Clamping and fixing device for machining

Abstract

This application discloses a clamping and fixing device for machining, including a fixing plate, a second clamping arm along the central axis of the fixing plate, and first and third clamping arms symmetrically arranged on both sides. The first and third clamping arms each contain multiple fixing components connected by a first negative pressure component. Each fixing component includes a fixed support arm with an adjusting arm, which is slidably adjusted via a limiting groove and fixing bolts, and has a negative pressure suction cup at its end. The first negative pressure component includes a vacuum pump and a Y-shaped branch pipe, simultaneously evacuating the multiple suction cups, and is equipped with a filter valve to prevent impurities. The second clamping arm has multiple stabilizing components, including the fixed suction cup and the second negative pressure component, which, together with the first negative pressure component, form a three-dimensional clamping force. This device improves versatility through multi-dimensional adjustment, ensures machining stability through symmetrical negative pressure adsorption, and facilitates maintenance through modular design. It is suitable for machining cylindrical workpieces of different diameters.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application belongs to the field of clamping technology, and specifically relates to a clamping and fixing device for machining. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of machining, workpiece clamping and fixing is a core step in ensuring machining accuracy and improving production efficiency. This is especially true for cylindrical workpieces (such as shafts and cylindrical parts), whose curved surfaces can easily lead to unstable clamping and positioning deviations, placing higher demands on the stability and adaptability of clamping equipment. Currently, commonly used clamping equipment in the industry mainly includes traditional mechanical clamps, pneumatic clamping devices, and negative pressure adsorption equipment, but these still have the following significant shortcomings in practical applications: 1. Poor size adaptability and limited versatility. Traditional mechanical fixtures are mostly fixed structures, and their clamping range is usually designed for workpieces of a specific diameter. When machining cylindrical workpieces of different diameters, it is necessary to change the fixture or make complex mechanical adjustments (such as changing the jaws or adjusting the lead screw stroke), which is time-consuming.

[0003] 2. Uneven clamping force distribution leads to insufficient processing stability. Existing clamping equipment generally suffers from the problem of "single-point or unidirectional force application": mechanical clamps transmit clamping force through rigid contact. If there are slight unevennesses on the surface of the workpiece, local stress concentration is likely to occur, leading to workpiece deformation or "virtual clamping" (there is still slight displacement after clamping). Simple negative pressure adsorption equipment often uses a single suction cup or an asymmetrically distributed suction cup design. The adsorption force cannot be synchronously transferred to the workpiece surface. During processing such as cutting and drilling, the workpiece is prone to axial sliding or radial tilting due to uneven force, resulting in deviations in processing accuracy. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application provides a clamping and fixing device for machining, which achieves stable clamping of cylindrical workpieces through multi-point synergistic negative pressure adsorption technology, solving the problems of poor size adaptability and uneven clamping force distribution of traditional fixtures.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this application provides a clamping and fixing device for machining, including a fixing plate. A second clamping arm is fixedly disposed on the central axis of the fixing plate. A first clamping arm and a third clamping arm are respectively disposed on the fixing plate with the second clamping arm as the axis of symmetry. The first clamping arm and the third clamping arm each include a plurality of fixing components fixedly disposed on the fixing plate, and the plurality of fixing components are connected through a first negative pressure component. The fixing component includes a fixed support arm fixedly mounted on the fixed plate. An adjusting arm is mounted on the fixed support arm by a fixing bolt. A limiting groove is formed through one end of the adjusting arm near the fixed plate. The fixing bolt passes through the limiting groove. A connecting base is provided at the other end of the adjusting arm. A negative pressure suction cup is mounted on the connecting base by a bolt.

[0006] In one embodiment, the first negative pressure assembly includes a vacuum pump fixedly mounted on the fixed plate. The vacuum pump has a Y-shaped branch pipe at its suction end. The first output end of the Y-shaped branch pipe is connected to a filter valve. The filter valve is connected to a connecting valve port, which is sealed through the negative pressure suction cup.

