A solid turbine blade casting straightening tool

Abstract

This utility model belongs to the technical field of turbine blade manufacturing equipment, specifically disclosing a solid turbine blade casting straightening fixture, including a chuck and a tie rod. The chuck is detachably installed on the blade to be straightened, and multiple chucks are provided, spaced apart along the length direction of the same blade. Each chuck is detachably mounted with a tie rod, and each tie rod can be driven to swing around a set axis, so that the chuck swings accordingly and applies a torsional force to the blade to be straightened; or, each tie rod can be locked and moved along its own axis, so that the chuck moves accordingly and applies a push-pull force to the blade to be straightened. This utility model, through the cooperation of multiple detachable chucks and swingable, push-pull tie rods, can apply precise torsional or push-pull forces to the blade for straightening. At the same time, the limit block realizes the synchronous control of multiple tie rods, which has the advantages of accurately correcting blade deformation, protecting the blade surface, and improving straightening efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the technical field of turbine blade manufacturing equipment, and in particular relates to a shaping tooling for solid turbine blade castings. Background Technology

[0002] Investment casting is an important process in the manufacture of turbine blades for aero-engines, but solid turbine blade castings produced by this process generally suffer from deformation problems. Due to the complex spatial curved surface structure of turbine blades, the cooling rates of different regions during solidification vary significantly, leading to uneven shrinkage stress within the casting. This uneven stress distribution often causes plastic deformations such as bending and torsion in the blade casting after demolding, severely affecting the blade's profile accuracy and aerodynamic performance.

[0003] The anti-deformation design methods used in existing technologies have significant limitations. Because numerous and random factors influence deformation during investment casting, including wax pattern deformation, shell expansion, and solidification sequence, the pre-designed anti-deformation amount often fails to accurately compensate for the actual deformation. This is especially true for thick-section castings such as solid turbine blades, where solidification shrinkage behavior is even more complex, making the compensation effect of anti-deformation design very limited.

[0004] Another technical solution involving adding ribs or stiffeners also has significant drawbacks. The complex curved surface structure of turbine blades, designed to meet aerodynamic requirements, significantly increases the difficulty of subsequent machining when ribs are added. More seriously, the solidification shrinkage of the ribs themselves may generate additional tensile stress on the thin-walled blade body, exacerbating the blade's torsional deformation. Furthermore, the machining marks left after removing the ribs may become stress concentration points, affecting the blade's high-temperature fatigue performance.

[0005] To address the aforementioned issues, existing technologies urgently need improvement. Utility Model Content

[0006] The purpose of this utility model is to provide a tooling for straightening solid turbine blade castings, which has the advantages of accurately correcting blade deformation, protecting the blade surface, and improving straightening efficiency.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution of this utility model is as follows: a solid turbine blade casting straightening fixture, comprising a chuck and a pull rod. The chuck is detachably mounted on the blade to be straightened. Multiple chucks are provided, and the multiple chucks are spaced apart along the length direction of the same blade to be straightened. Each chuck is detachably mounted with a pull rod, and each pull rod can be driven to swing around a set axis so that the chuck swings accordingly and applies a torsional force to the blade to be straightened; or, each pull rod can be locked and moved along its own axis so that the chuck moves accordingly and applies a push-pull force to the blade to be straightened.

[0008] Furthermore, it also includes a limiting block, which has multiple limiting holes corresponding to the number of pull rods. The multiple pull rods are inserted into the limiting holes one by one, and the limiting block limits the multiple pull rods synchronously through the limiting holes.

[0009] Furthermore, the chuck includes a first clamping block, a second clamping block, and a locking member. The first clamping block and the second clamping block are detachably connected by the locking member. When connected, the first clamping block and the second clamping block clamp the blade to be shaped.

[0010] Furthermore, the first clamping block is provided with a profile I, and the second clamping block is provided with a profile II; when the first clamping block and the second clamping block are connected, profile I and profile II close together to form a shaping cavity that conforms to the surface of the blade to be shaped.

[0011] Furthermore, a flexible protective layer is provided on the surface of the calibration cavity.

