Spray pyrolysis device

Abstract

This application relates to a spray pyrolysis device, including a furnace body with a heating chamber. The heating chamber includes a preheating zone, a reaction zone, and an annealing zone distributed sequentially from top to bottom. The end of the reaction zone closest to the annealing zone is defined as the end, and the end of the annealing zone closest to the reaction zone is defined as the starting end. An atomizing module is disposed on the furnace body and includes a nozzle located at the position corresponding to the preheating zone. An ultrasonic vibration module is disposed on the side wall of the furnace body, located at the end of the reaction zone and / or the starting end of the annealing zone. This device enhances the probability of particle collision, promoting primary particle agglomeration into large target particle sizes. It can also suppress secondary agglomeration, ensuring particle surface crystallinity, reducing lattice defects, and thus ensuring particle size stability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of precursor preparation technology, and in particular to a spray pyrolysis apparatus. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, industrial spray pyrolysis equipment mainly consists of several parts, including a solution preparation tank, a high-temperature chamber, a material collection system, and a waste gas treatment system. The spray process involves atomized droplets falling from the top of the high-temperature chamber, undergoing high-temperature physicochemical processes to generate powder materials and acidic gases.

[0003] Existing pyrolysis equipment generally suffers from the following drawbacks:

[0004] The small particle size of the primary pyrolysis particles leads to an unstable particle size distribution width (span) value, resulting in unstable overall performance after sintering. Utility Model Content

[0005] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a spray pyrolysis apparatus that increases the primary particle size while reducing lattice defects.

[0006] This application provides a spray pyrolysis device, including a furnace body with a heating chamber. The heating chamber includes a preheating zone, a reaction zone, and an annealing zone distributed sequentially from top to bottom. The end of the reaction zone near the annealing zone is defined as the end point, and the end of the annealing zone near the reaction zone is defined as the starting point. An atomizing module is disposed on the furnace body, and the atomizing module includes a nozzle for spraying fluid, the nozzle being located on the furnace body at a position corresponding to the preheating zone. An ultrasonic vibration module is disposed on the side wall of the furnace body, and the ultrasonic vibration module is located at the end point of the reaction zone and / or the starting point of the annealing zone.

[0007] In one embodiment, there are at least two ultrasonic vibration modules, which are arranged at circumferential intervals along the furnace body.

[0008] In one embodiment, the furnace wall of the furnace body includes a ceramic fiber layer, an aerogel layer, and a metal shell layer arranged sequentially from the inside to the outside along its own thickness direction.

[0009] In one embodiment, the ultrasonic vibration module includes an ultrasonic transducer disposed on the furnace wall and an amplitude transformer connected to the ultrasonic transducer, the first end of the amplitude transformer passing through the furnace wall into the heating cavity.

[0010] In one embodiment, the heating chamber is provided with a flow channel for the material ejected from the nozzle to enter, and a gap is left between the first end of the amplitude rod and the outer wall of the flow channel.

[0011] In one embodiment, the outer surface of the first end of the amplitude transformer is covered with a protective layer. In one embodiment, a connecting ring is sleeved around the periphery of the furnace body, the connecting ring is fixedly connected to the furnace body, and the outer peripheral wall of the connecting ring and the ultrasonic vibration module are provided with a protrusion and a socket that can be detachably inserted.

[0012] In one embodiment, the atomizing module includes a nozzle, the outlet of which is the nozzle orifice, and a guide groove for guiding fluid is provided on the inner sidewall of the nozzle, the guide groove extending spirally along the axial direction of the nozzle.

[0013] In one embodiment, a guide plate arranged to rotate relative to the furnace body is provided on the inner peripheral wall of the annealing zone, and the guide plate is provided with guide holes of different diameters.

[0014] In one embodiment, the spray pyrolysis apparatus further includes a particle size control system, which includes a PLC controller and a laser particle size analyzer for monitoring particle size within the heating chamber. The signal output terminal of the laser particle size analyzer is electrically connected to the signal input terminal of the PLC controller. The signal output terminal of the PLC controller is electrically connected to the atomization module and the ultrasonic vibration module, respectively, and is configured to adjust the ultrasonic frequency of the ultrasonic vibration module and the carrier gas flow rate of the atomization module according to the particle size monitored by the laser particle size analyzer.

