A pneumatic pasture drill

Abstract

This invention discloses a pneumatic forage mixed seeder, belonging to the field of agricultural machinery technology. The mixed seeder structure includes: a PTO connecting shaft, a traction beam, a generator, a belt, a speed measuring radar, a controller, a storage battery, a fertilizer applicator, a fertilizer discharge pipe, a frame, ground wheels, a speed encoder, a hydraulic cylinder, a seed delivery pipe, a seeding unit, a drive shaft, pulleys, a hydraulic pump, a fertilizer tank, a fertilizer discharge device, a legume seed box, a distributor, a gramineous seed box, a fan, a seed metering wheel, a gramineous seed metering device, a motor, a reducer, hydraulic valves, a hydraulic motor, a legume seed metering device, a venturi tube, a pressure boosting pipe, an air supply pipe, a seed metering monitoring sensor, and a fertilizer monitoring sensor. Compared with traditional seeders, this invention offers higher seeding precision, easier operation, comprehensive monitoring of seeding performance, and reduced operator workload. It meets the needs of modern, efficient, and intelligent forage mixed seeding, solves the problem of unavailable organic fertilizers for forage reseeding, and provides mechanical support for the automation and intelligent development of forage mixed seeding.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of agricultural machinery technology, and more specifically to a pneumatic forage mixing machine. Background Technology

[0002] Reseeding forage grasses is an important means of addressing grassland degradation in my country. Mixing legume and gramineous forage grass seeds during reseeding improves forage grass survival rates. Currently, my country faces a shortage of suitable organic seeders for mixed forage grass reseeding. Traditional seeders are mostly designed for large-scale field applications and typically sow only a single crop, failing to meet the needs of mixed seeding. Furthermore, the surface of naturally degraded grasslands is often rocky, and traditional seeders, due to their limited contouring capabilities, cannot overcome large stones, frequently resulting in furrow opener damage. This invention addresses these practical problems by developing a pneumatic forage grass mixed seeder for reseeding degraded grasslands. Compared to traditional seeders, this machine employs a large contouring furrow opener and a low-disturbance, high-strength furrowing disc, enabling it to traverse rocks on the grassland surface. Equipped with two seed boxes and a seed metering device, it can independently and precisely dispense legume and gramineous forage grass seeds, which are then mixed before sowing. These methods effectively solve the problems encountered in mixed forage grass reseeding operations. Furthermore, the machine can quickly change the corresponding grooved wheel according to different seed shapes, resulting in higher sowing precision. It adopts a wireless connection control console, making operation more convenient and allowing for comprehensive monitoring of sowing performance, thus reducing the workload of the machine operator. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This invention addresses the practical problem of the lack of available inorganic forage mixes by providing a pneumatic forage mix-seeding device. By increasing the contouring amount and independently planting legume and grass seeds, it solves the problems of grassland stones damaging individual seedlings and poor mix-seeding quality of legume and grass seeds. It also has high mix-seeding efficiency and minimal ground disturbance.

[0004] A pneumatic forage mixer addressing the aforementioned problems is proposed, comprising a PTO connecting shaft, traction beam, generator, belt, speed radar, controller, battery, fertilizer applicator, fertilizer discharge pipe, frame, ground wheel, speed encoder, hydraulic cylinder, seed delivery pipe, seeding unit, drive shaft, pulley, hydraulic pump, fertilizer tank, fertilizer discharger, legume seed box, distributor, grass seed box, fan, seed metering wheel, grass seed metering device, electric motor, reducer, hydraulic valve, hydraulic motor, legume seed metering device, venturi tube, booster pipe, air delivery pipe, seed metering monitoring sensor, fertilizer monitoring sensor, etc. The grass seed box and legume seed box are fixed directly above the machine frame and separated by a partition. The legume seed metering device is fixed to the bottom of the legume seed box, and the grass seed metering device is fixed to the bottom of the grass seed box. A venturi tube is fixed to the outlet of the grass seed metering device. One end of each of the two reducers is connected to the legume seed metering device and the grass seed metering device, respectively, and the other end is connected to the motor, which is controlled by a controller. The fertilizer box is fixed to the upper front of the machine frame, the fertilizer metering device is fixed to the bottom of the fertilizer box, and the fertilizer monitoring sensor is fixed to the outlet of the fertilizer metering device. The controller is fixed to the lower left of the fertilizer box. The battery is fixed to the lower right of the fertilizer box and is connected to the generator via a cable. The motor and controller are connected; the traction beam is hinged at the front of the frame, the generator is fixed above the traction beam, the drive shaft is mounted above the traction beam via bearings, and the pulley is fixed on the drive shaft; during operation, the PTO connecting shaft outputs power to the drive shaft, the drive shaft drives the pulley to rotate, and the pulley drives the generator to generate electricity via a belt; the fertilizer applicator is fixed at the lower front of the frame and connected to the fertilizer monitoring sensor via a fertilizer pipe; two fans are fixed at the upper rear of the frame; one end of the air supply pipe is connected to the fan outlet, and the other end is connected to the venturi tube; the booster pipe is fixed above the venturi tube, and the distributor is fixed. Above the booster pipe, the seed metering monitoring sensor is fixed to the seed outlet of the distributor; the seeding unit is fixed to the lower rear of the frame and connected to the seed metering monitoring sensor via the seed delivery pipe; the hydraulic pump is fixed above the traction beam and connected to the drive shaft, and the power output from the tractor's PTO connecting shaft drives the hydraulic pump through the drive shaft; the hydraulic pump is connected to the hydraulic motor on the blower via an oil pipe and drives the hydraulic motor to rotate the blower; hydraulic valves are connected in series in the oil circuit; the ground wheel is located below the frame and is hinged to the frame via an oil cylinder; the speed measuring radar is fixed to the left side of the traction beam; the speed encoder is fixed to the lower left of the frame and connected to the ground wheel.

