A blood vessel punch

Abstract

This invention provides a blood vessel punch, comprising: a handle, a punch, an inner rod, a blade sleeve, and a pressing cap. The punch is fixedly connected to the handle. The inner rod is movably inserted through the handle and can reciprocate along its axial direction between a first position near the punch and a second position away from the punch. The blade sleeve is connected to the inner rod and surrounds the punch, and can move with the inner rod. The pressing cap is movably connected to the end of the inner rod away from the blade sleeve, used to drive the inner rod from the second position to the first position. In the first position, the inner rod can rotate circumferentially relative to the punch and the pressing cap, thereby rotating the blade sleeve to cut the blood vessel. This invention improves the success rate of punching and enhances operational convenience.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of medical device technology, specifically to a blood vessel punch. Background Technology

[0002] Surgical procedures involving body tissues often involve perforating blood vessels. Taking coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) as an example, CABG is one of the main treatments for coronary heart disease. It involves taking a blood vessel from the patient's own body or a replacement vessel and connecting the distal end of the narrowed coronary artery to the aorta, allowing blood to bypass the narrowed section and reach the ischemic area, improving myocardial blood supply and cardiac function. During CABG, a hole is usually made in the aortic wall to anastomose the graft. Traditionally, the operator used a scalpel to cut a hole in the vessel wall. However, manually cut holes are highly irregular and prone to leaving behind fragments of vessel wall tissue during the procedure, potentially causing thrombosis and other risks. With advancements in surgical techniques, this method of cutting with a scalpel has been gradually abandoned and replaced by a vascular perforator.

[0003] The core function of a vascular punch is to quickly and easily cut round holes in soft tissue; however, there are still cases of tissue adhesion and failed hole cutting. Utility Model Content

[0004] This invention provides a blood vessel punching tool that can significantly improve the success rate of punching.

[0005] The vascular punch provided by this utility model includes: a handle; a punch fixedly connected to the handle; an inner rod movably inserted through the handle, the inner rod being capable of reciprocating along its axial direction between a first position close to the punch and a second position away from the punch; a blade sleeve connected to the inner rod and arranged around the punch, the blade sleeve being capable of moving with the inner rod; and a pressing cap movably connected to the end of the inner rod away from the blade sleeve, for driving the inner rod from the second position to the first position; wherein, in the first position, the inner rod is capable of rotating circumferentially relative to the punch and the pressing cap to drive the blade sleeve to cut the blood vessel.

[0006] In some embodiments, the vascular punch further includes a spring connecting the inner rod and the punch, for driving the inner rod from the first position to the second position.

[0007] In some embodiments, the punch is fixedly connected to the handle by a connecting pin; the inner rod is provided with a first guide groove, the connecting pin extends into the first guide groove and is slidably connected to the first guide groove, the first guide groove includes a first guide section and a second guide section, the second guide section is connected to one end of the first guide section; wherein, when the inner rod reciprocates axially between the first position and the second position, the connecting pin is located in the first guide section; when the inner rod rotates circumferentially relative to the punch and the pressing cap, the connecting pin is located in the second guide section and blocks the inner rod from moving axially.

[0008] In some embodiments, the second guide segment extends circumferentially along the inner rod.

[0009] In some embodiments, the first guide section includes an inclined section that is axially inclined relative to the inner rod, so that when the connecting pin slides relative to the inclined section, the inner rod can move axially and rotate circumferentially at the same time.

[0010] In some embodiments, the first guide segment further includes a horizontal segment parallel to the axial direction of the inner rod, so that when the connecting pin slides on the horizontal segment, the inner rod moves axially.

[0011] In some embodiments, the inner rod has a groove at one end away from the blade sleeve, and the groove sidewall has a second guide groove extending circumferentially along the inner rod; the pressing cap includes a main body and a protrusion connected to the sidewall of the main body, the main body is inserted into the groove, the protrusion extends into the second guide groove and is slidably connected to the second guide groove, and when the inner rod rotates circumferentially relative to the punch and the pressing cap, the protrusion is located in the groove.

[0012] In some embodiments, the groove sidewall of the groove is further provided with an axial groove extending along the axial direction of the inner rod, one end of the axial groove extending to the end face of the inner rod away from the blade sleeve, and the other end extending to the second guide groove.

