Welding device for precisely controlling weld penetration

Abstract

This invention discloses a welding device for precisely controlling weld penetration, comprising a frame and a support on one side for carrying the workpiece. The frame has an upper electrode and a lower electrode, which move at the same speed towards or away from each other. The upper and lower electrodes are electrically connected to a welding controller. The frame also includes a displacement sensor, a temperature sensor, and a pressure sensor. Cooling components for adjusting the temperature of the upper and lower electrodes are electrically connected to the temperature sensor. The main advantages of this invention are: the displacement sensor monitors the movement position of the upper electrode in real time, promptly determining the penetration depth; the pressure sensor monitors the pressure on the workpiece in real time during welding and feeds back the data; and the pressure applied to the workpiece is precisely adjusted by the opposing movement of the upper and lower electrodes, ensuring constant pressure during welding and improving the weld yield.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of welding technology, and more specifically, to a welding device for precisely controlling the weld penetration depth. Background Technology

[0002] Resistance spot welding is a resistance welding method in which the workpieces are assembled into a lap joint and pressed between two columnar electrodes. The resistance heat melts the base metal to form a weld point. It is mainly used for thin plate welding.

[0003] In resistance spot welding, electrode displacement refers to the displacement change of the upper and lower electrodes caused by thermal expansion displacement during the formation of the weld nugget. Its value is defined as one of the ideal parameters reflecting the quality of the weld nugget in resistance spot welding monitoring parameters. Therefore, how to accurately obtain the change in electrode displacement directly affects the evaluation of the quality of the weld nugget.

[0004] For example, patent announcement number CN 206848478 U discloses a magnesium alloy resistance spot welding electrode displacement monitoring device, including an upper electrode and a lower electrode. The upper electrode is connected to a cylinder fixed on the upper crossbeam of the spot welding machine frame via a signal reflector fixing block. The cylinder drives the upper electrode to move up and down. The lower electrode is fixedly connected to the lower crossbeam of the spot welding machine frame via a lower electrode fixing block. The signal reflector is elongated and horizontally connected to the signal reflector fixing block. A sensor fixing plate with the same structure as the signal reflector is horizontally connected to the lower electrode fixing block. A displacement sensor is mounted on the sensor fixing plate, and the signal reflector and the displacement sensor work together. However, in this device, although the signal reflector and displacement sensor work together to detect the distance between the upper and lower electrodes in real time, they do not consider the deformation of the welding clamp caused by the dynamic changes in electrode force during spot welding, thus causing measurement errors. In addition, this device cannot detect the welding quality in real time during the welding process, which seriously affects the yield rate. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the existing technology and provide a welding device for precisely controlling the weld penetration depth.

[0006] The objective of this utility model is achieved through the following technical solution: A welding apparatus for precisely controlling weld penetration depth includes a frame and a carrier mounted on one side thereon for supporting a workpiece. The frame has an upper electrode and a lower electrode positioned vertically at opposite ends of the carrier. The upper and lower electrodes always move at the same speed towards or away from each other. The upper and lower electrodes are electrically connected to a welding controller. The frame is equipped with a displacement sensor for monitoring the position of the upper electrode, a temperature sensor for monitoring the temperature of the upper electrode, and a pressure sensor for monitoring the pressure exerted on the upper electrode. Cooling components for adjusting the temperature of the upper and lower electrodes are provided, and the cooling components are electrically connected to the temperature sensors.

[0007] Preferably, the cooling assembly includes at least cooling channels formed on the upper and lower electrodes, with liquid inlets and outlets formed on the upper and lower electrodes, and the liquid inlets and outlets communicating with the cooling channels.

[0008] Preferably, a guide rail is fixed on the frame, and an upper guide block and a lower guide block adapted to the guide rail are provided on the guide rail. An upper assembly plate is fixed on the upper guide block, and an upper assembly block is fixed on the upper assembly plate. An upper electrode is mounted on the upper assembly block. A lower assembly plate is fixed on the lower guide block, and a lower assembly block is fixed on the lower assembly plate. The lower electrode is mounted on the lower assembly block.