[0005] The sowing unit mainly consists of a compression spring, a mounting base, a stubble breaker, a tension spring, a connecting rod, a furrowing disc, a press wheel, and a chain. The mounting base is fixed to the frame, the stubble breaker is hinged to the mounting base, one end of the compression spring is connected to the mounting base, and the other end is connected to the stubble breaker, providing ground pressure to the stubble breaker during operation. The furrowing disc is hinged to the rear of the mounting base via a connecting rod, forming a four-bar linkage. One end of the tension spring is connected to the mounting base, and the other end is connected to the furrowing disc, providing ground pressure to the furrowing disc during operation. The press wheel is fixed to the rear of the furrowing disc, and the chain is fixed to the rear of the press wheel.

[0006] The dispenser mainly consists of an electric push rod, a mesh screen, springs, an air outlet cover, a screw, a nut, an upper cover, a base plate, a corrugated pipe, a bell mouth, a stop block, a connecting rod, and a seed outlet tube. One bell mouth is fixed inside each of the legume and grass seed boxes. The base plate is fixed to the upper part of the bell mouth, and the seed outlet tubes are evenly distributed around the outer circumference of the base plate. The upper cover is fixed to the upper part of the seed outlet tubes, and the mesh screen is fixed to the central hole of the upper cover. The screw is evenly fixed to the upper cover. The stop block is hinged inside the seed outlet tube, covering the rectangular hole on the base plate. The electric push rod is fixed above the upper cover and evenly distributed along the circumference, connected to the stop block via a connecting rod to form a linkage mechanism. The air outlet cover is located above the mesh screen, and springs are evenly distributed above the air outlet cover, fitted onto the screw. One end of the spring contacts the air outlet cover, and the other end contacts the nut. The spring pressure is adjusted by rotating the nut. Attached Figure Description

[0007] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments recorded in this invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings.

[0008] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a pneumatic forage mixing and seeding machine provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0009] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the seeding system structure provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0010] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the seeding monomer structure provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0011] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the distributor structure provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0012] Figure label:

