An environmentally friendly solid salt recovery device for waste pyrolysis

Abstract

This utility model relates to the field of hazardous waste treatment technology, specifically an environmentally friendly solid salt recovery device for waste pyrolysis. It comprises, in sequence, a pre-drying unit, an organic matter crushing and pyrolysis unit, a screening unit, a magnetic separation unit, an air separation unit, a sedimentation and de-gravity / hardening unit, an evaporation and crystallization unit, an online monitoring unit, a tail gas treatment unit, and a control unit. The pre-drying unit includes a screw feeder, a heating, drying, and condensing device, and a humidity feedback system. The organic matter crushing and pyrolysis unit includes a jaw crusher, a microwave pyrolysis source, a cooler, and a cone crusher. The screening unit includes a double-layer vibrating machine, an electromagnetic drum magnetic separator, and a bidirectional air separator. The sedimentation and de-gravity / hardening unit includes a stepwise sedimentation reactor and a plate and frame filter press. The evaporation and crystallization unit includes an ultrafiltration membrane, a circulating pump, an evaporator crystallizer, and a centrifuge. The device achieves high salt purity and high recovery rate, combining high automation with environmental friendliness, significantly saving manpower and improving operational efficiency and safety.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of hazardous waste treatment technology, and in particular to an environmentally friendly solid salt recovery device for waste pyrolysis, which is especially suitable for the harmless and resource-based treatment of waste salt containing organic matter and heavy metals. Background Technology

[0002] Current hazardous waste salt treatment generally suffers from problems such as incomplete removal of organic matter, excessive heavy metal residues, and low salt resource utilization rates. Traditional processes often employ single treatment units, resulting in severe equipment corrosion, high energy consumption, and the inability to achieve multi-component recovery. For example: 1. Organic matter residue: Uneven temperature control in traditional pyrolysis methods leads to incomplete decomposition of organic matter; 2. Heavy metal pollution: Chemical precipitation methods struggle to recover valuable metals in stages, easily causing secondary pollution; 3. Salt cross-contamination: The lack of dynamic temperature control in evaporation and crystallization systems results in low salt separation purity; 4. Air separation and magnetic separation processes for impurity removal and the recovery of magnetic materials have been introduced.

[0003] Existing technologies mostly employ rotary kiln pyrolysis, which fails to address the issue of stepwise heavy metal recovery; furthermore, the lack of intelligent temperature control and online monitoring systems in evaporation systems leads to cross-contamination of salts. Utility Model Content

[0004] To address the problems of organic residue, heavy metal pollution, and cross-contamination of salts in existing hazardous waste salt treatment methods, this invention provides an environmentally friendly solid salt recovery device for waste pyrolysis. The technical solution adopted by this invention to solve the above problems is as follows: An environmentally friendly solid salt recovery device for waste pyrolysis, comprising a pre-drying unit, an organic matter crushing and pyrolysis unit, a sieving unit, a magnetic separation unit, an air separation unit, a sedimentation and heavy / hard removal unit, an evaporation and crystallization unit, an online monitoring unit, a tail gas treatment unit, and a control unit connected in sequence. The drying unit includes a screw feeder and a heating... The system includes a drying and condensation device, a dual-channel transport track, and a humidity feedback system. The organic matter crushing and pyrolysis unit includes a jaw crusher, a microwave pyrolysis source, a cooler, and a cone crusher. The screening unit includes a double-layer vibrating machine, an electromagnetic drum magnetic separator, and a bidirectional air separator. The precipitation, gravity removal, and hardening removal unit includes a step-by-step precipitation reactor and a plate and frame filter press. The evaporation and crystallization unit includes an ultrafiltration membrane, a circulating pump, an evaporator crystallizer, and a centrifuge. The monitoring and control unit includes a control system, anion and cation detectors, a pH meter, a conductivity meter, a hardness meter, an alkalinity meter, and a tail gas detector.

[0005] In the aforementioned environmentally friendly solid salt recovery device for waste pyrolysis, the heating and drying device includes a first conveyor belt and a second conveyor belt arranged horizontally. The second conveyor belt is an inclined conveyor belt. The first conveyor belt moves in the feeding direction, and the second conveyor belt moves in the discharging direction. The first conveyor belt and the second conveyor belt are heated in independent heating chambers.