[0009] Preferably, an upper electric cylinder and a lower electric cylinder are fixedly mounted on the frame, with the upper assembly block mounted on the output end of the upper electric cylinder and the lower assembly block mounted on the output end of the lower electric cylinder.

[0010] Preferably, a proportional valve is also fixed on the frame, and the proportional valve is connected to the upper electric cylinder and the lower electric cylinder.

[0011] Preferably, the upper assembly block has an assembly hole, and a temperature sensor is installed in the assembly hole and connected to the upper electrode.

[0012] Preferably, the pressure sensor is mounted on the upper assembly block, and its other end abuts against the output end of the upper electric cylinder.

[0013] Preferably, the displacement sensor is mounted on the upper assembly plate, and a sensing block is fixed on the frame.

[0014] Preferably, the output end of the upper electric cylinder is connected to the upper assembly block via a pressure holding cylinder.

[0015] The beneficial effects of this utility model are mainly reflected in: 1. The displacement sensor monitors the movement of the upper electrode in real time, promptly determining the weld depth. The pressure sensor monitors the pressure on the workpiece in real time during welding and feeds the data back. By moving the upper and lower electrodes in opposite directions, the pressure applied to the workpiece is precisely adjusted, ensuring constant pressure during welding and improving the weld yield. Furthermore, the device has a compact structure and reasonable layout, minimizing space occupation and possessing wide applicability.

[0016] 2. The temperature sensor can monitor the temperature of the upper electrode in real time and feed the data back. The cooling component can control the temperature of the upper and lower electrodes in a timely manner, reduce the growth rate of the weld nugget, reduce spatter during welding, extend the service life of the electrodes, and improve the welding yield.

[0017] 3. This device only requires one displacement sensor, one pressure sensor, and one temperature sensor to simultaneously detect the upper and lower electrodes, reducing the number of components required and significantly lowering costs.

[0018] 4. The proportional valve allows for precise control of the output positions of the upper and lower electric cylinders. In addition, the pressure holding cylinder can maintain the smooth operation of the device, preventing components from suddenly falling or shaking due to their own weight, thus maximizing the stability and reliability of movement and having a wide range of applicability. Attached Figure Description

[0019] The technical solution of this utility model will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings: Figure 1 : A perspective view of a preferred embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 : A cross-sectional view of a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in which the carrier is removed. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the specific embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings. However, these embodiments are not limited to the present invention, and any structural, methodological, or functional modifications made by those skilled in the art based on these embodiments are included within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0021] In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "joining" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model based on the specific circumstances.

[0022] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0023] like Figures 1 to 2 As shown, this utility model discloses a welding device for precisely controlling the weld penetration depth, including a frame 1 and a carrier 2 disposed on one side thereon for supporting a workpiece 100. In this application, the carrier 2 is provided with a receiving groove, the outer contour of which is adapted to the outer contour of the workpiece 100, and the workpiece 100 is composed of an upper half and a lower half.

[0024] The frame 1 is provided with an upper electrode 3 and a lower electrode 4 located at both ends of the carrier 2 and positioned vertically. The upper electrode 3 and the lower electrode 4 always move towards or away from each other at the same speed. The upper electrode 3 and the lower electrode 4 are electrically connected to the welding controller 5. Specifically, a guide rail 10 is fixed on the frame 1. An upper electric cylinder 14 is provided above the guide rail 10, and a lower electric cylinder 18 is provided below the guide rail 10. An upper guide block 11 and a lower guide block 15 adapted to the guide rail 10 are provided. An upper assembly plate 12 is fixed on the upper guide block 11, and an upper assembly block 13 is fixed on the upper assembly plate 12. One end of the upper assembly block 131 is connected to the output end of the upper electric cylinder 14 through a pressure holding cylinder 19, and the upper electrode 3 is mounted on the other end of the upper assembly block 13. A lower assembly plate 16 is fixedly mounted on the lower guide block 15, and a lower assembly block 17 is fixedly mounted on the lower assembly plate 16. One end of the lower assembly block 17 is connected to the output end of the lower electric cylinder 18, and the lower electrode 4 is mounted on the other end of the lower assembly block 17. A proportional valve 8 is also fixedly mounted on the frame 1, and the proportional valve 8 is connected to the upper electric cylinder 14 and the lower electric cylinder 18.