[0013] In some embodiments, the pressing cap is threaded to the end of the inner rod away from the blade sleeve.

[0014] In some embodiments, the inner rod may also be provided with a slot, one end of which extends to the axial groove and the other end extends to the outer peripheral surface of the inner rod. A wedge is inserted into the slot, and along the axial direction of the inner rod, the wedge interferes with the protrusion to prevent the pressing cap from coming out of the axial groove.

[0015] In some embodiments, the head of the punch has a conical portion, the apex of which is an acute or obtuse angle.

[0016] This utility model has at least the following technical effects: (1) In the first position, i.e. when the blade sleeve is in contact with the blood vessel tissue, the inner rod can rotate relative to the punch and the pressing cap along its circumference, thereby driving the blade sleeve to rotate, so that the blade sleeve can cut the blood vessel tissue twice or multiple times, thereby greatly improving the success rate of blood vessel tissue cutting (drilling). (2) Since the inner rod can rotate around the circumference relative to the pressing cap, the pressing cap does not need to rotate with the inner rod when the inner rod rotates. Therefore, even if the operator's palm or fingers are pressing the pressing cap, the operation feel will not be affected, thereby improving the reliability of the vascular tissue cutting operation. (3) The inner rod is provided with a first guide groove, which is slidably connected to the connecting pin. Under the cooperation of the first guide groove and the connecting pin, the inner rod can move smoothly back and forth between the first position and the second position along the extension path of the first guide section, and rotate smoothly along the extension path of the second guide section, so as to smoothly cut the vascular tissue and complete the vascular drilling operation. When the vascular drilling is completed and the vascular drilling tool needs to be withdrawn, since the connecting pin is located in the second guide section and the connecting pin blocks the inner rod from moving axially, the inner rod can be kept in the first position, so that the blade sleeve is kept in the cutting position of cutting the vascular tissue. It is not necessary to keep pushing and pressing the cap, and it can be withdrawn directly from the body. This gives the vascular drilling tool a self-locking function, improving the reliability and ease of operation of vascular drilling. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a blood vessel punch provided in one embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 for Figure 1 A cross-sectional view of the structure of a blood vessel perforator; Figure 3 A schematic diagram of another state of the blood vessel punch provided in one embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 for Figure 3 A cross-sectional view of the structure of a blood vessel perforator; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the inner rod of a blood vessel punch provided in one embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the inner rod of a blood vessel punch provided in one embodiment of the present invention from another perspective; Figure 7 A schematic cross-sectional view of the inner rod of a blood vessel punch provided in one embodiment of this utility model; Figure 8 This is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a portion of the inner rod of a blood vessel puncher provided in one embodiment of the present invention. Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the top cap of a blood vessel punch provided in one embodiment of the present invention; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the blade sleeve of a blood vessel punch provided in one embodiment of the present invention; Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the punch of a blood vessel puncher provided in one embodiment of the present invention; Figure 12 This is a partial structural diagram of the punch of a blood vessel punch provided in one embodiment of the present invention; Figure 13 This is a partial structural diagram of the punch of a blood vessel puncher provided in another embodiment of the present invention.

[0018] icon: A blood vessel punch 100; handle 10; outer cylinder 11; grip 12; mounting hole 13; punch 20; pin hole 21; head 22; inner rod 30; first guide groove 31; first guide section 311; inclined section 311a; horizontal section 311b; second guide section 312; groove 32; second guide groove 321; axial groove 322; slot hole 323; blade sleeve 40; pressing cap 50; main body 51; protrusion 52; spring 60; connecting pin 70; stop block 80. Detailed Implementation

[0019] Reference Figures 1 to 13 This utility model provides a blood vessel punch 100, which includes a handle 10, a punch 20, an inner rod 30, a blade sleeve 40, and a pressing cap 50.

[0020] The handle 10 is for the operator to hold. The handle 10 may include an outer cylindrical portion 11 and a gripping portion 12 connected to the outer wall of the outer cylindrical portion 11.

[0021] The punch 20 is fixedly connected to the handle 10. For example, the punch 20 and handle 10 can be fixedly connected via a connecting pin 70. The punch 20 is used to locate the area in the vascular tissue where a hole needs to be punched. The end of the punch 20 closest to the operator can be inserted into and fixedly connected to the outer cylinder 11, while the punch 20 is located away from the operator's head 22. Figure 11 (As shown) It extends out of the outer cylinder 11.

