Gas-liquid distributor with filling structure

Abstract

This utility model relates to the field of petrochemical equipment technology, specifically to a gas-liquid distributor with a filling structure. It includes a support plate and a distribution pipe, with the distribution pipe vertically inserted through the support plate. The top of the distribution pipe has a gas inlet, and the section of the distribution pipe above the support plate has multiple liquid inlets arranged along its length. The lower end of the distribution pipe is connected to multiple capillary tubes, each extending downwards from the distribution pipe, thus solving the problem of uniform liquid distribution for high-viscosity, low-flow-rate liquids with a large adjustment range. A filling structure for inserting into an outer reaction tube and pressing the catalyst layer within it is provided on the outer side of the lower end of the distribution pipe. The outlet of the capillary tubes extends to the lower end face of the filling structure or downwards out of the filling structure. The catalyst layer can be pressed simultaneously with the installation of the distribution pipe, eliminating the need for additional catalyst pressing installation steps. Similarly, when the catalyst layer pressing structure needs to be removed, removing the distribution pipe will remove the filling structure, facilitating updates and maintenance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of petrochemical equipment technology, specifically to a gas-liquid distributor with a filling structure. Background Technology

[0002] Trickle-bed reactors are commonly used in gas-liquid-solid three-phase catalytic reactors. The catalyst is typically solid and packed in the catalyst bed section of the reactor. Reactants flow through the catalyst bed in both gas and liquid phases, and they are widely used in chemical processes such as hydrogenation. Trickle-bed reactors are easier to manufacture than tubular reactors and easier to operate and maintain continuously than batch reactors, making them highly suitable for industrial applications. However, the uniformity of the distribution of gas-liquid reactants in the catalyst bed has a crucial impact on the reaction. Uneven distribution can cause flow deviation and channeling within the catalyst bed, resulting in significant differences in reactant residence time and reaction ratios. This leads to a substantial reduction in conversion and selectivity, and may even cause localized overheating due to heat accumulation.

[0003] For example, Chinese patent document CN101279228B discloses a gas-liquid distributor for a trickle bed reactor, which mainly solves the problem of uneven gas-liquid distribution in previous trickle bed reactors, leading to uneven fluid distribution within the catalyst bed, poor trickling effect, and poor catalytic reaction efficiency. The solution employs a gas-liquid distributor consisting of a gas channel pipe and a liquid channel pipe mounted on a support plate. The gas channel pipe is composed of a conical top cover and a vertical short pipe; the liquid channel pipe is a vertical short pipe, with its upper end extending 10-100 mm above the support plate and its lower end extending 200-1000 mm below the support plate. Small holes are evenly distributed on the cross-section at different positions along the axial direction. This solution effectively solves the problem, significantly improves the reaction efficiency of the trickle bed reactor, and can be applied to various trickle bed reactors.

[0004] The specifications of the aforementioned prior art also disclose that the internal fluid distribution structure of the currently widely used trickle bed reactors in China is relatively simple, mainly employing a multi-vertical distribution plate. Perforations are opened at different cross-sectional positions on the vertical pipes, and caps are installed at the top of the vertical pipes. Gas enters the catalyst bed from the bottom of the cap through the vertical pipes, while liquid enters the vertical pipes through the openings and then into the catalyst bed. This structure is simple, but because the liquid and gas only have axial flow distribution, it is difficult to form a uniform gas-liquid distribution.

[0005] Chinese patent document CN117899754A discloses a distributor, a trickle bed reactor, and their applications. The material distributor in the provided trickle bed reactor can deliver the material to the distributor more evenly. The downcomer set on the support plate has a low opening ratio, which allows the material to flow and mix fully. The dispersion tube and dispersion plate on the lower side of the support plate can fully and evenly disperse the material onto the catalyst bed under low gas volume or even no gas phase, thereby making the reaction using the reactor have higher conversion rate and selectivity.

