery cell 20.

[0148] Figure 5 A cross-sectional schematic diagram of a battery cell 20 provided in an embodiment of this application is shown. Figure 6 A cross-sectional schematic diagram of a battery cell 20 provided in another embodiment of this application is shown. Figure 7 A cross-sectional schematic diagram of a heat insulation layer 60 provided in one embodiment of this application is shown. Exemplarily, the... Figure 5 The cross-sectional schematic diagram shown can be a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the battery cell 20 in the direction perpendicular to the length of the battery cell 20. Figure 6 The cross-sectional schematic diagram shown can be a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the battery cell 20 in the direction perpendicular to the thickness of the battery cell 20.

[0149] In some implementations, such as Figures 5 to 7As shown, this application embodiment provides a battery cell 20, which includes a housing 211, an electrode assembly 22, and a heat insulation layer 60. The housing 211 includes a receiving cavity 50 with an opening 510 at one end, and the electrode assembly 22 is received in the receiving cavity 50. The heat insulation layer 60 is disposed on at least a portion of the surface of the housing 211 facing the receiving cavity 50. The heat insulation layer 60 includes a heat insulation substrate 610 and a heat-conducting structure 620, and the heat-conducting structure 620 is formed inside the heat insulation substrate 610.

[0150] It should be understood that the housing 211 in this embodiment includes a receiving cavity 50 with an opening 510 at one end, which can be used to receive the electrode assembly 22. That is, the housing 211 can be a hollow structure with an opening 510, and the electrode assembly 22 is received inside the hollow structure. It should also be understood that the shape of the opening 510 of the housing 211 can be set to be circular, square, or polygonal, etc. Specifically, the shape of the opening 510 can be matched according to the shape of the housing 211. For example, when the housing 211 is set as follows... Figure 3 or Figure 4 In the case of the square structure shown, the opening at one end of the housing 211 can be set to be square.

[0151] It should also be understood that the heat insulation layer 60 in the embodiments of this application is disposed on at least a portion of the surface of the housing 211 facing the cavity 50, which may mean that the heat insulation layer 60 can cover at least a portion of the surface of the housing 211 facing the cavity 50, and the heat insulation layer 60 can be bonded or thermally fused to at least a portion of the surface of the housing 211 facing the cavity 50.

[0152] It should also be understood that the heat insulation layer 60 in this embodiment includes a heat insulation substrate 610 and a heat-conducting structure 620. That is, the heat insulation substrate 610 in the heat insulation layer 60 can block the heat generated by the electrode assembly 22 to reduce the thermal impact on adjacent battery cells 20. Secondly, the heat-conducting structure 620 in the heat insulation layer 60 can conduct the heat generated by the electrode assembly 22. That is, the heat generated by the electrode assembly 22 can be transferred to the external thermal management component through the heat-conducting structure 620 and the housing 211 in sequence, so as to regulate the temperature of the battery cell 20 and reduce the risk of thermal runaway of the battery cell 20.

[0153] It should also be understood that the thermal management component in the embodiments of this application may be disposed on the outside of the battery cell 20 and attached to the outer surface of the battery cell 20. The thermal management component is used to regulate the temperature of the battery cell 20 to improve the performance of the battery cell 20.

[0154] It should also be understood that the thermally conductive structure 620 is formed inside the thermal insulation substrate 610. This can mean that during the preparation of the thermal insulation layer 60, the material of the thermally conductive structure 620 is stirred with the material of the thermal insulation substrate 610 and then uniformly mixed by ultrasonication. In this case, the material of the thermal insulation substrate 610 can be aerogel, polymer foam, or polyimide. Alternatively, the material of the thermally conductive structure 620 can be incorporated into the interior of the thermal insulation substrate 610. In this case, the material of the thermal insulation substrate 610 can be ceramic fiber or mica sheet.