[0012] Furthermore, it also includes limiting components. The limiting hole is a through hole that passes through the limiting block. The pull rod is inserted into the limiting hole. Each pull rod is provided with at least two limiting components. The two limiting components are detachably installed on the pull rod and located on both sides of the limiting hole in the axial direction. The two limiting components limit the pull rod in the axial direction to the limiting hole corresponding to the limiting block.

[0013] Furthermore, the pull rod is installed on the first clamping block and / or the second clamping block, the pull rods corresponding to multiple first clamping blocks are connected to the same limiting block, and the pull rods corresponding to multiple second clamping blocks are connected to another limiting block.

[0014] The working principle of this technical solution is as follows: multiple clamps are simultaneously held on the blade to be shaped, and a torsional force is applied to the blade by swinging the pull rod, or a push-pull force is applied to the pull rod by pushing and pulling, thereby effectively correcting the abnormal bending or twisting of the blade. At the same time, by setting a limiting component to limit the multiple pull rods synchronously, the swing angle of the pull rods is kept constant, further ensuring the accuracy and efficiency of blade shaping.

[0015] The beneficial effects of this technical solution are as follows:

[0016] This utility model discloses a solid turbine blade casting straightening fixture. Through the cooperation of multiple detachable clamps and swingable and push-pull rods, it can apply precise torsional or push-pull forces to straighten the blade. At the same time, the limit block realizes the synchronous control of multiple rods. It has the advantages of accurately correcting blade deformation, protecting the blade surface, and improving straightening efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a solid turbine blade casting straightening fixture according to the present invention;

[0018] Figure 2This is a front view of a solid turbine blade casting straightening fixture according to the present invention;

[0019] Figure 3 This is a front view of the chuck of this utility model;

[0020] Figure 4 This is a top view of the chuck of this utility model;

[0021] Figure 5 This is an exploded view of the chuck structure of this utility model;

[0022] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the limiting block of this utility model;

[0023] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the blade bending and straightening process in an embodiment of this utility model.

[0024] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of blade torsion correction in an embodiment of this utility model. Detailed Implementation

[0025] The following detailed description illustrates the specific implementation method:

[0026] The reference numerals in the accompanying drawings include: 1. Clamp, 2. Pull rod, 3. Limiting block, 4. Limiting element, 5. Blade, 6. First clamping block, 7. Second clamping block, 8. Shaping cavity, 9. Profile I, 10. Profile II, 11. Limiting hole.

[0027] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0028] The basic implementation examples are as follows: Figure 1-6As shown: A solid turbine blade casting straightening fixture includes a chuck 1 and a pull rod 2. The chuck 1 is detachably mounted on the blade 5 to be straightened. Multiple chucks 1 are provided, spaced apart along the length of the same blade 5. Each chuck 1 is detachably mounted with a pull rod 2. Each pull rod 2 can be driven to swing around a set axis, so that the chuck 1 swings accordingly and applies a torsional force to the blade 5 to be straightened; or, each pull rod 2 can be locked and moved along its own axis, so that the chuck 1 moves accordingly and applies a push-pull force to the blade 5 to be straightened. Specifically, the chuck 1 can adopt a split structure, for example, it can be composed of two split clamping blocks connected by bolts. The inner side of the clamping blocks can be provided with a profile matching the contour of the blade 5. The pull rod 2 can be a metal rod, one end of which is connected to the chuck 1 by a thread or pin, and the other end can be connected to a drive device. The drive method can be a manual wrench, a hydraulic cylinder, or a motor-driven gear mechanism, etc. The spacing between the multiple clamps 1 can be adjusted according to the length and deformation degree of the blade 5, with equidistant distribution being the preferred option. The setting axis is usually chosen to be parallel to or at a specific angle to the axis of the blade 5. In this embodiment, the setting axis is the central axis of the blade 5, that is, the axis extending along the length direction. By cooperating with the tie rods 2 through the multi-point distributed clamps 1, precise and controllable torsional and push-pull forces can be applied to different parts of the blade 5. Compared with the traditional anti-deformation design, the correction force and direction can be dynamically adjusted according to the actual deformation situation; compared with the method of adding tie rods, the problem of subsequent polishing and repair is avoided. In specific implementation, by adjusting the swing angle and force of each tie rod 2, the complex torsional deformation of the blade 5 generated during the casting process can be effectively corrected, or by pushing and pulling the axial position of each tie rod 2, the bending deformation of the blade 5 generated during the casting process can be effectively corrected, which is especially suitable for solid turbine blades 5 with irregular curved surfaces.

