A vacuum system for oil and fat decolorization

Abstract

This utility model discloses a vacuum system for decolorizing oils and greases, including a decolorization reaction tank, a water ring vacuum pump, and a water separator. One side of the decolorization reaction tank is connected to an oil-vapor separator via a pipe. One side of the oil-vapor separator is connected to a primary condenser via a first branch pipe, and the primary condenser is connected to a secondary condenser via a second branch pipe. The inlet of the water ring vacuum pump is connected to the primary condenser via a third branch pipe. The water separator is equipped with several water separator connectors, two of which are connected to the primary and secondary condensers via fourth and fifth branch pipes, respectively. The use of a primary and secondary condenser for multi-stage condensation more effectively removes vapor from the gas phase, reduces the amount of gas entering the water ring vacuum pump, and, combined with the suction action of the water ring vacuum pump, significantly improves vacuum efficiency. Compared to traditional systems, this system can significantly shorten the time to reach the required vacuum level and accelerate the production process.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of oil decolorization technology, specifically relating to a vacuum system for oil decolorization. Background Technology

[0002] In oil refining processes, the decolorization step is a crucial stage that determines oil quality. Its core function is to remove impurities such as pigments, colloids, and trace metal ions from the oil using adsorbents like activated clay and activated carbon. Simultaneously, it improves the oil's oxidative stability and flavor characteristics, providing raw materials that meet quality standards for subsequent deodorization processes. Since the reaction between the adsorbent and the oil must be carried out in an air-isolated environment to prevent oxidative rancidity, oil decolorization must be conducted under strict vacuum conditions. This makes a vacuum system an indispensable core piece of equipment in the decolorization process.

[0003] Currently, traditional vacuum systems for oil decolorization in the industry mainly employ a method of four sets of jet pumps working in conjunction, such as... Figure 1 As shown, it consists of two sets of steam jet pumps and two sets of water jet pumps. Its working process relies on manual operation. The staff needs to go to the production workshop to manually open the steam and water supply valves and control the flow rate of the jet steam and jet water by adjusting the valve opening. After all four jet systems are started and reach a stable operating state, it usually takes about 60 minutes to reduce the vacuum degree in the decolorization reaction tank to the process requirement range before the decolorization production process can be started. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a vacuum system for decolorizing oils and greases, so as to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution: a vacuum system for decolorizing greases, comprising:

[0006] A decolorizing reaction vessel is used to carry out a decolorizing reaction of oils and fats and produce a mixed gas phase containing steam, oil vapor, and non-condensable gases. One side of the decolorizing reaction vessel is connected to an oil vapor separator via a pipe. The oil vapor separator can separate the liquid components by utilizing the density difference between the gas phase and the liquid oil or material, allowing the liquid components to settle naturally under gravity. One side of the oil vapor separator is connected to a primary condenser via a first branch pipe. The primary condenser can contact the cooling medium to condense the incoming gas phase, causing the steam components to condense into liquid. A secondary condenser is connected to one side of the primary condenser via a second branch pipe. The secondary condenser can further condense the gas phase that has not been condensed after being treated by the primary condenser.

[0007] A water ring vacuum pump is provided. The air inlet of the water ring vacuum pump is connected to the first-stage condenser through a third branch pipe. The high-speed rotation of the impeller inside the water ring vacuum pump drives the circulating water to form a rotating water ring. This causes the volume of the sealed space between the water ring and the impeller blades to change periodically, thereby generating negative pressure at the air inlet. This allows the first-stage condenser to extract gas from the decolorization reaction tank through the first branch pipe and the pipe connecting the oil-gas separator and the decolorization reaction tank.

[0008] The water distribution tank serves as the distribution center for circulating water. The water distribution tank is equipped with several water distribution connectors, two of which are connected to the primary condenser and the secondary condenser respectively through the fourth branch pipe and the fifth branch pipe, for supplying circulating water to the primary condenser and the secondary condenser.

[0009] Preferably, one of the water distribution connectors on the water distribution package is connected to the heat exchanger via the sixth branch pipe. The heat exchanger enables the circulating water to exchange heat with the low-temperature tower water to reduce the temperature of the circulating water. A water pump is provided on one side of the heat exchanger, which can pressurize and transport the cooled circulating water to achieve cooling and pressurization of the circulating water, ensuring the cooling effect of the circulating water and the power of the system.

[0010] Preferably, the water pump's inlet is connected to a heat exchanger via a pipe, and its outlet is connected to a hot well via a pipe. The hot well is used to store the circulating water that has been pressurized and transported by the water pump, thus realizing the storage and subsequent reuse of the circulating water. The storage of the cooled and pressurized circulating water provides a guarantee for the reuse of the system's circulating water.

[0011] Preferably, both the primary and secondary condensers are connected to a drain pipe at the bottom for discharging and recycling condensate, so as to collect and reuse the liquid substances formed by condensation, discharge and recycle the condensate, and realize resource reuse.