[0025] In this application, the proportional valve can precisely control the position of the output ends of the upper electric cylinder 14 and the lower electric cylinder 18. In addition, the pressure holding cylinder can also maintain the smooth operation of the device and prevent the components from suddenly falling or shaking due to their own weight, thereby maximizing the stability and reliability of movement and having a wide range of applicability.

[0026] The frame 1 is equipped with a displacement sensor 6 for monitoring the position of the upper electrode 3. Specifically, the displacement sensor 6 is mounted on the upper mounting plate 12, and a sensing block 61 is fixed on the frame 1. The displacement sensor can monitor the movement position of the upper electrode 3 in real time, promptly determine the melt depth position, and feed the data back. The proportional valve 8 controls the movement position of the upper electric cylinder 14 and the lower electric cylinder 18 to achieve precise movement and improve accuracy.

[0027] The frame 1 is equipped with a temperature sensor for monitoring the temperature of the upper electrode 3. The upper assembly block 13 has an assembly hole 9, in which the temperature sensor is installed and connected to the upper electrode 3. The temperature sensor can monitor the temperature of the upper electrode in real time and feed the data back. The cooling assembly then controls the temperatures of the upper and lower electrodes in a timely manner, reducing the growth rate of the weld nugget, minimizing spatter during welding, extending the electrode's lifespan, and improving the weld yield.

[0028] The frame 1 is equipped with a pressure sensor 7 for monitoring the pressure on the upper electrode 3. The pressure sensor 7 is mounted on the upper assembly block 13, and its other end abuts against the output end of the upper electric cylinder 14. The pressure sensor 7 can monitor the pressure on the workpiece 100 in real time during the welding process and feed the data back. By moving the upper and lower electrodes in opposite directions, the pressure applied to the workpiece 100 can be precisely adjusted to ensure constant pressure during the welding process and improve the welding yield.

[0029] The upper electrode 3 and the lower electrode 4 are provided with cooling components for adjusting their temperature, and the cooling components are electrically connected to the temperature sensor. Specifically, the cooling components include at least a cooling channel 31 formed on the upper electrode 3 and the lower electrode 4, and a liquid inlet 32 ​​and a liquid outlet 33 formed on the upper electrode 3 and the lower electrode 4, which are connected to the cooling channel 31.

[0030] In this application, the device has a pressing state, a welding state, and a temperature-adjusting state.

[0031] The upper electrode 3 and the lower electrode 4 move synchronously towards each other, and the displacement reading of the displacement sensor 6 gradually decreases until it returns to zero. At this time, the upper electrode 3 and the lower electrode 4 abut against the workpiece 100, and the device is in a pressing state. The upper electrode 3 and the lower electrode 4 continue to move synchronously towards each other, and the pressure reading of the pressure sensor 7 gradually increases until the pressure reading is within the pressure threshold range. At this time, the welding controller 5 energizes the upper electrode 3 and the lower electrode 4, so that the contact surface of the workpiece 100 generates resistance heat, and the device is in the welding state. When the temperature reading of the temperature sensor is higher than the temperature threshold range, the cooling component cools the upper electrode 3 and the lower electrode 4 until the temperature reading of the temperature sensor is within the temperature threshold range, at which point the device is in temperature adjustment mode.