[0022] The inner rod 30 is movably inserted into the handle 10, and the inner rod 30 can be positioned along its axial direction in a first position near the punch 20. Figure 3 and Figure 4 (as shown) and the second position away from the punch 20 ( Figure 1 and Figure 2The inner rod 30 moves back and forth between the handle 10 and the punch 20 (as shown). The inner rod 30 moving closer to and further away from the punch 20 along its axial direction means that the end of the inner rod 30 moving away from the operator moves closer to and further away from the punch 20. The end of the inner rod 30 away from the operator can be located inside the outer cylinder 11 of the handle 10, and the end closer to the operator can extend outside the outer cylinder 11. The end of the punch 20 close to the operator can be located within the inner rod 30.

[0023] The cutting sleeve 40 is connected to the inner rod 30 and surrounds the punch 20. The cutting sleeve 40 can move with the inner rod 30. The cutting sleeve 40 can be fixedly connected to the inner rod 30 or detachably connected to the inner rod 30. As an example, the cutting sleeve 40 is detachably connected to the end of the inner rod 30 away from the operator. The detachable connection can be, for example, a threaded connection, a snap-fit ​​connection, etc. The cutting sleeve 40 can also be fixed to the end of the inner rod 30 away from the operator by adhesive bonding. The cutting sleeve 40 surrounds the punch 20, and the ability of the cutting sleeve 40 to move with the inner rod 30 allows the cutting sleeve 40 to move relative to the punch 20.

[0024] The pressure cap 50 is movably connected to the end of the inner rod 30 away from the blade sleeve 40, and is used to drive the inner rod 30 from a second position to a first position. By applying an axial force to the pressure cap 50, the operator causes the pressure cap 50 to drive the inner rod 30 from the second position to the first position, thereby moving the inner rod 30, along with the blade sleeve 40, closer to the punch 20. In the first position, the inner rod 30 is circumferentially rotatable relative to the punch 20 and the pressure cap 50, thereby rotating the blade sleeve 40 to cut the blood vessel.

[0025] As an example, when the inner rod 30 is in the first position, such as Figure 3 and Figure 4 The cutting sleeve 40 can extend beyond the punch 20 or be flush with the head 22 of the punch 20. The inner rod 30 is in the second position, such as... Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the punch 20 extends out of the blade sleeve 40.

[0026] As an example, before operation, a small incision can be made on the blood vessel using a scalpel or other instrument. The incision can be about 1 mm smaller than the diameter of the punch 20 of the blood vessel puncher 100. The outer membrane needs to be removed before the incision to improve the cutting performance of the blood vessel puncher 100. Then, the head 22 of the punch 20 is inserted into the incision, the handle 10 is held and the pressing cap 50 is pushed. The pressing cap 50 drives the inner rod 30 to move axially from the second position to the first position, thereby driving the blade sleeve 40 to move axially closer to the punch 20 and contact the area on the blood vessel that needs to be punched, so as to cut the blood vessel. At this time, there may be adhesion at the site of the cut blood vessel, resulting in incomplete removal of the blood vessel tissue. In this regard, this application addresses the issue by allowing the inner rod 30 to rotate circumferentially relative to the punch 20 and the pressing cap 50 in the first position, i.e., when the blade sleeve 40 is in contact with the vascular tissue. For example, the operator can rotate the inner rod 30 with their other hand, thereby causing the blade sleeve 40 to rotate, enabling the blade sleeve 40 to perform secondary or multiple cuts on the vascular tissue, thus significantly improving the success rate of vascular tissue cutting (drilling). Furthermore, since the inner rod 30 can rotate circumferentially relative to the pressing cap 50, the pressing cap 50 does not need to rotate with the inner rod 30 when the inner rod 30 rotates. Therefore, even if the operator's palm or fingers are pressing against the pressing cap 50, it will not affect the operating feel, thereby improving the reliability of the vascular tissue cutting operation.

[0027] In some embodiments, the blood vessel punch 100 further includes a spring 60 connecting the inner rod 30 and the punch 20, for driving the inner rod 30 from a first position to a second position.

