A device for precisely adjusting forging pressure in forging parts

Abstract

This utility model relates to the field of forging technology, and more particularly to a precise forging pressure adjustment device. Its technical solution includes a slide block, a hydraulic cylinder, a base plate, a housing, and a stopper rod. The housing contains the base plate, and a support frame is mounted on the upper part of the base plate. A guide rail is positioned between the support frame and the base plate. The hydraulic cylinder is housed inside the support frame. A sealing ring is embedded in the lower end of the hydraulic cylinder, and a stopper rod is slidably mounted inside the sealing ring. A piston, slidably mounted inside the hydraulic cylinder, is mounted on the upper end of the stopper rod. Pressure sensors are mounted at both ends of the piston. A pressure plate is mounted on the lower end of the stopper rod. A PLC controller is mounted on the upper part of the base plate, and a displacement sensor is mounted inside the upper end of the guide rail. This utility model, through the coordinated operation of detection, control, and execution structures, solves the problems of excessive pressure potentially causing mold damage, excessive flash in the forging, or internal cracks, while insufficient pressure may result in the billet not filling the mold cavity or insufficient deformation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of forging technology, and in particular to a device for precisely adjusting forging pressure in forging. Background Technology

[0002] Forging is a processing method that uses external force to plastically deform a metal billet to obtain a forging with a specific shape, size, and mechanical properties. The metal material is selected according to the performance requirements of the forging, and common materials include steel, aluminum alloys, and copper alloys. The raw material is processed into a billet that meets the forging requirements by cutting. It is necessary to ensure that the weight and dimensional errors of the billet are within the allowable range, remove impurities such as oxide scale and oil stains from the surface of the billet, and perform flaw detection when necessary to ensure that the billet is free of internal defects.

[0003] After the billet is heated, it deforms in a mold with a specific cavity. The final shape is determined by the mold cavity, which is suitable for mass production of small and medium-sized forgings. The forging pressure is the direct driving force for the deformation of the billet. Excessive pressure may cause mold damage, excessive flash in the forging, or internal cracks. Insufficient pressure may cause the billet to not fill the mold cavity and insufficient deformation. To address these issues, we propose a forging pressure precision adjustment device. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to address the problems existing in the background technology by proposing a device for precise adjustment of forging pressure in forging of forging parts.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution: a precise forging pressure adjustment device for forging parts, comprising a slide block, a hydraulic cylinder, a base plate, a housing, and a piston rod. The housing contains a base plate, and a support frame is mounted on the upper end of the base plate. Symmetrically distributed guide rails are arranged between the support frame and the base plate. A hydraulic cylinder is housed inside the support frame. A sealing ring is embedded in the lower end of the hydraulic cylinder, and a piston is slidably mounted inside the sealing ring. A piston, slidably mounted inside the hydraulic cylinder, is mounted on the upper end of the piston. Pressure sensors are mounted at both ends of the piston. A pressure plate is mounted on the lower end of the piston rod. A PLC controller is mounted on the upper end of the base plate. An infrared sensor is mounted on the rear side of the upper end of the base plate. A displacement sensor is mounted inside the upper end of the guide rails.

[0006] Preferably, the outer wall of the hydraulic cylinder is connected to an oil inlet pipe 1, an oil inlet pipe 2, an oil outlet pipe 1, and an oil outlet pipe 2. A servo valve is installed inside each of the oil inlet pipes 1 and 2, and a relief valve is installed inside each of the oil outlet pipes 1 and 2. Hydraulic oil is supplied through the oil inlet pipes 1 and 2 from the lower and upper ends of the hydraulic cylinder, respectively, and is output through the upper and lower ends of the hydraulic cylinder, respectively.

[0007] Preferably, the lower inner wall of the housing is provided with a rearwardly inclined guide surface, and the upper end of the guide surface is provided with brackets located at the four corners of the base plate. Both the brackets and the base plate have mounting holes inside. A discharge trough is provided on the rear side of the lower end of the housing. The base plate is supported by the brackets and connected through the mounting holes, and the discharge trough discharges the forged iron oxide.

[0008] Preferably, the upper end of the base plate is provided with a mold groove, and a guide ring with a conical outer wall is sleeved on the outer wall of the mold groove, which is connected to the base plate. The mold groove is used to place the forging, and the guide ring is used for the iron oxide to slide outward.

