Fluid polisher

Abstract

This invention provides a fluid polishing machine, belonging to the technical field of polishing machines. It includes a frame, a worktable, a mold-closing device, an extrusion grinding device, and a control device. The mold-closing device is mounted on the frame. The part to be polished is mounted between the worktable and the mold-closing device using a tooling fixture. The extrusion grinding device extrudes abrasive material onto the worktable for polishing. The extrusion grinding device includes a working cylinder for extrusion, and an internal displacement measuring device for real-time detection of the piston displacement. The control device receives the displacement signal from the displacement measuring device. This invention, by installing a displacement measuring device inside the cylinder to monitor the piston displacement in real time, allows the control device to precisely control the piston's speed and stroke based on the displacement signal. This achieves precise control of the abrasive extrusion speed and flow rate, preventing a decrease in hardness due to increased abrasive temperature, thereby improving polishing quality and consistency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of polishing machine technology, and specifically relates to a fluid polishing machine. Background Technology

[0002] Abrasive flow polishing is a specialized machining equipment that uses semi-fluid abrasives to precisely grind and polish the surface or internal holes of workpieces. It is particularly adept at handling complex geometries (such as turbine blades, hydraulic valve holes, and irregularly shaped cavities). Its working principle involves a hydraulic system driving viscoelastic abrasives (such as silicone-based abrasives + silicon carbide / diamond particles) to flow at high speed through the workpiece surface or internal holes. The micro-cutting action of the abrasive grains removes burrs and improves surface roughness.

[0003] The main structure of a fluid polishing machine includes an abrasive cylinder, a hydraulic cylinder, a clamping cylinder, a PLC control system, and tooling fixtures. The abrasive cylinders store and circulate the abrasive material, typically arranged in pairs to achieve unidirectional flow. The hydraulic cylinder provides power, forcing the abrasive material through the workpiece. The clamping cylinder, in conjunction with customized tooling fixtures, forms a tight polishing zone, ensuring precise abrasive flow through the area to be processed. In operation, the workpiece is fixed to the fixture, forming an abrasive channel. The abrasive is then injected into the abrasive cylinder, and the hydraulic cylinder drives the unidirectional flow of the abrasive to achieve polishing.

[0004] During the operation of a fluid polishing machine, the friction between the abrasive particles and the workpiece surface generates a large amount of heat, causing the abrasive temperature to rise. When the abrasive temperature rises, its hardness decreases, making it unable to effectively transfer grinding force and resulting in a decline in polishing effect. Therefore, this application provides a fluid polishing machine to meet this need. Utility Model Content

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by this utility model is to provide a fluid polishing machine.

[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution adopted by this utility model is: a fluid polishing machine, including an equipment frame, a worktable, a mold clamping device, an extrusion grinding device, and a control device. The mold clamping device is installed on the equipment frame. The part to be polished is installed between the worktable and the mold clamping device through a tooling fixture. The extrusion grinding device extrudes abrasive to the worktable to polish the workpiece. The extrusion grinding device includes a working oil cylinder for extrusion. The working oil cylinder is equipped with a displacement measuring device for real-time detection of the displacement of the cylinder piston. The control device receives the displacement signal fed back by the displacement measuring device and controls the speed and stroke of the working oil cylinder piston according to the displacement signal.

[0007] In some embodiments, a piston rod is provided inside the working cylinder, with a material extrusion plug fixedly connected to the outer end of the piston rod and a piston fixedly connected to the inner end of the piston rod; a funnel and an abrasive cylinder are fixedly connected sequentially from top to bottom inside the equipment frame, with an abrasive J-shaped tube provided at the bottom of the abrasive cylinder, the top of the abrasive J-shaped tube facing inward to realize the circulation of abrasive; the mold closing device includes a mold closing cylinder, with the working end of the mold closing cylinder facing the worktable; the displacement measuring device is a resistance ruler or a digital ruler, which is installed inside the cylinder barrel to detect the displacement of the piston in real time.

[0008] In some embodiments, a sealing element, which is a sealing ring, is provided inside the working cylinder and is installed between the cylinder barrel and the end cover to improve sealing and wear resistance; a buffer element, which is a buffer pad, is provided inside the sealing element to slow down the movement speed of the piston when it approaches the end of its stroke and avoid impact.

[0009] In some embodiments, the hydraulic cylinder includes a first inlet / outlet oil channel and a second inlet / outlet oil channel. A pressure sensor is installed in the first inlet / outlet oil channel. The pressure sensor is connected to the first inlet / outlet oil channel via a tee connector and is used to monitor the system pressure in real time and feed the signal back to the control device to achieve closed-loop control.

[0010] The scope of this utility model is not limited to technical solutions formed by specific combinations of the above-mentioned technical features, but should also cover other technical solutions formed by arbitrary combinations of the above-mentioned technical features or their equivalent features. For example, technical solutions formed by substituting the above-mentioned features with (but not limited to) technical features with similar functions disclosed in this application.

