A desalination water treatment device based on reverse osmosis membranes
By using a multi-stage pretreatment and gradient desalination reverse osmosis membrane device, the problems of pollutant deposition and insufficient desalination capacity of high-salinity water sources have been solved, achieving efficient and low-energy-consumption desalination treatment that meets water quality standards for demanding scenarios.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- XINJIANG KAILIANJIE PETRIFIED CO LTD
- Filing Date
- 2025-08-12
- Publication Date
- 2026-07-31
AI Technical Summary
Existing desalination water treatment devices lack effective pretreatment systems, leading to the deposition of pollutants on the surface of reverse osmosis membranes, a decrease in membrane flux, and limited desalination capacity of traditional devices for high-salinity water sources, resulting in unsatisfactory product water quality and high energy consumption.
It adopts a multi-stage pretreatment structure, including media filtration components and ultrafiltration components, combined with primary and secondary reverse osmosis membranes, and achieves gradient desalination through primary and secondary high-pressure pumps. A return pipe and flow control valve are set to optimize water resource utilization.
It effectively removes suspended solids, colloids and organic matter from raw water, reduces membrane fouling, improves the desalination effect of high-salinity water sources, reduces energy consumption, ensures production continuity and water quality, and extends membrane life.
Smart Images
Figure CN224578084U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the field of water treatment technology, and more specifically to a desalination treatment device based on a reverse osmosis membrane. Background Technology
[0002] Desalination refers to the process of removing dissolved salts (such as sodium chloride and calcium chloride), colloids, organic matter, and microorganisms from water using physical or chemical methods to bring the water quality up to specific usage requirements. In industrial production, desalinated water is widely used in boiler feedwater, electronic chip cleaning, and chemical process water applications.
[0003] Some existing desalination water treatment units lack effective pretreatment systems or only employ simple filtration processes (such as sand filtration), making it difficult to remove colloids, microorganisms, and organic matter from the raw water. These contaminants easily deposit on the surface of the reverse osmosis membrane, leading to the formation of a filter cake layer, which reduces membrane flux and requires frequent system shutdowns for cleaning, affecting production continuity. Traditional units typically only have a single-stage reverse osmosis membrane. For high-salinity water sources or scenarios with strict requirements for product water quality (such as the preparation of electronic-grade ultrapure water and chemical process water), the desalination capacity of the first-stage reverse osmosis is limited, making it difficult to meet product water quality standards. Directly increasing the pressure of the first-stage reverse osmosis would lead to a significant increase in energy consumption and a decrease in economic efficiency. Utility Model Content
[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a desalination water treatment device based on a reverse osmosis membrane, which avoids the deposition of pollutants on the surface of the reverse osmosis membrane and improves the desalination effect on high-salinity water sources.
[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution of this utility model is as follows:
[0006] A desalination water treatment device based on reverse osmosis membrane includes a filter box, a primary high-pressure pump, a primary reverse osmosis tank, a secondary high-pressure pump, and a secondary reverse osmosis tank. The top of the filter box is connected to a raw water pipe. A media filtration assembly and an ultrafiltration assembly are arranged sequentially from top to bottom inside the filter box. Each of the primary and secondary reverse osmosis tanks contains a primary reverse osmosis membrane and a secondary reverse osmosis membrane, respectively, which divide the primary and secondary reverse osmosis tanks into a concentrate chamber and a product water chamber. The bottom of the filter box is connected to the inlet of the primary high-pressure pump via a connecting pipe. The outlet of the primary high-pressure pump is connected to the concentrate chamber of the primary reverse osmosis tank. The product water chamber of the primary reverse osmosis tank is connected to the inlet of the secondary high-pressure pump. The outlet of the secondary high-pressure pump is connected to the concentrate chamber of the secondary reverse osmosis tank. An outlet pipe is connected to the product water chamber of the secondary reverse osmosis tank.
[0007] Furthermore, the concentrate chamber of the secondary reverse osmosis tank is connected to the connecting pipe via a return pipe, and the return pipe is equipped with a flow control valve and a check valve.
[0008] Furthermore, the bottom of the concentrate chamber of the first-stage reverse osmosis tank is connected to a discharge pipe, and a discharge valve is installed on the discharge pipe.
[0009] Furthermore, the media filtration assembly includes, from top to bottom, an anthracite filter layer, a quartz sand filter layer, and a magnetite filter layer.
[0010] Furthermore, the ultrafiltration component is a polyvinylidene fluoride ultrafiltration membrane.