[0009] Preferably, the PLC controller has a human-machine interface at its front end, and the outer wall of the stopper rod has symmetrically distributed sliders that are slidably installed inside the guide rail. The stopper rod slides inside the guide rail via the sliders, providing longitudinal sliding guidance to the pressure plate.

[0010] Preferably, a slide is provided on one side of the front end of the housing, and a movable block is slidably installed inside the slide. A connecting rod is provided at the front end of the movable block, and a mounting cover is provided at one end of the connecting rod. The movable block slides inside the slide, and drives the mounting cover to move laterally through the connecting rod.

[0011] Preferably, a fan is installed inside the mounting cover, and a rotating shaft is installed on the outer wall of the fan, which is rotatably mounted to the mounting cover via a damping bushing. The fan delivers airflow to blow iron oxide, and the damping force provided by the rotating shaft and the damping bushing facilitates the positioning of the fan after rotation, while simultaneously blowing iron oxide at different positions into the discharge trough.

[0012] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows: 1. The servo valve, pressure sensor, and PLC controller of this utility model form a closed-loop control system in the hydraulic pipeline. The infrared sensor detects the temperature of the forging, the pressure sensor detects the oil pressure input, and the displacement sensor detects the instantaneous impact stroke of the platen. Combined with the guiding accuracy of the slider and guide rail, the forging pressure adjustment deviation is minimized, avoiding mold damage caused by excessive pressure or incomplete cavity filling caused by insufficient pressure. The dimensional accuracy of the forging is improved. The box-type flow guide structure and the air mechanism are linked, improving the efficiency of iron oxide cleaning and eliminating impurities that wear the equipment. The overall linkage improves the forging qualification rate, increases production efficiency, extends the equipment maintenance cycle, and reduces overall costs. Attached Figure Description

[0013] Figure 1 This is a front-view three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a top-view three-dimensional structural diagram of the box body of this utility model; Figure 3 This is a front-view three-dimensional structural diagram of the slide block of this utility model; Figure 4 This is a side-view perspective three-dimensional structural diagram of the hydraulic cylinder of this utility model; Figure 5 This is a top-view three-dimensional structural diagram of the piston of this utility model.

[0014] Reference numerals: 1. Slide; 2. Guide rail; 3. Hydraulic cylinder; 4. PLC controller; 5. Human-machine interface; 6. Base plate; 7. Fan; 8. Housing; 9. Guide surface; 10. Discharge trough; 11. Bracket; 12. Slider; 13. Sealing ring; 14. Piston; 15. Plug rod; 16. Pressure sensor; 17. Pressure plate; 18. Guide ring; 19. Oil inlet pipe one; 20. Oil inlet pipe two; 21. Unloading valve; 22. Oil outlet pipe one; 23. Servo valve; 24. Oil outlet pipe two; 25. Support frame; 26. Mold groove; 27. Infrared sensor; 28. Moving block; 29. ​​Connecting rod; 30. Mounting cover; 31. Rotating shaft. Detailed Implementation