[0155] In this embodiment, by providing a heat insulation layer 60 in the battery cell 20, and the heat insulation layer 60 being disposed on at least a portion of the surface of the housing 211 facing the receiving cavity 50, and the heat insulation layer 60 including a heat insulation substrate 610 and a heat-conducting structure 620, the heat-conducting structure 620 being formed inside the heat insulation substrate 610, during the use of the battery cell 20, the heat insulation substrate 610 in the heat insulation layer 60 can block the heat generated by the electrode assembly 22, thereby reducing the thermal impact between adjacent battery cells 20. Furthermore, the heat generated by the electrode assembly 22 can be sequentially transferred to the external thermal management components through the heat-conducting structure 620 and the housing 211, so as to regulate the temperature of the battery cell 20, reduce the risk of thermal runaway of the battery cell 20, and thereby improve the performance of the battery cell 20.

[0156] In some implementations, such as Figure 7 As shown, the heat insulation layer 60 also includes a heat absorption structure 630, which is formed on the outer surface of the heat insulation substrate 610.

[0157] It should be understood that the heat-absorbing structure 630 in this embodiment can absorb the heat generated by the electrode assembly 22, effectively reduce the thermal impact of the battery cell 20 on adjacent battery cells 20, and transfer the heat to the thermal management component outside the battery cell 20 in a timely manner through the heat-conducting structure 620, so as to regulate the temperature of the battery cell 20.

[0158] It should also be understood that the heat-absorbing structure 630 being formed on the outer surface of the heat-insulating substrate 610 can mean that the heat-absorbing structure 630 can be coated on the outer surface of the heat-insulating substrate 610. Specifically, the heat-absorbing structure 630 can be coated on the outer surface of the heat-insulating substrate 610 facing the receiving cavity 50.

[0159] In this embodiment, by configuring the heat insulation layer 60 to also include a heat absorption structure 630, and the heat absorption structure 630 being formed on the outer surface of the heat insulation substrate 610, the heat generated by the electrode assembly 22 can be effectively absorbed during the use of the battery cell 20, effectively reducing the thermal impact of the battery cell 20 on adjacent battery cells 20, and transferring the heat to the thermal management component in a timely manner through the heat conduction structure 620, so as to regulate the temperature of the battery cell 20, reduce the risk of thermal runaway of the battery cell 20, and thereby improve the performance of the battery cell 20.

[0160] In some implementations, such as Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, the housing 211 includes connected sidewalls 2111 and bottom wall 2112. The bottom wall 2112 is disposed opposite to the opening 510. The heat insulation layer 60 is disposed on at least a portion of the surface of the first wall 215 facing the receiving cavity 50. The first wall 215 is the wall with the largest area among the sidewalls 2111.

[0161] It should be understood that the housing 211 includes connected sidewalls 2111 and bottom wall 2112, which may mean that the sidewalls 2111 and bottom wall 2112 can be bonded or welded together, or the housing 211 can be integrally formed. For example, the housing 211 can be integrally stamped to form the sidewalls 2111 and bottom wall 2112.

[0162] It should also be understood that the first wall 215 being the wall with the largest area among the side walls 2111 can mean that, in the case where the battery device 10 includes multiple battery cells 20, the first wall 215 can be the wall between two adjacent battery cells 20. For example, as... Figure 3 or Figure 4 As shown, when the battery cell 20 is configured as a square battery cell 20, the wall with the largest area in the side wall 2111 of the housing 211 can be Figure 3 or Figure 4 The first wall 215 is shown in the figure.

[0163] It should also be understood that by disposing the heat insulation layer 60 on at least a portion of the surface of the first wall 215 facing the receiving cavity 50, the thermal impact of the battery cell 20 on adjacent battery cells 20 can be effectively reduced during the use of the battery cell 20, thereby reducing the risk of thermal runaway of the battery cell 20.