[0006] In the aforementioned environmentally friendly solid salt recovery device for waste pyrolysis, the discharge port of the screw feeder is located above the first conveyor belt, and the feed rate of the screw feeder can be monitored and adjusted in real time by the control system.

[0007] In the aforementioned environmentally friendly solid salt recovery device for waste pyrolysis, a horizontal conveyor belt is provided below the discharge port of the jaw crusher, the microwave pyrolysis source and the cooler are sequentially arranged in the conveyor belt, the cone crusher is located below the conveyor belt, and the feed port of the cone crusher is in the same vertical direction as the end of the conveyor belt.

[0008] In the aforementioned environmentally friendly solid salt recovery device for waste pyrolysis, a first inclined conveyor belt is installed below the discharge port of the cone crusher, a double-layer vibrator is installed below the discharge of the inclined conveyor belt, and a second inclined conveyor belt is installed below the double-layer vibrator.

[0009] The aforementioned environmentally friendly solid salt recovery device for waste pyrolysis includes an electromagnetic drum magnetic separator installed in the second inclined conveyor belt, and the discharge position of the second inclined conveyor belt is located in the inner cavity of the bidirectional air separator.

[0010] In the aforementioned environmentally friendly solid salt recovery device for waste pyrolysis, the bidirectional air classifier is a vertical air classifier and a horizontal air classifier. A horizontal conveyor belt is installed in the bidirectional air classifier, and a stepwise sedimentation reactor is installed below the discharge port of the bidirectional air classifier.

[0011] In the aforementioned environmentally friendly solid salt recovery device for waste pyrolysis, the outlet pipe of the plate and frame filter press is connected to the circulating pump, and a filter device is provided at the connection point. The outlet pipe of the circulating pump is connected to the evaporator crystallizer.

[0012] In the aforementioned environmentally friendly solid salt recovery device for waste pyrolysis, the crystallization tank of the evaporator crystallizer is connected to a centrifuge, and a second conveyor belt is installed below the discharge port of the centrifuge.

[0013] In the aforementioned environmentally friendly solid salt recovery device for waste pyrolysis, the monitoring device is electrically connected to the control system.

[0014] As described above, the beneficial effects of the environmentally friendly solid salt recovery device for waste pyrolysis provided by this utility model are as follows: This utility model achieves the harmlessness and resource utilization of hazardous waste salt through technologies such as microwave directional depolymerization, heavy metal gradient precipitation recovery, multi-temperature zone crystallization separation and online process monitoring. In addition, the introduction of air separation and magnetic separation processes effectively improves the protection against impurities caused by material abnormalities, transfer pollution, equipment aging and other factors. Attached Figure Description

[0015] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall design of this utility model; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the entire utility model from another perspective; Figure 3 This is a process flow diagram of the present invention.

[0017] The reference numerals in the attached drawings are as follows: 1. Pre-drying unit; 11. Heating, drying and condensing device; 12. Second conveyor belt; 13. First conveyor belt; 14. Screw feeder; 2. Jaw crusher; 3. Microwave pyrolysis source; 4. Cone crusher; 41. First inclined conveyor belt; 42. Second inclined conveyor belt; 5. Double-layer vibrating machine; 6. Electromagnetic drum magnetic separator; 7. Bidirectional air separator; 71. Vertical air separator; 72. Fan; 73. Horizontal air separator; 74. Air separator discharge port; 75. Stepwise sedimentation reactor; 8. Plate and frame filter press; 81. Press plate; 82. Press rod; 9. Circulating pump; 10. Evaporator crystallizer; 101. Evaporator tank; 20. Centrifuge. Detailed Implementation

[0018] To facilitate understanding of this utility model, a more complete description will be given below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Preferred embodiments of this utility model are shown in the drawings. However, this utility model can be implemented in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided to provide a more thorough and complete understanding of the disclosure of this utility model.

[0019] It should be noted that when a component is said to be "fixed to" another component, it can be directly on the other component or there may be an intervening component. When a component is said to be "connected to" another component, it can be directly connected to the other component or there may be an intervening component. When a component is said to be "set on" another component, it can be directly set on the other component or there may be an intervening component.

[0020] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the application.