[0013] 1PTO connecting shaft

[0014] 2 traction beams

[0015] 3 generators

[0016] 4 belts

[0017] 5 speed measuring radars

[0018] 6 controllers

[0019] 7 batteries

[0020] 8 fertilizer units

[0021] 9 rows of fat pipes

[0022] 10 racks

[0023] 11 Earth wheels

[0024] 12-speed encoder

[0025] 13 hydraulic cylinders

[0026] 14 Seed delivery tubes

[0027] 15 seed units

[0028] 151 Compression Spring

[0029] 152 mounting base

[0030] 153 Stubble Breaker

[0031] 154 tension spring

[0032] 155 Link

[0033] 156 trenching plate

[0034] 157 Press Roller

[0035] 158 chain

[0036] 16 drive shafts

[0037] 17 pulleys

[0038] 18 hydraulic pump

[0039] 19 fat boxes

[0040] 20-discharge fertilizer dispenser

[0041] 21 Legume Seed Boxes

[0042] 22 Distributor

[0043] 221 Electric Linear Actuator

[0044] 222 mesh

[0045] 223 spring

[0046] 224 air outlet cover

[0047] 225 screw

[0048] 226 nuts

[0049] 227 top cover

[0050] 228 base plate

[0051] 229 Corrugated Pipe

[0052] 2210 horn mouth

[0053] 2211 stop block

[0054] 2212 connecting rod

[0055] 2213 Seedling tube

[0056] 23 Gramineae Seed Boxes

[0057] 24 fans

[0058] 25-row seed tray wheel

[0059] 26 Gramineae Seed Meter

[0060] 27 electric motors

[0061] 28 reducer

[0062] 29 Hydraulic valve

[0063] 30 hydraulic motor

[0064] 31 Legume Seed Meter

[0065] 32 Venturi tube

[0066] 33 booster pipe

[0067] 34 air supply pipe

[0068] 35 seed monitoring sensors

[0069] 36 Fertilizer Monitoring Sensors Detailed Implementation

[0070] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings:

[0071] The pneumatic forage mixing and seeding machine of the present invention is characterized by comprising: a PTO connecting shaft 1, a traction beam 2, a generator 3, a belt 4, a speed measuring radar 5, a controller 6, a storage battery 7, a fertilizer applicator 8, a fertilizer discharge pipe 9, a frame 10, a ground wheel 11, a speed encoder 12, a hydraulic cylinder 13, a seed delivery pipe 14, a seeding unit 15, a drive shaft 16, a pulley 17, a hydraulic pump 18, a fertilizer tank 19, a fertilizer discharge device 20, a legume seed box 21, a distributor 22, a grass seed box 23, a fan 24, a seed metering wheel 25, a grass seed metering device 26, a motor 27, a reducer 28, a hydraulic valve 29, a hydraulic motor 30, a legume seed metering device 31, a venturi tube 32, a booster pipe 33, an air conveyor pipe 34, and a seed metering monitor. The measuring sensor 35 and fertilizer monitoring sensor 36 are used; the grass seed box 23 and legume seed box 21 are fixed directly above the frame 10; the legume seed metering device 31 is fixed at the bottom of the legume seed box 21, the grass seed metering device 26 is fixed at the bottom of the grass seed box 23, and the venturi tube 32 is fixed at the outlet of the grass seed metering device 26; one end of the reducer 28 is connected to the grass seed metering device 26, and the other end is connected to the motor 27, which is controlled by the controller 6; the fertilizer box 19 is fixed at the front upper part of the frame 10, the fertilizer metering device 20 is fixed at the bottom of the fertilizer box 19, and the fertilizer monitoring sensor 36 is fixed at the outlet of the fertilizer metering device 20; the controller 6 is fixed at the lower left of the fertilizer box 19; the traction beam 2 is hinged to the front of the frame 10, and the generator 3 is fixed to the traction beam. Above beam 2, drive shaft 16 is mounted on traction beam 2 via bearings, and pulley 17 is fixed on drive shaft 16. During operation, one end of PTO connecting shaft 1 is connected to the tractor, and the other end is connected to drive shaft 16, transmitting the power output from the tractor to drive shaft 16. Drive shaft 16 drives pulley 17 to rotate, and pulley 17 drives generator 27 to generate electricity via belt 4. Battery 7 is fixed to the right side of controller 6 and is connected to generator 27 via cable. DC power generated by generator 27 is stored in battery 7. Battery 7 is connected to motor 27 and controller 6 via cable and supplies them power. Fertilizer applicator 8 is fixed to the lower front of frame 10 and is connected to fertilizer monitoring sensor 3 via fertilizer discharge pipe 9. 6. Connections: Two fans 24 are fixed above the rear of the frame 10; one end of the air supply pipe 34 is connected to the air outlet of the fan 24, and the other end is connected to the venturi tube 32; the booster pipe 33 is fixed above the venturi tube 32, the distributor 22 is fixed above the booster pipe 33, and the seed metering monitoring sensor 35 is fixed at the seed outlet of the distributor 22; the seeding unit 15 is fixed below the rear of the frame 10 and is connected to the seed metering monitoring sensor 35 through the seed supply pipe 14; the hydraulic pump 18 is fixed above the traction beam 2 and connected to the drive shaft 16. The power transmitted from the PTO connecting shaft 1 drives the hydraulic pump 18 through the drive shaft 16; the hydraulic pump 18 is connected to the hydraulic motor 30 on the fan 24 through the oil pipe and drives the hydraulic motor 30 to rotate the fan 24.Hydraulic valve 29 is connected in series in the oil circuit and is connected to controller 6 via cable. Controller 6 dynamically adjusts the speed of fan 24 through hydraulic valve 29, thereby controlling the seed conveying speed. Ground wheel 11 is located below frame 10 and is hinged to frame 10 via hydraulic cylinder 13. The tractor driver raises and lowers the entire machine by controlling the extension and retraction of hydraulic cylinder 13. Seed metering wheel 25 is located inside grass seed metering device 26 and legume seed metering device 31. By changing seed metering wheel 25, different forage seeds can be sown. Speed ​​measuring radar 5 is fixed to the left side of traction beam 2. Speed ​​encoder 12 is fixed to the lower left of frame 10 and connected to ground wheel 11. Controller 6 comprehensively judges the operating speed measured by radar 5 and speed encoder 12, and outputs control signals to control the speed of motor 27 and motor on fertilizer metering device 20, thereby achieving uniform mixing of grass and legume forage seeds in a certain proportion.