[0164] In this embodiment, by configuring the housing 211 to include connected sidewalls 2111 and bottom wall 2112, the bottom wall 2112 being disposed opposite to the opening 510, and the heat insulation layer 60 being disposed on at least a portion of the surface of the first wall 215 facing the receiving cavity 50, the first wall 215 being the wall with the largest area among the sidewalls 2111, during the use of the battery cell 20, the thermal impact of the battery cell 20 on adjacent battery cells 20 is further reduced, thereby reducing the risk of thermal runaway of the battery cell 20 and improving the performance of the battery cell 20.

[0165] Figure 8 A cross-sectional schematic diagram of a battery cell 20 provided in another embodiment of this application is shown. Figure 9 A cross-sectional schematic diagram of a battery cell 20 according to another embodiment of this application is shown. Exemplarily, the... Figure 8 The cross-sectional schematic diagram shown can be a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the battery cell 20 in the direction perpendicular to the length of the battery cell 20. Figure 9 The cross-sectional schematic diagram shown can be a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the battery cell 20 in the direction perpendicular to the thickness of the battery cell 20.

[0166] In some implementations, such as Figure 8 and Figure 9 As shown, the heat insulation layer 60 is also disposed on at least a portion of the surface of the bottom wall 2112 facing the receiving cavity 50.

[0167] It should be understood that the heat insulation layer 60 is also disposed on at least a portion of the surface of the bottom wall 2112 facing the cavity 50, which means that the heat insulation layer 60 can be bonded or thermally fused to at least a portion of the surface of the bottom wall 2112 facing the cavity 50.

[0168] In this embodiment, by further disposing the heat insulation layer 60 on at least a portion of the surface of the bottom wall 2112 facing the receiving cavity 50, the thermal impact of the battery cell 20 on adjacent battery cells 20 can be further reduced during the use of the battery cell 20. At the same time, the heat generated by the electrode assembly 22 can be transferred to the thermal management component through the thermally conductive structure 620 in the heat insulation layer 60, thereby reducing the risk of thermal runaway of the battery cell 20 and improving the performance of the battery cell 20.

[0169] In some implementations, such as Figure 7 As shown, the interior of the heat insulation substrate 610 has a closed pore structure 611.

[0170] It should be understood that the interior of the thermal insulation substrate 610 has a closed pore structure 611, which reduces the thermal conductivity of the thermal insulation substrate 610 and reduces the thermal bridging effect. In other words, the closed pore structure 611 can block the path of heat transfer through the thermal insulation substrate 610, thereby improving the thermal insulation performance of the thermal insulation substrate 610. It should also be understood that the shape of the closed pore structure 611 can be set according to actual needs; for example, the shape of the closed pore structure 611 can be irregular.

[0171] In this embodiment of the application, by providing a closed pore structure 611 inside the heat insulation substrate 610, the heat insulation performance of the heat insulation substrate 610 can be improved. During the use of the battery cell 20, the thermal impact of the battery cell 20 on adjacent battery cells 20 can be further reduced, the risk of thermal runaway of the battery cell 20 can be reduced, thereby improving the performance of the battery cell 20.

[0172] In some implementations, the battery cell 20 also includes an end cap assembly 212 that covers the opening 510, and the heat insulation layer 60 is also disposed on at least a portion of the surface of the end cap assembly 212 facing the receiving cavity 50.

[0173] It should be understood that the end cap assembly 212 can close to the opening 510 so that the electrode assembly 22 can be accommodated inside the housing 211.

[0174] It should also be understood that by further providing the heat insulation layer 60 on at least a portion of the surface of the end cap assembly 212 facing the receiving cavity 50, the thermal impact of the battery cell 20 on adjacent battery cells 20 is further reduced, thereby reducing the risk of thermal runaway of the battery cell 20.

[0175] In this embodiment, by further disposing the heat insulation layer 60 on at least a portion of the surface of the end cap assembly 212 facing the receiving cavity 50, the thermal impact of the battery cell 20 on adjacent battery cells 20 can be further reduced during the use of the battery cell 20. At the same time, the heat generated by the electrode assembly 22 can be transferred to the thermal management component through the thermally conductive structure 620 in the heat insulation layer 60, thereby reducing the risk of thermal runaway of the battery cell 20 and improving the performance of the battery cell 20.

