A wearable device for monitoring human physiological parameters underwater

Abstract

This application discloses an underwater wearable device for monitoring human physiological parameters, including a wearable component, a body shell, and a photoelectric sensing unit. A control motherboard and a battery module are housed within the sealed cavity of the body shell, and the control motherboard and battery module are electrically connected to the photoelectric sensing unit. The body shell has a body-hugging wall and an outer wall. The body-hugging wall has a light-transmitting area. The photoelectric sensing unit is fixed within the sealed cavity. The outer wall includes inclined support sections at both ends and a planar section connecting the inclined support sections. The inclined support sections support the planar section away from the body-hugging wall. The photoelectric sensing unit can emit light beams of different wavelengths to human skin tissue through the light-transmitting area and receive the reflected light beams, allowing the control motherboard to calculate human physiological parameters based on the intensity of the reflected light beams. The two ends of the wearable component are connected to the body shell and together with the body shell, form a closed-loop restraint structure surrounding the human limbs. This device can accurately monitor human heart rate and blood oxygenation underwater, while also ensuring wearability and convenience.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of human physiological parameter monitoring technology, specifically to an underwater wearable device for monitoring human physiological parameters. Background Technology

[0002] Monitoring underwater physiological parameters is crucial for activities such as underwater sports, diving operations, swimming training, and underwater reconnaissance. Among numerous physiological parameters, heart rate and blood oxygen saturation are key indicators reflecting a person's health and activity levels. Traditional methods for monitoring these physiological parameters are mostly designed for terrestrial environments, such as electrocardiogram (ECG) monitors and finger-clip pulse oximeters. These devices typically require relatively stable, dry environments, and the user must be relatively still or only engaging in slight activity during use. However, the situation becomes extremely complex underwater.

[0003] On the one hand, underwater factors such as water pressure and current make it difficult for traditional wearable monitoring devices to adhere securely to the human body. They can easily shift or even fall off due to the impact of water currents or the body's movements in the water, leading to inconsistent and unreliable acquisition of accurate physiological parameters. For example, some watchband-style heart rate monitoring devices can be worn and function normally on land, but underwater, the straps can easily loosen due to water currents and the body's movements, resulting in poor contact between the sensor and the skin, causing measurement errors or monitoring interruptions. Furthermore, under water pressure, the device's casing, if not strong enough, can easily deform, compressing internal components and causing damage. On the other hand, water is destructive to electronic components. Ordinary devices lack effective waterproofing measures and cannot withstand the high pressure and prolonged immersion environment underwater. Once water enters the device, it can cause short circuits, component damage, and ultimately, device failure. Common, simple wearable health monitoring bracelets often have low waterproof ratings and may malfunction after prolonged underwater use, failing to meet the needs of monitoring physiological parameters during extended underwater work or activities. Furthermore, most current underwater physiological parameter monitoring devices are relatively limited in function, often only monitoring one specific parameter, such as heart rate or simply assessing oxygen deficiency. This fails to comprehensively reflect the true physiological state of the body underwater. In the complex and potentially dangerous underwater environment, relying solely on single-parameter monitoring is far from sufficient for timely detection of potential health risks and ensuring personnel safety. For example, during diving, monitoring only heart rate may not detect abnormal changes in blood oxygen levels, which can lead to serious discomfort or even death.

[0004] Therefore, existing human physiological parameter monitoring devices suffer from many problems when facing underwater environments, such as poor wearability, insufficient waterproof performance, limited functionality, and inconvenient operation. They are unable to meet the actual needs of comprehensive, accurate, and real-time monitoring of human physiological parameters in various underwater activities. Therefore, it is particularly urgent to develop an underwater human physiological parameter monitoring wearable device that can overcome the above-mentioned defects. Utility Model Content

[0005] To address the aforementioned technical issues, this application provides an underwater wearable device for monitoring human physiological parameters, which can operate reliably in underwater environments, accurately monitor human physiological parameters, and simultaneously ensure wearing comfort and convenience.