[0015] Compared with existing technologies, the spray pyrolysis apparatus provided in this application atomizes the precursor solution into micron-sized droplets through an atomization module. These droplets are then transported by a carrier gas to the preheating zone in the heating chamber, and sequentially pass through the preheating zone and reaction zone before entering the annealing zone. An ultrasonic vibration module is located at the end of the reaction zone, providing additional kinetic energy to the heating chamber, increasing the probability of particle collisions, and promoting primary particle agglomeration into larger target particle sizes. The ultrasonic vibration module is located at the beginning of the annealing zone, suppressing secondary agglomeration, ensuring particle surface crystallinity, reducing lattice defects, and thus guaranteeing particle size stability, resulting in stable overall performance after sintering. Attached Figure Description

[0016] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the conventional technology, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the conventional technology will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0017] Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional view of a portion of the structure of a spray pyrolysis apparatus according to an embodiment of this application;

[0018] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of a furnace body according to an embodiment of this application;

[0019] Figure 3 This is a front view of a spray pyrolysis apparatus according to an embodiment of this application;

[0020] Figure 4 This is a top view of the electromagnetic chuck and connecting ring assembled in one embodiment of this application;

[0021] Figure 5 for Figure 4 Cross-sectional view after the ultrasonic vibration module is installed;

[0022] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the nozzle structure according to an embodiment of this application;

[0023] Figure 7 This is a top view of the heating chamber near the guide plate in a spray pyrolysis apparatus according to an embodiment of this application;

[0024] Figure 8 This is a cross-sectional view of a portion of the furnace wall in one embodiment of this application;

[0025] Figure 9 A cross-sectional view of an amplitude transformer with a protective layer.

[0026] Figure 10 A schematic diagram of the particle size control system;

[0027] Figure 11 This is a cross-sectional view of the location where the ultrasonic vibration module is installed in the furnace body in one embodiment of this application;

[0028] Figure 12 This is a cross-sectional view of the location where the ultrasonic vibration module is installed in the furnace body, according to another embodiment of this application.

[0029] Reference numerals: 1. Furnace body; 10. Heating chamber; 101. Preheating zone; 102. Reaction zone; 1021. End; 103. Annealing zone; 1031. Starting end; 11. Connecting ring; 111. Protrusion; 12. Electromagnetic chuck; 120. Through hole; 13. Flow channel; 14. Furnace wall; 140. Perforation; 141. Ceramic fiber layer; 142. Aerogel layer; 143. Metal outer shell layer; 2. Atomization module; 21. Nozzle; 210. Nozzle; 211. Guide groove; 3. Ultrasonic vibration module; 31. Armature; 32. Ultrasonic transducer; 33. Amplitude bar; 331. Protective layer; 4. Guide plate; 41. Guide hole; 5. Particle size control system; 51. PLC controller; 52. Laser particle size analyzer. Detailed Implementation

[0030] To make the above-mentioned objectives, features, and advantages of this application more apparent and understandable, the specific embodiments of this application are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Many specific details are set forth in the following description to provide a thorough understanding of this application. However, this application can be implemented in many other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar modifications without departing from the spirit of this application. Therefore, this application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0031] It should be noted that when a component is described as "fixed to" or "set to" another component, it can be directly on the other component or it can be in a middle component. When a component is described as "connected to" another component, it can be directly connected to the other component or it may be in a middle component.

[0032] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this application, "multiple" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0033] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can mean that the first feature is in direct contact with the second feature, or that the first feature and the second feature are in indirect contact through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0034] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used in this application have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. The terminology used in this application is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the application. The term "and / or" as used in this application includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0035] like Figures 1-10As shown, this application discloses a spray pyrolysis device. The spray pyrolysis device includes a furnace body 1, an atomization module 2, and an ultrasonic vibration module 3. The furnace body 1 has a heating chamber 10, which includes a preheating zone 101, a reaction zone 102, and an annealing zone 103 distributed sequentially from top to bottom. The temperature of the reaction zone 102 is higher than the temperature of the annealing zone 103, and the temperature of the annealing zone 103 is higher than the temperature of the preheating zone 101. The end of the reaction zone 102 closest to the annealing zone 103 is defined as the end 1021, and the end of the annealing zone 103 closest to the reaction zone 102 is defined as the beginning 1031.