[0176] In some implementations, such as Figure 5 , Figure 6 , Figure 8 and Figure 9 As shown, the ratio between the thickness D1 of the heat insulation layer 60 and the thickness D2 of the battery cell 20 satisfies: 0.001≤D1 / D2≤0.04.

[0177] It should be understood that the thickness D1 of the insulation layer 60 in the embodiments of this application can refer to the maximum thickness, minimum thickness, or average thickness of the insulation layer 60. For example, the thickness D1 of the insulation layer 60 can refer to the average thickness of the insulation layer 60.

[0178] For example, the ratio between the thickness D1 of the heat insulation layer 60 and the thickness D2 of the battery cell 20 can be set to: 0.001, 0.002, 0.003, 0.004, 0.005, 0.006, 0.007, 0.008, 0.009, 0.01, 0.02, 0.03, 0.04, etc., or its value is within the range obtained by any combination of the above two values.

[0179] In this embodiment of the application, the ratio between the thickness D1 of the heat insulation layer 60 and the thickness D2 of the battery cell 20 is set to satisfy: 0.001≤D1 / D2≤0.04, so as to balance the heat insulation performance of the heat insulation layer 60 and the energy density of the battery cell 20, while facilitating the processing and assembly of the battery cell 20, thereby improving the performance of the battery cell 20.

[0180] In some implementations, such as Figure 5 , Figure 6 , Figure 8 and Figure 9 As shown, the ratio between the thickness D1 of the heat insulation layer 60 and the thickness D2 of the battery cell 20 satisfies: 0.006≤D1 / D2≤0.01.

[0181] For example, the ratio between the thickness D1 of the heat insulation layer 60 and the thickness D2 of the battery cell 20 can also be set to: 0.006, 0.007, 0.008, 0.009, 0.01, etc., or its value is within the range obtained by any combination of the above two values.

[0182] In this embodiment of the application, by setting the ratio between the thickness D1 of the heat insulation layer 60 and the thickness D2 of the battery cell 20 to satisfy: 0.006≤D1 / D2≤0.01, the heat insulation performance of the heat insulation layer 60 and the energy density of the battery cell are effectively balanced, while facilitating the processing and assembly of the battery cell 20, thereby improving the performance of the battery cell 20.

[0183] In some implementations, the thickness D1 of the insulation layer 60 satisfies: 0.05mm≤D1≤2mm.

[0184] For example, the thickness D1 of the insulation layer 60 can be set to: 0.05mm, 0.06mm, 0.07mm, 0.08mm, 0.09mm, 0.1mm, 0.2mm, 0.3mm, 0.4mm, 0.5mm, 0.6mm, 0.7mm, 0.8mm, 0.9mm, 1mm, 1.1mm, 1.2mm, 1.3mm, 1.4mm, 1.5mm, 1.6mm, 1.7mm, 1.8mm, 1.9mm, 2mm, etc., or its value is within the range obtained by any combination of the above two values.

[0185] In this embodiment of the application, by setting the thickness D1 of the heat insulation layer 60 to satisfy: 0.05mm≤D1≤2mm, the heat insulation performance of the heat insulation layer 60 and the energy density of the battery cell 20 are taken into account, while facilitating the processing and assembly of the battery cell 20, thereby improving the performance of the battery cell 20.

[0186] In some other implementations, the thickness D1 of the insulation layer 60 also satisfies: 0.3mm≤D1≤0.5mm.

[0187] In some implementations, the material of the thermal insulation substrate 610 is one of the following: aerogel, polymer foam, polyimide, ceramic fiber.

