A capacitive wireless charging system for electric vehicles

Abstract

This utility model relates to a capacitive wireless charging system for electric vehicles. The wireless charging device is improved from a coil to two pairs of coupled thin metal plates, and the magnetic induction charging method is changed to capacitive induction charging. It eliminates the need for additional metal foreign object detection devices, and the addition of amplitude modulation and frequency modulation circuits at the receiving end. The advantages of this utility model are: simpler manufacturing of the thin metal plates, smaller size, lighter weight, and higher integration capability; overcoming the problems of electrical transmission not being able to pass through metal, severe overheating due to small metal particles stuck in the transmitting and receiving coils, low efficiency, and safety; simple coupling structure, low loss, and smaller electromagnetic interference range; overcoming the charging safety hazards associated with magnetic induction wireless charging applied to electric vehicles; making electric vehicle charging more flexible; improving the safety and reliability of the entire wireless charging system; and avoiding various problems such as overvoltage, overcurrent, and overtemperature.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of electric vehicle charging technology, and in particular relates to a capacitive wireless charging system for electric vehicles. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, electric vehicle charging methods on the market can be broadly divided into two types: battery swapping and wired charging stations. Battery swapping typically involves storing batteries in a centralized location for charging, which incurs significant labor and maintenance costs and poses substantial safety hazards. Wired charging stations charge by inserting a charging cable into the charger / station; however, the repeated insertion and removal of the cable can cause wear and tear, potentially leading to sparks and fires. Furthermore, wired charging suffers from a less than ideal user experience and lower convenience. Therefore, there is a growing demand for safe and convenient wireless charging methods for electric vehicles.

[0003] However, currently, wireless magnetic induction systems used for electric vehicle charging also pose certain safety hazards in some situations: especially when the transmitting coil is buried in the ground and the receiving coil is placed inside the kickstand or footrest, since both the transmitting and receiving coils are placed horizontally, any metal stuck in them can cause severe overheating, creating a safety hazard. For wireless magnetic induction systems used for electric vehicle charging, existing metal detection methods often struggle to detect very small metals (such as those smaller than a one-yuan coin), hindering the large-scale application of traditional magnetic induction wireless charging methods in electric vehicles.

[0004] In summary, it is of particular importance to design a new charging system that can replace the wireless magnetic induction system used for electric vehicle charging, eliminate the need for detecting foreign metal objects, and overcome the safety hazards caused by foreign metal objects. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a capacitive wireless charging system for electric vehicles.

[0006] This capacitive wireless charging system for electric bicycles includes: a transmitter, a receiver, and a communication module; the transmitter consists of a DC power supply, a high-frequency bridge inverter, a transmitter LC resonant circuit, a transmitter controller, and a pair of metal plates; the receiver consists of a receiver LC resonant circuit, a high-frequency voltage doubler rectifier and filter circuit, a receiver controller, a load battery, a receiver frequency modulation circuit, a receiver amplitude modulation circuit, and a pair of metal plates; the metal plates of the transmitter and receiver are spaced a certain distance apart and are non-contactly coupled (to ensure that the metal plates are coated with an insulating layer, or to utilize the air between the plates for insulation); the transmitter controller is electrically connected to the communication module, and the communication module is electrically connected to the receiver controller;

[0007] At the transmitting end: the DC power supply is electrically connected to the high-frequency bridge inverter, the high-frequency bridge inverter is electrically connected to the transmitting end LC resonant circuit, and the transmitting end LC resonant circuit is electrically connected to the metal plate pair at the transmitting end; the transmitting end controller is electrically connected to the DC power supply, the high-frequency bridge inverter, and the transmitting end LC resonant circuit.

[0008] At the receiving end: The receiving end controller is electrically connected to the receiving end LC resonant circuit through the receiving end amplitude modulation circuit, and the metal plate of the receiving end is electrically connected to the receiving end LC resonant circuit; the receiving end LC resonant circuit is electrically connected to the receiving end frequency modulation circuit, the receiving end frequency modulation circuit is electrically connected to the high-frequency voltage doubler rectifier and filter circuit, and the high-frequency voltage doubler rectifier and filter circuit is electrically connected to the load battery; the receiving end controller is also electrically connected to the receiving end frequency modulation circuit.

