Horizontal high speed hot forging machine ejector

Abstract

This utility model discloses a horizontal high-speed hot forging machine ejector, which includes: a base and a punch fixed together. The end face of the punch is a solid plane. An unperforated central water hole is provided at the axial position of the base and the punch. The punch is provided with multiple radial water hole structures, and multiple cooling water holes of different sizes are provided on the radial water hole structures. The cooling water holes are connected to the central water hole. This ejector overcomes the early failure of the die ejector caused by stress concentration, reduces the stress concentration phenomenon in the high-speed forging process, improves the cooling effect, and improves the quality and life of the die.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of automotive parts manufacturing technology, specifically a horizontal high-speed hot forging machine ejector. Background Technology

[0002] The horizontal multi-station hot forging machine boasts advantages such as integrated processes, stable quality, high automation, flexibility, and high production efficiency. This equipment is particularly suitable for mass production, with efficiency far exceeding other general-purpose equipment, achieving a production rate of 50-200 pieces per minute. It can improve material utilization, reduce machining workload, improve the microstructure of forgings, achieve a more rational distribution of metal flow lines, and enhance product strength and service life.

[0003] Horizontal multi-station hot forging machines typically have 3-4 forming stations. Die components can be divided into three main categories: feeding die components, general-purpose die components, and wear-prone dies. During high-speed hot forging, wear-prone dies must withstand the combined effects of high-speed, high-pressure impact, high temperature, and rapid cooling. If wear-prone dies are made with inappropriate materials, have an unreasonable structural design, or undergo improper heat treatment, they are prone to premature failure such as cracking.

[0004] The die ejector, assembled within the die cavity, is one of the most vulnerable types of molds. During operation, the die ejector pushes the workpiece out of the die cavity to the conveying position. In the forging process, the die components in contact with the high-temperature forging must be adequately cooled. Therefore, the die ejector is designed with a central hole structure with cooling channels to introduce cooling water flow, which is precisely sprayed through radial holes to the die cavity, where wear is more likely to occur due to contact with the high-temperature workpiece, thus providing sufficient cooling for the mold. Simultaneously, while ejecting the workpiece and cooling the die cavity, cooling water is also sprayed from the central hole and radial holes to cool the ejector itself.

[0005] Although both are equipped with powerful spray cooling, compared to high-speed forging machines for small-diameter products, high-speed hot forging machines for large-diameter products have higher forming forces, slower cycle times, and longer contact time between the die and the high-temperature workpiece, resulting in slightly poorer cooling effects. For example, the lifespan of the ejector die of a 30 high-speed forging machine for small-diameter products is generally over 50,000 pieces, even reaching 200,000 pieces, while the lifespan of the ejector die of large-diameter products, such as a 70 high-speed forging machine, is generally between 10,000 and 20,000 pieces, and sometimes even less than 10,000 pieces. Frequent die changes severely impact the efficiency of automated production. This necessitates improvements in die materials and structure to extend die lifespan.

[0006] Currently, mold materials mostly use hot forging die steel H13 and its improved version QDH, matrix high-speed steel QHZ, etc., and the heat treatment hardness is generally HRC48-52. Existing die ejectors are prone to stress concentration problems. For example, Chinese patent CN106001272A discloses a reverse hole pressing die for a waterproof cover, which includes an upper die assembly and a lower die assembly. The lower die assembly includes a base and a lower die fixing plate. The lower die fixing plate is provided with a movable positioning device for fixing the workpiece. The upper die assembly includes a die shank and an upper die fixing plate. A die, a punch, and a die ejector are fixed below the upper die fixing plate, and a driver is also provided. The die includes a tapered part with a conical cross-section. The end face of the tapered part has a die cavity, and the punch is set in the die cavity. The tapered part has a clamping ring at the opening of the die cavity. There is a corner between the inner wall and the side wall of the clamping ring. The die ejector abuts against the outer side of the tapered part. The driver controls the following actions: the die ejector pushes forward, the die contracts under the pressure of the die ejector, and the clamping ring clamps and fixes the hole edge of the workpiece; the punch presses down and punches the end of the hole edge into a folded edge. This application achieves the edge pressing of the reverse hole in the waterproof cover, and the entire process is automated, resulting in good forming effect. Although this technical solution overcomes the difficulty of pressing the reverse hole in the waterproof cover in the prior art, the problem of stress concentration in the die ejector during actual operation, which leads to a reduction in the service life of the structural assembly, cannot be ignored.