[0036] Heating elements can be respectively installed in the preheating zone 101, reaction zone 102, and annealing zone 103. The heating elements are spaced apart along the height of the furnace body to control the temperature of the preheating zone 101, reaction zone 102, and annealing zone 103 respectively. When the heating elements are working, the temperature is usually highest when closer to the heating element and gradually decreases as the distance from the heating element increases.

[0037] Specifically, the furnace wall 14 of the furnace body 1 has a first heating element near the top, a second heating element near the bottom, and a third heating element in the middle. The first heating element corresponds to the preheating zone 101 and controls its temperature; the second heating element corresponds to the annealing zone 103 and controls its temperature; and the third heating element corresponds to the reaction zone 102 and controls its temperature. Thus, the heating chamber is heated by the first, second, and third heating elements, forming the preheating zone 101, reaction zone 102, and annealing zone 103 within the heating chamber 10. Based on the radiation principle between the heating element and distance along the vertical direction of the heating chamber 10, there exists a lowest temperature point at various locations within the heating chamber 10 corresponding to the radiation from the first and third heating elements. This lowest temperature point can serve as the boundary between the preheating zone 101 and the reaction zone 102. Similarly, at various locations in the heating chamber 10 corresponding to the second and third heating elements, and at various locations in the radiated heating chamber 10 between the second and third heating elements, there exists another lowest temperature position, which can serve as the boundary between the annealing zone 103 and the reaction zone 102.

[0038] Sensors can be used to identify the temperature at various points within the heating chamber 10. Therefore, the two lowest temperature points can be determined using sensors.

[0039] Of course, in other embodiments, such as Figure 2 As shown in this embodiment, the heating cavity is evenly divided into the preheating zone, reaction zone and annealing zone from top to bottom, that is, the heating cavity is divided into three equal parts along the height direction (i.e., the vertical direction) of the furnace body.

[0040] like Figure 1 As shown, the atomizing module 2 is mounted on the furnace body 1, and the atomizing module 2 includes a nozzle 210 for fluid ejection, the nozzle 210 being located at the position corresponding to the preheating zone 101 of the furnace body 1. The ultrasonic vibration module 3 is mounted on the side wall of the furnace body 1, and the ultrasonic vibration module 3 is located at the end 1021 of the reaction zone 102 and / or the beginning 1031 of the annealing zone 103, to provide kinetic energy to the corresponding position in the heating chamber 10.

[0041] Understandably, the precursor solution is atomized into micron-sized droplets by the atomization module 2. These droplets are then transported by carrier gas to the preheating zone 101 in the heating chamber 10, and sequentially pass through the preheating zone 101 and the reaction zone 102 before entering the annealing zone 103. The reaction zone 102 is at a high temperature, which promotes primary particle nucleation. The ultrasonic vibration module 3 is located at the end 1021 of the reaction zone 102, providing additional kinetic energy to the heating chamber 10, increasing the probability of primary particle collisions, and promoting the agglomeration of primary particles into larger target particle sizes. The ultrasonic vibration module 3 is located at the beginning of the annealing zone 103, which also increases the probability of primary particle collisions and promotes the agglomeration of primary particles into larger target particle sizes. Furthermore, it can suppress secondary agglomeration, ensure the crystallinity of the particle surface, reduce lattice defects, and thus ensure particle size stability, thereby ensuring stable overall performance after sintering.

[0042] In this embodiment, such as Figure 3 As shown, there are at least two ultrasonic vibration modules 3, arranged at intervals along the circumference of the furnace body 1. Indicatively, there can be two, three, or more ultrasonic vibration modules 3. It is understood that this increases the collision probability of particles, improves the agglomeration efficiency of primary particles, and facilitates obtaining large target particle sizes for primary particles.

[0043] The ultrasonic frequencies of each ultrasonic vibration module 3 can be different or the same. Using ultrasonic vibration modules 3 with different ultrasonic frequencies can significantly enhance the collision probability of particles, improve the agglomeration efficiency of primary particles, and help to obtain large-size target particles.