[0009] As a preferred option:

[0010] A DC power supply is used to power the transmitter.

[0011] A high-frequency bridge inverter is used to convert DC power supplied by a DC power source into high-frequency AC power and send high-frequency AC power to the LC resonant circuit at the transmitting end.

[0012] The LC resonant circuit at the transmitter is used to amplify high-frequency AC power and drive the metal plate pair at the transmitter.

[0013] The metal plates at the transmitting end are used to generate an alternating high-frequency electric field around themselves under the drive of the amplified high-frequency alternating current, so as to facilitate the transmission of electrical energy to the receiving metal plate at the receiving end.

[0014] The metal plate pair at the receiving end is used for non-contact, air-coupled connection with the metal plate pair at the transmitting end (to ensure that the metal plates are coated with an insulating layer, or to use the air between the plates as insulation), to induce a high-frequency electric field; it is also used to send a current of the high-frequency electric field to the LC resonant circuit at the receiving end.

[0015] The receiving end LC resonant circuit is used to amplify the current of the high-frequency electric field and send the amplified current to the high-frequency voltage doubler rectifier filter circuit;

[0016] The high-frequency voltage multiplier rectifier and filter circuit is used to perform high-frequency voltage multiplier rectification and filtering on the amplified current, and to send the high-frequency voltage multiplier rectified and filtered current to the load battery.

[0017] Load cell, used to power electric vehicles;

[0018] The receiver frequency modulation circuit is used to modulate the frequency of the current induced from the transmitter; the receiver amplitude modulation circuit is used to modulate the amplitude of the current induced from the transmitter; the receiver controller sends frequency modulation and amplitude modulation commands to the receiver frequency modulation circuit and receiver amplitude modulation circuit respectively according to the voltage and current output from the transmitter sent by the communication module, thereby adjusting the frequency and voltage amplitude of the current output to the load battery to meet the requirements of outputting the required electrical energy.

[0019] The transmitter controller is used to control the switching on and off of the DC power supply, to control the operation of the high-frequency bridge inverter and the transmitter LC resonant circuit, and to communicate with the communication module by sending signals to adjust the frequency and amplitude.

[0020] The receiver controller is used to communicate with the communication module and send frequency modulation and amplitude modulation requests to the communication module; it is also used to control the operation of the receiver amplitude modulation circuit, receiver LC resonant circuit, high-frequency voltage doubler rectifier and filter circuit, and receiver frequency modulation circuit.

[0021] The communication module is used to send signals for adjusting the frequency and amplitude bidirectionally to both the receiver controller and the transmitter controller.

[0022] Preferably, the metal plates of the transmitter are laid on the ground, or the metal plates of the transmitter are installed in a wireless charging station located on the ground; each metal plate of the metal plate of the receiver is embedded in each of the legs of an electric vehicle with two legs, or placed in other parts of the electric vehicle.

[0023] Preferably, the area of ​​the metal plate at the transmitting end is larger than the area of ​​the metal plate at the receiving end, in order to increase the degree of freedom in charging.

[0024] Preferably, the transmitting end LC resonant circuit is a two-stage LC resonant circuit; the two-stage LC resonant circuit of the transmitting end LC resonant circuit is composed of two sets of inductors L and capacitors C connected in parallel, which are first connected in series to enhance the driving voltage received by the metal plate of the transmitting end; the receiving end LC resonant circuit is a two-stage LC resonant circuit, which is composed of inductors L and the first capacitor C connected in parallel and then connected in series with the second capacitor.

[0025] Preferably, the non-contact, air-coupled metal plates of the transmitter and receiver are coupled and stacked.

[0026] Preferably, the metal plate pairs at the transmitting end and the metal plate pairs at the receiving end are arranged in an inner and outer ring for non-contact, air-coupled connection.

[0027] Preferably, both the metal plate pair at the transmitting end and the metal plate pair at the receiving end consist of two metal plates facing each other, and each metal plate is provided with an insulating layer.

[0028] As a preferred option, electric vehicles include electric bicycles, electric light motorcycles, electric motorcycles, electric tricycles, and four-wheeled mobility scooters.