[0011] Due to the application of the above technical solution, this utility model has the following advantages compared with the prior art: This utility model provides a fluid polishing machine. By setting a displacement measuring device inside the oil cylinder, the displacement of the piston is monitored in real time. The control device can accurately control the movement speed and stroke of the piston according to the displacement signal, thereby achieving precise control of the abrasive extrusion speed and flow rate, avoiding the decrease in hardness caused by the increase of abrasive temperature, thereby improving the polishing quality and consistency.

[0012] By installing a pressure sensor at the first oil inlet / outlet channel and combining it with the feedback signal from the displacement measuring device, the control device can achieve closed-loop control of the oil cylinder, dynamically adjust the system pressure and piston movement state, improve the system's responsiveness to changes in the abrasive state, and ensure a stable polishing process.

[0013] By incorporating seals and buffers within the hydraulic cylinder, the sealing performance is effectively improved, and the impact of the piston at the end of its stroke is reduced, thus decreasing mechanical wear, extending the service life of the hydraulic cylinder and related components, and reducing maintenance frequency. Furthermore, the rigid structure and reasonable guiding design in this invention can reduce vibration and offset of the hydraulic cylinder during operation, thereby improving control accuracy. Attached Figure Description

[0014] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the overall cross-sectional structure of the fluid polishing machine; Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the hydraulic cylinder of a fluid polishing machine; The components include: 1. Equipment frame; 2. Workbench; 3. Funnel; 4. Abrasive cylinder; 5. Working cylinder; 6. Displacement measuring device; 7. Abrasive J-tube; 8. First inlet / outlet oil channel; 9. Second inlet / outlet oil channel; 10. Piston rod; 11. Extrusion plug; 12. Seal; 13. Buffer; 14. Piston; 15. Pressure sensor; 16. Mold closing cylinder; 17. Workpiece. Detailed Implementation

[0015] The fluid polishing machine provided by this utility model will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0016] like Figures 1 to 2 As shown in the figure, this embodiment provides a fluid polishing machine, including a frame 1, a worktable 2, a mold clamping device, an extrusion grinding device, and a control device. The mold clamping device is installed on the frame 1. The part to be polished is installed between the worktable 2 and the mold clamping device through a tooling fixture. The tooling fixture is existing technology and is adapted to different workpieces. The extrusion grinding device extrudes abrasive to the worktable 2 to polish the workpiece. The extrusion grinding device includes a working cylinder 5 for extrusion. The working cylinder 5 is equipped with a displacement measuring device 6 for real-time detection of the piston displacement. The control device receives the displacement signal fed back by the displacement measuring device 6 and controls the speed and stroke of the piston of the working cylinder 5 according to the displacement signal. The control device is an existing PLC control system, which can be programmed according to processing requirements, and will not be described in detail below.

[0017] A piston rod 10 is installed inside the working cylinder 5. A material extrusion plug 11 is fixedly connected to the outer end of the piston rod 10, and a piston 14 is fixedly connected to the inner end of the piston rod 10. A funnel 3 and an abrasive cylinder 4 are fixedly connected from top to bottom inside the equipment frame 1. An abrasive J-shaped tube 7 is installed at the bottom of the abrasive cylinder 4. The top of the abrasive J-shaped tube 7 faces the inside of the worktable 2 to realize the circulation of abrasive. The mold closing device includes a mold closing cylinder 16, and the working end of the mold closing cylinder 16 faces the worktable 2.

[0018] The piston 14 inside the working cylinder 5 moves under the pressure of hydraulic oil. The displacement measuring device 6 monitors the position change of the piston 14 in real time and feeds the displacement signal back to the PLC control system. The PLC control system precisely controls the movement of the working cylinder 5 according to preset polishing parameters (such as piston stroke and speed). This closed-loop control method ensures that the flow rate and pressure of the abrasive on the workpiece surface remain consistent, thereby achieving a uniform polishing effect. When the abrasive temperature rises, causing a decrease in hardness, the PLC control system can adjust the piston's movement speed according to the displacement signal to compensate for the change in abrasive flow and ensure that the polishing quality is not affected. The working cylinder 5 is equipped with a seal 12, which is a sealing ring installed between the cylinder barrel and the end cover to improve sealing and wear resistance. The inner end of the seal 12 is equipped with a buffer 13, which is a buffer pad used to slow down the movement speed of the piston 14 when it approaches the end of its stroke to avoid impact. The function of the seal 12 is to prevent hydraulic oil from leaking in the working cylinder 5, and at the same time reduce the friction between the piston 14 and the cylinder barrel, thereby improving the sealing and wear resistance of the system. The buffer 13 plays a role when the piston 14 approaches the end of its stroke, buffering the impact force caused by the sudden stop of the piston.

[0019] The hydraulic cylinder includes a first inlet / outlet oil channel 8 and a second inlet / outlet oil channel 9. A pressure sensor 15 is installed in the first inlet / outlet oil channel 8. The pressure sensor 15 is connected to the first inlet / outlet oil channel 8 through a three-way connector. It is used to monitor the system pressure in real time and feed the signal back to the control device to achieve closed-loop control.