[0006] The technical solution adopted in this application is as follows:

[0007] A wearable device for monitoring underwater human physiological parameters includes a wearable component and a monitoring module. The monitoring module includes a body-hugging shell and a photoelectric sensing unit. The body-hugging shell has a sealed cavity, within which a control motherboard and a battery module are housed. The control motherboard and the battery module are electrically connected to the photoelectric sensing unit to achieve power transmission and signal transmission, respectively. The body-hugging shell has a body-hugging wall for conforming to human skin and an outer wall opposite to the body-hugging wall. The body-hugging wall has a light-transmitting area. The photoelectric sensing unit is fixed within the sealed cavity. The outer wall includes inclined support sections at both ends and a planar section connecting the inclined support sections at both ends, with the inclined support sections at both ends supporting the planar section away from the body-hugging wall. The photoelectric sensing unit can emit light beams of different wavelengths to human skin tissue through the light-transmitting area and receive the light beams reflected back by the human skin tissue. The control motherboard calculates human physiological parameters based on the intensity of the reflected light beams. The two ends of the wearable component are respectively connected to the body-hugging shell and can be combined with the body-hugging shell to form a closed-loop restraint structure surrounding the human limbs.

[0008] In this technical solution, a closed-loop restraint structure is formed by the wearable components and the body-hugging shell, facilitating wear and ensuring stable contact between the body wall and the photoelectric sensing unit with the human limbs. This reduces water interference with beam propagation and improves monitoring accuracy. The photoelectric sensing unit emits and receives reflected beams through its light-transmitting area, and analyzes the intensity of the reflected light through the control board to achieve non-invasive underwater monitoring of human physiological parameters (such as heart rate and blood oxygen saturation), solving the problems of inconvenient wear or low monitoring accuracy of traditional underwater monitoring equipment. The control board, battery module, and photoelectric sensing unit are housed within a sealed cavity, preventing water from entering the electronic components and improving waterproofing. Within the outer wall of the body-hugging shell, the diagonal bracing sections at both ends support the planar section away from the body-hugging wall, forming a mechanical structure similar to an "arch bridge." This effectively disperses the pressure of underwater high pressure on the sealed cavity, creating a pressure-resistant and buffering cavity structure within the sealed cavity. This significantly reduces the mechanical stress of water pressure on the precision electronic components (motherboard, battery) inside the sealed cavity, ensuring the safety of the internal control motherboard, battery module, and photoelectric sensing unit. It also increases the overall rigidity of the body-hugging shell, reducing the risk of seal failure due to bending or torsion. This is especially suitable for collision or friction scenarios that may be encountered during underwater operations. At the same time, it also improves the stability of the body-hugging wall, ensuring a constant skin contact angle for the photoelectric sensing unit. The raised area formed by the planar section away from the body-hugging wall provides a more spacious installation position for the internal structure.

[0009] The control motherboard, the battery module, and the photoelectric sensing unit are arranged in sequence. The control motherboard and the battery module are respectively fixed to the body shell. The battery module and the control motherboard are spaced apart. An elastic support pad is provided between the battery module and the photoelectric sensing unit. The two sides of the elastic support pad abut against the battery module and the photoelectric sensing unit, respectively.

[0010] In this technical solution, the battery module and the control motherboard are spaced apart, which effectively avoids contact between the battery module and the control motherboard, preventing interference and contact between the battery module and the numerous electronic components on the control motherboard. An elastic support pad is placed between the battery module and the photoelectric sensing unit, forming a flexible, integrated structure rather than a spaced-apart structure. This improves the overall strength of the device to a certain extent. Moreover, the elasticity of the support pad buffers external pressure, preventing damage caused by rigid compression between the battery module and the photoelectric sensing unit, ensuring the stability of their electrical connection, and extending the device's service life.

[0011] The middle part of the body-hugging wall bulges outward and forms a groove on the back side of the bulge, and the photoelectric sensing unit is embedded and fixed in the groove.

[0012] In this technical solution, a groove is formed by a raised section in the middle of the wall, which facilitates the fixing of the photoelectric sensing unit and makes the photoelectric sensing unit closer to the skin after installation. This reduces the interference of water on the optical path, enhances the optical coupling effect, and improves the efficiency of beam emission and reception as well as the accuracy of physiological parameter measurement.

[0013] The body-hugging outer shell includes a shell and a cover plate, the shell and the cover plate being detachably fitted to form the sealed cavity, and the body-hugging wall being formed on the cover plate and constructed as an integrally recessed arc-shaped structure.