[0007] To address the aforementioned problems, another commonly used die ejector structure in the prior art is, for example... Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, the ejector of the die has a T-shaped structure with multiple radial holes. The small end face is a solid plane that directly contacts the workpiece, while the large end face, which contacts the die base, has a central water hole. Multiple small holes are evenly distributed circumferentially along the cylindrical structure containing the small end face. Because the radial holes have the same diameter, there is a serious stress concentration problem, such as... Figure 3 As shown, the diameter of the radial hole is more than three times the average stress on the end face, which causes transverse cracks to form at the radial hole, leading to mold cracking and upsetting. Alternatively, due to poor cooling, the ejector center may collapse and suffer severe thermal fatigue cracks, resulting in failure. Summary of the Invention

[0008] Purpose of the utility model: In order to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art, this utility model provides a horizontal high-speed hot forging machine ejector, which overcomes the early failure of the die ejector caused by stress concentration, reduces the stress concentration phenomenon in the high-speed forging process, improves the cooling effect, and improves the quality and life of the die.

[0009] Technical solution: To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a horizontal high-speed hot forging machine ejector, comprising: a base and a punch fixedly connected together, wherein the end face of the punch is a solid plane, and an unperforated central water hole is provided at the axial position of the base and the punch, and the punch is provided with a plurality of radial water hole structures, wherein the radial water hole structures are provided with a plurality of cooling water holes of different sizes, and the cooling water holes are connected to the central water hole.

[0010] As a further preferred embodiment of this invention, the radial water hole structure is arranged axially and uniformly on the surface of the punch.

[0011] As a further preferred embodiment of this invention, the angle between two adjacent radial water hole structures is 30° to 45°, which improves the cooling effect.

[0012] As a further preferred embodiment of this invention, the diameter of the cooling water hole at the middle position of the radial water hole structure is the largest, and the diameter of the cooling water holes on both sides of the middle position decreases sequentially. This structure can effectively reduce stress concentration.

[0013] As a further preferred embodiment of this invention, the maximum diameter of the cooling water holes on the same axis is φ3mm, and the minimum diameter is φ0.5mm~φ1.5mm. This structure can effectively reduce stress concentration.

[0014] As a further preferred embodiment of this utility model, the radial water hole structure has 3 to 7 cooling water holes, which are perpendicular to or inclined at 15° to 20° to the axis, forming a straight line from top to bottom, and distributed in the elliptical groove surface.

[0015] As a further preferred embodiment of this utility model, the radial water hole structure is an elliptical groove surface, with two circles tangent to each other to form an elliptical intersection line.

[0016] As a further preferred embodiment of this utility model, the groove depth of the groove surface is 0.5 mm to 1.5 mm, and the ratio of the distance from the top of the central water hole to the end face of the punch to the thickness of the punch wall is 1:1 to 1:1.5. This structure further reduces stress concentration.

[0017] Beneficial effects: Compared with the prior art, the horizontal high-speed hot forging machine ejector of this utility model has the following advantages:

[0018] (1) By adding radial water hole structures with different apertures, the stress concentration phenomenon during the high-speed forging process is reduced;

[0019] (2) By limiting the arrangement angle of the radial water hole structure, the quality of the mold is improved and the service life of the mold is increased;

[0020] (3) By adding a radial water hole structure, the cooling effect of the mold and high-temperature workpiece is improved, and the mold life is increased. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an ejector in the prior art;

[0022] Figure 2 This is a front view of an ejector in the prior art;

[0023] Figure 3 This describes the failure and damage modes of ejectors in existing technologies.

[0024] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model;

[0025] Figure 5 This is a partial cross-sectional view of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 6 A cross-sectional view showing the other settings angles of this cooling water hole. Detailed Implementation

[0027] The present invention will be further explained below with reference to specific embodiments.

[0028] like Figure 4 , Figure 5 As shown, the horizontal high-speed hot forging machine ejector of this utility model includes: a base 1, a punch 2, a central water hole 11, a radial water hole structure 21, and a cooling water hole 22.

[0029] The base 1 and the punch 2 are fixed together. The end face of the punch 2 is a solid plane. The central water hole 11 is located at the axial position of the base 1 and the punch 2 and is not inserted through it. The punch 2 is provided with multiple radial water hole structures 21. The radial water hole structures 21 are provided with multiple cooling water holes 22 of different sizes. The cooling water holes 22 are connected to the central water hole 11.

[0030] The radial water hole structure 21 is evenly arranged axially on the surface of the punch 2. The angle between two adjacent radial water hole structures 21 is 30°~45°. The cooling water hole 22 at the middle position of the radial water hole structure 21 has the largest diameter, and the diameter of the cooling water hole 22 at the middle position decreases sequentially to both sides.