[0012] Preferably, the outlet of the water ring vacuum pump is connected to the fifth branch pipe through the seventh branch pipe, so that the gas discharged from the water ring vacuum pump can be combined with the gas phase from the secondary condenser for subsequent processing, and the gas discharged from the vacuum pump and the gas phase output from the secondary condenser are combined for centralized subsequent processing.

[0013] Preferably, both the primary condenser and the secondary condenser are provided with a steam injection port on one side of their tops. Steam can be introduced to assist in adjusting the temperature and other operating conditions inside the condenser, thereby ensuring the condensation effect.

[0014] Preferably, the second branch pipe is equipped with a first control valve to control the on / off state and flow rate of the uncondensed gas phase after treatment by the first-stage condenser entering the second-stage condenser; the connection between the fifth branch pipe and the seventh branch pipe is equipped with a second control valve, and the seventh branch pipe is equipped with a third control valve. The second and third control valves work together to regulate the merging of the gas discharged from the water ring vacuum pump and the gas phase output from the second-stage condenser. By controlling the on / off state, flow rate and merging state of the gas phase through multiple control valves, the system operating conditions can be precisely regulated.

[0015] Preferably, the fourth and fifth branch pipes are respectively equipped with a fourth control valve and a fifth control valve for precisely adjusting the flow rate of circulating water entering the first-stage condenser and the second-stage condenser; the first branch pipe is equipped with a sixth control valve, which can adjust the speed and flow rate of gas entering the first-stage condenser according to the gas flow rate and pressure in the system, and can cut off the vacuum system to maintain the vacuum of the decolorization reaction tank when the vacuum is abnormal. The circulating water flow rate and gas parameters are adjusted by the control valve, and the system is cut off to maintain the vacuum of the reaction tank when abnormal.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0017] (1) Using a primary condenser and a secondary condenser for multi-stage condensation can more effectively remove vapor from the gas phase, reduce the amount of gas entering the water ring vacuum pump, and greatly improve the vacuuming efficiency in conjunction with the suction effect of the water ring vacuum pump. Compared with the traditional system, this system can significantly shorten the time to reach the vacuum level required by the process and speed up the production process.

[0018] (2) The system is equipped with multiple control valves (first to sixth control valves), which can control the flow and on / off of each pipeline through automatic or remote adjustment of the valves. This eliminates the need for staff to manually operate the system on-site in the production workshop, reducing the intensity of manual labor and minimizing human error.

[0019] (3) The circulating water system cools the circulating water through a heat exchanger, which avoids the problem of the vacuum level of the water ring vacuum pump decreasing due to the rise in working fluid temperature. At the same time, the water distribution manifold stabilizes the flow rate of circulating water in each branch, and the control valves precisely control the gas phase flow, ensuring the stability of the system vacuum level and providing a stable environment for the decolorization reaction of oils, which is conducive to improving the decolorization quality of oils.

[0020] (4) Multi-stage condensation recovers a large amount of steam condensate, realizing the reuse of resources. The closed-loop design of the circulating water system reduces water consumption. Furthermore, through reasonable pipeline design and valve control, the system's energy consumption is reduced, thereby saving production costs. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a system architecture diagram of the existing technology;

[0022] Figure 2 This is a system structure diagram of the present invention.

[0023] In the diagram: 1. Decolorization reaction vessel; 2. Oil-vapor separator; 3. First branch pipe; 4. Primary condenser; 5. Second branch pipe; 6. Secondary condenser; 7. Water ring vacuum pump; 8. Third branch pipe; 9. Water separator; 10. Fourth branch pipe; 11. Fifth branch pipe; 12. Sixth branch pipe; 13. Heat exchanger; 14. Water pump; 15. Hot well; 16. Drain pipe; 17. Seventh branch pipe; 18. Steam injection port; 19. First control valve; 20. Second control valve; 21. Third control valve; 22. Fourth control valve; 23. Fifth control valve; 24. Sixth control valve. Detailed Implementation

[0024] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0025] In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "equipped with", "sleeved with", "connected", etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, "connection" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; it can be a connection within two components. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0026] This utility model provides, for example Figure 1-2 A vacuum system for decolorizing greases, as shown, includes:

[0027] A decolorizing reaction tank 1 is used to carry out a decolorizing reaction of oils and fats and generate a mixed gas phase containing steam, oil vapor, and non-condensable gas. One side of the decolorizing reaction tank 1 is connected to an oil vapor separator 2 for separating oil vapor through a pipe. The oil vapor separator 2 can achieve separation by utilizing the density difference between the gas phase and the liquid oil or material, causing the liquid components to settle naturally under gravity. One side of the oil vapor separator 2 is connected to a primary condenser 4 through a first branch pipe 3. The primary condenser 4 can contact the cooling medium to condense the incoming gas phase, causing the steam components to condense into liquid. A secondary condenser 6 is connected to one side of the primary condenser 4 through a second branch pipe 5. The secondary condenser 6 can further condense the gas phase that has not been condensed after being treated by the primary condenser 4.