[0029] In this embodiment, a limiting block 3 is also included. The limiting block 3 has multiple limiting holes 11 corresponding to the number of pull rods 2. Each pull rod 2 is inserted into a corresponding limiting hole 11, and the limiting block 3 synchronously limits the multiple pull rods 2 through the limiting holes 11. By setting the limiting block 3 with limiting holes 11, synchronous constraint on the multiple pull rods 2 is achieved, ensuring that the pull rods 2 can be stably pushed and pulled during the bending correction of the blade 5. Simultaneously, after the multiple pull rods are synchronously limited to the limiting block 3, a continuous corrective effect can be achieved on the torsional deformation of the blade 5. Since the limiting holes 11 of the limiting block 3 are fixed, and the opening position of the limiting holes 11 needs to be designed based on a qualified blade 5 that has not undergone torsion, if the blade 5 has torsional deformation after the pull rods 2 are inserted into the corresponding limiting holes 11, it will be continuously subjected to torsional force, thereby producing a corrective effect. Compared with the prior art, this solution has a simple and reliable structure, achieves multi-point synchronous control through mechanical limiting, and reduces equipment cost and maintenance difficulty.

[0030] In this embodiment, the chuck 1 includes a first clamping block 6, a second clamping block 7, and a locking member. The first clamping block 6 and the second clamping block 7 are detachably connected by the locking member, and in the connected state, the first clamping block 6 and the second clamping block 7 clamp the blade 5 to be calibrated. Specifically, the chuck 1 is designed as a split structure, consisting of the first clamping block 6 and the second clamping block 7. After the first clamping block 6 and the second clamping block 7 clamp the blade 5, they are connected and locked by the locking member to form a reliable connection. The locking member can be a bolt, a snap-fit, or a quick-clamping mechanism, etc. As a preferred embodiment, the contact surfaces of the first clamping block 6 and the second clamping block 7 can be designed as mutually cooperating inclined surfaces to enhance clamping stability. The detachable split clamping block design can flexibly adapt to the calibration requirements of blades 5 of different sizes and shapes. Compared with the integral chuck 1, the split structure is easier to install and disassemble, and the adjustable design of the locking member allows for precise control of the clamping force. Specifically, when the blade 5 needs to be shaped, simply place the first clamping block 6 and the second clamping block 7 on both sides of the blade 5 and tighten them with the locking mechanism to form a stable clamp; after the shaping is completed, the locking mechanism can be released for quick disassembly. This structure not only improves the ease of operation but also avoids the problem of secondary deformation of the blade 5 caused by uneven clamping force.

[0031] In this embodiment, the first clamping block 6 is provided with a profile I 9, and the second clamping block 7 is provided with a profile II 10. When the first clamping block 6 and the second clamping block 7 are connected, profile I 9 and profile II 10 close together to form a shaping cavity 8 that conforms to the surface of the blade 5 to be shaped. Specifically, the shapes of profile I 9 and profile II 10 are designed according to the surface contour of the blade 5 to be shaped, thereby ensuring that the shaping cavity 8 can fit tightly against the surface of the blade 5. When the first clamping block 6 and the second clamping block 7 are engaged, profile I 9 and profile II 10 together form a cavity conforming to the surface of the corresponding clamping position of the blade 5, namely the shaping cavity 8. As a preferred embodiment, profile I 9 and profile II 10 can be CNC machined to ensure the accuracy of the profile. Furthermore, the surfaces of profile I 9 and profile II 10 can be polished to reduce friction with the surface of the blade 5. The locking element can be a bolt or a quick-clamping mechanism to achieve quick assembly and disassembly of the first clamping block 6 and the second clamping block 7. By setting mutually matching profiles I9 and II10, the surface shape of the blade 5 to be calibrated can be precisely matched, thereby applying force evenly during the calibration process and avoiding damage to the blade 5 due to localized stress concentration. Compared with existing technologies, this solution solves the problem of poor calibration effect caused by insufficient contact between traditional calibration fixtures and the surface of the blade 5, while improving the efficiency and safety of calibration operations.