[0021] An environmentally friendly solid salt recovery device for waste pyrolysis includes a pre-drying unit 1, an organic matter crushing and pyrolysis unit, a sieving unit, a magnetic separation unit, an air separation unit, a sedimentation and de-gravity / de-hardening unit, an evaporation and crystallization unit, an online monitoring unit, a tail gas treatment unit, and a control unit connected in sequence. The drying unit includes a screw feeder 14, a heating, drying, and condensing device 11, a dual-channel transport track, and a humidity feedback system. The organic matter crushing and pyrolysis unit includes a jaw crusher 2, a microwave pyrolysis source 3, a cooler, and a cone crusher 4. The sieving unit includes a double-layer vibrating machine 5, an electromagnetic drum magnetic separator 6, and a bidirectional air separator 7. The sedimentation and de-gravity / de-hardening unit includes a stepwise sedimentation reactor 74 and a plate and frame filter press 8. The evaporation and crystallization unit includes an ultrafiltration membrane, a circulating pump 9, an evaporator crystallizer 10, and a centrifuge 20. The monitoring and control unit includes a control system, an anion and cation detector, a pH meter, a conductivity meter, a hardness meter, an alkalinity meter, and a tail gas detector.

[0022] The second conveyor belt 12 is an inclined conveyor belt. The first conveyor belt 12 moves in the feeding direction, and the second conveyor belt 12 moves in the discharging direction. The first conveyor belt 13 and the second conveyor belt 12 are heated in independent heating chambers. Separating the different heating chambers can prevent harmful molecules that escape during the drying of waste materials from entering the purified crystals and contaminating them.

[0023] The discharge port of the screw feeder 14 is located above the first conveyor belt 13. The feed rate of the screw feeder 14 can be monitored and adjusted in real time by the control system. The control system controls the motor speed of the screw feeder to control the speed of the screw blades. The speed of the screw blades controls the feeding speed, which standardizes and quantifies the feeding and improves the stability of the process.

[0024] A horizontal conveyor belt is installed below the discharge port of the jaw crusher 2. The microwave pyrolysis unit 3 and the cooler are sequentially arranged in the conveyor belt. The cone crusher 4 is located below the conveyor belt, and the feed port of the cone crusher 4 is in the same vertical direction as the end of the conveyor belt. In the first crushing, the dry salt enters the jaw crusher 2 and is crushed into small molecules, increasing the surface area of ​​the salt in contact with heat and improving the efficiency of microwave pyrolysis of organic matter.

[0025] A first inclined conveyor belt is installed below the discharge port of the cone crusher 4. A double-layer vibrator 5 is installed below the discharge port of the first inclined conveyor belt 41. A second inclined conveyor belt 42 is installed below the double-layer vibrator 5. An electromagnetic drum magnetic separator 6 is installed in the second inclined conveyor belt 42. The discharge position of the second inclined conveyor belt 42 is located in the inner cavity of the bidirectional air separator 7. The double-layer vibrator 5 screens out the fine particles of salt that have been pyrolyzed. Then, the fine particles of waste salt are magnetically separated, which can recover the magnetic materials mixed in during the generation, storage and transfer process.

[0026] The bidirectional air classifier 7 is a combination of vertical and horizontal air classifiers. A horizontal conveyor belt is installed within the bidirectional air classifier 7. A stepwise sedimentation reactor 74 is located below the outlet of the bidirectional air classifier 7. The outlet pipe of the plate and frame filter press 8 is connected to the circulating pump 9, and a filter device is installed at the connection point. The outlet pipe of the circulating pump 9 is connected to the evaporator crystallizer 10. The air classifier can separate fine salt particles, salt lumps, fly ash, carbon black, and other large impurities. Fly ash, carbon black, and other large impurities are treated as non-removable. The precipitate in the stepwise sedimentation reactor 74 is fed into the plate and frame filter press 8 for stepwise cake pressing, recovering heavy metals and removing calcium and magnesium ions. The resulting filtrate first passes through a filtration system and then enters the evaporator crystallizer 10 via a circulating pump. The solid shell in the solution is retained by the filtration system and treated as filter residue for harmless disposal.

[0027] The crystallization tank of the evaporator crystallizer 10 is connected to the centrifuge 20, and a second conveyor belt 13 is set below the discharge port of the centrifuge 20. The centrifuge can remove the water from the crystals and then enter the pre-drying equipment through the second conveyor belt 13 for drying of the finished product. The double dehydration process arrangement reduces the phenomenon of crystals sticking together in the heating chamber of the dryer due to excessive moisture.