[0044] like Figure 1 , Figures 3-5As shown, the ultrasonic vibration module 3 is detachably mounted on the side wall of the furnace body 1. In this embodiment, the ultrasonic vibration module 3 is specifically mounted on the side wall of the furnace body 1 by insertion. Specifically, a connecting ring 11 is sleeved around the furnace body 1, and the connecting ring 11 is fixedly connected to the furnace body 1. A protrusion 111 and a socket are provided between the outer peripheral wall of the connecting ring 11 and the ultrasonic vibration module 3 for interlocking. Thus, the ultrasonic vibration module 3 is detachable from the furnace body 1 through the detachable insertion method of the protrusion 111 and the socket. Illustratively, a socket can be formed on the outer peripheral wall of the connecting ring 11, and a protrusion 111 can be provided on the ultrasonic vibration module 3. In this embodiment, the protrusion 111 is formed on the outer peripheral wall of the connecting ring 11, while the ultrasonic vibration module 3 has a socket.

[0045] Thus, the ultrasonic vibration module 3 can be detached and installed by the insertion and engagement of the protrusion 111 and the socket. The engagement of the protrusion 111 and the socket allows for convenient and quick replacement of the ultrasonic vibration module 3 according to actual process requirements.

[0046] Furthermore, such as Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, an electromagnetic chuck 12 is fitted around the furnace body 1, and the connecting ring 11 is fitted around the electromagnetic chuck 12.

[0047] The ultrasonic vibration module will be further explained below using two implementation methods.

[0048] In the first embodiment, such as Figure 12 As shown, an insertion hole is provided on the outer peripheral wall of the connecting ring 11, and a protrusion 111 is provided on the ultrasonic vibration module 3. The insertion and engagement of the protrusion 111 and the insertion hole allows for the detachable installation of the ultrasonic vibration module 3. The ultrasonic vibration module 3 includes an ultrasonic transducer 32 and an amplitude transformer 33. The protrusion 111 is located on the ultrasonic transducer 32, and the amplitude transformer 33 extends from the protrusion 111 along the thickness direction of the furnace wall 14 into the heating cavity 10 and is at least partially located within the heating cavity 10. The amplitude transformer 33 passes through the insertion hole. In order to allow one end of the amplitude transformer 33 to pass into the heating cavity 10, the electromagnetic chuck 12 has a through hole 120 for the amplitude transformer 33 to pass through. The through hole 120 corresponds to the insertion hole, and the furnace wall 14 has a through hole 140 corresponding to the through hole 120. The amplitude transformer 33 has a first end and a second end. The first end of the amplitude transformer 33 is located inside the heating cavity 10, and the second end of the amplitude transformer 33 is formed on the protrusion 111 of the ultrasonic transducer 32, that is, the amplitude transformer 33 is connected to the ultrasonic transducer 32.

[0049] In the second embodiment, such as Figure 11As shown, this embodiment differs from the first embodiment described above in the following ways: 1. A protrusion 111 is provided on the outer peripheral wall of the connecting ring 11, and an insertion hole is provided on the ultrasonic transducer 32. The insertion and engagement of the protrusion 111 and the insertion hole enable the detachable installation of the ultrasonic vibration module 3; 2. The position of the amplitude transformer 33 is different. Specifically, the amplitude transformer 33 is provided on the ultrasonic transducer 32 and located beside the insertion hole. In this embodiment, the amplitude transformer 33 is located above the insertion hole, the connecting ring 11, and the electromagnetic chuck 12. Since the insertion hole and the protrusion 111 are inserted and engaged, the amplitude transformer 33 is also located above the protrusion 111, and the axis of the amplitude transformer 33 is parallel to the axis of the protrusion 111. In this embodiment, the amplitude transformer 33 extends from the ultrasonic transducer 32 along the thickness direction of the furnace wall 14 into the heating cavity 10 and is at least partially located within the heating cavity 10. In order to allow the first end of the amplitude rod 33 to extend into the heating cavity 10, it is only necessary to open the above-mentioned perforation 140 on the furnace wall 14.