[0015] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0016] like Figures 1-5 As shown, the present invention proposes a precision forging pressure adjustment device for forging parts, including a slide block 1, a hydraulic cylinder 3, a base plate 6, a housing 8, and a stopper rod 15. The housing 8 is provided with the base plate 6, and a support frame 25 is provided on the upper end of the base plate 6. A guide rail 2 is symmetrically distributed between the support frame 25 and the base plate 6. The support frame 25 is provided with the hydraulic cylinder 3. A sealing ring 13 is embedded in the lower end of the hydraulic cylinder 3. A stopper rod 15 is slidably installed inside the sealing ring 13. A piston 14 is slidably installed inside the hydraulic cylinder 3 on the upper end of the stopper rod 15. Pressure sensors 16 are provided at both the upper and lower ends of the piston 14. A pressure plate 17 is provided at the lower end of the stopper rod 15. A PLC controller 4 is provided on the upper end of the base plate 6. An infrared sensor 27 is provided on the rear side of the upper end of the base plate 6. A displacement sensor is provided inside the upper end of the guide rail 2. The outer wall of the hydraulic cylinder 3 is connected to an oil inlet pipe 19, an oil inlet pipe 20, an oil outlet pipe 22, and an oil outlet pipe 24. Both the oil inlet pipe 19 and the oil inlet pipe 20 are equipped with servo valves 23, and both the oil outlet pipe 22 and the oil outlet pipe 24 are equipped with unloading valves 21. The lower inner wall of the box body 8 is provided with a rearward inclined guide surface 9, and the upper end of the guide surface 9 is provided with a bracket 11 located at the four corners of the bottom plate 6. The bracket 11 and the bottom plate 6 are both provided with mounting holes. The rear side of the lower end of the box body 8 is provided with a discharge trough 10. A mold groove 26 is provided at the upper end of the base plate 6, and a guide ring 18 connected to the base plate 6 and having a conical outer wall is sleeved on the outer wall of the mold groove 26; The PLC controller 4 has a human-machine interface 5 at the front end, and the outer wall of the stop rod 15 has symmetrically distributed sliders 12 that are slidably installed inside the guide rail 2. A slide block 1 is provided on one side of the front end of the housing 8. A movable block 28 is slidably installed inside the slide block 1. A connecting rod 29 is provided at the front end of the movable block 28. A mounting cover 30 is provided at one end of the connecting rod 29. A fan 7 is installed inside the mounting cover 30, and a rotating shaft 31 is installed on the outer wall of the fan 7 via a damping bushing and rotating with the mounting cover 30.