[0028] The monitoring device is electrically connected to the control system, which monitors the concentration of anions and pH value in the solution in real time during the production process, determines the endpoint of crystallization of various salts, helps operators respond quickly, and ensures the safety and efficiency of the production process.

[0029] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this application and are not intended to limit it. Although this application has been described in detail with reference to the embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solutions of this application without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of this application.

Claims

1. An environmentally friendly solid salt recovery device for waste pyrolysis, characterized in that: The pre-drying unit (1), organic matter crushing and pyrolysis unit, sieving unit, magnetic separation unit, air separation unit, sedimentation and de-gravity removal unit, evaporation and crystallization unit, online monitoring unit, tail gas treatment unit, and control unit are connected in sequence. The drying unit includes a screw feeder (14), a heating, drying and condensing device (11), a dual-channel transport track, and a humidity feedback system. The organic matter crushing and pyrolysis unit includes a jaw crusher (2), a microwave pyrolysis source (3), a cooler and a cone crusher (4). The sieving unit includes a double-layer vibrator (5), an electromagnetic drum magnetic separator (6) and a bidirectional air separator (7). The sedimentation and de-gravity removal unit includes a step-by-step sedimentation reactor (74) and a plate and frame filter press (8). The evaporation and crystallization unit includes an ultrafiltration membrane, a circulating pump (9), an evaporator crystallizer (10) and a centrifuge (20). The online monitoring unit and control unit include a control system, an anion and cation detector, a pH meter, a conductivity meter, a hardness meter, an alkalinity meter and a tail gas detector.

2. The environmentally friendly solid salt recovery device for waste pyrolysis according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heating, drying and condensing device (11) has a first conveyor belt (12) and a second conveyor belt (13) arranged horizontally. The second conveyor belt is an inclined conveyor belt. The first conveyor belt (12) moves in the feeding direction and the second conveyor belt (13) moves in the discharging direction. The first conveyor belt (12) and the second conveyor belt (13) are heated in independent heating chambers.

3. The environmentally friendly solid salt recovery device for waste pyrolysis according to claim 2, characterized in that: The discharge port of the screw feeder (14) is located above the first conveyor belt (12), and the feed rate of the screw feeder (14) can be monitored and adjusted in real time by the control system.

4. The environmentally friendly solid salt recovery device for waste pyrolysis according to claim 1, characterized in that: A horizontal conveyor belt is provided below the discharge port of the jaw crusher (2). The microwave pyrolysis source (3) and the cooler are arranged in sequence in the conveyor belt. The cone crusher (4) is arranged below the conveyor belt, and the feed port of the cone crusher (4) is in the same vertical direction as the end of the conveyor belt.

5. The environmentally friendly solid salt recovery device for waste pyrolysis according to claim 4, characterized in that: The cone crusher (4) is provided with a first inclined conveyor belt below the discharge port, and a double-layer vibrator (5) is provided below the discharge of the first inclined conveyor belt (41), and a second inclined conveyor belt (42) is provided below the double-layer vibrator (5).

6. The environmentally friendly solid salt recovery device for waste pyrolysis according to claim 5, characterized in that: The second inclined conveyor belt (42) is equipped with an electromagnetic drum magnetic separator (6), and the discharge position of the second inclined conveyor belt (42) is located in the inner cavity of the bidirectional air separator (7).

7. The environmentally friendly solid salt recovery device for waste pyrolysis according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bidirectional air classifier (7) is a vertical air classifier and a horizontal air classifier. A horizontal conveyor belt is provided in the bidirectional air classifier (7), and a step-by-step sedimentation reactor (74) is provided below the discharge port of the bidirectional air classifier (7).

8. The environmentally friendly solid salt recovery device for waste pyrolysis according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outlet pipe of the plate and frame filter press (8) is connected to the circulating pump (9), and a filter device is provided at the connection. The outlet pipe of the circulating pump (9) is connected to the evaporator crystallizer (10).

9. The environmentally friendly solid salt recovery device for waste pyrolysis according to claim 8, characterized in that: The crystallization tank of the evaporator crystallizer (10) is connected to the centrifuge (20), and a second conveyor belt (13) is provided below the discharge port of the centrifuge (20).

10. The environmentally friendly solid salt recovery device for waste pyrolysis according to claim 1, characterized in that: The online monitoring unit is electrically connected to the control unit.

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