[0006] For high-viscosity, low-flow-rate fluids, using existing material distributors can easily lead to problems such as wall flow and channel flow after the gas-liquid mixture exits the distributor. This causes the dripping material to converge and enter the catalyst bed below, resulting in uneven contact between the material and the catalyst, which affects the reaction efficiency of the medium.

[0007] Furthermore, existing reactors all have a gas-liquid distributor installed inside the cylinder, with a ceramic ball layer and a catalyst bed layer set below the distributor inside the cylinder. The ceramic ball layer is used to compress the catalyst bed, and the gas-liquid mixture reacts with the catalyst bed layer after passing through the ceramic ball layer.

[0008] The inventors have developed a tubular reactor with a gas-liquid distributor. This technology has not yet been disclosed. Multiple distribution tubes inside the reactor shell correspond one-to-one with the reaction tubes. Each reaction tube contains a catalyst layer, and a layer of ceramic balls is placed inside the reaction tube to compress the catalyst. Because the ceramic ball layer is located inside the reaction tube, and the distribution tube is inserted into the reaction tube, the installation and removal of the ceramic ball layer is inconvenient. Summary of the Invention

[0009] In view of the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides a gas-liquid distributor with a filling structure.

[0010] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution:

[0011] A gas-liquid distributor with a filling structure is provided, comprising a support plate and a distribution pipe, the distribution pipe being vertically inserted through the support plate, a gas inlet being provided at the top of the distribution pipe, and a plurality of liquid inlets arranged along the length direction in the segment of the distribution pipe above the support plate. Its characteristic feature is that:

[0012] The lower end of the distribution tube is connected to multiple capillaries, each of which extends downwards towards the distribution tube.

[0013] The lower outer side of the distribution tube is provided with a packing structure for inserting into the outer reaction tube to press the catalyst layer inside; the outlet of the capillary tube extends to the lower end face of the packing structure or extends downward out of the packing structure.

[0014] Specifically, the filling structure includes a carrier tube, the lower end of the distribution tube is inserted into the carrier tube, the upper end of the carrier tube is sealed and fixed to the outer wall of the distribution tube, the lower end of the carrier tube is provided with wire mesh, and the cavity formed by the inner wall of the carrier tube, the outer wall of the distribution tube and the wire mesh is filled with filler.

[0015] Specifically, the distribution tube is a vertical tube, the distance between the upper end of the distribution tube and the support plate is 10-250mm, and the distance between the lower end of the distribution tube and the support plate is 30-1000mm; the inner diameter of the capillary is 0.2-5mm.

[0016] Specifically, the lower ends of the multiple capillaries have different heights.

[0017] Specifically, the distribution pipe is a single-section structure, or the distribution pipe is a segmented, detachable, multi-segment splicing structure.

[0018] Specifically, the lower end of the distribution tube is provided with a sealing plate, and the capillary tube is connected through the sealing plate and / or the side wall of the distribution tube near the sealing plate.

[0019] Specifically, the sealing plate is an arc plate, hemispherical plate, or elliptical plate with a concave inner top surface; or the sealing plate is a flat plate with a concave guide groove on the top of the plate corresponding to the capillary position.

[0020] Specifically, the top of the distribution pipe is provided with a cover plate that seals its upper port, and the gas inlet is located on the lateral sidewall of the distribution pipe near the cover plate.

[0021] Specifically, the capillary tube is a straight tube or a curved tube, and the capillary tube is a tube of equal diameter or a tube of variable diameter.

[0022] Specifically, the distribution pipe is a straight pipe with a circular, polygonal, or irregular cross-section; and / or: the diameter of the distribution pipe is uniform or varies along its length.

[0023] Specifically, the distribution pipe is provided with an exhaust port near the bottom of the support plate, and the exhaust ports are arranged in a single horizontal row or in multiple vertical rows.