[0029] The beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0030] This invention improves the wireless charging device from the coil in the prior art to two pairs of coupled metal plates. Compared with the coil, the metal plates used in this invention are simpler to process and manufacture, smaller in size and lighter in weight, and have a higher degree of integration. It changes the traditional magnetic induction charging to the capacitive induction charging method of this application, which overcomes the problems of electricity not being able to pass through metal, the serious heat generation caused by small metal stuck in the transmitting and receiving coils, low efficiency and safety. It does not require the addition of a metal foreign object detection device and can be applied to the field of electric bicycles with a power of several hundred watts. It can achieve both integration and intelligence.

[0031] This invention enables wireless charging of electric bicycles. It features a simple coupling structure, low loss, and a small electromagnetic interference range, overcoming the charging safety hazards associated with magnetic induction wireless charging for electric bicycles. The addition of an amplitude modulation circuit and a frequency modulation circuit at the receiving end allows for adjustment of the frequency and amplitude of the current induced from the transmitting end based on the output current frequency and voltage amplitude. This makes charging of electric bicycles more flexible, improves the safety and reliability of the entire wireless charging system, and avoids various problems such as overvoltage, overcurrent, and overtemperature. Attached Figure Description

[0032] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the capacitive wireless charging system for electric vehicles according to this utility model.

[0033] Figure 2 This is a circuit diagram of the capacitive wireless charging system for electric vehicles according to this utility model.

[0034] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the pair of thin metal plates on the electric bicycle in Examples 1 and 2 that can accommodate the receiver.

[0035] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram showing the metal plate pair for placing the receiver on the small four-wheeled mobility vehicle in Examples 3 and 4.

[0036] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a two-stage LC resonant circuit at the transmitting end.

[0037] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of a two-stage LC resonant circuit at the receiving end.

[0038] Figure 7This is a schematic diagram showing the coupled and stacked placement of the metal sheet pairs at the transmitting end and the receiving end.

[0039] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram showing the metal plate pairs at the transmitting end and the metal plate pairs at the receiving end arranged in inner and outer rings.

[0040] Figure reference numerals: 1. DC power supply; 2. High-frequency bridge inverter; 3. Transmitter LC resonant circuit; 4. Transmitter controller; 5. Transmitter metal plate pair; 6. Receiver LC resonant circuit; 7. High-frequency voltage doubler rectifier and filter circuit; 8. Receiver controller; 9. Receiver frequency modulation circuit; 10. Receiver amplitude modulation circuit; 11. Receiver metal plate pair; 12. Communication module; 13. Transmitter; 14. Receiver; 15. Coupling interface; 16. Front suspension; 17. Handlebar; 18. Metal rim; 19. Pedal; 20. Battery compartment; 21. Footrest; 22. Seat; 23. Armrest; 24. Backrest; 25. Detailed Implementation

[0041] The present invention will be further described below with reference to embodiments. The description of the embodiments below is only for the purpose of helping to understand the present invention. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, several modifications can be made to the present invention without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications also fall within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

[0042] Example 1

[0043] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, a capacitive wireless charging system for electric bicycles includes: a transmitter 14, a receiver 15, and a communication module 13; the transmitter 14 consists of a DC power supply 1, a high-frequency bridge inverter 2, a transmitter LC resonant circuit 3, a transmitter controller 4, and a pair of metal plates 5 for the transmitter; the receiver 15 consists of a receiver LC resonant circuit 6, a high-frequency voltage doubler rectifier and filter circuit 7, a receiver controller 8, a load battery 9, a receiver frequency modulation circuit 10, a receiver amplitude modulation circuit 11, and a pair of metal plates 12 for the receiver; Figure 8 As shown, the metal plate pair 5 at the transmitting end and the metal plate pair 12 at the receiving end are separated by a certain distance and are non-contactly coupled at the coupling interface 16 (to ensure that the metal plates are coated with an insulating layer, or to utilize the air between the plates for insulation), or as... Figure 7As shown, the metal plate pair 5 at the transmitting end and the metal plate pair 12 at the receiving end are coupled and stacked in a non-contact, air-coupled manner; the transmitting end controller 4 is electrically connected to the communication module 13, and the communication module 13 is electrically connected to the receiving end controller 8; the area of ​​the metal plate at the transmitting end is larger than the area of ​​the metal plate at the receiving end to increase the degree of freedom in charging; both the metal plate pair 5 at the transmitting end and the metal plate pair 12 at the receiving end include two metal plates that are opposite to each other (e.g., Figure 3 As shown, the metal plate pair 5 of the transmitting end consists of TX1 and TX2, and the metal plate pair 12 of the receiving end consists of RX1 and RX2. It can be embedded into the support leg 22 of the electric bicycle using a double support design, or placed in other parts of the vehicle. The metal plates are all equipped with an insulating layer. Generally, the area of ​​the transmitting plate can be made larger than that of the receiving plate to increase the degree of freedom in charging.