[0011] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows:
[0012] This application establishes a multi-stage pretreatment structure by setting up a filter box containing media filtration components and ultrafiltration components. This structure can effectively remove suspended solids, colloids, microorganisms, and organic matter from the raw water, reducing turbidity and pollution index, and preventing pollutants from depositing on the reverse osmosis membrane surface. This reduces membrane flux decline and the frequency of shutdowns for cleaning, ensuring continuous production. The series connection of the first-stage and second-stage reverse osmosis tanks, along with the first-stage and second-stage high-pressure pumps, achieves two-stage gradient desalination. Compared to a single-stage reverse osmosis membrane, this significantly improves the desalination effect on high-salinity water sources, meeting the product water quality standards for high-requirement scenarios such as electronic-grade ultrapure water preparation and chemical process water, while avoiding the energy consumption increase caused by simply increasing the pressure of the first-stage reverse osmosis. Attached Figure Description
[0013] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model.
[0014] 1. Filter box; 2. Primary high-pressure pump; 3. Primary reverse osmosis box; 4. Secondary high-pressure pump; 5. Secondary reverse osmosis box; 6. Raw water pipe; 7. Media filtration assembly; 71. Anthracite filter layer; 72. Quartz sand filter layer; 73. Magnetite filter layer; 8. Ultrafiltration assembly; 9. Primary reverse osmosis membrane; 10. Secondary reverse osmosis membrane; 11. Concentrate chamber; 12. Product water chamber; 13. Connecting pipe; 14. Outlet pipe; 15. Return pipe; 16. Flow control valve; 17. Check valve; 18. Discharge pipe; 19. Discharge valve. Detailed Implementation
[0015] like Figure 1As shown, a desalination water treatment device based on reverse osmosis membranes includes a filter box 1, a primary high-pressure pump 2, a primary reverse osmosis tank 3, a secondary high-pressure pump 4, and a secondary reverse osmosis tank 5. A raw water pipe 6 is connected to the top of the filter box 1. A media filtration assembly 7 and an ultrafiltration assembly 8 are arranged sequentially from top to bottom inside the filter box 1. A primary reverse osmosis membrane 9 and a secondary reverse osmosis membrane 10 are respectively installed in the primary reverse osmosis tank 3 and the secondary reverse osmosis tank 5. The primary reverse osmosis membrane 9 and the secondary reverse osmosis membrane 10 respectively filter the water from the primary reverse osmosis tank. The filter box 3 and the secondary reverse osmosis tank 5 are divided into a concentrate chamber 11 and a product water chamber 12. The bottom of the filter box 1 is connected to the inlet end of the primary high-pressure pump 2 through a connecting pipe 13. The outlet end of the primary high-pressure pump 2 is connected to the concentrate chamber 11 of the primary reverse osmosis tank 3. The product water chamber 12 of the primary reverse osmosis tank 3 is connected to the inlet end of the secondary high-pressure pump 4. The outlet end of the secondary high-pressure pump 4 is connected to the concentrate chamber 11 of the secondary reverse osmosis tank 5. The product water chamber 12 of the secondary reverse osmosis tank 5 is connected to an outlet pipe 14.
[0016] The concentrate chamber 11 of the secondary reverse osmosis tank 5 is connected to the connecting pipe 13 via a return pipe 15. The return pipe 15 is equipped with a flow control valve 16 and a check valve 17. The concentrate produced by the secondary reverse osmosis is partially returned to the pretreated connecting pipe 13 via a discharge pipe 18, realizing the recycling of water resources and improving the overall water recovery rate of the system. The flow control valve 16 can flexibly adjust the return flow according to the system operating status, while the check valve 17 prevents backflow of water, ensuring the safety and stability of system operation.
[0017] The bottom of the concentrate chamber 11 of the first-stage reverse osmosis tank 3 is connected to a discharge pipe 18, and a discharge valve 19 is installed on the discharge pipe 18; this facilitates the discharge of the concentrate produced by the first-stage reverse osmosis when needed, preventing excessive accumulation of salt in the first-stage reverse osmosis tank 3 and ensuring the normal operation of the system.
[0018] The media filtration assembly 7 includes an anthracite filter layer 71, a quartz sand filter layer 72, and a magnetite filter layer 73 arranged sequentially from top to bottom. The anthracite filter layer 71 can trap larger suspended particles, the quartz sand filter layer 72 further removes medium-sized impurities, and the magnetite filter layer 73 can intercept fine particles, effectively improving the pretreatment effect and providing better protection for the reverse osmosis membrane.
[0019] The ultrafiltration component 8 is a polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) ultrafiltration membrane. PVDF ultrafiltration membranes have the characteristics of good chemical stability, strong antifouling ability, and high mechanical strength, which can more efficiently retain colloids, microorganisms, and macromolecular organic matter in the water, ensuring the quality of the feed water to the reverse osmosis membrane and extending the service life of the reverse osmosis membrane.