[0050] The second end of the aforementioned amplitude transformer 33 is connected to the ultrasonic transducer 32. It should be noted that the connection between the amplitude transformer 33 and the ultrasonic transducer 32 adopts an existing connection method; that is, any method that achieves the connection is acceptable, such as using screws to fix the amplitude transformer 33 and the ultrasonic transducer 32. This will not be elaborated further in this embodiment. Furthermore, the ultrasonic transducer 32 includes an armature 31, and the second end of the amplitude transformer 33 is fixedly connected to the armature 31. Various fixing methods are possible; any method that achieves the fixation is acceptable, and will not be detailed in this embodiment. The working principle of the ultrasonic vibration module 3 is as follows: When the electromagnetic chuck 12 is energized, it generates a periodic magnetic field, attracting the armature 31, thereby causing the armature 31 to vibrate. The vibration of the armature 31 is transmitted to the amplitude transformer 33 to provide vibration to the furnace wall 14 and the heating cavity 10.

[0051] The heating chamber 10 is provided with a flow channel 13 for material to pass through, that is, the material ejected from the nozzle 210 enters the flow channel 13. A gap is left between the first end of the amplitude transformer 33 (i.e., the end located inside the heating chamber 10) and the outer wall of the flow channel 13; specifically, the gap between the first end of the amplitude transformer 33 and the outer wall of the flow channel 13 is 5cm to 20cm. This avoids mechanical collision or vibration coupling interference between the amplitude transformer and the outer wall of the flow channel, while ensuring that vibration is better transmitted to the material in the flow channel, thus ensuring pyrolysis efficiency.

[0052] Furthermore, the ultrasonic transducer 32 is fixed to the outer side of the furnace wall 14 of the furnace body 1 by an elastic bracket. Thus, after the ultrasonic vibration module 3 is installed on the connecting ring 11, the elastic bracket allows the ultrasonic transducer 32 to be more firmly fixed to the furnace body 1. The vibration energy generated by the ultrasonic transducer 32 is transmitted to the interior of the heating cavity 10 through a silicone oil coupling agent, with a vibration attenuation rate ≤30%. In this embodiment, the ultrasonic transducer can be a PZT ceramic transducer.

[0053] In this embodiment, such as Figure 9 As shown, the outer surface of the first end of the aforementioned amplitude transformer 33 (i.e., the end located inside the heating cavity 10) is covered with a protective layer 331, the thickness of which is 5–10 μm; and / or, the protective layer 331 is a Teflon coating or a diamond film coating. This prevents particle deposition at the first end of the amplitude transformer 33 that extends into the heating cavity 10.

[0054] like Figure 1 and Figure 6 As shown, the atomizing module 2 includes a nozzle 21, the outlet of which is the nozzle 210. A guide groove 211 for guiding fluid flow is provided on the inner wall of the nozzle 21, and the guide groove 211 extends spirally along the axial direction of the nozzle 21. The presence of the guide groove 211 reduces solution residue and crystallization within the nozzle 21, preventing clogging.

[0055] like Figure 6 As shown, the guide channel 211 is spiral-shaped, meaning that the guide channel 211 is composed of at least two connected segments, with adjacent segments forming an acute angle α between them, such as α being 60°. The other parts of the atomizing module 2, except for the nozzle, adopt the structure of existing technology, which will not be described further in this embodiment.

[0056] like Figure 2 and Figure 7 As shown, a guide plate 4, rotatable relative to the furnace body 1, is provided on the inner peripheral wall of the annealing zone 103. The guide plate 4 has guide holes 41 of different diameters. It is understood that the presence of the guide plate 4 and the guide holes 41 increases the residence time of the gas used in the annealing zone 103, better suppressing secondary agglomeration, ensuring the crystallinity of the particle surface, and reducing lattice defects. By rotating the guide plate 4, the gas flow rate and flow distribution can be flexibly adjusted, optimizing the annealing environment for the particles.

[0057] It should be noted that there are several ways to achieve the rotation of the guide plate 4, such as connecting it to the furnace body via a rotating shaft that can rotate around its own axis, which can be adjusted manually or electrically. These will not be described in detail in this embodiment.