[0044] At transmitter 14: DC power supply 1 is electrically connected to high-frequency bridge inverter 2, high-frequency bridge inverter 2 is electrically connected to transmitter LC resonant circuit 3, transmitter LC resonant circuit 3 is electrically connected to the metal plate pair 5 at transmitter; transmitter controller 4 is electrically connected to DC power supply 1, high-frequency bridge inverter 2 and transmitter LC resonant circuit 3.

[0045] At the receiving end 15: the receiving end controller 8 is electrically connected to the receiving end LC resonant circuit 6 via the receiving end amplitude modulation circuit 11, and the receiving end metal plate pair 12 is electrically connected to the receiving end LC resonant circuit 6; the receiving end LC resonant circuit 6 is electrically connected to the receiving end frequency modulation circuit 10, the receiving end frequency modulation circuit 10 is electrically connected to the high-frequency voltage doubler rectifier and filter circuit 7, and the high-frequency voltage doubler rectifier and filter circuit 7 is electrically connected to the load battery 9; the receiving end controller 8 is also electrically connected to the receiving end frequency modulation circuit 10.

[0046] like Figure 2 As shown, the transmitting end LC resonant circuit 3 is a first-stage LC resonant circuit; the receiving end LC resonant circuit 6 is a first-stage LC resonant circuit.

[0047] DC power supply 1 is used to power transmitter 14; DC power supply 1 is powered by a conventional 220V DC power supply, and its output terminal can supply current of 24V, 36V, 48V, 60V, 72V or other voltages to the current input side of transmitter 14.

[0048] like Figure 2 As shown, the high-frequency bridge inverter 2 (composed of S1, S2, S3 and S4, usually using GaN FET to replace MOSFET to reduce switching losses caused by MHz-level drive) is used to invert the DC power supplied by DC power supply 1 into high-frequency AC power and send high-frequency AC power to the LC resonant circuit 3 at the transmitting end.

[0049] The LC resonant circuit 3 at the transmitting end is used to amplify the high-frequency AC power and drive the metal plate pair 5 at the transmitting end (the voltage is determined according to the topology of the selected inverter, the circuit operating frequency, the input voltage and the output power, etc., but it is necessary to ensure that the voltage cannot break down the insulating layer on the surface of the metal plate). This facilitates the generation of an electric field by the metal plate pair at the transmitting end and the transmission of energy to the metal plate pair at the receiving end.

[0050] The metal plate pair 5 of the transmitter is used to generate an alternating high-frequency electric field around itself under the drive of the amplified high-frequency alternating current, so as to facilitate the transmission of electrical energy to the receiving metal plate of the receiver; the metal plate pair 5 of the transmitter is installed in a wireless charging pile set on the ground; each metal plate in the metal plate pair 12 of the receiver is embedded in each of the legs of an electric bicycle with double support legs.

[0051] The metal plate pair 12 at the receiving end is used for non-contact, air-coupled connection with the metal plate pair 5 at the transmitting end to induce a high-frequency electric field; it is also used to send the current of the high-frequency electric field to the LC resonant circuit 6 at the receiving end.

[0052] The receiving end LC resonant circuit 6 is used to amplify the current of the high-frequency electric field and send the amplified current to the high-frequency voltage doubler rectifier filter circuit 7.

[0053] Because the dielectric constant of air and the relative dielectric constant of ordinary insulating materials are very low, the induced current obtained by the receiving board is relatively small. Usually, a high-frequency voltage multiplier rectifier and filter circuit 7 is connected after the LC resonant circuit to perform high-frequency voltage multiplier rectification and filtering on the amplified current, and send the high-frequency voltage multiplier rectified and filtered current to the load battery 9.