[0028] When the inner rod 30 moves from the second position to the first position, the spring 60 is compressed, exhibiting a certain elastic restoring force. After drilling is completed, the pressing cap 50 can be released, and the elastic restoring force of the spring 60 drives the inner rod 30 to return from the first position to the second position, thereby causing the blade sleeve 40 to move axially away from the punch 20, for example, it can at least partially retract into the outer cylinder 11 of the handle 10. Thus, there is no need for manual operation of the pressing cap 50 to retract the blade sleeve 40, improving operational convenience.

[0029] As an example, such as Figure 2 and Figure 4 The spring 60 can be housed within the cavity of the inner rod 30. The end of the punch 20 closest to the operator can also be located within the cavity of the inner rod 30. One end of the spring 60 abuts against the inner rod 30, and the other end abuts against the end of the punch 20 closest to the operator. The spring 60 can directly abut against the end of the punch 20 closest to the operator, or it can indirectly abut against the end of the punch 20 closest to the operator via the stop block 80. By providing the stop block 80, the installation and connection of the spring 60 are facilitated, and the smoothness of the spring 60 during extension and retraction is also improved.

[0030] In some embodiments, the punch 20 is fixedly connected to the handle 10 by a connecting pin 70. For example, Figure 1 and Figure 11 As shown, the end of the punch 20 near the operator is provided with a pin hole 21, and the outer cylinder 11 is provided with a mounting hole 13 corresponding to the pin hole 21. The connecting pin 70 can pass through the mounting hole 13 and the pin hole 21 to fix the punch 20 to the handle 10.

[0031] like Figure 5 and Figure 6 The inner rod 30 is provided with a first guide groove 31, which is slidably connected to the connecting pin 70. The first guide groove 31 can penetrate the inner rod 30 radially, and the connecting pin 70 can pass through the first guide groove 31. The first guide groove 31 includes a first guide section 311 and a second guide section 312, with the second guide section 312 connected to one end of the first guide section 311. The first guide section 311 can be closer to the cutting sleeve 40 than the second guide section 312. When the inner rod 30 reciprocates axially between a first position and a second position, the connecting pin 70 is located in the first guide section 311. When the inner rod 30 rotates circumferentially relative to the punch 20 and the pressing cap 50, the connecting pin 70 is located in the second guide section 312 and prevents the inner rod 30 from moving axially.

[0032] When the connecting pin 70 is located in the first guide section 311, with the cooperation of the connecting pin 70 and the first guide section 311, the inner rod 30 can reciprocate between the first position and the second position along the extension path of the first guide section 311. During the process of the inner rod 30 moving from the second position to the first position, the inner rod 30 can move axially with the blade sleeve 40 while rotating circumferentially, so that the blade sleeve 40 performs one axial punching and one circumferential rotary cutting of the vascular tissue. When the inner rod 30 moves to the first position, the connecting pin 70 is located at the starting point of the second guide section 312, and one cutting is completed. With the cooperation of the connecting pin 70 and the second guide section 312, the inner rod 30 can rotate circumferentially along the extension path of the second guide section 312 (e.g., reciprocate circumferentially), so as to drive the blade sleeve 40 to rotate, thereby performing two or more circumferential rotary cuttings of the vascular tissue.

[0033] In other embodiments, during the process of the inner rod 30 moving from the second position to the first position, the inner rod 30 can move only axially with the blade sleeve 40 without rotating circumferentially, so that the blade sleeve 40 only performs one axial cut on the vascular tissue; when the inner rod 30 moves to the first position, the connecting pin 70 is located at the starting point of the second guide segment 312, and after one cut on the vascular tissue is completed, with the cooperation of the connecting pin 70 and the second guide segment 312, the inner rod 30 can rotate circumferentially along the extension path of the second guide segment 312 to drive the blade sleeve 40 to rotate, thereby performing two or more circumferential cuts on the vascular tissue.

[0034] The inner rod 30 is provided with a first guide groove 31, which is slidably connected to the connecting pin 70. Under the cooperation of the first guide groove 31 and the connecting pin 70, the inner rod 30 can move smoothly back and forth between the first position and the second position along the extension path of the first guide section 311, and rotate smoothly along the extension path of the second guide section 312, thereby successfully cutting blood vessel tissue and completing the blood vessel drilling operation. When the drilling is completed and the blood vessel drilling tool 100 needs to be withdrawn, since the connecting pin 70 is located in the second guide section 312 and the connecting pin 70 blocks the axial movement of the inner rod 30, the inner rod 30 can be kept in the first position, so that the blade sleeve 40 is kept in the cutting position for cutting blood vessel tissue. It is not necessary to keep pushing and pressing the cap 50, and it can be directly withdrawn from the body. This gives the blood vessel drilling tool 100 a self-locking function, improving the reliability and ease of operation of blood vessel drilling.