[0058] In this embodiment, such as Figure 2 and Figure 7 As shown, the guide plate 4 extends along the vertical direction of the furnace body 1, and there are at least two guide plates 4 arranged at circumferential intervals along the heating chamber 10. In this way, the residence time of the gas used in the annealing zone 103 can be further increased, secondary agglomeration can be better suppressed, the crystallinity of the particle surface can be ensured, and lattice defects can be reduced.

[0059] like Figure 8As shown, the furnace wall 14 of the furnace body 1 includes a ceramic fiber layer 141, an aerogel layer 142, and a metal shell layer 143 arranged sequentially from the inside to the outside along its thickness direction. The inner ceramic fiber layer 141 reflects radiant heat from the heating cavity 10 back, reducing heat absorption by the furnace wall 14. The middle aerogel layer 142 reduces airflow convection and lowers heat conduction. The outer metal shell reduces radiative heat loss. Therefore, the design of the ceramic fiber layer 141, aerogel layer 142, and metal shell layer 143 arranged sequentially from the inside to the outside makes the temperature inside the heating cavity 10 more uniform, with the temperature uniformity error controlled within ±5℃, thereby effectively reducing heat loss and energy consumption.

[0060] like Figure 10 As shown, the above-mentioned spray pyrolysis device also includes a particle size control system 5. The particle size control system 5 includes a PLC controller 51 and a laser particle size analyzer 52 for monitoring the particle size within the heating chamber 10. The signal output terminal of the laser particle size analyzer 52 is electrically connected to the signal input terminal of the PLC controller 51. The signal output terminal of the PLC controller 51 is electrically connected to the atomization module 2 and the ultrasonic vibration module 3, respectively, and is configured to adjust the ultrasonic frequency of the ultrasonic vibration module 3 and the carrier gas flow rate of the atomization module 2 according to the particle size monitored by the laser particle size analyzer 52. It should be noted that the carrier gas flow rate is the flow rate of the carrier air.

[0061] For example, when the laser particle size analyzer 52 detects that the particle D50 is < 2.8 μm, the PLC controller 51 automatically controls the ultrasonic vibration module to increase the ultrasonic power by 10% to 20%; when the laser particle size analyzer 52 detects that the particle D50 is > 3.2 μm, the PLC controller 51 can automatically control the temperature of the annealing zone 103 to decrease. It can be understood that the particle size control system 5, through the linkage between the laser particle size analyzer 52 and the PLC controller 51, can automatically and accurately adjust the ultrasonic frequency and carrier gas flow rate based on the real-time monitoring data of particle D50, thereby achieving a new level of precision in particle size control.

[0062] It should be noted that the control principle of the PLC controller, the atomization module 2, and the ultrasonic vibration module 3 adopts the principle of existing technology, which will not be elaborated in this embodiment.

[0063] In addition, the above-mentioned spray pyrolysis device also integrates an integrated waste gas treatment device, which can improve the solvent recovery rate under the action of ultrasonic vibration, and the recovery rate can be increased to more than 95%, effectively reducing waste gas emissions and realizing green production.

[0064] The application of the above-described spray pyrolysis device will be further illustrated through the following specific embodiments. However, those skilled in the art will understand that the following embodiments are for illustrative purposes only and should not be considered as limiting the scope of the present invention.

[0065] Example 1:

[0066] The spray pyrolysis device of this embodiment includes a furnace body 1, an atomization module 2, and an ultrasonic vibration module 3. The furnace body 1 has a heating chamber 10, which includes a preheating zone 101, a reaction zone 102, and an annealing zone 103 distributed from top to bottom. The end of the reaction zone 102 near the annealing zone 103 is defined as the end 1021, and the end of the annealing zone 103 near the reaction zone 102 is defined as the beginning 1031.

[0067] Atomizing module 2 is mounted on furnace body 1, and includes a nozzle 210 for fluid ejection, located in the furnace body 1 corresponding to the preheating zone 101. A flow channel 13 is provided in the heating chamber 10 for material to pass through; that is, the material ejected through nozzle 210 enters the flow channel 13. Specifically, atomizing module 2 includes a nozzle 21, the outlet of which is nozzle 210.