[0014] In this technical solution, the outer shell adopts a detachable shell and cover plate, which facilitates the maintenance and replacement of internal components; the arc-shaped body wall design enhances the fit with human skin, reduces the risk of displacement caused by water flow impact, and can also increase the skin contact area, improve the efficiency of optical signal acquisition, and reduce the impact of water layer gaps on monitoring accuracy.

[0015] A sealing sheet for sealing the sealing cavity is provided between the housing and the cover plate. The housing and the cover plate are connected by screws, and the screws pass through the sealing sheet.

[0016] In this technical solution, a sealing sheet is installed between the shell and the cover plate and fastened with screws to effectively prevent water from entering the internal circuit, meet the waterproof requirements of the underwater high-pressure environment, and improve the reliability of the device.

[0017] The photoelectric sensing unit is equipped with a green light source for emitting green light, a red light source for emitting red light, and an infrared light source for emitting infrared light.

[0018] In this technical solution, three light sources—green, red, and infrared—are configured. By utilizing the differences in the penetrability of different wavelength beams to human tissues, multi-parameter monitoring can be achieved (such as measuring heart rate with green light and measuring blood oxygen with red and infrared light), thus expanding the functionality of the device.

[0019] The human physiological parameters include heart rate and blood oxygen.

[0020] In this technical solution, the monitored parameters are heart rate and blood oxygen, which specifically addresses the real-time monitoring needs of core physiological indicators for underwater workers or divers, ensuring personnel safety.

[0021] The monitoring device also includes a push-button switch for controlling the device to be powered on and off, the push-button switch being installed on the side of the body-hugging housing opposite to the body-hugging wall.

[0022] In this technical solution, the push-button switch is located on the non-body side of the outer shell, making it easy for users to operate; the power-on / power-off control function simplifies user interaction, helps save power consumption, and extends underwater usage time.

[0023] The button switch includes a trigger and a sensor. The trigger is a flexible structure that can rebound. The body shell has a first mounting hole. The underwater human physiological parameter monitoring wearable device also includes a button fixing component. The button fixing component is detachably connected to the body shell and confines the trigger and the sensor within the first mounting hole.

[0024] In this technical solution, the button fixing component confines the trigger and sensing components within the first mounting hole, preventing underwater pressure from causing the trigger to shift or be damaged. It also supports quick disassembly and maintenance, reducing operating costs. The spring-loaded flexible trigger design meets underwater sealing requirements and provides clear operational feedback.

[0025] The monitoring device also includes a waterproof connector, which is installed on the body shell and extends through both the inner and outer sides of the body shell. The waterproof connector is used to connect to an external sonar communication system to achieve signal transmission and to connect to an external power source to charge the battery module.

[0026] In this technical solution, the waterproof connector integrates sonar communication and charging functions, which not only realizes data transmission (communication with external devices or base stations), but also simplifies the device structure, reduces sealing risks, and improves the overall waterproof performance. Attached Figure Description

[0027] The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of this application and form part of this application, illustrate exemplary embodiments and are used to explain this application, but do not constitute an undue limitation of this application. In the drawings:

[0028] Figure 1 This is an assembly diagram of the underwater human physiological parameter monitoring wearable device provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0029] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the underwater human physiological parameter monitoring wearable device provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0030] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the structure of the cover plate of the close-fitting outer shell provided in the embodiments of this application. Figure 1 ;

[0031] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the structure of the cover plate of the close-fitting outer shell provided in the embodiments of this application. Figure 2 ;

[0032] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the structure of the body shell provided in the embodiments of this application. Figure 1 ;

[0033] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the structure of the body shell provided in the embodiments of this application. Figure 2;

[0034] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the structure of the body shell provided in the embodiments of this application. Figure 3 ;

[0035] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the sealing gasket provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0036] Figure 9 This is a structural schematic diagram of the button fixing component provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0037] List of components and reference numerals:

[0038] 1 Wearable component, 11 First connecting strap, 12 Second connecting strap;

[0039] 2. Monitoring module, 21. Body-fitting outer shell, 211. Housing, 2111. Diagonal brace section, 2112. Planar section, 2113. First mounting hole, 2114. Second mounting hole, 212. Cover plate, 2121. Body-fitting wall, 2122. Light-transmitting area, 2123. Groove, 22. Photoelectric sensing unit, 23. Control motherboard, 24. Battery module, 25. Elastic support pad, 26. Sealing sheet, 27. Button switch, 271. Trigger, 272. Sensor, 28. Button fixing component, 29. Waterproof connector. Detailed Implementation

[0040] To more clearly illustrate the overall concept of this application, a detailed explanation is provided below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0041] Many specific details are set forth in the following description in order to provide a full understanding of this application. However, this application may also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0042] Furthermore, it should be understood in the description of this application that the terms "upper," "lower," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "axial," "radial," "circumferential," "lateral," and "longitudinal," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this application.