[0054] Load cell 9 is used to power electric bicycles;

[0055] The receiver frequency modulation circuit 10 is used to modulate the frequency of the current induced from the transmitter 14; the receiver amplitude modulation circuit 11 is used to modulate the amplitude of the current induced from the transmitter 14; the receiver controller sends frequency modulation and amplitude modulation commands to the receiver frequency modulation circuit and the receiver amplitude modulation circuit respectively according to the voltage and current output by the transmitter 14 sent by the communication module, thereby adjusting the frequency and voltage amplitude of the current output to the load battery to meet the requirements of the required power output.

[0056] The transmitter controller 4 is used to control the on / off state of the DC power supply 1, to control the operation of the high-frequency bridge inverter 2 and the transmitter LC resonant circuit 3, and to communicate with the communication module 13, sending signals to the communication module 13 to adjust the frequency and amplitude.

[0057] The receiver controller 8 is used to communicate with the communication module 13 and send frequency modulation and amplitude modulation requests to the communication module 13; it is also used to control the operation of the receiver amplitude modulation circuit 11, the receiver LC resonant circuit 6, the high-frequency voltage doubler rectifier and filter circuit 7, and the receiver frequency modulation circuit 10, so that the system can charge efficiently.

[0058] The communication module 13 is used to send signals for adjusting frequency and amplitude bidirectionally to the receiver controller 8 and the transmitter controller 4.

[0059] Example 2

[0060] Based on Embodiment 1, a capacitive wireless charging system for electric bicycles includes a pair of metal plates 5 at the transmitting end laid on the ground, and each metal plate in the pair of metal plates 12 at the receiving end placed inside other parts of the electric bicycle (such as the front suspension 17, handlebars 18, metal rims 19, pedals 20, battery compartment 21, or seat 23); Figure 8 As shown, the metal plate pair 5 at the transmitting end and the metal plate pair 12 at the receiving end are non-contact and air-coupled (to ensure that the metal plates are coated with an insulating layer, or to utilize the air between the plates for insulation) in an inner and outer ring arrangement; as Figure 5 As shown, the LC resonant circuit 3 at the transmitting end is a two-stage LC resonant circuit; the two-stage LC resonant circuit of the transmitting end LC resonant circuit 3 consists of two sets of inductors L and capacitors C connected in parallel after being connected in series, in order to enhance the response of the metal plate at the transmitting end to the received driving voltage; as shown Figure 6 As shown, the receiving end LC resonant circuit 6 is a two-stage LC resonant circuit. The two-stage LC resonant circuit of the receiving end LC resonant circuit 6 is composed of an inductor L and a first capacitor C connected in parallel and then connected in series with a second capacitor.

[0061] The rest of the design in this embodiment is the same as in embodiment 1.

[0062] Example 3

[0063] A capacitive wireless charging system for a small four-wheeled mobility scooter includes: a transmitter 14, a receiver 15, and a communication module 13; the transmitter 14 consists of a DC power supply 1, a high-frequency bridge inverter 2, a transmitter LC resonant circuit 3, a transmitter controller 4, and a pair of thin metal plates 5 for the transmitter; the receiver 15 consists of a receiver LC resonant circuit 6, a high-frequency voltage doubler rectifier and filter circuit 7, a receiver controller 8, a load battery 9, a receiver frequency modulation circuit 10, a receiver amplitude modulation circuit 11, and a pair of thin metal plates 12 for the receiver; Figure 8 As shown, the metal plate pair 5 at the transmitting end and the metal plate pair 12 at the receiving end are separated by a certain distance and are non-contactly coupled at the coupling interface 16 (to ensure that the metal plates are coated with an insulating layer, or to utilize the air between the plates for insulation), or as... Figure 7As shown, the metal plate pair 5 at the transmitting end and the metal plate pair 12 at the receiving end are coupled and stacked in a non-contact, air-coupled manner; the transmitting end controller 4 is electrically connected to the communication module 13, and the communication module 13 is electrically connected to the receiving end controller 8; the area of ​​the metal plate at the transmitting end is larger than the area of ​​the metal plate at the receiving end to increase the degree of freedom in charging; both the metal plate pair 5 at the transmitting end and the metal plate pair 12 at the receiving end include two metal plates facing each other, and each metal plate is provided with an insulating layer; generally, the area of ​​the transmitting plate can be made larger than that of the receiving plate to increase the degree of freedom in charging.