[0188] It should be understood that in the embodiments of this application, when the material of the heat insulation substrate 610 is set as aerogel, polymer foam, polyimide or ceramic fiber, the above materials have certain insulating properties, so as to insulate the electrode assembly 22 and the inner wall of the housing 211, thereby reducing the risk of short circuit of the battery cell 20 caused by the overlap between the electrode assembly 22 and the housing 211.

[0189] In this embodiment of the application, by setting the material of the heat insulation substrate 610 to one of the following materials: aerogel, polymer foam, polyimide, ceramic fiber, the heat insulation performance of the heat insulation substrate 610 is improved. During the use of the battery cell 20, the thermal impact of the battery cell 20 on adjacent battery cells 20 can be further reduced, thereby improving the performance of the battery cell 20.

[0190] In some implementations, the material of the thermally conductive structure 620 is one of the following: graphene, metal powder, and carbon fiber. Thus, in this embodiment, by setting the material of the thermally conductive structure 620 to one of the following: graphene, metal powder, and carbon fiber, the thermal conductivity of the thermally conductive structure 620 is improved. During the use of the battery cell 20, the heat generated by the electrode assembly 22 can be transferred sequentially through the thermally conductive structure 620 and the housing 211 to the external thermal management components, thereby regulating the temperature of the battery cell 20, reducing the risk of thermal runaway, and improving the performance of the battery cell 20.

[0191] In some implementations, the heat-absorbing structure 630 is made of polyethylene wax. Thus, in this embodiment, by setting the material of the heat-absorbing structure 630 to polyethylene wax, it can effectively absorb the heat generated by the electrode assembly 22 during the use of the battery cell 20, effectively reducing the thermal impact of the battery cell 20 on adjacent battery cells 20, and promptly transferring the heat to the thermal management component through the heat-conducting structure 620, thereby regulating the temperature of the battery cell 20, reducing the risk of thermal runaway, and improving the performance of the battery cell 20.

[0192] For example, during the preparation of the heat insulation layer 60, the material of the heat-conducting structure 620 can be doped into the interior of the heat insulation substrate 610, and the material of the heat-absorbing structure 630 can be coated on the outer surface of the heat insulation substrate 610 to form the fixed heat insulation layer 60 in the embodiments of this application.

[0193] According to some embodiments of this application, this application also provides a battery device 10, including a plurality of battery cells 20, wherein the battery cell 20 is the battery cell 20 in any of the above embodiments.

[0194] In some implementations, the heat insulation layer 60 is provided between any two adjacent battery cells 20 among the plurality of battery cells 20.

[0195] It should be understood that the heat insulation layer 60 in this embodiment can also be disposed on the outside of the battery cell 20, that is, between any two adjacent battery cells 20. Alternatively, in some other embodiments, the heat insulation layer 60 can also be disposed on at least a portion of the inner surface of the housing 11. As an example, this embodiment does not limit this.

[0196] In this embodiment of the application, by providing the heat insulation layer 60 between any two adjacent battery cells 20 in the plurality of battery cells 20, the heat insulation substrate 610 in the heat insulation layer 60 can effectively reduce the thermal impact between the two adjacent battery cells 20 during the use of the battery cell 20, thereby reducing the risk of thermal runaway of the battery cell 20 and improving the performance of the battery cell 20.

[0197] According to some embodiments of this application, this application also provides an electrical device, including the battery device 10 in any of the above embodiments, the battery device 10 being used to provide electrical energy to the electrical device. Specifically, the electrical device can be the above... Figure 1 The vehicle 1 shown can also be any electrical device that uses the battery device 10.

[0198] The power supply device can be any of the aforementioned devices or systems that utilize battery device 10.

[0199] According to some embodiments of this application, this application also provides an energy storage device, including the battery device 10 in any of the above embodiments, the battery device 10 being used to store electrical energy for the energy storage device.