[0043] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or a communication connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application according to the specific circumstances.

[0044] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the "above" or "below" of the second feature can mean that the first and second features are in direct contact, or that the first and second features are in indirect contact through an intermediate medium. In the description of this specification, references to terms such as "an embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of this application. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described can be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0045] In the embodiments of this application, reference is made to Figures 1 to 9 As shown, an underwater wearable device for monitoring human physiological parameters is provided. For ease of explanation and understanding, the following content provided in this application is based on the illustrated product structure. Of course, those skilled in the art will understand that the above structure is only a specific example and illustrative illustration, and does not constitute a specific limitation on the technical solution provided in this application.

[0046] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 5As shown, the underwater human physiological parameter monitoring wearable device provided in this application includes a wearable component 1 and a monitoring module 2. The monitoring module 2 includes a body-hugging shell 21 and a photoelectric sensing unit 22. The body-hugging shell 21 has a sealed cavity, within which a control motherboard 23 and a battery module 24 are housed. The control motherboard 23 and the battery module 24 are electrically connected to the photoelectric sensing unit 22 to achieve power transmission and signal transmission, respectively. The body-hugging shell 21 has a body-hugging wall 2121 for conforming to human skin and an outer wall opposite to the body-hugging wall 2121. The body-hugging wall 2121 has a light-transmitting area 2122. The photoelectric sensing unit 22... 2. Fixed in a sealed cavity, the outer wall includes inclined support sections 2111 at both ends and a flat section 2112 connecting the inclined support sections 2111 at both ends. The inclined support sections 2111 at both ends support the flat section 2112 away from the body wall 2121. The photoelectric sensing unit 22 can emit light beams of different wavelengths to human skin tissue through the light-transmitting area 2122 and receive the light beams reflected back by human skin tissue. The control motherboard 23 calculates human physiological parameters based on the intensity of the reflected light beams. The two ends of the wearable component 1 are respectively connected to the body shell 21 and can be enclosed together with the body shell 21 to form a closed-loop restraint structure around the human limbs.

[0047] In this technical solution, the wearable component 1 and the body-hugging shell 21 form a closed-loop restraint structure, facilitating wear and ensuring that the body-hugging wall 2121 and the photoelectric sensing unit 22 are stably fitted to the human body, reducing water interference on beam propagation and improving monitoring accuracy. The photoelectric sensing unit 22 emits and receives reflected beams through the light-transmitting area 2122, and analyzes the intensity of reflected light through the control motherboard 23 to achieve non-invasive underwater monitoring of human physiological parameters (such as heart rate and blood oxygen saturation), solving the problems of inconvenient wear or low monitoring accuracy of traditional underwater monitoring equipment. The control motherboard 23, battery module 24, and photoelectric sensing unit 22 are housed in a sealed cavity, preventing water from entering the electronic components and improving waterproof performance. In the outer wall of the body shell 21, the diagonal support sections 2111 at both ends support the planar section 2112 away from the body wall 2121, forming a mechanical structure similar to an "arch bridge". This can effectively disperse the pressure of the underwater high pressure on the sealing cavity, making the internal sealing cavity a cavity structure that can resist pressure and buffer. This significantly reduces the mechanical stress of water pressure on the precision electronic components inside the sealing cavity, ensuring the safety of the internal control motherboard 23, battery module 24, and photoelectric sensing unit 22. It also increases the overall rigidity of the body shell 21, reducing the risk of sealing failure due to bending or torsion. It is especially suitable for collision or friction scenarios that may be encountered in underwater operations. At the same time, it also improves the stability of the body wall 2121, ensuring that the contact angle of the photoelectric sensing unit 22 is constant. The planar section 2112 is away from the protruding area formed by the body wall 2121, providing a more spacious installation position for the internal structure. It should be noted that this application does not specifically limit the light-transmitting area 2122. For example, the light-transmitting area 2122 can be a light-transmitting hole, which makes the beam propagation more reliable. Specifically, a sealing structure such as a sealing ring can be set between the photoelectric sensing unit 22 and the light-transmitting hole to ensure that the light-transmitting hole is light-transmitting but water-proof. In addition, the light-transmitting area 2122 can also be made of a solid material different from the light-transmitting hole, such as a lens structure, optical coating, etc.