[0064] At transmitter 14: DC power supply 1 is electrically connected to high-frequency bridge inverter 2, high-frequency bridge inverter 2 is electrically connected to transmitter LC resonant circuit 3, transmitter LC resonant circuit 3 is electrically connected to the metal plate pair 5 at transmitter; transmitter controller 4 is electrically connected to DC power supply 1, high-frequency bridge inverter 2 and transmitter LC resonant circuit 3.

[0065] At the receiving end 15: the receiving end controller 8 is electrically connected to the receiving end LC resonant circuit 6 via the receiving end amplitude modulation circuit 11, and the receiving end metal plate pair 12 is electrically connected to the receiving end LC resonant circuit 6; the receiving end LC resonant circuit 6 is electrically connected to the receiving end frequency modulation circuit 10, the receiving end frequency modulation circuit 10 is electrically connected to the high-frequency voltage doubler rectifier and filter circuit 7, and the high-frequency voltage doubler rectifier and filter circuit 7 is electrically connected to the load battery 9; the receiving end controller 8 is also electrically connected to the receiving end frequency modulation circuit 10.

[0066] like Figure 2 As shown, the transmitting end LC resonant circuit 3 is a first-stage LC resonant circuit; the receiving end LC resonant circuit 6 is a first-stage LC resonant circuit.

[0067] DC power supply 1 is used to power transmitter 14; DC power supply 1 is powered by a conventional 220V DC power supply, and its output terminal can supply current of 24V, 36V, 48V, 60V, 72V or other voltages to the current input side of transmitter 14.

[0068] like Figure 2 As shown, the high-frequency bridge inverter 2 (composed of S1, S2, S3 and S4, usually using GaN FET to replace MOSFET to reduce switching losses caused by MHz-level drive) is used to invert the DC power supplied by DC power supply 1 into high-frequency AC power and send high-frequency AC power to the LC resonant circuit 3 at the transmitting end.

[0069] The LC resonant circuit 3 at the transmitting end is used to amplify the high-frequency AC power and drive the metal plate pair 5 at the transmitting end (the voltage is determined according to the topology of the selected inverter, the circuit operating frequency, the input voltage and the output power, etc., but it is necessary to ensure that the voltage cannot break down the insulating layer on the surface of the metal plate). This facilitates the generation of an electric field by the metal plate pair at the transmitting end and the transmission of energy to the metal plate pair at the receiving end.

[0070] The metal plate 5 at the transmitting end is used to generate an alternating high-frequency electric field around itself under the drive of the amplified high-frequency alternating current, so as to facilitate the transmission of electrical energy to the receiving metal plate at the receiving end.

[0071] like Figure 4 As shown, the metal plate pair 5 of the transmitting end is laid on the ground, and each metal plate of the metal plate pair 12 of the receiving end is placed in other parts of the small four-wheeled mobility vehicle (such as the armrest 24, backrest 25, battery compartment 21, pedal 20 or metal rim 19).

[0072] The metal plate pair 12 at the receiving end is used for non-contact, air-coupled connection with the metal plate pair 5 at the transmitting end to induce a high-frequency electric field; it is also used to send the current of the high-frequency electric field to the LC resonant circuit 6 at the receiving end.

[0073] The receiving end LC resonant circuit 6 is used to amplify the current of the high-frequency electric field and send the amplified current to the high-frequency voltage doubler rectifier filter circuit 7.

[0074] Because the dielectric constant of air and the relative dielectric constant of ordinary insulating materials are very low, the induced current obtained by the receiving board is relatively small. Usually, a high-frequency voltage multiplier rectifier and filter circuit 7 is connected after the LC resonant circuit to perform high-frequency voltage multiplier rectification and filtering on the amplified current, and send the high-frequency voltage multiplier rectified and filtered current to the load battery 9.