[0035] In some embodiments, the second guide segment 312 extends circumferentially along the inner rod 30.

[0036] The second guide section 312 extends circumferentially along the inner rod 30, allowing the inner rod 30 to reciprocate circumferentially along the extension path of the second guide section 312 under the cooperation of the second guide section 312 and the connecting pin 70. This further increases the number of rotations and cuts of the blade sleeve 40, improving the success rate of blood vessel perforation. Furthermore, when the connecting pin 70 is located in the circumferentially extending second guide section 312, it can more reliably prevent the inner rod 30 from moving axially, further enhancing the self-locking reliability.

[0037] In some embodiments, the first guide segment 311 includes an inclined segment 311a that is axially inclined relative to the inner rod 30, so that when the connecting pin 70 slides relative to the inclined segment 311a, the inner rod 30 can move axially and rotate circumferentially at the same time. The inclined segment 311a can be a straight line. The inclined segment 311a can also be an arc, such as a spiral.

[0038] Under the cooperation of the inclined section 311a and the connecting pin 70, the inner rod 30 can move axially along the extension path of the inclined section 311a, and can also rotate circumferentially while moving axially. That is, during the process of the inner rod 30 moving from the second position to the first position, the inner rod 30 can move axially with the blade sleeve 40 while rotating circumferentially, so that the blade sleeve 40 can contact the blood vessel tissue and cut the blood vessel tissue while also rotating and cutting the blood vessel tissue, further increasing the number of rotational cuttings and improving the drilling success rate.

[0039] In some embodiments, the first guide segment 311 further includes a horizontal segment 311b parallel to the axial direction of the inner rod 30, and an inclined segment 311a connects the horizontal segment 311b and the second guide segment 312, so that when the connecting pin 70 slides relative to the horizontal segment 311b, the inner rod 30 moves axially.

[0040] When the connecting pin 70 is in the horizontal section 311b, the inner rod 30 moves axially. At this time, the blade sleeve 40 can be in no contact with the blood vessel tissue, which is the preparation stage, so that the operator can perform multiple pre-operations to improve the reliability of blood vessel drilling. When the connecting pin 70 reaches the starting position of the inclined section 311a, the blade sleeve 40 comes into contact with the blood vessel tissue.

[0041] In some embodiments, such as Figure 7 , Figure 8 and Figure 9 As shown, the inner rod 30 has a groove 32 at the end away from the blade sleeve 40, and a second guide groove 321 extending circumferentially along the sidewall of the groove 32. The second guide groove 321 may or may not penetrate the inner rod 30.

[0042] The pressing cap 50 includes a main body 51 and a protrusion 52 connected to the side wall of the main body 51. The main body 51 is inserted into the groove 32, and the protrusion 52 extends into the second guide groove 321 and is slidably connected to the second guide groove 321. When the inner rod 30 rotates circumferentially relative to the punch 20 and the pressing cap 50, the protrusion 52 is located in the second guide groove 321.

[0043] Because the second guide groove 321 slides with the protrusion 52, the pressing cap 50 can remain fixed when the inner rod 30 is rotated, that is, it does not rotate with the inner rod 30 and is not affected by the rotation of the inner rod 30, thus not affecting the operating feel and improving the reliability and convenience of drilling.

[0044] In some embodiments, the groove sidewall of the groove 32 is further provided with an axial groove 322 extending along the axial direction of the inner rod 30. One end of the axial groove 322 extends to the end face of the inner rod 30 away from the blade sleeve 40, and the other end extends to the second guide groove 321.

[0045] During installation, the protrusion 52 of the pressing cap 50 is aligned with the axial groove 322 so that the main body 51 of the pressing cap 50 can be smoothly inserted into the groove 32, and finally the protrusion 52 reaches the second guide groove 321, improving the ease of installation.