[0007] In one embodiment, the second output end of the Y-shaped branch pipe is connected to the filter valve of the adjacent fixed component.

[0008] In one embodiment, the first clamping arm has the same structure as the third clamping arm.

[0009] In one embodiment, the second clamping arm is provided with a plurality of stabilizing components corresponding to the number of fixing components of the first clamping arm.

[0010] In one embodiment, the stabilizing component includes a fixed suction cup and a second negative pressure component. The fixed suction cup is fixedly disposed on the fixed plate, and the second negative pressure component is disposed on the fixed plate and connected to the fixed suction cup.

[0011] In one embodiment, the connection between the second negative pressure component and the fixed suction cup is the same as the connection between the first negative pressure component and the fixed component.

[0012] In one embodiment, a connector and a control box are also provided on the fixing plate.

[0013] In one embodiment, the control box is electrically connected to the first negative pressure component and the second negative pressure component, respectively.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this application are: 1. Multi-dimensional adjustment design significantly improves equipment versatility: The fixed component, through the sliding fit structure of the adjusting arm and the limiting slide groove (the adjusting arm can slide along the limiting slide groove and be locked in place by the fixing bolt), can flexibly adjust the clamping position of the negative pressure suction cup according to the diameter of the cylindrical workpiece, so as to achieve stable clamping of workpieces with different cylindrical diameters. This effectively breaks through the limitation of "single size adaptation" of traditional clamping equipment and greatly improves the adaptability of the equipment to diverse processing needs.

[0015] 2. Combining negative pressure adsorption with symmetrical clamping ensures processing stability: The negative pressure system performs synergistic adsorption: The first negative pressure component uses a vacuum pump and a Y-shaped branch pipe structure to simultaneously evacuate multiple negative pressure suction cups, ensuring that the adsorption force of each suction cup is uniform; the second negative pressure component works with the fixed suction cup to form auxiliary adsorption on the top of the workpiece, forming a "three-dimensional clamping force" with the lateral adsorption of the first and third clamping arms, preventing the workpiece from sliding or tilting due to uneven force during cutting, drilling and other processing.

[0016] Symmetrical structure for balanced force distribution: The first and third clamping arms are distributed with the second clamping arm as the axis of symmetry, applying symmetrical pressure to both sides of the workpiece. Combined with the multi-point stabilizing components of the second clamping arm, a three-dimensional fixing mode of "center positioning + double-sided clamping + top assistance" is formed, which significantly improves the clamping stability compared with traditional mechanical fixtures. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0018] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the overall clamping and fixing device for machining provided in this application; Figure 2 Enlarged view of point A of the clamping and fixing device for machining provided in this application; Figure 3 This is a front view schematic diagram of the clamping and fixing device for machining provided in this application.

[0019] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: 1. Fixing plate; 2. Connecting seat; 3. Control box; 4. First clamping arm; 5. Second clamping arm; 7. Third clamping arm; 8. Fixing assembly; 81. Fixing support arm; 82. Adjusting arm; 83. Limiting slide groove; 84. Fixing bolt; 85. Negative pressure suction cup; 9. First negative pressure assembly; 91. Vacuum pump; 92. Filter valve; 93. Connecting valve port; 94. Y-shaped branch pipe. Detailed Implementation

[0020] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application are described clearly and completely below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are also within the scope of protection of this application.

[0021] See Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the clamping and fixing device for machining provided in this application includes a fixing plate 1. A second clamping arm 5 is fixedly arranged on the central axis of the fixing plate 1. A first clamping arm 4 and a third clamping arm 7 are respectively arranged on the fixing plate 1 with the second clamping arm 5 as the axis of symmetry. The first clamping arm 4 and the third clamping arm 7 each include a plurality of fixing components 8 fixedly arranged on the fixing plate 1, and the plurality of fixing components 8 are connected by a first negative pressure component 9.