[0068] The ultrasonic vibration module 3 is mounted on the side wall of the furnace body 1. In this embodiment, the ultrasonic vibration module 3 is located at the end 1021 of the reaction zone 102, and there is one module to provide kinetic energy to the corresponding position in the reaction zone 102. The ultrasonic vibration module 3 also includes an ultrasonic transducer 32 mounted on the furnace wall 14 of the furnace body 1 and an amplitude transformer 33 connected to the ultrasonic transducer 32. The first end of the amplitude transformer 33 passes through the furnace wall 14 and enters the heating cavity 10, and the second end of the amplitude transformer 33 is connected to the ultrasonic transducer 32.

[0069] Furthermore, the ultrasonic transducer 32 is fixed to the outside of the furnace wall 14 of the furnace body 1 by an elastic bracket. In this way, after the ultrasonic vibration module 3 is installed in the furnace body 1, the ultrasonic transducer 32 can be more firmly fixed to the furnace body 1 by relying on the elastic bracket.

[0070] Comparative Example 1:

[0071] Compared with Example 1, the only difference is that the ultrasonic vibration module 3 is not provided.

[0072] Compared with Comparative Example 1, Example 1 showed that the primary particle size increased after pyrolysis, while the lattice defect rate and agglomeration index decreased.

[0073] Example 2:

[0074] The difference from Example 1 is that in the spray pyrolysis device of this example, the first end of the amplitude transformer 33 extending into the heating chamber 10 is coated with a Teflon coating, which serves as a protective layer 331 for the amplitude transformer 33. This results in an increase in primary particle size and a decrease in lattice defect rate and agglomeration index.

[0075] Compared with Example 1, the maintenance cycle of the spray pyrolysis device in this example is extended to 72 hours, and the particle deposition rate on the amplitude rod 33 is reduced.

[0076] Example 3:

[0077] The difference from Embodiment 1 is that the spray pyrolysis device in this embodiment also includes a PLC controller 51 and a laser particle size analyzer 52 for monitoring the particle size in the heating chamber 10. The signal output terminal of the laser particle size analyzer 52 is electrically connected to the signal input terminal of the PLC controller 51. The signal output terminal of the PLC controller 51 is electrically connected to the atomization module 2 and the ultrasonic vibration module 3 respectively, and is configured to adjust the ultrasonic frequency of the ultrasonic vibration module 3 and the carrier gas flow rate of the atomization module 2 according to the particle size monitored by the laser particle size analyzer 52.

[0078] In this embodiment, the PLC controller 51 adjusts the ultrasonic frequency and carrier gas flow rate based on feedback from the laser particle size analyzer 52. Therefore, when the laser particle size analyzer 52 detects a change in particle size, the PLC controller 51 can control the ultrasonic vibration module 3 and the atomization module 2 to respond and adjust quickly, resulting in more stable particle size control.

[0079] Example 4:

[0080] The difference from Example 1 is that the spray pyrolysis device in this example also has an ultrasonic vibration module 3 at the starting end 1031 of the annealing zone 103. That is, an ultrasonic vibration module 3 is provided at the end 1021 of the reaction zone 102 and the starting end 1031 of the annealing zone 103, respectively. See details. Figure 1 Compared to Example 1, the primary particle size increased after pyrolysis, while the lattice defect rate and agglomeration index decreased.

[0081] Example 5:

[0082] The difference from Example 1 is that in the spray pyrolysis device of this example, there is one ultrasonic vibration module 3, which is set at the starting end 1031 of the annealing zone 103.

[0083] Compared with Comparative Example 1, the primary particle size after pyrolysis in this embodiment is increased, while the lattice defect rate and agglomeration index are reduced.

[0084] Example 6:

[0085] The difference from Example 1 is that in the spray pyrolysis device of this example, the nozzle used is a nozzle 21 with a spiral guide groove 211, that is, compared with Example 1, only the nozzle 21 is replaced.

[0086] During the atomization process, compared with Example 1, nozzle clogging was reduced by 80%, and the continuous operating time of the equipment was significantly increased.

[0087] Example 7:

[0088] The difference from Example 1 is that in this example, a rotatable guide plate 4 is installed in the annealing zone 103 of the spray pyrolysis device. The gas flow rate is changed by adjusting the rotation angle and position of the guide plate 4. That is, compared with Example 1, only the guide plate 4 is added in the annealing zone 103.