[0024] The beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0025] This invention discloses a gas-liquid distributor with a filling structure, which, compared with existing technologies, solves the problems of uniform liquid distribution in high-viscosity, low-flow-rate, and wide-range-adjustment applications, as well as the inconvenience of disassembling and assembling the structure used to press down the catalyst layer. The filling structure is integrated into the lower end of the distribution tube, thus enabling catalyst layer compression simultaneously with the installation of the distribution tube, eliminating the need for additional catalyst compression installation steps. Similarly, when the catalyst layer compression structure needs to be removed, removing the distribution tube allows the filling structure to be taken out with it, facilitating updates and maintenance.

[0026] In operation, gas enters the distribution pipe through the gas inlet at the top, while liquid above the support plate enters through the liquid inlet. The gas-liquid mixture exits downwards through the capillary. The number of submerged liquid inlets can be adjusted by controlling the liquid level outside the distribution pipe, allowing for a wide range of liquid flow rate regulation.

[0027] For high-viscosity, low-flow-rate gas-liquid mixtures, existing technologies cause the material to converge due to channeling and wall flow as it passes through ceramic balls. However, this invention uses capillary tubes to discharge the gas-liquid mixture, preventing the dripping material from converging again and ensuring that the discharged material comes into direct and uniform contact with the catalyst below. Attached Figure Description

[0028] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the embodiments in the drawings do not constitute any limitation on the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the following drawings without creative effort.

[0029] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the first embodiment of a gas-liquid distributor with a filling structure according to the present invention.

[0030] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a gas-liquid distributor with a filling structure combined with a reaction tube in application according to this utility model.

[0031] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the second embodiment of a gas-liquid distributor with a filling structure according to the present invention.

[0032] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the third embodiment of a gas-liquid distributor with a filling structure according to the present invention.

[0033] Figure label:

[0034] Support plate 1;

[0035] Distribution pipe 2, gas inlet 21, liquid inlet 22, sealing plate 23, guide channel 231, cover plate 24, exhaust port 25;

[0036] 3. Capillary tube; 4. Reaction tube; 5. Catalyst layer;

[0037] Filling structure 6, bearing pipe 61, wire mesh 62, filler 63. Detailed Implementation

[0038] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Unless otherwise specified, the following embodiments and features can be combined with each other.

[0039] This embodiment provides a gas-liquid distributor with a filling structure, such as... Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, it includes a support plate 1 and a distribution pipe 2. Figure 1 Only one distribution pipe 2 is shown in the diagram, but in reality, there can be multiple distribution pipes 2 arranged and passing through the support plate 1. The multiple distribution pipes 2 on the support plate 1 can be distributed in a polygonal trajectory, a concentric circle trajectory, or a horizontal and vertical arrangement, or an irregular trajectory. The top of the distribution pipe 2 is provided with a gas inlet 21, and the segment of the distribution pipe 2 above the support plate 1 is provided with multiple liquid inlets 22 arranged along the length direction. The lower end of the distribution pipe 2 is connected to multiple capillary tubes 3, and each capillary tube 3 extends downwards from the distribution pipe 2.

[0040] The lower outer side of the distribution tube 2 is provided with a filling structure for inserting into the outer reaction tube 4 to press the catalyst layer 5 inside; the outlet of the capillary tube 3 extends to the lower end face of the filling structure 6 or extends downward out of the filling structure 6. Specifically, the filling structure 6 includes a support tube 61, the lower end of the distribution tube 2 is inserted into the support tube 61, the upper end of the support tube 61 is sealed and fixed to the outer wall of the distribution tube 2, the lower end of the support tube 61 is provided with a wire mesh 62, and the cavity formed by the inner wall of the support tube 61, the outer wall of the distribution tube 2 and the wire mesh 62 is filled with filler 63. The filler 63 is a ceramic ball or other sphere that is resistant to high temperature and high pressure and corrosion. The figure only briefly shows the position of the filler 63, and its density is not limited.