[0017] Based on the implementation steps of Embodiment 1: Oil inlet pipe 19 and oil inlet pipe 20 are respectively connected to the upper and lower chambers of the hydraulic cylinder 3, allowing independent control of the hydraulic oil input direction and flow rate. When oil inlet pipe 19 supplies oil and oil outlet pipe 24 returns oil, the piston rod 15 drives the pressure plate 17 downwards to achieve forging pressure. When oil inlet pipe 20 supplies oil and oil outlet pipe 22 returns oil, the piston rod 15 moves upwards to complete the reset. The servo valve 23 can steplessly adjust the flow rate according to the instructions of the PLC controller. Combined with the real-time feedback from the pressure sensor 16, it can... Pressure correction is completed within 50ms, and unloading valve 21 opens quickly after forging, with a response time of ≤30ms, reducing the residual pressure in cylinder 3 to below 0.5MPa, avoiding forging deformation caused by pressure retention. The dual oil circuit control design solves the problem of conflict between pressurization and reset actions in traditional single oil circuit devices, improving forging cycle efficiency. The coordinated work of servo valve 23 and unloading valve 21 can control the overshoot of pressure regulation within ±3%, which is far lower than the industry average of ±8%. The integrated pressure compensator in the oil circuit can offset the effect of oil temperature changes of 30~50℃ on oil viscosity, ensuring flow stability. The inlet and outlet pipes are made of 316 stainless steel with a wall thickness of 3mm, which is resistant to hydraulic oil corrosion and can withstand 16MPa high pressure. The valve core of servo valve 23 is made of 40CrNiMoA alloy steel with chrome plating and a hardness of HRC55. It is matched with a precision-ground valve sleeve with a clearance of 0.002mm, ensuring no leakage during adjustment. The spring of unloading valve 21 is made of 60Si2Mn spring steel, and the elastic coefficient fluctuation is ≤2% in an environment of -20~120℃, ensuring the consistency of unloading pressure. The guide surface 9 is designed with a 15° backward tilt to guide the iron oxide scale generated during forging to slide along the inclined surface and avoid accumulating around the mold groove 26. The bracket 11 not only supports the base plate 6, but its height difference also leaves a drop space between the guide surface 9 and the base plate 6, so that the iron oxide scale can fall into the discharge trough 10 through the gap between the base plate 6 and the box 8. The end of the discharge trough 10 is connected to a negative pressure collection device, which can suck away iron oxide debris in real time to prevent it from entering the gap between the guide rail 2 or the oil cylinder 3 and causing wear. Compared with the traditional flat structure, the inclined guide surface 9 improves the iron oxide cleaning efficiency and reduces the downtime caused by manual cleaning. The mounting holes of the bracket 11 and the base plate 6 adopt a waist-shaped hole design, which can compensate for the ±2mm error during installation and facilitate equipment leveling. The inner wall of the discharge trough 10 is coated with polytetrafluoroethylene, with a friction coefficient as low as 0.04, which prevents iron oxide from accumulating and clogging in the trough. The box body 8 is made of Q355B low alloy steel plate, which is subjected to aging treatment after welding to eliminate internal stress. Its deformation resistance is 1.5 times that of ordinary Q235 steel. The surface of the guide surface 9 is sprayed with a wear-resistant ceramic coating with a hardness of HV800. Its wear resistance is 3 times that of ordinary steel plate and can withstand long-term impact from iron oxide. The support 11 is made of QT450-10 ductile iron with a compressive strength of 450MPa. Its shock absorption effect is better than that of steel support 11, reducing vibration noise during forging. The inner wall of the die groove 26 is precisely machined according to the forging cavity to ensure the dimensional accuracy of the billet during deformation. A 5mm diameter vent hole is set at the bottom to discharge air inside the cavity during forging, avoiding bubble defects on the surface of the forging. The outer wall of the guide ring 18 is a 30° conical surface, which is installed concentrically with the die groove 26. It can guide the iron oxide overflowing from the edge of the die groove 26 to the outside, and at the same time, it constrains the edge of the billet when pressurized, reducing the thickness of the flash. The combined design of the die groove 26 and the guide ring 18 reduces the amount of flash removal in the forging and improves the material utilization rate. The setting of the vent hole increases the surface qualification rate of the forging from 88% to 99%, eliminating scrap caused by residual air. The die groove 26 is made of H13 hot work die steel, which is quenched and tempered, with a hardness of HRC48~52, and still maintains high wear resistance at a forging temperature of 800℃. The guide ring 18 is made of 4Cr5MoSiV1 alloy steel with nitriding treatment and a nitriding layer depth of 0.3mm, exhibiting excellent resistance to thermal fatigue. The connection between the mold groove 26 and the base plate 6 adopts an interference fit with an interference amount of 0.02mm, combined with high-temperature sealant to prevent iron oxide from seeping into the connection gap and causing loosening. The PLC controller has a built-in 32-bit processor with a processing speed of 100ns / instruction, which can simultaneously process 8 sensor signals such as pressure, displacement, and temperature, and run a fuzzy PID algorithm to achieve adaptive pressure adjustment. The human-machine interface 5 uses a 10.1-inch touch screen with a resolution of 1280×800, which displays the pressure curve in real time, sampling frequency of 100Hz, deformation amount, temperature and other parameters, supports manual and automatic mode switching, and can store 100 sets of process recipes, such as pressure parameters of forgings of different materials, which can be called with one click to start production. The gap between the slider 12 and the guide rail 2 is controlled at 0.01~0.03mm to ensure the straightness of the longitudinal movement of the stop rod 15 and avoid uneven force on the forging caused by the tilt of the pressure plate 17. The PLC's multi-parameter collaborative control solves the problem of insufficient deformation despite achieving the required pressure, which is a consequence of traditional single-parameter adjustment. This improves the dimensional accuracy of forgings. The curve playback function of the human-machine interface allows for tracing the forging process of each forging, facilitating process optimization. If abnormal pressure fluctuations are detected in a batch, the cause can be quickly located. The slider 12 adopts a self-lubricating structure with built-in solid lubricant, eliminating the need for regular lubrication and extending the maintenance cycle. The PLC controller housing is made of ABS engineering plastic with a flame retardant rating of UL94V and an IP65 protection rating, allowing for stable operation in environments ranging from -10°C to 60°C. The touchscreen surface is covered with tempered glass, providing excellent scratch resistance. The slider 12 is made of tin bronze ZCuSn10Pb1 with an oil content of 15%, and the guide rail 2 is quenched with 40Cr. It has a hardness of HRC58 and a low coefficient of friction. The moving block 28 is driven by a ball screw to slide in the slide block 1 with a positioning accuracy of ±0.1mm. It can drive the blower 7 to move along the width of the forging to achieve iron oxide cleaning at different positions. The power of the blower 7 can be adjusted by PLC. With the rotatable mounting cover 30, it can specifically blow away the corners of the mold groove 26, the gaps of the guide rail 2, and other areas where material is easy to accumulate. The damping bushing provides damping force to ensure that the blower 7 can stay stably at any angle and avoid positional displacement caused by forging vibration. Compared to the fixed fan 7, the mobile fan 7 offers improved cleaning coverage, completely eliminating blind spots in traditional manual cleaning. Its adjustable power design automatically matches the airflow based on the amount of iron oxide, such as maximum airflow during rough forging and minimum airflow during fine forging. The slide block 1 is sealed with a dust cover to prevent iron oxide from entering the screw drive mechanism, extending its sliding life. The slide block 1 and the moving block 28 are made of HT300 gray cast iron, offering excellent shock absorption and wear resistance. The guide rail 2 is scraped. The impeller of the fan 7 is made of 6061-T6 aluminum alloy, which is lightweight and high-strength, and is dynamically balanced. The damping bushing uses a composite structure of polyoxymethylene and stainless steel, ensuring a stable coefficient of friction.