[0022] When clamping and fixing a cylindrical workpiece, firstly, adjust the distance between the first clamping arm 4 and the third clamping arm 7 according to the diameter of the cylindrical workpiece, so that the first clamping arm 4 and the third clamping arm 7 can closely fit the workpiece surface. After the adjustment is completed, place the cylindrical workpiece at the center position of the second clamping arm 5, and at the same time activate the first negative pressure component 9 to perform vacuum treatment on the surface of the first clamping arm 4 and the third clamping arm 7 that are in contact with the workpiece, thereby forming a stable adsorption force and completing the clamping and fixing operation of the cylindrical workpiece during the machining process.

[0023] The fixing component 8 includes a fixing arm 81 fixedly mounted on the fixing plate 1. An adjusting arm 82 is mounted on the fixing arm 81 by fixing bolts 84. A limiting groove 83 is formed at one end of the adjusting arm 82 near the fixing plate 1. The fixing bolts 84 pass through the limiting groove 83. A connecting base is provided at the other end of the adjusting arm 82. A negative pressure suction cup 85 is mounted on the connecting base by bolts.

[0024] When adjusting the fixing component 8, the position of the adjusting arm 82 can be slid within the limiting slide groove 83 by tightening or loosening the fixing bolt 84. By adjusting the position of the adjusting arm 82, stable clamping of cylindrical workpieces of different diameters can be achieved, improving the versatility and adaptability of the equipment. At the same time, the negative pressure suction cup 85 is fixed by bolts to the base, which facilitates disassembly and replacement, enhancing the ease of maintenance of the equipment.

[0025] Optionally, the first negative pressure component 9 includes a vacuum pump 91 fixedly mounted on the fixed plate 1. The vacuum pump 91 has a Y-shaped branch pipe 94 at its suction end. The first output end of the Y-shaped branch pipe 94 is connected to a filter valve 92. The filter valve 92 is connected to a connecting valve port 93. The connecting valve port 93 is sealed through and mounted on the negative pressure suction cup 85.

[0026] In this embodiment, after adjusting the position of the adjusting arm 82, the adjusting arm 82 is fixed in the desired position by tightening the fixing bolt 84 to ensure that it does not shift during clamping. Then, the vacuum pump 91 is started, and negative pressure is delivered to the filter valve 92 through the Y-shaped branch pipe 94, and then conducted to the negative pressure suction cup 85 through the connecting valve port 93, so that the negative pressure suction cup 85 forms a stable adsorption with the workpiece surface, thereby completing the connection between the workpiece and the negative pressure suction cup 85. The filter valve 92 is used to filter the airflow entering the negative pressure suction cup 85 to prevent impurities from entering and affecting the adsorption effect, while also improving the service life of the equipment. By setting the Y-shaped branch pipe 94, negative pressure can be supplied to multiple negative pressure suction cups 85 simultaneously, improving clamping stability and working efficiency.

[0027] Optionally, the second output end of the Y-shaped branch pipe 94 is connected to the filter valve 92 of the adjacent fixing component 8. By connecting the second output end of the Y-shaped branch pipe 94 to the filter valve 92 of the adjacent fixing component 8, collaborative operation among multiple fixing components 8 can be achieved. With this configuration, multiple negative pressure suction cups 85 can synchronously generate suction force under the action of the same vacuum pump 91, further improving the uniformity and stability of workpiece clamping.

[0028] Optionally, the first clamping arm 4 and the third clamping arm 7 have the same structure. Through the symmetrically arranged clamping arm structure, the two sides of the cylindrical workpiece can be clamped evenly, effectively preventing the workpiece from shifting or tilting during processing.

[0029] Optionally, the second clamping arm 5 is provided with multiple stabilizing components corresponding to the number of fixing components 8 of the first clamping arm 4. The multiple stabilizing components are evenly distributed along the length direction of the second clamping arm 5 to achieve multi-point support for the workpiece during the clamping process, prevent the cylindrical workpiece from sliding due to uneven force during the clamping process, and ensure that the workpiece is always in a stable state.

[0030] Optionally, the stabilizing component includes a fixed suction cup and a second negative pressure component. The fixed suction cup is fixedly mounted on the fixed plate 1, and the second negative pressure component is mounted on the fixed plate 1 and connected to the fixed suction cup.