[0041] During installation, the filling structure 6 is integrated into the lower end of the distribution pipe 2, such as... Figure 2 The diagram shows the application of the distributor installed on the reaction tube 4. Installing the distributor tube 2 simultaneously achieves the compaction of the catalyst layer 5, eliminating the need for additional steps in installing the catalyst layer 5. Similarly, when it is necessary to remove the structure for compacting the catalyst layer 5, removing the distributor tube 2 allows the removal of the filling structure 6, facilitating updates and maintenance.

[0042] In actual use, the distributor is fixed entirely within the reactor cylinder. The support plate 1 and the cylinder form a chamber, on which liquid can be loaded, but it will not extend beyond the gas inlet. Gas enters the distribution pipe 2 through the gas inlet 21 at the top, while the liquid above the support plate 1 enters the distribution pipe 2 through the liquid inlet. Thus, the gas and liquid phases mix within the distribution pipe 2, and the mixture flows downwards through the capillary tube 3 into the catalyst layer within the reactor. Therefore, the number of submerged liquid inlets 22 can be adjusted by controlling the liquid level outside the distribution pipe 2, allowing for a wide range of adjustment of the liquid flow rate entering the distribution pipe 2.

[0043] For high-viscosity, low-flow-rate gas-liquid mixtures, existing technologies cause channeling and wall flow, leading to material aggregation as it passes through ceramic balls. In contrast, this invention uses capillary tube 3 to guide the gas-liquid mixture, preventing the dripping material from aggregating again and allowing the material to directly and uniformly contact the catalyst below (ensuring sufficient catalyst contact without material aggregation, thus achieving uniformity).

[0044] In this embodiment, the distribution tube 2 is a vertical tube, the distance between the upper end of the distribution tube 2 and the top surface of the support plate 1 is 10-250 mm, and the distance between the lower end of the distribution tube 2 and the bottom surface of the support plate 1 is 30-1000 mm. Preferably, the inner diameter of the capillary tube 3 is 0.2-5 mm.

[0045] In this embodiment, the lower ends of the multiple capillary tubes 3 have different heights. By setting a height difference at the outlet of the capillary tubes 3, material re-aggregation is avoided, and the wall flow problem after the material enters the catalyst bed downwards is also solved. This greatly improves the reaction efficiency of the reactor and can be applied to various low-flow-rate reactors.

[0046] In practice, the distribution pipe 2 is a single-section structure, with its outer wall welded and fixed to the pipe hole of the support plate 1. Alternatively, the distribution pipe 2 can be a segmented, detachable, multi-section splicing structure, such as threaded connections between the multiple pipe sections that make up the distribution pipe 2, or threaded connections between the upper and lower pipe sections to the support plate 1, which facilitates switching the length, diameter, shape, etc. of the distribution pipe 2 according to requirements without having to replace the entire distributor.

[0047] Specifically, the lower end of the distribution pipe 2 is equipped with a sealing plate 23. Figure 1 and Figure 3 In the middle, capillary tube 3 is connected to sealing plate 23. Figure 4 The capillary tube 3 is connected to both the sealing plate 23 and the side wall of the distribution tube 2 near the sealing plate 23.

[0048] In practice, the sealing plate 23 is an arc-shaped plate or a hemispherical plate with a concave inner top surface (such as...). Figure 1 ) or an oval plate; or a flat plate 23 (such as Figure 3 The top of the plate has a recessed guide groove 231 corresponding to the position of the capillary tube 3, so that when the liquid level in the distribution tube 2 is low, the material will preferentially flow through the capillary tube 3 corresponding to the middle guide groove 231.

[0049] Specifically, the top of the distribution pipe 2 is provided with a cover plate 24 that seals its upper port. The gas inlet 21 is located on the lateral side wall of the distribution pipe 2 near the cover plate 24, and multiple gas inlets 21 are arranged circumferentially.

[0050] In practice, the capillary tube 3 is a straight tube or a bent tube, and the capillary tube 3 is a tube of equal diameter or a tube of variable diameter.

