A device for machining keyways on long shafts

Abstract

This application relates to the field of long shaft machining technology, and in particular to a device for machining keyways on long shafts. The device includes a lathe with a chuck and a moving assembly. A fixture assembly is positioned above the moving assembly. The fixture assembly includes a fixed block, a mounting plate, a connecting plate, and a first sleeve. The sleeve is fixedly connected to the connecting plate, the connecting plate is fixedly connected to the mounting plate, and the mounting plate is fixedly connected to the fixed block. The fixed block is fixedly positioned on the upper end of the moving assembly. A moving support structure is positioned on one side of the lathe. The moving support structure includes a base plate, a support guide post, a support plate, and a second sleeve. The second sleeve is fixedly positioned on the upper surface of the support plate. The support plate is connected to the support guide post, and the support guide post is fixedly positioned on the upper surface of the base plate. Through the synergistic effect of the fixture assembly and the moving support structure, multi-point constraints are formed, overcoming the bending deformation and vibration caused by the weight and cutting force of the long shaft parts during machining, ensuring the stability of keyway machining, and guaranteeing machining accuracy.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of long shaft machining technology, and in particular to a device for machining keyways on long shafts. Background Technology

[0002] Keyway machining involves creating grooves within shafts or holes to match a key, which is then used to mount the key and transmit torque. The machining accuracy of the keyway directly affects the stability of power transmission and the operational safety of mechanical equipment. Keyways are widely used in components that require power transmission, such as motor shafts and gear shafts. The mainstream machining method for keyways is milling on a milling machine. However, milling is more suitable for mass production. For small batches of single-process shaft parts where only keyways are machined, it is overkill, consuming limited machining resources, reducing production efficiency, and increasing production costs. To address these issues, idle lathes in the workshop were modified to machine keyways on single or small batches of shafts.

[0003] Chinese utility model patent application number 201821267436.7—a lathe keyway milling device—comprises a machine body, a rotating shaft fixed to the upper part of one side wall of the machine body, a cutting tool coaxially fixed at the end of the rotating shaft, a guide rail provided on the lower part of the side wall of the machine body with the rotating shaft, a slider provided on the guide rail, and a machining fixture for fixing the workpiece provided on the slider. The machining fixture includes a connecting member and a supporting member. The supporting member is symmetrically arranged on the connecting member on both sides of the extension line of the rotating shaft axis. The bottom of the supporting member has a threaded part, which can be screwed onto the connecting member and the slider respectively. The top of the supporting member has a support ring for fixing the end of the workpiece. The supporting member described in this utility model can fix the connecting block on the slider, and the top of the supporting member can also fix the workpiece to be processed. The structure is simple, and the machining fixture can be installed on a lathe, expanding the function of the lathe and realizing the milling of shafts and other parts.

[0004] However, the aforementioned lathe keyway milling device is not suitable for machining long shaft parts (greater than 3 meters). The machining fixture in the aforementioned patent has poor stability when fixing long shafts for machining, especially when machining keyways at the ends of long shafts. The rear end of the long shaft that does not need to be machined lacks stable support, which will affect the machining accuracy of the keyway and thus increase the defect rate. Furthermore, long shaft parts are prone to bending deformation and vibration during machining due to their own weight and cutting force. Utility Model Content

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, this utility model provides a device for machining keyways on long shafts. The technical problem it solves is that existing lathe keyway milling devices are not suitable for long shaft parts. The technical solution adopted by this utility model to solve the above-mentioned technical problems is as follows:

[0006] A device for machining keyways on a long shaft, comprising:

[0007] A lathe, the lathe being provided with a chuck and a moving assembly, the moving assembly being disposed below the chuck;

[0008] A clamping assembly includes a fixing block, a mounting plate, a connecting plate, and a first sleeve. The sleeve is fixedly connected to the connecting plate, the connecting plate is fixedly connected to the mounting plate, and the mounting plate is fixedly connected to the fixing block. The fixing block is fixedly disposed on the upper end of the moving component in a fixed structure manner.