[0048] Preferably, the photoelectric sensing unit 22 can employ a suitable optical sensor such as a PPG sensor (a sensor utilizing photoplethysmography technology), integrating a photoelectric emitting module and a light receiving module. The photoelectric emitting module illuminates the skin, and the light receiving module receives the reflected light. Those skilled in the art will understand that when a beam of light illuminates human skin, different tissues absorb light differently. Tissues such as muscles, bones, and veins maintain a relatively constant absorption rate, but blood is different. Due to the flow of blood in arteries, the absorption of light naturally varies. For example, the reflection of light by blood in blood vessels is mainly related to the blood volume; the reflected light changes with the blood volume. PPG is based on this principle. It uses strong light of a certain wavelength to illuminate human skin. The strong light penetrates the skin tissue and reaches the capillaries. The blood in the capillaries reflects and absorbs the light, and the light receiving module receives the reflected light, converting the resulting light signal into an electrical signal, thus obtaining the PPG signal. Depending on the different absorption rates of light by blood, different light beams can be selected for targeted monitoring of heart rate, blood oxygen, etc. When the photoelectric sensing unit 22 needs to monitor multiple physiological parameters such as heart rate and blood oxygen at the same time, the photoelectric emission module adopts a light source structure that can emit multiple wavelength beams at the same time, so that the control motherboard 23 can obtain information such as heart rate and blood oxygen through time domain analysis and frequency domain analysis.

[0049] Regarding wearable component 1, in a preferred embodiment, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the wearable component 1 includes a first connecting strap 11 and a second connecting strap 12, which are distributed at both ends of the body shell 21. One end of the first connecting strap 11 is fixedly connected to the body shell 21 by a screw, and one end of the second connecting strap 12 is also fixedly connected to the body shell 21 by a screw. The free extension ends of the first connecting strap 11 and the second connecting strap 12 are respectively provided with matching Velcro components. The Velcro components, through their detachable adhesive fit, together with the body shell 21, form a closed-loop restraint structure that can wrap around the human limbs. Specifically, it can be selectively restrained on the chest area, wrist area, etc. The Velcro components facilitate wearing and removal, and also allow for adjustment of the wearing tightness, ensuring the necessary contact pressure during monitoring while avoiding excessive restraint that could affect blood circulation.

[0050] As a preferred embodiment of this application, such as Figure 2As shown, the control motherboard 23, battery module 24, and photoelectric sensing unit 22 are arranged in sequence. The control motherboard 23 and battery module 24 are fixed to the outer casing 21, with the battery module 24 and control motherboard 23 spaced apart. An elastic support pad 25 is provided between the battery module 24 and photoelectric sensing unit 22, with both sides of the elastic support pad 25 abutting against the battery module 24 and photoelectric sensing unit 22 respectively. Specifically, screw posts can be provided inside the outer casing 21, and both the battery module 24 and control motherboard 23 can be fixed to the screw posts inside the outer casing 21 with screws. The spaced arrangement between the battery module 24 and control motherboard 23 can effectively prevent the battery module 24 from contacting the control motherboard 23, and prevent interference and contact between the battery module 24 and the numerous electronic components on the control motherboard 23. The elastic support pads 25 abut against the battery module 24 and the photoelectric sensing unit 22 on both sides, forming an integral structure that elastically connects the battery module 24 and the photoelectric sensing unit 22, rather than a spaced structure. This improves the overall strength of the device to a certain extent. Moreover, the elasticity of the elastic support pads 25 can buffer external pressure and prevent the battery module 24 and the photoelectric sensing unit 22 from being rigidly squeezed against each other, thus ensuring the stability of their electrical connection and extending the service life of the device.

[0051] Furthermore, such as Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the middle of the body-hugging wall 2121 bulges outward, forming a groove 2123 on the back side of the bulge. The photoelectric sensing unit 22 is embedded and fixed within the groove 2123. In this technical solution, the bulge in the middle of the body-hugging wall 2121 forming the groove 2123 facilitates the fixing of the photoelectric sensing unit 22, and also allows the photoelectric sensing unit 22 to be closer to the skin after installation, reducing the interference of water on the optical path, enhancing the optical coupling effect, and improving the efficiency of beam emission and reception as well as the accuracy of physiological parameter measurement. Preferably, the photoelectric sensing unit 22 can be fixed within the groove 2123 by screws.