[0072] The sowing unit 15 mainly comprises a compression spring 151, a mounting base 152, a stubble breaker 153, a tension spring 154, a connecting rod 155, a furrowing disc 156, a press wheel 157, and a chain 158. The mounting base 152 is fixed to the frame 10, and the stubble breaker 153 is hinged to the mounting base 152. One end of the compression spring 151 is connected to the mounting base 152, and the other end is connected to the stubble breaker 153, providing ground pressure to the stubble breaker 153 during operation. The furrowing disc 156 is hinged to the rear of the mounting base 152 via the connecting rod 155, forming a four-bar linkage. One end of the tension spring 154 is connected to the mounting base 152, and the other end is connected to the furrowing disc 156, providing ground pressure to the furrowing disc 156 during operation. The press wheel 157... 57 is fixed behind the furrowing disc 156, and chain 158 is fixed behind the press wheel 157; the seeding unit 15 is shaped by a four-bar linkage mechanism with a maximum shaping amount of 300mm; the furrowing disc 156 adopts a double disc structure with an angle of less than 10 degrees, which minimizes disturbance to the grassland and prevents damage to the grassland during operation; after the seed furrow is dug and sown by the chain 158, it covers the furrow with soil, characterized by a soil layer of 1-5mm, which meets the agronomic requirements for forage sowing and minimizes damage to the grassland.

[0073] The dispenser mainly consists of an electric push rod 221, a mesh screen 222, a spring 223, an air outlet cover 224, a screw 225, a nut 226, an upper cover 227, a bottom plate 228, a corrugated pipe 229, a bell mouth 2210, a stop block 2211, a connecting rod 2212, and a seed outlet pipe 2213. The funnel-shaped opening 2210 is fixed inside the legume seed box 21 and the grass seed box 23, one of each; the base plate 228 is fixed above the funnel-shaped opening 2210; the seed outlet tubes 2213 are evenly distributed on the outer circumference of the base plate 228; the upper cover plate 227 is fixed above the seed outlet tubes 2213; the mesh 222 is fixed on the circular hole in the center of the upper cover plate 227; the screws 225 are evenly fixed on the upper cover plate 227; the stop block 2211 is hinged inside the seed outlet tubes 2213, covering the rectangular hole on the base plate 228; the electric push rod 221 is fixed above the upper cover plate 227, and evenly distributed along the circumference. The distribution is connected to the stop block 2211 via the connecting rod 2212 to form a linkage mechanism. The size of the ventilation section inside the seed tube 2213 can be adjusted by controlling the electric push rod 221, thereby controlling the seeding amount of each row. The air outlet cover plate 224 is located above the mesh 222. Springs 223 are evenly distributed above the air outlet cover plate 224 and are sleeved on the screw 225. One end of the spring 223 contacts the air outlet cover plate 224, and the other end contacts the nut 226. By rotating the nut 226, the pressure of the spring 223 can be adjusted to regulate the wind speed in each seed tube 2213.