[0089] Compared with Example 1, the particles in this example are heated more uniformly in the annealing zone 103, the crystal structure is more stable, and the lattice defect rate is reduced.

[0090] As can be seen from the above embodiments, the spray pyrolysis device of this embodiment effectively improves the primary particle size, crystal structure stability, single crystal particle uniformity, and reduces the agglomeration index of the spray pyrolysis material, ultimately improving the overall performance of the cathode material, such as capacity retention rate.

[0091] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0092] The embodiments described above are merely illustrative of several implementation methods of this application, and while the descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the patent application. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of this application, and these all fall within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the patent protection scope of this application should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A spray pyrolysis apparatus, characterized by, include: A furnace body (1) has a heating chamber (10) inside, the heating chamber (10) including a preheating zone (101), a reaction zone (102) and an annealing zone (103) distributed from top to bottom; the end of the reaction zone (102) near the annealing zone (103) is defined as the end (1021), and the end of the annealing zone (103) near the reaction zone (102) is defined as the start end (1031); Atomizing module (2) is provided on the furnace body (1). The atomizing module (2) includes a nozzle (210) for spraying fluid. The nozzle (210) is located on the furnace body (1) at the position corresponding to the preheating zone (101). An ultrasonic vibration module (3) is disposed on the side wall of the furnace body (1), and the ultrasonic vibration module (3) is located at the end (1021) of the reaction zone (102) and / or the beginning (1031) of the annealing zone (103).

2. The spray pyrolysis apparatus of claim 1, wherein There are at least two ultrasonic vibration modules (3), which are arranged at circumferential intervals along the furnace body (1).

3. The spray pyrolysis apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The furnace wall (14) of the furnace body (1) includes a ceramic fiber layer (141), an aerogel layer (142) and a metal shell layer (143) arranged sequentially from the inside to the outside along its own thickness direction.

4. The spray pyrolysis apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The ultrasonic vibration module (3) includes an ultrasonic transducer (32) disposed on the furnace wall (14) of the furnace body (1) and an amplitude transformer (33) connected to the ultrasonic transducer (32). The first end of the amplitude transformer (33) passes through the furnace wall (14) and enters the heating cavity (10).

5. The spray pyrolysis apparatus according to claim 4, characterized in that, The heating chamber (10) is provided with a flow channel (13) for the material ejected from the nozzle (210) to enter, and there is a gap between the first end of the amplitude rod (33) and the outer wall of the flow channel (13).

6. The spray pyrolysis apparatus according to claim 4, characterized in that, The outer surface of the first end of the amplitude rod (33) is covered with a protective layer (331).

7. The spray pyrolysis apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, A connecting ring (11) is sleeved around the furnace body (1). The connecting ring (11) is fixedly connected to the furnace body (1), and the outer peripheral wall of the connecting ring (11) and the ultrasonic vibration module (3) are matched with a protrusion (111) and a socket that can be detachably inserted.

8. The spray pyrolysis apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The atomizing module (2) includes a nozzle (21), the outlet of which is the nozzle (210). A guide groove (211) for guiding the material is provided on the inner side wall of the nozzle (21), and the guide groove (211) extends spirally along the axial direction of the nozzle (21).

9. The spray pyrolysis apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inner peripheral wall of the annealing zone (103) is provided with a guide plate (4) arranged to rotate relative to the furnace body (1), and the guide plate (4) is provided with guide holes (41) of different diameters.

10. The spray pyrolysis apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that, It also includes a particle size control system (5), which includes a PLC controller (51) and a laser particle size analyzer (52) for monitoring the particle size in the heating cavity (10). The signal output terminal of the laser particle size analyzer (52) is electrically connected to the signal input terminal of the PLC controller (51). The signal output terminal of the PLC controller (51) is electrically connected to the atomization module (2) and the ultrasonic vibration module (3) respectively, and is configured to adjust the ultrasonic frequency of the ultrasonic vibration module (3) and the carrier gas flow rate of the atomization module (2) according to the particle size monitored by the laser particle size analyzer (52).

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