[0009] A movable support structure includes a base plate, a support guide column, a support plate, and a second sleeve. The second sleeve is fixedly mounted on the upper surface of the support plate. The support plate is connected to the support guide column, and the support guide column is fixedly mounted on the upper surface of the base plate.

[0010] Furthermore, a groove is provided on the outer end face of the mounting plate, and a first threaded hole is provided on the upper end face of the mounting plate. The first threaded hole is connected to the groove, and a first locking bolt is provided in the first threaded hole in a threaded engagement manner. The connecting plate is fixedly installed in the groove by the first locking bolt.

[0011] Furthermore, the first sleeve is provided with a locking rod, and an arc-shaped washer is fixedly provided on the lower end face of the locking rod, the arc-shaped washer being located inside the first sleeve.

[0012] Furthermore, a movable block is fixedly provided on the lower end face of the support plate. The movable block is slidably connected to the support guide column. A second threaded hole is provided on the two opposite end faces of the movable block. A second locking bolt is provided in the second threaded hole in a threaded engagement manner. The support plate is fixed to the support guide column by the second locking bolt.

[0013] Furthermore, a rubber pad is fixedly provided on the inner wall of the second sleeve.

[0014] Furthermore, the moving component includes a Y-axis moving plate and an X-axis moving plate, the X-axis moving plate being slidably disposed on the upper surface of the Y-axis moving plate, and the Y-axis moving plate being slidably connected to the lathe.

[0015] The beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows: By setting up a clamping assembly and a movable support structure, the clamping assembly locks and fixes the adjacent part of the long shaft to be processed area, and the movable support structure provides adjustable movable support for the non-processed overhanging part of the long shaft. The clamping assembly and the movable support structure work together to form multi-point constraints, effectively overcoming the bending deformation and vibration caused by the self-weight and cutting force of long shaft parts during processing, ensuring the stability of the long shaft during keyway processing, ensuring processing accuracy, and improving product qualification rate; moreover, the movable support structure can be moved at any time and is suitable for long shaft parts of different lengths, enhancing its practical value. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention.

[0017] Figure 2 This is a utility model Figure 1 Enlarged view at point A.

[0018] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a portion of the three-dimensional structure of this utility model (movable support structure).

[0019] In the picture:

[0020] 1. Lathe; 2. Chuck; 3. Moving assembly; 31. Y-axis moving plate; 32. X-axis moving plate; 4. Fixture assembly; 41. Fixing block; 42. Mounting plate; 43. Connecting plate; 44. First sleeve; 5. Moving support structure; 51. Base plate; 52. Support guide column; 53. Support plate; 54. Second sleeve; 6. Groove; 7. First threaded hole; 8. First locking bolt; 9. Locking rod; 10. Arc-shaped washer; 11. Moving block; 13. Second locking bolt; 14. Rubber pad; 15. Long shaft. Detailed Implementation

[0021] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this utility model clearer, the utility model will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and the following embodiments, so that the public can better understand the implementation method of this utility model. The specific implementation scheme of this utility model is as follows:

[0022] like Figure 1-2As shown, a keyway machining device for long shafts includes a lathe 1. The lathe 1 is equipped with a chuck 2 for mounting cutting tools. A movable assembly 3 is disposed below the chuck 2, and a clamping assembly 4 is disposed above the movable assembly 3. The clamping assembly 4 includes a fixing block 41, a mounting plate 42, a connecting plate 43, and a first sleeve 44. The sleeve is fixedly connected to the connecting plate 43, the connecting plate 43 is fixedly connected to the mounting plate 42, and the mounting plate 42 is fixedly connected to the fixing block 41. The fixing block 41 is fixedly disposed on the upper end of the movable assembly 3. A movable support structure 5 is disposed on one side of the lathe 1. The movable support structure 5 includes a base plate 51, a support guide post 52, a support plate 53, and a second sleeve 54. The second sleeve 54 is fixedly disposed. On the upper surface of the support plate 53, the support plate 53 is connected to the support guide post 52, which is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the base plate 51. By setting the clamping assembly 4 and the movable support structure 5, the clamping assembly 4 locks and fixes the adjacent part of the long shaft 15 to be processed, and the movable support structure 5 provides adjustable movable support for the non-processed overhanging part of the long shaft. The clamping assembly 4 and the movable support structure 5 work together to form multi-point constraints, effectively overcoming the bending deformation and vibration caused by the self-weight and cutting force of the long shaft parts during processing, ensuring the stability of the long shaft during the keyway processing, ensuring processing accuracy, and improving the product qualification rate. Moreover, the movable support structure 5 can be moved at any time and is suitable for long shaft parts of different lengths, enhancing its practical value.