[0032] The above design is ingenious. The device only needs to use a displacement sensor, a pressure sensor 7, and a temperature sensor to simultaneously detect the upper and lower electrodes, reducing the number of components and significantly lowering the cost.

[0033] It should be understood that although this specification describes embodiments, not every embodiment contains only one independent technical solution. This way of describing the specification is only for clarity. Those skilled in the art should regard the specification as a whole. The technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other embodiments that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

[0034] The detailed descriptions listed above are merely specific descriptions of feasible implementations of this utility model, and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this utility model. All equivalent implementations or modifications made without departing from the spirit of this utility model should be included within the scope of protection of this utility model.

Claims

1. A welding apparatus for precisely controlling weld penetration, comprising a frame (1) and a carrier (2) disposed on one side thereon for supporting a workpiece (100), characterized in that: The frame (1) is provided with an upper electrode (3) and a lower electrode (4) located at both ends of the carrier (2) and positioned vertically. The upper electrode (3) and the lower electrode (4) always move towards or away from each other at the same speed. The upper electrode (3) and the lower electrode (4) are electrically connected to the welding controller (5). The frame (1) is provided with a displacement sensor (6) for monitoring the position of the upper electrode (3), a temperature sensor for monitoring the temperature of the upper electrode (3), and a pressure sensor (7) for monitoring the pressure on the upper electrode (3). The upper electrode (3) and the lower electrode (4) are provided with cooling components for adjusting their temperature. The cooling components are electrically connected to the temperature sensor.

2. The welding device for precisely controlling weld penetration depth according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cooling assembly includes at least a cooling channel (31) formed on the upper electrode (3) and the lower electrode (4), and an inlet (32) and an outlet (33) are formed on the upper electrode (3) and the lower electrode (4), and the inlet (32) and the outlet (33) are connected to the cooling channel (31).

3. The welding device for precisely controlling weld penetration depth according to claim 1, characterized in that: The frame (1) is fixedly provided with a guide rail (10), and the guide rail (10) is provided with an upper guide block (11) and a lower guide block (15) adapted to it. The upper guide block (11) is fixedly provided with an upper mounting plate (12), the upper mounting plate (12) is fixedly provided with an upper mounting block (13), and the upper mounting block (13) is equipped with an upper electrode (3); the lower guide block (15) is fixedly provided with a lower mounting plate (16), the lower mounting plate (16) is fixedly provided with a lower mounting block (17), and the lower mounting block (17) is equipped with the lower electrode (4).

4. The welding device for precisely controlling weld penetration depth according to claim 3, characterized in that: The frame (1) is fixed with an upper electric cylinder (14) and a lower electric cylinder (18) that are positioned vertically. The upper assembly block (13) is mounted on the output end of the upper electric cylinder (14), and the lower assembly block (17) is mounted on the output end of the lower electric cylinder (18).

5. The welding device for precisely controlling weld penetration depth according to claim 4, characterized in that: A proportional valve (8) is also fixed on the frame (1), and the proportional valve (8) is connected to the upper electric cylinder (14) and the lower electric cylinder (18).

6. The welding device for precisely controlling weld penetration depth according to claim 4, characterized in that: The upper assembly block (13) has an assembly hole (9), and a temperature sensor is installed in the assembly hole. The temperature sensor is connected to the upper electrode (3).

7. The welding device for precisely controlling weld penetration depth according to claim 4, characterized in that: The pressure sensor (7) is mounted on the upper assembly block (13), and its other end abuts against the output end of the upper electric cylinder (14).

8. The welding device for precisely controlling weld penetration depth according to claim 4, characterized in that: The displacement sensor (6) is mounted on the upper assembly plate (12), and the sensing block (61) is fixed on the frame (1).

9. The welding device for precisely controlling weld penetration depth according to claim 4, characterized in that: The output end of the upper electric cylinder (14) is connected to the upper assembly block (13) through a pressure holding cylinder (19).

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