[0075] Load cell 9 is used to power the small four-wheeled mobility scooter;

[0076] The receiver frequency modulation circuit 10 is used to modulate the frequency of the current induced from the transmitter 14; the receiver amplitude modulation circuit 11 is used to modulate the amplitude of the current induced from the transmitter 14; the receiver controller sends frequency modulation and amplitude modulation commands to the receiver frequency modulation circuit and the receiver amplitude modulation circuit respectively according to the voltage and current output by the transmitter 14 sent by the communication module, thereby adjusting the frequency and voltage amplitude of the current output to the load battery to meet the requirements of the required power output.

[0077] The transmitter controller 4 is used to control the on / off state of the DC power supply 1, to control the operation of the high-frequency bridge inverter 2 and the transmitter LC resonant circuit 3, and to communicate with the communication module 13, sending signals to the communication module 13 to adjust the frequency and amplitude.

[0078] The receiver controller 8 is used to communicate with the communication module 13 and send frequency modulation and amplitude modulation requests to the communication module 13; it is also used to control the operation of the receiver amplitude modulation circuit 11, the receiver LC resonant circuit 6, the high-frequency voltage doubler rectifier and filter circuit 7, and the receiver frequency modulation circuit 10, so that the system can charge efficiently.

[0079] The communication module 13 is used to send signals for adjusting frequency and amplitude bidirectionally to the receiver controller 8 and the transmitter controller 4.

[0080] Example 4

[0081] Based on Example 3, a capacitive wireless charging system for a small four-wheeled mobility scooter, such as... Figure 8 As shown, the metal plate pair 5 at the transmitting end and the metal plate pair 12 at the receiving end are non-contact and air-coupled (to ensure that the metal plates are coated with an insulating layer, or to utilize the air between the plates for insulation) in an inner and outer ring arrangement; as Figure 5 As shown, the LC resonant circuit 3 at the transmitting end is a two-stage LC resonant circuit; the two-stage LC resonant circuit of the transmitting end LC resonant circuit 3 consists of two sets of inductors L and capacitors C connected in parallel after being connected in series, in order to enhance the response of the metal plate at the transmitting end to the received driving voltage; as shown Figure 6 As shown, the receiving end LC resonant circuit 6 is a two-stage LC resonant circuit. The two-stage LC resonant circuit of the receiving end LC resonant circuit 6 is composed of an inductor L and a first capacitor C connected in parallel and then connected in series with a second capacitor.

[0082] The rest of the design in this embodiment is the same as in embodiment 3.

Claims

1. A capacitive wireless charging system for an electric vehicle, characterized by, include: The transmitter (14), receiver (15), and communication module (13) are configured. The transmitter (14) consists of a DC power supply (1), a high-frequency bridge inverter (2), a transmitter LC resonant circuit (3), a transmitter controller (4), and a pair of metal plates (5) for the transmitter. The receiver (15) consists of a receiver LC resonant circuit (6), a high-frequency voltage doubler rectifier filter circuit (7), a receiver controller (8), a load battery (9), a receiver frequency modulation circuit (10), a receiver amplitude modulation circuit (11), and a pair of metal plates (12) for the receiver. The pair of metal plates (5) for the transmitter and the pair of metal plates (12) for the receiver are separated by a certain distance and are non-contactly coupled. The transmitter controller (4) is electrically connected to the communication module (13), and the communication module (13) is electrically connected to the receiver controller (8). At the transmitting end (14): the DC power supply (1) is electrically connected to the high-frequency bridge inverter (2), the high-frequency bridge inverter (2) is electrically connected to the transmitting end LC resonant circuit (3), and the transmitting end LC resonant circuit (3) is electrically connected to the metal plate pair (5) of the transmitting end; the transmitting end controller (4) is electrically connected to the DC power supply (1), the high-frequency bridge inverter (2), and the transmitting end LC resonant circuit (3); At the receiving end (15): the receiving end controller (8) is electrically connected to the receiving end LC resonant circuit (6) through the receiving end amplitude modulation circuit (11), and the metal plate pair (12) of the receiving end is electrically connected to the receiving end LC resonant circuit (6); the receiving end LC resonant circuit (6) is electrically connected to the receiving end frequency modulation circuit (10), the receiving end frequency modulation circuit (10) is electrically connected to the high frequency voltage doubler rectifier filter circuit (7), and the high frequency voltage doubler rectifier filter circuit (7) is electrically connected to the load battery (9); the receiving end controller (8) is also electrically connected to the receiving end frequency modulation circuit (10).