[0023] like Figure 2 As shown, it should be noted that the outer end face of the mounting plate 42 is provided with a groove 6, and the upper end face of the mounting plate 42 is provided with a first threaded hole 7. The first threaded hole 7 is connected to the groove 6, and a first locking bolt 8 is provided in the first threaded hole 7 in a threaded engagement manner. The connecting plate 43 is fixedly installed in the groove 6 by the first locking bolt 8. The main purpose of this structure is to fix the connecting plate 43 and the first sleeve 44 on the mounting plate 42.

[0024] Furthermore, the first sleeve 44 is provided with a locking rod 9, and an arc-shaped washer 10 is fixedly provided on the lower end face of the locking rod 9. The arc-shaped washer 10 is located inside the first sleeve 44. This structure is mainly used to fix the long shaft inside the first sleeve 44. After the long shaft is placed inside the first sleeve 44, the direction of the long shaft is adjusted, the position of the keyway to be machined is aligned with the tool on the chuck 2, and then the locking rod 9 is turned. The locking rod 9 moves downward, which in turn drives the arc-shaped washer 10 to move downward until the locking rod 9 drives the arc-shaped washer 10 to press the long shaft against the first sleeve 44.

[0025] like Figure 3As shown, it should be noted that a movable block 11 is fixedly installed on the lower end face of the support plate 53. The movable block 11 is slidably connected to the support guide column 52. The two opposite end faces of the movable block 11 are provided with second threaded holes (not shown in the attached figure). A second locking bolt 13 is installed in the second threaded hole in a threaded engagement manner. The support plate 53 is fixed to the support guide column 52 by the second locking bolt 13. This structure is mainly used to adjust the support plate 53 according to the height of the lathe 1 and the fixture assembly 4. The height; when in use, first loosen the second locking bolt 13, and move the movable block 11 up or down along the support guide column 52. The movement of the movable block 11 will drive the support plate 53 to move until the long axis passes horizontally through the second sleeve 54 above the support plate 53 without interference. Then tighten the second locking bolt 13. At this time, the second locking bolt 13 abuts against the surface of the support guide column 52, fixing the movable block 11 on the support guide column 52. The support plate 53 is also fixed on the support guide column 52 at the same time as the movable block 11.

[0026] Furthermore, a rubber pad 14 is fixedly provided on the inner wall of the second sleeve 54; this structure is mainly designed to prevent the long shaft from colliding and rubbing against the inner wall of the second sleeve 54 during rotation, thus avoiding wear on the surface of the long shaft.

[0027] like Figure 1 As shown, it should be noted that the moving component 3 includes a Y-axis moving plate 31 and an X-axis moving plate 32. The X-axis moving plate 32 is slidably disposed on the upper end face of the Y-axis moving plate 31. The Y-axis moving plate 31 is slidably connected to the lathe 1. An operating lever for controlling the automatic feed of the X-axis moving plate 32 along the X-axis is provided on one side of the Y-axis moving plate 31. The Y-axis moving plate 31 is used to adjust the distance between the long axis and the tool of the chuck 2, and the X-axis moving plate 32 is used to drive the movement of the long axis during keyway machining.

[0028] It should be noted that there is a gap between the second sleeve 54 and the long shaft, and this structure facilitates the rotation of the long shaft.