[0046] The inner rod 30 may also be provided with a slot 323. One end of the slot 323 extends to the axial groove 322, and the other end extends to the outer peripheral surface of the inner rod 30. A wedge (not shown in the figure) is inserted in the slot 323. Along the axial direction of the inner rod 30, the wedge interferes with the protrusion 52 to prevent the pressing cap 5 from coming out of the axial groove 322.

[0047] In other embodiments, the pressing cap 50 is threaded to the end of the inner rod 30 away from the blade sleeve.

[0048] Since the pressing cap 50 is threadedly connected to the end of the inner rod 30 away from the blade sleeve, the pressing cap 50 can remain fixed when the inner rod 30 is rotated, that is, it does not rotate with the inner rod 30 and is not affected by the rotation of the inner rod 30, thus not affecting the operating feel.

[0049] In some embodiments, the head 22 of the punch 20 is conical, and the apex angle α of the conical head 22 is an acute angle. Figure 12 (as shown) or obtuse angle ( Figure 13 (As shown).

[0050] The head 22 of the punch 20 can have various forms. An acute cone apex angle α of the head 22 helps to better locate the incision on the blood vessel and allows for precise insertion into the incision. An obtuse cone apex angle α of the head 22 can avoid accidental damage to the blood vessel.

Claims

1. A blood vessel puncturer characterized by comprising: include: Handle; The punch is fixedly connected to the handle; An inner rod is movably inserted through the handle, and the inner rod is capable of reciprocating along its axial direction between a first position close to the punch and a second position away from the punch; A cutting sleeve is connected to the inner rod and is arranged around the punch; the cutting sleeve can move with the inner rod. A pressing cap is movably connected to the end of the inner rod away from the blade sleeve, for driving the inner rod from the second position to the first position; In the first position, the inner rod is circumferentially rotatable relative to the punch and the pressing cap, thereby causing the blade sleeve to rotate and cut the blood vessel.

2. The vessel puncturer of claim 1, wherein, The blood vessel punch further includes a spring connecting the inner rod and the punch, used to drive the inner rod from the first position to the second position.

3. The vessel puncturer of claim 1, wherein, The punch is fixedly connected to the handle by a connecting pin; The inner rod is provided with a first guide groove, and the connecting pin extends into the first guide groove and is slidably connected to the first guide groove. The first guide groove includes a first guide section and a second guide section, and the second guide section is connected to one end of the first guide section. When the inner rod reciprocates axially between the first position and the second position, the connecting pin is located in the first guide section; when the inner rod rotates circumferentially relative to the punch and the pressing cap, the connecting pin is located in the second guide section and prevents the inner rod from moving axially.

4. The vessel puncturer of claim 3, wherein, The second guide segment extends circumferentially along the inner rod.

5. The vessel puncturer of claim 3, wherein, The first guide section includes an inclined section that is axially inclined relative to the inner rod, so that when the connecting pin slides relative to the inclined section, the inner rod can move axially and rotate circumferentially at the same time.

6. The vessel puncturer of claim 5, wherein, The first guide section further includes a horizontal section parallel to the axial direction of the inner rod, so that when the connecting pin slides relative to the horizontal section, the inner rod moves axially.

7. The vessel puncturer of any one of claims 1-5, wherein, The inner rod is provided with a groove at one end away from the blade sleeve, and a second guide groove is provided on the side wall of the groove, extending circumferentially along the inner rod. The pressing cap includes a main body and a protrusion connected to the side wall of the main body. The main body is inserted into the groove, and the protrusion extends into the second guide groove and is slidably connected to the second guide groove. When the inner rod rotates circumferentially relative to the punch and the pressing cap, the protrusion is located in the groove.

8. The vessel puncturer of claim 7, wherein, The groove sidewall is also provided with an axial groove extending along the axial direction of the inner rod. One end of the axial groove extends to the end face of the inner rod away from the blade sleeve, and the other end extends to the second guide groove.

9. The blood vessel punch according to claim 8, characterized in that, The inner rod may also be provided with a slot, one end of which extends to the axial groove and the other end extends to the outer circumferential surface of the inner rod. A wedge is inserted into the slot, and along the axial direction of the inner rod, the wedge interferes with the protrusion to prevent the pressing cap from coming out of the axial groove.

10. The vessel puncturer of any one of claims 1-5, wherein, The pressing cap is threaded to the end of the inner rod away from the blade sleeve.

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