[0200] Based on some embodiments of this application, see again the above. Figures 5 to 9 A battery cell 20 is provided, comprising: a housing 211, an electrode assembly 22, and a heat insulation layer 60. The housing 211 includes a receiving cavity 50 with an opening 510 at one end, in which the electrode assembly 22 is received. The heat insulation layer 60 is disposed on at least a portion of the surface of the housing 211 facing the receiving cavity 50. The heat insulation layer 60 includes a heat insulation substrate 610 and a heat-conducting structure 620, the heat-conducting structure 620 being formed inside the heat insulation substrate 610. The heat insulation layer 60 also includes a heat-absorbing structure 630 formed on the outer surface of the heat insulation substrate 610. The housing 211 includes connected sidewalls 2111 and a bottom wall 2112, the bottom wall 2112 being disposed opposite to the opening 510. The heat insulation layer 60 is disposed on at least a portion of the surface of a first wall 215 facing the receiving cavity 50, the first wall 215 being the wall with the largest area among the sidewalls 2111.

[0201] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this application, and not to limit them. Although this application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features therein. These modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, and they should all be covered within the scope of the claims and specification of this application. In particular, as long as there is no structural conflict, the various technical features mentioned in the embodiments can be combined in any way. This application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed herein, but includes all technical solutions falling within the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A battery cell, characterized in that, include: The housing (211) includes a receiving cavity (50) having an opening (510) at one end; Electrode assembly (22) is housed in the receiving cavity (50); A heat insulation layer (60) is disposed on at least a portion of the surface of the housing (211) facing the receiving cavity (50); The heat insulation layer (60) includes a heat insulation substrate (610) and a heat-conducting structure (620), wherein the heat-conducting structure (620) is formed inside the heat insulation substrate (610).

2. The battery cell according to claim 1, characterized in that, The insulation layer (60) further includes a heat-absorbing structure (630) formed on the outer surface of the insulation substrate (610).

3. The battery cell according to claim 1, characterized in that, The housing (211) includes connected sidewalls (2111) and bottom wall (2112), the bottom wall (2112) being disposed opposite to the opening (510), and the heat insulation layer (60) being disposed on at least a portion of the surface of the first wall (215) facing the receiving cavity (50), the first wall (215) being the wall with the largest area among the sidewalls (2111).

4. The battery cell according to claim 3, characterized in that, The heat insulation layer (60) is also disposed on at least a portion of the surface of the bottom wall (2112) facing the receiving cavity (50).

5. The battery cell according to claim 1, characterized in that, The interior of the heat insulation substrate (610) has a closed porous structure.

6. The battery cell according to claim 1, characterized in that, The battery cell also includes an end cap assembly (212) that covers the opening (510), and the heat insulation layer (60) is also disposed on at least a portion of the surface of the end cap assembly (212) facing the receiving cavity (50).

7. The battery cell according to claim 1, characterized in that, The ratio between the thickness D1 of the heat insulation layer (60) and the thickness D2 of the battery cell satisfies: 0.001≤D1 / D2≤0.

04.

8. The battery cell according to claim 7, characterized in that, The ratio between the thickness D1 of the heat insulation layer (60) and the thickness D2 of the battery cell satisfies: 0.006≤D1 / D2≤0.

01.

9. The battery cell according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that, The material of the heat insulation substrate (610) is one of the following: aerogel, polymer foam, polyimide, ceramic fiber.

10. The battery cell according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that, The material of the thermally conductive structure (620) is one of the following: graphene, metal powder, or carbon fiber.

11. The battery cell according to claim 2, characterized in that, The heat-absorbing structure (630) is made of polyethylene wax.

12. A battery device, characterized in that, include: Multiple battery cells, wherein the battery cells are as described in any one of claims 1 to 11.

13. The battery device according to claim 12, characterized in that, The heat insulation layer (60) is provided between any two adjacent battery cells in the plurality of battery cells.

14. An electrical appliance, characterized in that, include: The battery device of claim 12, wherein the battery device is used to provide electrical energy to the electrical device.

15. An energy storage device, characterized in that, include: The battery device of claim 12, wherein the battery device is used to store electrical energy for the energy storage device.

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