[0032] In this embodiment, a flexible protective layer is provided on the surface of the forming cavity 8. The flexible protective layer can be made of elastic materials such as silicone rubber, polyurethane, or nitrile rubber, with a thickness controlled within the range of 0.5-3mm. In specific implementation, the protective layer can be fixed to the inner surface of the forming cavity 8 by bonding or hot pressing. As a preferred embodiment, the protective layer can be designed as a split structure, respectively attached to the inner walls of profile I 9 and profile II 10, forming a complete cover when the clamping blocks are closed. Furthermore, the surface of the protective layer can be provided with anti-slip texture to enhance clamping stability. This technical solution effectively solves the problem of mechanical damage to the surface of the blade 5 during the forming process by providing a flexible protective layer on the surface of the forming cavity 8. When the clamping blocks apply torsional force to the blade 5, the protective layer can buffer local stress and avoid surface scratches caused by direct contact between the metal clamping blocks and the blade 5. At the same time, the deformation characteristics of the flexible material help to evenly distribute the forming pressure and prevent secondary deformation caused by stress concentration in the thin-walled area of ​​the blade 5. Compared to traditional rigid clamping methods, this design significantly improves the surface quality of castings while ensuring the accuracy of the shape correction, and reduces the amount of subsequent polishing work.

[0033] In this embodiment, a limiting member 4 is also included. The limiting hole 11 is a through hole that passes through the limiting block 3. The pull rod 2 is inserted into the limiting hole 11. Each pull rod 2 is provided with at least two limiting members 4. The two limiting members 4 are detachably installed on the pull rod 2 and located on both sides of the axial direction of the limiting hole 11. The two limiting members 4 limit the pull rod 2 in the axial direction within the corresponding limiting hole 11 of the limiting block 3. Specifically, in this embodiment, the limiting member 4 can adopt a detachable connection structure such as a threaded fastener, an elastic buckle, or a pin. In this embodiment, the limiting member 4 is preferably a nut. The pull rod 2 has a mating thread machined at the corresponding position. Axial limiting is achieved by tightening the nut. The double nut can not only play a limiting role but also an adjustment role. By tightening the nut, the pull rod 2 will move along its own axial direction under the action of the thread, thereby realizing the axial position adjustment of the pull rod 2. The position movement of the pull rod 2 also causes the corresponding position of the blade 5 to be subjected to different pushing and pulling forces, thereby realizing the correction of the bending deformation of the blade 5. This embodiment achieves precise axial positioning of the tie rod 2 through a bidirectional detachable limiting structure, effectively preventing axial movement of the tie rod 2 during the alignment process. Compared with the traditional welding fixing method, this structure allows for quick disassembly and adjustment, facilitating the adjustment of the clamping position according to the deformation of the blade 5. At the same time, the split limiting design avoids the rigid constraints of the overall frame structure, allowing each clamp 1 to independently adapt to the local deformation requirements of the blade 5's curved surface.

[0034] In this embodiment, the pull rod 2 is installed on the first clamping block 6 and / or the second clamping block 7. Multiple pull rods 2 corresponding to the first clamping blocks 6 are connected to the same limiting block 3, and multiple pull rods 2 corresponding to the second clamping blocks 7 are connected to another limiting block 3. Specifically, the pull rod 2 can be installed only on the first clamping block 6, only on the second clamping block 7, or simultaneously on both. As a preferred embodiment, the first clamping block 6 and the second clamping block 7 are respectively provided with connecting structures for forming a detachable connection with the pull rod 2. The connecting structure can be a threaded hole, a slot, or a pin hole, etc. The pull rods 2 of the first clamping block 6 are synchronously connected to the same limiting block 3, while the pull rods 2 of the second clamping block 7 are synchronously connected to another limiting block 3. By separately setting the limiting blocks 3, it is easier and more convenient to apply torsional and push-pull forces to the pull rod 2, thereby achieving more precise shaping of the blade 5; furthermore, the double-sided arrangement of the pull rod 2 also facilitates torsional shaping.