[0074] The foregoing has only described certain exemplary embodiments of the present invention by way of illustration. Undoubtedly, those skilled in the art can modify the described embodiments in various ways without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, the foregoing drawings and descriptions are illustrative in nature and should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A pneumatic pasture mix seeder characterised in that, include: The machine includes a PTO connecting shaft, traction beam, generator, belt, speed radar, controller, battery, fertilizer applicator, fertilizer discharge pipe, frame, ground wheel, speed encoder, hydraulic cylinder, seed delivery pipe, seeding unit, drive shaft, pulley, hydraulic pump, fertilizer tank, fertilizer discharge device, legume seed box, distributor, grass seed box, fan, seed metering wheel, grass seed metering device, motor, reducer, hydraulic valve, hydraulic motor, legume seed metering device, venturi tube, booster pipe, air supply pipe, seed metering monitoring sensor, and fertilizer monitoring sensor; the grass seed box and legume seed box are fixed directly above the frame. Separated by partitions; the legume seed metering device is fixed to the bottom of the legume seed box, the grass seed metering device is fixed to the bottom of the grass seed box, and the venturi tube is fixed to the outlet of the grass seed metering device; one end of each of the two reducers is connected to the legume seed metering device and the grass seed metering device respectively, and the other end is connected to the motor, which is controlled by a controller; the fertilizer box is fixed to the upper front of the frame, the fertilizer metering device is fixed to the bottom of the fertilizer box, and the fertilizer monitoring sensor is fixed to the outlet of the fertilizer metering device; the controller is fixed to the lower left of the fertilizer box; the battery is fixed to the lower right of the fertilizer box, and the battery is connected to the generator, motor, and controller via cables; traction The beam is hinged at the front of the frame, the generator is fixed above the traction beam, and the drive shaft is mounted above the traction beam via bearings, with a pulley fixed to the drive shaft. During operation, the PTO connecting shaft outputs power to the drive shaft, which drives the pulley to rotate. The pulley then drives the generator to produce electricity via a belt. The fertilizer applicator is fixed at the lower front of the frame and connected to the fertilizer monitoring sensor via a fertilizer pipe. Two fans are fixed at the upper rear of the frame. One end of the air supply pipe connects to the fan outlet, and the other end connects to the venturi tube. The booster pipe is fixed above the venturi tube, and the distributor is fixed above the booster pipe. The seed metering monitoring sensor is fixed at the seed outlet of the distributor; the seeding unit is fixed at the lower rear of the frame and connected to the seed metering monitoring sensor via the seed delivery pipe; the hydraulic pump is fixed above the traction beam and connected to the drive shaft, and the power output from the tractor's PTO connecting shaft drives the hydraulic pump through the drive shaft; the hydraulic pump is connected to the hydraulic motor on the blower through an oil pipe and drives the hydraulic motor to rotate the blower; hydraulic valves are connected in series in the oil circuit; the ground wheel is located below the frame and is hinged to the frame via an oil cylinder; the speed measuring radar is fixed on the left side of the traction beam; the speed measuring encoder is fixed at the lower left of the frame and connected to the ground wheel.

2. A pneumatic pasture grass mix seeder according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sowing unit structure includes: a compression spring, a mounting base, a stubble breaker, a tension spring, a connecting rod, a furrowing disc, a press wheel, and a chain. The mounting base is fixed to the frame, the stubble breaker is hinged to the mounting base, one end of the compression spring is connected to the mounting base, and the other end is connected to the stubble breaker, providing ground pressure to the stubble breaker during operation. The furrowing disc is hinged to the rear of the mounting base via a connecting rod, forming a four-bar linkage. One end of the tension spring is connected to the mounting base, and the other end is connected to the furrowing disc, providing ground pressure to the furrowing disc during operation. The press wheel is fixed to the rear of the furrowing disc, and the chain is fixed to the rear of the press wheel.

3. A pneumatic pasture grass mix seeder according to claim 1, characterized in that, The distributor structure includes: an electric push rod, a mesh screen, a spring, an air outlet cover plate, a screw, a nut, an upper cover plate, a bottom plate, a corrugated pipe, a bell mouth, a stop block, a connecting rod, and a seed outlet pipe. One bell mouth is fixed inside each of the legume seed box and the grass seed box. The bottom plate is fixed to the upper part of the bell mouth. Seed outlet pipes are evenly distributed around the outer circumference of the bottom plate. The upper cover plate is fixed to the upper part of the seed outlet pipe. The mesh screen is fixed to the central hole of the upper cover plate. The screw is evenly fixed to the upper cover plate. The stop block is hinged inside the seed outlet pipe, covering the rectangular hole on the bottom plate. The electric push rod is fixed above the upper cover plate, evenly distributed along the circumference, and connected to the stop block via a connecting rod to form a linkage mechanism. The air outlet cover plate is located above the mesh screen. Springs are evenly distributed above the air outlet cover plate and are fitted onto the screw. One end of the spring contacts the air outlet cover plate, and the other end contacts the nut. The spring pressure is adjusted by rotating the nut.

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