[0052] As a preferred embodiment of this application, such as Figure 2 , Figure 4 and Figure 5As shown, the body-hugging outer shell 21 includes a shell 211 and a cover plate 212. The shell 211 and the cover plate 212 are detachably fitted to form the sealed cavity. The body-hugging wall 2121 is formed on the cover plate 212 and is constructed as an integrally recessed arc-shaped structure. In this technical solution, the body-hugging outer shell 21 uses a detachable shell 211 and cover plate 212, which facilitates the maintenance and replacement of internal components. The arc-shaped body-hugging wall 2121 design enhances the fit with human skin, reduces the risk of displacement caused by water flow impact, and can also increase the skin contact area, improve the efficiency of optical signal acquisition, and reduce the impact of water layer gaps on monitoring accuracy. In a preferred embodiment, the shell 211 and the cover plate 212 can be detachably connected by screws. The inclined support section 2111 and the flat section 2112 at both ends are formed on the shell 211. The shell 211 is preferably integrally formed of aluminum alloy to further improve structural strength and pressure resistance.

[0053] Furthermore, such as Figure 2 and Figure 8 As shown, a sealing sheet 26 for sealing is provided between the housing 211 and the cover plate 212. The housing 211 and the cover plate 212 are connected by screws, with the screws passing through the sealing sheet 26. In this technical solution, the sealing sheet 26 is provided between the housing 211 and the cover plate 212 and is fastened with screws, which effectively prevents water from entering the internal circuit, meets the waterproof requirements of underwater high-pressure environments, and improves the reliability of the device.

[0054] In a preferred embodiment of this application, the photoelectric sensing unit 22 is equipped with a green light source for emitting green light, a red light source for emitting red light, and an infrared light source for emitting infrared light. By configuring three light sources—green, red, and infrared—the differences in the penetrability of different wavelengths of light to human tissue can be utilized to achieve multi-parameter monitoring (such as measuring heart rate with green light and measuring blood oxygen with red and infrared light), thus expanding the functionality of the device.

[0055] Furthermore, human physiological parameters include heart rate and blood oxygen.

[0056] For heart rate monitoring, green light is currently the most common light source. Based on the characteristics of the spectrum, the wavelengths of ultraviolet to infrared light increase progressively. Since different skin colors absorb light differently, melanin in the skin absorbs a large amount of shorter wavelengths. Combined with the light absorption characteristics of human tissues, blood has a high absorption rate of light, while red and near-infrared light are absorbed less by human tissues. Therefore, some sensors choose infrared lamps as the light source. Furthermore, although blood has a high absorption rate of green light, green light can achieve a higher signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) signal. Signal amplification can address the issue of varying green light intensity. It is most sensitive to changes in blood volume and can acquire PPG signals with a high SNR, making green light another ideal light source for acquiring PPG signals. Therefore, considering factors such as skin color and sweat, a combination of infrared and green light can be used for heart rate monitoring. The better signal can be selected as the input to the algorithm based on signal quality. Due to the contraction and relaxation of the heart, the blood volume in the blood vessels changes regularly. As the blood volume increases, the absorption of light increases; as the blood volume decreases, the absorption of light decreases. The reflected light received by the photoelectric sensing unit 22 changes with the blood volume. When the blood volume increases, the received reflected light is weak; when the blood volume decreases, the received reflected light is strong. This is also the reason for the presence of an AD component in the signal. Changes in blood volume reflect the contraction and relaxation of the heart; similarly, the light intensity received by the photoelectric sensing unit 22 reflects the contraction and relaxation of the heart. Therefore, when light is converted into an electrical signal, a DC signal and an AC signal are obtained. Extracting the AC signal reveals the characteristics of blood flow, and the heart rate can be estimated based on the periodicity of the PPG signal.