[0020] It should be noted that the extrusion grinding device in this utility model includes a main discharge pipe (abrasive J-type pipe 7), a collector, and multiple sets of extrusion grinding mechanisms. The collector is located below the worktable 2 and is connected to each extrusion grinding mechanism. Each extrusion grinding mechanism is connected to one end of the main discharge pipe, and the other end of the main discharge pipe is connected to the worktable 2. The abrasive that falls to the collector enters the extrusion grinding mechanism and is transported to the worktable through the main discharge pipe to continuously polish the workpiece.

[0021] In operation: The operator fixes the workpiece 17 to be polished between the worktable and the mold clamping device using a special tooling fixture, forming a tight abrasive flow channel. After the system is started, the PLC control system initializes and sets the polishing parameters, including piston stroke, speed, pressure value, etc. The abrasive is injected into the abrasive cavity by the feeding system. Some of the abrasive can flow back to the abrasive cylinder through the funnel, forming a preliminary circulation path. The collector is connected to multiple sets of extrusion grinding mechanisms to ensure that the abrasive is continuously recycled during the continuous polishing process.

[0022] The PLC control system controls the start of the working cylinder 5. Hydraulic oil enters the working cylinder 5 through the first inlet and outlet oil channel 8, pushing the piston 14 and piston rod 10 forward. The extrusion plug 11 at the outer end of the piston rod 10 squeezes the abrasive through the workpiece surface or inner hole. The abrasive flows under high pressure, realizing micro-cutting and polishing of the workpiece.

[0023] The displacement measuring device 6 (such as a resistance ruler) installed inside the cylinder of the working cylinder 5 detects the displacement of the piston 14 in real time and feeds the signal back to the PLC control system. At the same time, the pressure sensor 15 installed in the first oil inlet and outlet channel 8 monitors the system pressure in real time. The PLC control system dynamically adjusts the movement speed and stroke of the working cylinder 5 according to the displacement and pressure signals to achieve closed-loop control, ensure the stability of abrasive flow rate and pressure, and adapt to the hardness changes caused by abrasive temperature changes.

[0024] When the piston 14 approaches the end of its stroke, the buffer 13 takes effect, slowing down the movement speed of the piston 14 and avoiding mechanical impact. The seal 12 ensures that the hydraulic oil inside the working cylinder 5 does not leak, maintains stable system pressure, and extends the service life of the equipment.

[0025] After polishing, the abrasive is collected by the collector under the worktable 2 and returned to the extrusion grinding mechanism. It is then transported back to the worktable 2 through the main discharge pipe (abrasive J-type pipe 7) to achieve continuous recycling of the abrasive.

[0026] The above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical concept and features of this utility model, and are intended to enable those skilled in the art to understand the content of this utility model and implement it accordingly. They should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of this utility model. All equivalent changes or modifications made in accordance with the spirit and essence of this utility model should be included within the scope of protection of this utility model.

Claims

1. A fluid polishing machine, comprising a frame (1), a worktable (2), a mold clamping device, an extrusion grinding device, and a control device, wherein the mold clamping device is mounted on the frame (1), the part to be polished is mounted between the worktable (2) and the mold clamping device by a tooling fixture, and the extrusion grinding device extrudes abrasive to the worktable (2) to polish the workpiece, characterized in that: The extrusion and grinding device includes a working cylinder (5) for extrusion. The working cylinder (5) is equipped with a displacement measuring device (6) for real-time detection of the displacement of the cylinder piston. The control device receives the displacement signal fed back by the displacement measuring device (6) and controls the speed and stroke of the working cylinder (5) piston according to the displacement signal.

2. The fluid polisher of claim 1, wherein: The working cylinder (5) is equipped with a piston rod (10), and the outer end of the piston rod (10) is fixedly connected to a material extrusion plug (11), and the inner end of the piston rod (10) is fixedly connected to a piston (14); the equipment frame (1) is fixedly connected from top to bottom to a funnel (3) and an abrasive cylinder (4), and the bottom end of the abrasive cylinder (4) is equipped with an abrasive J-shaped tube (7), the top end of the abrasive J-shaped tube (7) faces the inside of the worktable (2) to realize the circulation of abrasive; the mold closing device includes a mold closing cylinder (16), and the working end of the mold closing cylinder (16) faces the worktable (2); the displacement measuring device (6) is a resistance ruler, which is installed in the cylinder of the cylinder (5) to detect the displacement of the piston (14) in real time.

3. The fluid polisher of claim 2, wherein: The working cylinder (5) is provided with a sealing element (12), which is a sealing ring installed between the cylinder and the end cover to improve sealing and wear resistance.

4. The fluid polisher of claim 3, wherein: The inner end of the seal (12) is provided with a buffer (13), which is a buffer pad used to slow down the movement speed of the piston (14) when it approaches the end of its stroke to avoid impact.

5. The fluid polisher of claim 4, wherein: The oil cylinder includes a first oil inlet / outlet channel (8) and a second oil inlet / outlet channel (9). A pressure sensor (15) is installed in the first oil inlet / outlet channel (8). The pressure sensor (15) is connected to the first oil inlet / outlet channel (8) through a three-way connector. It is used to monitor the system pressure in real time and feed the signal back to the control device to achieve closed-loop control.

Images