2. The capacitive wireless charging system for electric vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that: The DC power supply (1) is used to supply power to the transmitter (14); The high-frequency bridge inverter (2) is used to invert the DC power supplied by the DC power supply (1) into high-frequency AC power and send the high-frequency AC power to the transmitting end LC resonant circuit (3). The LC resonant circuit (3) at the transmitting end is used to amplify the high-frequency AC current and drive the metal plate pair (5) at the transmitting end. The metal plate pair (5) at the transmitting end is used to generate an alternating high-frequency electric field around itself under the drive of the amplified high-frequency alternating current. The metal plate pair (12) of the receiving end is used for non-contact air coupling with the metal plate pair (5) of the transmitting end to sense the high-frequency electric field; It is also used to send the current of the high-frequency electric field to the LC resonant circuit (6) at the receiving end; The receiving end LC resonant circuit (6) is used to amplify the current of the high-frequency electric field and send the amplified current to the high-frequency voltage doubler rectifier filter circuit (7); The high-frequency voltage multiplier rectifier and filter circuit (7) is used to perform high-frequency voltage multiplier rectification and filtering on the amplified current, and send the high-frequency voltage multiplier rectified and filtered current to the load battery (9); The load battery (9) is used to supply power to the electric vehicle; The receiver frequency modulation circuit (10) is used to frequency-modulate the current induced from the transmitter; the receiver amplitude modulation circuit (11) is used to amplitude-modulate the current induced from the transmitter (14). The transmitter controller (4) is used to control the switching on and off of the DC power supply (1) and to control the operation of the high-frequency bridge inverter (2) and the transmitter LC resonant circuit (3). Used to communicate with the communication module (13) and send signals for adjusting frequency and adjusting amplitude to the communication module (13); The receiver controller (8) is used to communicate with the communication module (13) and send frequency modulation requests and amplitude modulation requests to the communication module (13); it is also used to control the operation of the receiver amplitude modulation circuit (11), the receiver LC resonant circuit (6), the high-frequency voltage doubler rectifier filter circuit (7), and the receiver frequency modulation circuit (10). The communication module (13) is used to send the frequency modulation frequency and amplitude modulation value to the receiver controller (8).

3. The capacitive wireless charging system for electric vehicles of claim 1, wherein: The metal plate pair (5) of the transmitter is laid on the ground, or the metal plate pair (5) of the transmitter is installed in a wireless charging pile located on the ground; each metal plate in the metal plate pair (12) of the receiver is embedded in each support leg of an electric vehicle with double support legs.

4. The capacitive wireless charging system for electric vehicles of claim 3, wherein: The area of ​​the metal plate at the transmitting end is larger than the area of ​​the metal plate at the receiving end.

5. The capacitive wireless charging system for electric vehicles of claim 1, wherein: The transmitting end LC resonant circuit (3) is a two-stage LC resonant circuit; the two-stage LC resonant circuit of the transmitting end LC resonant circuit (3) is composed of two sets of inductors L and capacitors C connected in parallel first and then connected in series; the receiving end LC resonant circuit (6) is a two-stage LC resonant circuit; the two-stage LC resonant circuit of the receiving end LC resonant circuit (6) is composed of inductors L and the first capacitor C connected in parallel first and then connected in series with the second capacitor.

6. The capacitive wireless charging system for electric vehicles of claim 1, wherein: The metal plate pair (5) of the transmitting end and the metal plate pair (12) of the receiving end are coupled and stacked in a non-contact, air-coupled manner.

7. The capacitive wireless charging system for electric vehicles of claim 1, wherein: The metal plate pair (5) of the transmitting end and the metal plate pair (12) of the receiving end are non-contactly coupled in an inner and outer ring.

8. The capacitive wireless charging system for electric vehicles of claim 1, wherein: The metal plate pair (5) of the transmitting end and the metal plate pair (12) of the receiving end each include two metal plates facing each other, and each metal plate is provided with an insulating layer.

9. The capacitive wireless charging system for electric vehicles of claim 1, wherein, The electric vehicles include electric bicycles, electric light motorcycles, electric motorcycles, electric tricycles, and four-wheeled mobility scooters.

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