[0057] For blood oxygen monitoring, based on the characteristic that hemoglobin absorbs different light rays in the spectrum to varying degrees, a dual-beam approach using red and infrared light can be employed to measure the saturation index. Hemoglobin primarily absorbs red light (wavelength 600nm–700nm), while oxygen and hemoglobin primarily absorb near-infrared light (wavelength 800nm–1000nm). The difference in reflected light between the two can be compared to eliminate the influence of individual blood vessel size variations on measurement accuracy. For the human body, metabolism is inseparable from oxygen. Oxygen, through respiratory activity in the lungs, combines with hemoglobin in red blood cells to form oxyhemoglobin, which then delivers oxygen to organs and cells throughout the body for metabolic processes. Therefore, blood oxygen saturation refers to the percentage of oxygen-bound oxyhemoglobin in the blood relative to the total available hemoglobin. Blood oxygen saturation is commonly used to evaluate the oxygen-carrying capacity of hemoglobin in the blood. Generally, the higher the oxygen content in the blood, the stronger the body's metabolic capacity. The normal oxygen saturation of arterial blood is 96-100%. Therefore, the principle of blood oxygen monitoring utilizes the difference in light absorption characteristics between oxyhemoglobin and deoxyhemoglobin. 660nm red light and 940nm near-infrared light are incident on the skin surface; then, the photoelectric sensing unit 22 receives the reflected light, detecting the relative amounts of absorbed red and infrared light, thereby calculating the ratio of bound and unbound oxygen hemoglobin in the blood, and ultimately determining blood oxygen saturation. Blood oxygen calculations often mention the ratio of DC to AC reflected from the body, specifically the ratio of AC to DC. Dividing the AC of red light by the DC yields the first value, and the AC of infrared light by the DC yields the second value. Dividing the first and second values ​​then gives the R value (the R value table is an R-value curve fitted from data obtained through extensive testing; the R-value curve may vary slightly for different parts of the body). The blood oxygen value can then be obtained by looking up the R value in the table.

[0058] As a preferred embodiment of this application, such as Figure 2 As shown, the monitoring device also includes a push-button switch 27 for controlling the power on and off of the device. The push-button switch 27 is installed on the side of the housing 21 away from the body wall 2121. In this technical solution, the push-button switch 27 is located on the non-body side of the housing 21, which is convenient for user operation; the power on / off control function simplifies user interaction, helps save power consumption and extend underwater use time.

[0059] Furthermore, such as Figure 2 , Figure 6 and Figure 7As shown, the push-button switch 27 includes a trigger element 271 and a sensor element 272. The trigger element 271 is a flexible, resilient structure. The body shell 21 has a first mounting hole 2113. The underwater human physiological parameter monitoring wearable device also includes a button fixing element 28, which is detachably connected to the body shell 21 and confines the trigger element 271 and the sensor element 272 within the first mounting hole 2113. Specifically, the sensor element 272 can be disposed inside the trigger element 271, forming a trigger gap between them. When the trigger element 271 is pressed inward, it contacts the sensor element 272, energizing or de-energizing the device. For example, pressing the trigger element 271 once energizes the device. After the trigger element 271 self-resets and rebounds, pressing it again de-energizes the device. The trigger element 271 can be made of silicone to provide flexibility, but the water pressure resistance of the flexibility needs to be controlled to prevent water pressure from triggering the trigger element 271. The trigger element 271 and the sensing element 272 can be triggered by the magnetic triggering module of the trigger element 271, that is, by the cooperation of the magnet and the Hall sensor. In this technical solution, the button fixing part 28 confines the trigger element 271 and the sensing element 272 within the first mounting hole 2113, preventing the trigger element 271 from shifting or being damaged due to underwater pressure, while also supporting quick disassembly and maintenance, reducing the cost of use; the spring-loaded flexible trigger element 271 design meets the underwater sealing requirements and provides clear operational feedback. In the preferred embodiment, such as Figure 9 As shown, the button fixing member 28 can be a plate structure with a positioning hole. The trigger member 271 and the sensing member 272 are pressed and fixed in the first mounting hole 2113 by a screw passing through the positioning hole and cooperating with the screw post inside the housing 21.