[0051] Optionally, the distribution pipe 2 is a straight pipe with a circular, polygonal, or irregular cross-section.

[0052] Optionally, the diameter of the distribution pipe 2 is either uniform or variable along its length.

[0053] Specifically, the distribution pipe 2 is provided with an exhaust port 25 near the bottom surface of the support plate 1, allowing unmixed gas to be discharged from the distribution pipe 2 through the exhaust port 25. The exhaust ports 25 are arranged in a single horizontal row or in multiple vertical rows. Of course, the exhaust ports can also be partially or completely connected to capillary tubes and connected to the catalyst layer below.

[0054] In the description of this utility model, it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this utility model, and not all of them. The components of the embodiments of this utility model described and shown in the accompanying drawings can generally be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0055] Therefore, the above detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely to illustrate selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0056] In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that the terms "middle," "upper," "lower," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship commonly used when the product is in use. They are used only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," etc., are only used to distinguish descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0057] In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "set," "connected," and "linked" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection. They can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection. They can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or a connection within two components. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

Claims

1. A gas-liquid distributor with a filling structure, comprising a support plate and a distribution pipe, the distribution pipe being vertically inserted through the support plate, a gas inlet being provided at the top of the distribution pipe, and a plurality of liquid inlets arranged along the length direction on the section of the distribution pipe above the support plate, characterized in that: The lower end of the distribution tube is connected to multiple capillaries, each of which extends downwards towards the distribution tube. The lower outer side of the distribution tube is provided with a packing structure for inserting into the outer reaction tube to press the catalyst layer inside; the outlet of the capillary tube extends to the lower end face of the packing structure or extends downward out of the packing structure.

2. The gas-liquid distributor with packing structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The filling structure includes a carrier tube, the lower end of a distribution tube is inserted into the carrier tube, the upper end of the carrier tube is sealed and fixed to the outer wall of the distribution tube, the lower end of the carrier tube is provided with a wire mesh, and the cavity formed by the inner wall of the carrier tube, the outer wall of the distribution tube and the wire mesh is filled with filler.

3. The gas-liquid distributor with packing structure according to claim 1, characterized in that the distribution The tube is a vertical tube, with the distance between the upper end of the distribution tube and the support plate being 10–250 mm, and the distance between the lower end of the distribution tube and the support plate being 30–1000 mm; the inner diameter of the capillary is 0.2–5 mm.

4. The gas-liquid distributor with packing structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The distribution pipe is a single-section structure, or the distribution pipe is a segmented, detachable, multi-section spliced ​​structure.

5. The gas-liquid distributor with packing structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower end of the distribution tube is provided with a sealing plate, and the capillary tube is connected through the sealing plate and / or the side wall of the distribution tube near the sealing plate.

6. The gas-liquid distributor with packing structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: The sealing plate is an arc-shaped plate, hemispherical plate, or elliptical plate with a concave inner top surface; or the sealing plate is a flat plate with a concave guide groove on the top of the flat plate corresponding to the position of the capillary tube.

7. The gas-liquid distributor with packing structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top of the distribution tube is provided with a cover plate that seals its upper end, and the gas inlet is located on the lateral sidewall of the distribution tube near the cover plate; and / or: the lower ends of multiple capillaries have different heights.

8. The gas-liquid distributor with packing structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The capillary tube is a straight tube or a curved tube, and the capillary tube is a tube of equal diameter or a tube of variable diameter.

9. The gas-liquid distributor with packing structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The distribution pipe is a straight pipe with a circular, polygonal, or irregular cross-section; and / or: the diameter of the distribution pipe is uniform or varies along its length.

10. The gas-liquid distributor with packing structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The distribution pipe is provided with an exhaust port near the bottom of the support plate. The exhaust ports are arranged in a single horizontal row or in multiple vertical rows.

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