[0031] The radial water hole structure 21 has 3 to 7 cooling water holes 22 on the same axis. The cooling water holes are perpendicular to the axis or inclined at 15° to 20°. The maximum diameter of the cooling water hole 22 is φ3mm, and the minimum diameter is φ0.5mm to φ1.5mm. The radial water hole structure 21 is an elliptical groove surface with a groove depth of 0.5mm to 1.5mm. The ratio of the distance from the top of the central water hole 11 to the end face of the punch 2 to the wall thickness of the punch 2 is 1:1 to 1:1.5. Example

[0032] Step 1: Select mold steel material of a certain specification according to the size requirements of the drawing. H13 and QHZ are preferred mold steel materials. Then, according to the heat treatment deformation, rough turn the outer circle and end face, and drill the inner hole. Next, the machining center drills φ2-3mm radial water holes and mills concave planes according to the drawing requirements.

[0033] Step 2: According to the drawing requirements, the mold is subjected to quenching and tempering heat treatment to achieve a hardness of HRc 46-52. After heat treatment, the two end faces and the outer circle are ground, and radial water holes of φ0.5mm-1.5mm are machined by electrical discharge machining. After machining, the inner hole and outer circle are polished with an air grinder to ensure that there are no burrs left. Finally, nitriding treatment is performed to increase the surface wear resistance.

[0034] Step 3: During high-speed forging, the die ejector and the die form an integral mold, generally participating in the forming of the 2nd and 3rd stations. After forming, the die ejector pushes the workpiece out of the die to the automatic conveying position. While the workpiece is gripped by the clamp and transferred to the next station, the ejector of this station returns to the forming position. During the forming, ejection and retraction process, the die ejector introduces water through the central water hole 11 and sprays it precisely from the cooling water hole 22 to the die cavity position that is prone to wear due to contact with the high-temperature workpiece, so as to fully cool the mold. While ejecting the workpiece and cooling the die cavity, cooling water is also sprayed from the central water hole 11 and the cooling water hole 22 to cool the ejector itself, completing one work cycle.

[0035] The above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical concept and features of this utility model, and are intended to enable those skilled in the art to understand the content of this utility model and implement it accordingly. They should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of this utility model. All equivalent changes or modifications made in accordance with the spirit and essence of this utility model should be included within the scope of protection of this utility model.

Claims

1. A horizontal high velocity hot swager ejector comprising: The base (1) and punch (2) are fixed together. The end face of the punch (2) is a solid plane. The base (1) and punch (2) are provided with an unperforated central water hole (11) at the axial position. The punch (2) is characterized by having multiple radial water hole structures (21) and multiple cooling water holes (22) of different sizes on the radial water hole structures (21). The cooling water holes (22) are connected to the central water hole (11).

2. A horizontal high speed hot header ejector according to claim 1, characterized in that: The radial water hole structure (21) is arranged axially and uniformly on the surface of the punch (2).

3. A horizontal high speed hot header ejector according to claim 2, characterized in that: The angle between two adjacent radial water hole structures (21) is 30°~45°.

4. A horizontal high speed hot header ejector according to claim 3, characterized in that: The diameter of the cooling water hole (22) at the middle position of the radial water hole structure (21) is the largest, and the diameter of the cooling water holes (22) at the middle position decreases sequentially to both sides of it.

5. A horizontal high velocity hot header ejector as defined in claim 4 wherein: The maximum diameter of the cooling water hole (22) on the same axis is φ3mm, and the minimum diameter of the cooling water hole (22) is φ0.5mm ~φ1.5mm.

6. A horizontal high velocity hot header ejector as defined in claim 1 wherein: The radial water hole structure (21) has 3 to 7 cooling water holes (22), and the cooling water holes (22) are perpendicular to the axis or inclined at 15° to 20°.

7. A horizontal high velocity hot header ejector as defined in claim 1 wherein: The radial water hole structure (21) is an elliptical groove surface.

8. A horizontal high velocity hot header ejector as defined in claim 7 wherein: The groove depth of the groove surface is 0.5mm~1.5mm.

9. A horizontal high velocity hot header ejector as defined in claim 1 wherein: The size of the central water hole (11) is φ12mm~φ16mm.

10. The horizontal high-speed hot forging mill ejector according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ratio of the distance between the top of the central water hole (11) and the end face of the punch (2) to the wall thickness of the punch (2) is 1:1 to 1:1.5.

Images