[0029] The working principle and process of this utility model are as follows:

[0030] Pass the long shaft through the first sleeve 44 until the keyway of the long shaft is completely outside the first sleeve 44. Rotate the long shaft to align the position of the keyway to be machined with the tool on the chuck 2 (the tool has been pre-installed on the chuck 2). The outer surface of the long shaft makes point contact with the tip of the tool. Then tighten the locking rod 9. The locking rod 9 moves downward, which in turn moves the arc-shaped washer 10 downward until the inner arc surface of the arc-shaped washer 10 is in close contact with the outer surface of the long shaft and sufficient clamping force is applied, thereby firmly clamping and fixing the long shaft in the first sleeve 44. Adjust the height of the support plate 53 according to the position of the long shaft. Loosen the second locking bolt 13, move the movable block 11 up or down along the support guide post 52. The movement of the movable block 11 will drive the support plate 53 to move until the long shaft passes horizontally through the second sleeve 54 above the support plate 53 without interference. Then tighten the second locking bolt 13. At this time, the second locking bolt 13 abuts against the surface of the support guide post 52, fixing the movable block 11 on the support guide post 52. The support plate 53 is also fixed on the support guide post 52 at the same time as the movable block 11. Then pass the unmachined part of the long shaft through the second sleeve 54. Finally, the long shaft can be machined with a tool to make a keyway.

[0031] In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "front," "rear," "lower left," "upper right," "outer," "clockwise," and "counterclockwise," etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship, are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings and are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation on the scope of protection of this utility model. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. Although this utility model has been described according to a limited number of embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand from the above description that other embodiments can be conceived within the scope of this utility model described herein.

Claims

1. A device for machining keyways on a long shaft, characterized in that, include: A lathe (1), the lathe (1) being provided with a chuck (2) and a moving assembly (3), the moving assembly (3) being disposed below the chuck (2); The clamp assembly (4) includes a fixing block (41), a mounting plate (42), a connecting plate (43), and a first sleeve (44). The sleeve is fixedly connected to the connecting plate (43), the connecting plate (43) is fixedly connected to the mounting plate (42), the mounting plate (42) is fixedly connected to the fixing block (41), and the fixing block (41) is fixedly arranged on the upper end of the moving assembly (3) in a fixed structure manner. The movable support structure (5) includes a base plate (51), a support guide column (52), a support plate (53), and a second sleeve (54). The second sleeve (54) is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the support plate (53). The support plate (53) is connected to the support guide column (52), and the support guide column (52) is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the base plate (51).

2. The device for machining keyways on a long shaft according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mounting plate (42) has a groove (6) on its outer end face and a first threaded hole (7) on its upper end face. The first threaded hole (7) is connected to the groove (6). A first locking bolt (8) is provided in the first threaded hole (7) in a threaded engagement manner. The connecting plate (43) is fixedly installed in the groove (6) by the first locking bolt (8).

3. The device for machining keyways on a long shaft according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first sleeve (44) is provided with a locking rod (9), and an arc-shaped washer (10) is fixedly provided on the lower end face of the locking rod (9). The arc-shaped washer (10) is located inside the first sleeve (44).

4. The device for machining keyways on a long shaft according to claim 1, characterized in that: A movable block (11) is fixedly provided on the lower end face of the support plate (53). The movable block (11) is slidably connected to the support guide column (52). A second threaded hole is provided on the two opposite end faces of the movable block (11). A second locking bolt (13) is provided in the second threaded hole in a threaded engagement manner. The support plate (53) is fixed on the support guide column (52) by the second locking bolt (13).

5. The device for machining keyways on a long shaft according to claim 4, characterized in that: A rubber pad (14) is fixedly provided on the inner wall of the second sleeve (54).

6. The device for machining keyways on a long shaft according to claim 1, characterized in that: The moving component (3) includes a Y-axis moving plate (31) and an X-axis moving plate (32). The X-axis moving plate (32) is slidably disposed on the upper end face of the Y-axis moving plate (31). The Y-axis moving plate (31) is slidably connected to the lathe (1).

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