[0031] Optionally, the connection between the second negative pressure component and the fixed suction cup is the same as the connection between the first negative pressure component 9 and the fixed component 8.

[0032] In this embodiment, the cooperation between the second negative pressure component and the fixed suction cup creates an auxiliary adsorption force on the top of the cylindrical workpiece, preventing the workpiece from shifting or sliding, thereby improving the reliability and stability of clamping the cylindrical workpiece. The second negative pressure component and the fixed suction cup use the same connection method as the first negative pressure component 9 and the fixed component 8, ensuring the coordination and consistency of each adsorption unit during operation and avoiding workpiece slippage or shifting due to uneven adsorption force.

[0033] Optionally, a connecting seat 2 and a control box 3 are also provided on the fixed plate 1. The connecting seat 3 can be used to flexibly install this clamping device on various robotic arms or fixed brackets, so as to realize the quick switching and integrated application of the clamping device in different working scenarios.

[0034] Optionally, the control box 3 is electrically connected to the first negative pressure component 9 and the second negative pressure component, respectively. The control box 3, electrically connected to the first negative pressure component 9 and the second negative pressure component, is used to centrally control the negative pressure suction cup 85 and the fixed suction cup. The control box 3 can control the start and stop of each negative pressure component, thereby achieving dynamic adjustment of the clamping force and ensuring the stability and safety of the clamping process.

[0035] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this application, and are not intended to limit them. Although this application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features therein. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application.

Claims

1. A clamping fixture for machining, characterized by: Includes a fixed plate (1), on which a second clamping arm (5) is fixedly disposed along the central axis. A first clamping arm (4) and a third clamping arm (7) are respectively disposed on the fixed plate (1) with the second clamping arm (5) as the axis of symmetry. The first clamping arm (4) and the third clamping arm (7) each include multiple fixing components (8) fixedly disposed on the fixed plate (1), and the multiple fixing components (8) are connected by a first negative pressure component (9). The fixing component (8) includes a fixing arm (81) fixedly mounted on the fixing plate (1). An adjusting arm (82) is provided on the fixing arm (81) by fixing bolts (84). A limiting groove (83) is opened through one end of the adjusting arm (82) near the fixing plate (1). The fixing bolts (84) pass through the limiting groove (83). A connecting base is provided at the other end of the adjusting arm (82). A negative pressure suction cup (85) is provided on the connecting base by bolts.

2. The clamping fixture for machining according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first negative pressure component (9) includes a vacuum pump (91) fixedly mounted on the fixed plate (1). The vacuum pump (91) has a Y-shaped branch pipe (94) at its suction end. The first output end of the Y-shaped branch pipe (94) is connected to a filter valve (92). The filter valve (92) is connected to a connecting valve port (93). The connecting valve port (93) is sealed through the negative pressure suction cup (85).

3. The clamping fixture of claim 2, wherein: The second output end of the Y-shaped branch pipe (94) is connected to the filter valve (92) of the adjacent fixed assembly (8).

4. The clamping apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: The first clamping arm (4) has the same structure as the third clamping arm (7).

5. The clamping apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: The second clamping arm (5) is provided with multiple stabilizing components corresponding to the fixing component (8) of the first clamping arm (4).

6. The clamping device for machining according to claim 5, characterized in that: The stabilizing component includes a fixed suction cup and a second negative pressure component. The fixed suction cup is fixedly mounted on the fixed plate (1), and the second negative pressure component is mounted on the fixed plate (1) and connected to the fixed suction cup.

7. The clamping device for machining according to claim 6, characterized in that: The connection between the second negative pressure component and the fixed suction cup is the same as the connection between the first negative pressure component (9) and the fixed component (8).

8. The clamping fixture according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: A connecting seat (2) and a control box (3) are provided on the fixed plate (1).

9. The clamping device for machining according to claim 8, characterized in that: The control box (3) is electrically connected to the first negative pressure component (9) and the second negative pressure component respectively.

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