[0035] The specific implementation process is as follows:

[0036] like Figure 7 As shown, when blade 5 is defective due to bending, assuming that blade 5 is bent to the left in the middle of the blade body, first clamp the blade body with clamp 1, and then assemble pull rod 2 and limit block 3. There are three pull rods 2 along the length of blade 5. Pull rod 2 and limit block 3 are fixed in position with locking parts. At this time, blade 5 is in a state of no force. Then, according to the bending deformation and springback deformation, the locking parts in the middle are adjusted to apply a force to the right to pull rod 2 to complete the correction.

[0037] like Figure 8 As shown; when the blade 5 casting is defective due to torsion, assuming that the blade 5 is deformed clockwise, first clamp the blade body with chuck 1, then remove the corresponding tie rod 2 on chuck 1 for the part that does not need to be shaped, and then clamp chuck 1 with vise or other fixing device. According to the amount of torsional deformation and springback deformation, twist the two tie rods 2 at the blade tube position of blade 5 counterclockwise to complete the shaping.

[0038] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0039] The above descriptions are merely embodiments of this utility model. Commonly known structures and characteristics are not described in detail here. Those skilled in the art are aware of all common technical knowledge in the field prior to the application date or priority date, are knowledgeable of all existing technologies in that field, and possess the ability to apply conventional experimental methods prior to that date. Therefore, those skilled in the art can, based on the guidance provided in this application, improve and implement this solution in conjunction with their own capabilities. Typical known structures or methods should not be obstacles for those skilled in the art to implement this application. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make several modifications and improvements without departing from the structure of this utility model. These modifications and improvements should also be considered within the scope of protection of this utility model, and will not affect the effectiveness of the implementation of this utility model or the practicality of the patent. The scope of protection claimed in this application should be determined by the content of its claims, and the specific embodiments described in the specification can be used to interpret the content of the claims.

Claims

1. A solid turbine vane casting straightening tool characterized by: The device includes a chuck and a pull rod. The chuck is detachably mounted on the blade to be shaped. Multiple chucks are provided and spaced apart along the length of the same blade. Each chuck is detachably mounted with a pull rod. Each pull rod can be driven to swing around a set axis so that the chuck swings accordingly and applies a torsional force to the blade to be shaped. Alternatively, each pull rod can be locked and moved along its own axis so that the chuck moves accordingly and applies a push-pull force to the blade to be shaped.

2. The solid turbine vane casting straightening tool of claim 1, wherein: It also includes a limiting block, which has multiple limiting holes corresponding to the number of pull rods. The multiple pull rods are inserted into the limiting holes one by one, and the limiting block limits the multiple pull rods synchronously through the limiting holes.

3. A solid turbine vane casting straightening tool according to claim 2, wherein: The chuck includes a first clamping block, a second clamping block, and a locking member. The first clamping block and the second clamping block are detachably connected by the locking member. When connected, the first clamping block and the second clamping block clamp the blade to be shaped.

4. The solid turbine vane casting straightening tool of claim 3, wherein: The first clamping block is provided with a profile I, and the second clamping block is provided with a profile II; when the first clamping block and the second clamping block are connected, the profile I and the profile II close together to form a shaping cavity that conforms to the surface of the blade to be shaped.

5. A solid turbine vane casting straightening tooling according to claim 4, wherein: The surface of the correction cavity is covered with a flexible protective layer.

6. A solid turbine vane casting straightening tool according to claim 2, wherein: It also includes limiting components, wherein the limiting hole is a through hole provided in the limiting block, the pull rod is inserted into the limiting hole, and each pull rod is provided with at least two limiting components. The two limiting components are detachably installed on the pull rod and located on both sides of the limiting hole in the axial direction. The two limiting components limit the pull rod in the limiting hole corresponding to the limiting block in the axial direction.

7. The solid turbine vane casting straightening tool of claim 3, wherein: The pull rod is installed on the first clamping block and / or the second clamping block, and the pull rods corresponding to the first clamping blocks are connected to the same limiting block, and the pull rods corresponding to the second clamping blocks are connected to another limiting block.

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