[0020] Working principle:
[0021] Raw water enters the filter box 1 through the raw water pipe 6, first passing through the anthracite filter layer 71, quartz sand filter layer 72, and magnetite filter layer 73 of the media filter assembly 7 to remove large suspended solids, colloids, and other impurities. Then, it passes through the ultrafiltration assembly 8 to further trap tiny particles, microorganisms, and organic matter, completing pretreatment. The pretreated water enters the first-stage high-pressure pump 2 through the connecting pipe 13, and after pressurization, is sent to the concentrate chamber 11 of the first-stage reverse osmosis tank 3. Under pressure, water molecules permeate through the first-stage reverse osmosis membrane 9 into the product water chamber 12, where salt and other impurities are trapped to form concentrate, achieving preliminary desalination. The primary permeate in the permeate chamber 12 of the permeate tank 2 enters the secondary high-pressure pump 4, and after being pressurized again, it is sent to the concentrate chamber 11 of the secondary reverse osmosis tank 5. After further desalination by the secondary reverse osmosis membrane 10, the water molecules enter the permeate chamber 12 and are discharged through the outlet pipe 14 as the desalinated water product. Part of the concentrate in the concentrate chamber 11 of the secondary reverse osmosis tank 5 flows back to the connecting pipe 13 through the return pipe 15 under the control of the flow control valve 16 and the one-way valve 17, and mixes with the pretreated feed water for further treatment. The concentrate in the concentrate chamber 11 of the primary reverse osmosis tank 3 can be discharged through the discharge pipe 18 and the discharge valve 19.
[0022] This invention achieves gradient desalination by connecting two reverse osmosis membranes in series, significantly improving desalination efficiency and producing water that meets the requirements of high-demand scenarios. The improved pretreatment system effectively removes impurities, reduces reverse osmosis membrane fouling, lowers cleaning frequency, extends membrane element lifespan, and reduces maintenance costs.
[0023] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of this utility model. Those skilled in the art should understand that this utility model is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely preferred examples and are not intended to limit the utility model. Various changes and modifications can be made to this utility model without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the claimed utility model. The scope of protection of this utility model is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims
1. A desalination water treatment device based on a reverse osmosis membrane, characterized in that: The system includes a filter box (1), a primary high-pressure pump (2), a primary reverse osmosis tank (3), a secondary high-pressure pump (4), and a secondary reverse osmosis tank (5). A raw water pipe (6) is connected to the top of the filter box (1). From top to bottom, a media filtration assembly (7) and an ultrafiltration assembly (8) are arranged inside the filter box (1). The primary reverse osmosis tank (3) and the secondary reverse osmosis tank (5) each contain a primary reverse osmosis membrane (9) and a secondary reverse osmosis membrane (10), respectively. The primary reverse osmosis membrane (9) and the secondary reverse osmosis membrane (10) respectively filter the primary reverse osmosis tank (3) and the secondary reverse osmosis tank (5). The filter box (1) is divided into a concentrate chamber (11) and a product water chamber (12). The bottom of the filter box (1) is connected to the inlet end of the first-stage high-pressure pump (2) through a connecting pipe (13). The outlet end of the first-stage high-pressure pump (2) is connected to the concentrate chamber (11) of the first-stage reverse osmosis box (3). The product water chamber (12) of the first-stage reverse osmosis box (3) is connected to the inlet end of the second-stage high-pressure pump (4). The outlet end of the second-stage high-pressure pump (4) is connected to the concentrate chamber (11) of the second-stage reverse osmosis box (5). The product water chamber (12) of the second-stage reverse osmosis box (5) is connected to an outlet pipe (14).
2. The desalination water treatment device based on reverse osmosis membrane as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The concentrate chamber (11) of the secondary reverse osmosis tank (5) is connected to the connecting pipe (13) through the return pipe (15), and the return pipe (15) is equipped with a flow control valve (16) and a check valve (17).
3. The desalination water treatment device based on reverse osmosis membrane as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the concentrate chamber (11) of the first-stage reverse osmosis tank (3) is connected to a discharge pipe (18), and a discharge valve (19) is installed on the discharge pipe (18).
4. The desalination water treatment device based on reverse osmosis membrane as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The media filtration assembly (7) includes an anthracite filter layer (71), a quartz sand filter layer (72), and a magnetite filter layer (73) arranged sequentially from top to bottom.
5. The desalination water treatment device based on a reverse osmosis membrane as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The ultrafiltration module (8) is a polyvinylidene fluoride ultrafiltration membrane.