[0018] The above specific embodiments are merely several preferred embodiments of this utility model. Based on the technical solution of this utility model and the relevant teachings of the above embodiments, those skilled in the art can make various alternative improvements and combinations to the above specific embodiments.

[0019] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that this invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that it can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of this invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered illustrative and non-limiting in all respects, and the scope of this invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description. Thus, it is intended that all variations falling within the meaning and scope of equivalents of the claims be included within this invention. No reference numerals in the claims should be construed as limiting the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A device for precisely adjusting forging pressure of a forging, comprising a sliding seat (1), an oil cylinder (3), a bottom plate (6), a box (8) and a plug rod (15), characterized in that: The housing (8) is equipped with a base plate (6) inside. A support frame (25) is provided on the upper end of the base plate (6). A guide rail (2) is symmetrically distributed between the support frame (25) and the base plate (6). A hydraulic cylinder (3) is provided inside the support frame (25). A sealing ring (13) is embedded in the lower end of the hydraulic cylinder (3). A piston rod (15) is slidably installed inside the sealing ring (13). A piston (14) is slidably installed inside the hydraulic cylinder (3) on the upper end of the piston rod (15). Pressure sensors (16) are provided at both the upper and lower ends of the piston (14). A pressure plate (17) is provided at the lower end of the piston rod (15). A PLC controller (4) is provided on the upper end of the base plate (6). An infrared sensor (27) is provided on the rear side of the upper end of the base plate (6). A displacement sensor is provided inside the upper end of the guide rail (2).

2. The device for precision adjustment of forging press force according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer wall of the oil cylinder (3) is connected to an oil inlet pipe 1 (19), an oil inlet pipe 2 (20), an oil outlet pipe 1 (22), and an oil outlet pipe 2 (24). A servo valve (23) is installed inside the oil inlet pipe 1 (19) and the oil inlet pipe 2 (20). An unloading valve (21) is installed inside the oil outlet pipe 1 (22) and the oil outlet pipe 2 (24).

3. The forging pressure precision adjustment device for forging parts according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower inner wall of the box (8) is provided with a rearward inclined guide surface (9), and the upper end of the guide surface (9) is provided with a bracket (11) located at the four corners of the bottom plate (6). The bracket (11) and the bottom plate (6) are both provided with mounting holes. The rear side of the lower end of the box (8) is provided with a discharge groove (10).

4. The forging pressure precision adjustment device for forging parts according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper end of the base plate (6) is provided with a mold groove (26), and the outer wall of the mold groove (26) is fitted with a guide ring (18) that is connected to the base plate (6) and has a conical outer wall.

5. The forging pressure precision adjustment device for forging parts according to claim 1, characterized in that: The PLC controller (4) has a human-machine interface (5) at its front end, and the outer wall of the piston rod (15) is provided with symmetrically distributed sliders (12) that are slidably installed inside the guide rail (2).

6. The forging pressure precision adjustment device for forging parts according to claim 1, characterized in that: A slide (1) is provided on one side of the front end of the box (8). A movable block (28) is slidably installed inside the slide (1). A connecting rod (29) is provided at the front end of the movable block (28). A mounting cover (30) is provided at one end of the connecting rod (29).

7. The forging pressure precision adjustment device for forging parts according to claim 6, characterized in that: The mounting cover (30) is equipped with a fan (7), and the outer wall of the fan (7) is equipped with a rotating shaft (31) that is rotatably mounted to the mounting cover (30) via a damping bushing.

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