[0060] As a preferred embodiment of this application, such as Figure 2 and Figure 6 As shown, the monitoring device also includes a waterproof connector 29, which is installed on the inner and outer shell 21 and extends through both sides of the inner and outer shell 21. The waterproof connector 29 is used to connect to an external sonar communication system for signal transmission and to connect to an external power source for charging the battery module 24. Specifically, a second mounting hole 2114 can be provided on the shell 211 of the inner shell 21, and the waterproof connector 29 is installed in the second mounting hole 2114. In this technical solution, the waterproof connector 29 integrates sonar communication and charging functions, realizing data transmission (communication with external devices or base stations), simplifying the device structure, reducing sealing risks, and improving overall waterproof performance. Specifically, the waterproof connector 29 can adopt a magnetic or threaded locking multi-pin connector, integrating charging electrodes and data communication electrodes. In actual use, divers can carry a terminal or external power source and connect it to the waterproof connector 29 via a data cable, enabling real-time data transmission and charging during diving operations.

[0061] For any parts not mentioned in this application, existing technologies may be used or referenced.

[0062] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner. The same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referred to each other. Each embodiment focuses on describing the differences from other embodiments.

[0063] The above description is merely an embodiment of this application and is not intended to limit the scope of this application. Various modifications and variations can be made to this application by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the scope of the claims of this application.

Claims

1. An underwater physiological parameter monitoring wearable device, characterized by, The device includes wearable components and a monitoring module. The monitoring module includes a body-hugging shell and a photoelectric sensing unit. The body-hugging shell has a sealed cavity, within which a control motherboard and a battery module are housed. The control motherboard and the battery module are electrically connected to the photoelectric sensing unit to achieve power transmission and signal transmission, respectively. The body-hugging shell has a body-hugging wall for conforming to human skin and an outer wall opposite to the body-hugging wall. The body-hugging wall has a light-transmitting area. The photoelectric sensing unit is fixed inside the sealed cavity. The outer wall includes inclined support sections at both ends and a planar section connecting the inclined support sections at both ends. The inclined support sections at both ends support the planar section away from the body-hugging wall. The photoelectric sensing unit can emit light beams of different wavelengths to human skin tissue through the light-transmitting area and receive the light beams reflected back by human skin tissue. The control motherboard calculates human physiological parameters based on the intensity of the reflected light beams. The two ends of the wearable component are respectively connected to the body shell and can be combined with the body shell to form a closed-loop restraint structure that surrounds the human limbs.

2. The underwater human physiological parameter monitoring wearable device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The control motherboard, the battery module, and the photoelectric sensing unit are arranged in sequence. The control motherboard and the battery module are respectively fixed to the body shell. The battery module and the control motherboard are spaced apart. An elastic support pad is provided between the battery module and the photoelectric sensing unit. The two sides of the elastic support pad abut against the battery module and the photoelectric sensing unit, respectively.

3. The underwater human physiological parameter monitoring wearable device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The middle part of the wall bulges outward and a groove is formed on the back side of the bulge, and the photoelectric sensing unit is embedded and fixed in the groove.

4. The wearable device for monitoring underwater human physiological parameters according to claim 1, characterized in that, The body-hugging outer shell includes a shell and a cover plate, the shell and the cover plate being detachably fitted to form the sealed cavity, and the body-hugging wall being formed on the cover plate and constructed as an integrally recessed arc-shaped structure.

5. The underwater human physiological parameter monitoring wearable device according to claim 4, characterized in that, A sealing sheet for sealing the sealing cavity is provided between the housing and the cover plate. The housing and the cover plate are connected by screws, and the screws pass through the sealing sheet.

6. The underwater human physiological parameter monitoring wearable device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The photoelectric sensing unit is equipped with a green light source for emitting green light, a red light source for emitting red light, and an infrared light source for emitting infrared light.

7. The underwater human physiological parameter monitoring wearable device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The human physiological parameters include heart rate and blood oxygen.

8. The wearable device for monitoring underwater human physiological parameters according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a push-button switch for controlling the power on and off of the device, the push-button switch being installed on the side of the body-hugging housing opposite to the body-hugging wall.

9. The underwater human physiological parameter monitoring wearable device according to claim 8, characterized in that, The button switch includes a trigger and a sensor. The trigger is a flexible structure that can rebound. The body shell has a first mounting hole. The underwater human physiological parameter monitoring wearable device also includes a button fixing component. The button fixing component is detachably connected to the body shell and confines the trigger and the sensor within the first mounting hole.

10. The underwater human physiological parameter monitoring wearable device according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a waterproof connector, which is installed on the body shell and extends through both the inner and outer sides of the body shell. The waterproof connector is used to connect an external sonar communication system to realize signal transmission and to connect an external power source to charge the battery module.

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