[0028] The water ring vacuum pump 7 has its inlet end connected to the first-stage condenser 4 via the third branch pipe 8. The high-speed rotation of the impeller inside the water ring vacuum pump 7 drives the circulating water to form a rotating water ring, causing the volume of the sealed space between the water ring and the impeller blades to change periodically, thereby generating negative pressure at the inlet. This allows the first-stage condenser 4 to extract the gas from the decolorization reaction tank 1 through the first branch pipe 3 and the pipe connecting the oil-gas separator 2 and the decolorization reaction tank 1.

[0029] Water distribution unit 9 serves as the distribution center for circulating water. It is equipped with several water distribution connectors, two of which are connected to the primary condenser 4 and the secondary condenser 6 via the fourth branch pipe 10 and the fifth branch pipe 11, respectively, for supplying circulating water to the primary condenser 4 and the secondary condenser 6.

[0030] One of the water distribution connectors on the water distribution unit 9 is connected to the heat exchanger 13 via the sixth branch pipe 12. The heat exchanger 13 enables the circulating water to exchange heat with the low-temperature tower water to reduce the temperature of the circulating water. A water pump 14 is provided on one side of the heat exchanger 13, which can pressurize and transport the cooled circulating water.

[0031] The water inlet of the water pump 14 is connected to the heat exchanger 13 through a pipe, and the water outlet is connected to the hot well 15 through a pipe. The hot well 15 is used to store the circulating water that has been pressurized and transported by the water pump 14, so as to realize the storage and subsequent reuse of the circulating water.

[0032] Both the primary condenser 4 and the secondary condenser 6 are connected to a drain pipe 16 at the bottom for discharging and recovering condensate, so as to collect and reuse the liquid substances formed by condensation.

[0033] The outlet of the water ring vacuum pump 7 is connected to the fifth branch pipe 11 through the seventh branch pipe 17, so that the gas discharged by the water ring vacuum pump 7 can be combined with the gas phase from the secondary condenser 6 for subsequent processing.

[0034] Both the primary condenser 4 and the secondary condenser 6 are equipped with a steam injection port 18 on one side of their top, which can be used to assist in regulating the temperature and other operating conditions inside the condenser by introducing steam.

[0035] The second branch pipe 5 is equipped with a first control valve 19, which is used to control the on / off state and flow rate of the uncondensed gas phase after being processed by the first-stage condenser 4 entering the second-stage condenser 6; the connection between the fifth branch pipe 11 and the seventh branch pipe 17 is equipped with a second control valve 20, and the seventh branch pipe 17 is equipped with a third control valve 21. The second control valve 20 and the third control valve 21 work together to regulate the merging of the gas discharged from the water ring vacuum pump 7 and the gas phase output from the second-stage condenser 6.

[0036] The fourth branch pipe 10 and the fifth branch pipe 11 are respectively equipped with a fourth control valve 22 and a fifth control valve 23, which are used to precisely adjust the flow rate of circulating water entering the first-stage condenser 4 and the second-stage condenser 6; the first branch pipe 3 is equipped with a sixth control valve 24, which can adjust the speed and flow rate of gas entering the first-stage condenser 4 according to the gas flow rate and pressure in the system, and can cut off the vacuum system to maintain the vacuum level of the decolorization reaction tank 1 when the vacuum level is abnormal.

[0037] This vacuum system for decolorizing oils and greases generates a mixed gas phase containing steam, oil vapor, and non-condensable gases during the decolorization process in the decolorization reaction tank 1. This gas phase is first introduced into the oil-gas separator 2 through a pipeline. Inside the oil-gas separator 2, the mixed gas phase, due to the density difference between the gas phase and the liquid oil or material, causes the liquid components to settle naturally under gravity, adhere to the tank wall, and then converge to the bottom of the oil-gas separator 2, thereby separating from the gas phase. This effectively prevents liquid substances from entering subsequent pipelines and equipment, avoiding pipeline blockage or equipment malfunction.

[0038] The separated gas phase is transported through the first branch pipe 3. As it flows through the sixth control valve 24, the valve's opening and closing degree can be flexibly adjusted according to the gas phase flow rate and pressure within the system, controlling the speed and flow rate of the gas phase entering the first-stage condenser 4. Upon entering the first-stage condenser 4, the gas phase comes into full contact with the cooling medium inside the condenser. The vapor components condense into liquid due to the release of heat upon cooling. This condensate flows along the inner wall of the condenser to the drain pipe 16 and is ultimately guided to the recovery device for reuse. The gas phase that remains uncondensed after treatment by the first-stage condenser 4 continues to be transported through the second branch pipe 5. The first control valve 19 adjusts the pipe opening and closing and the gas flow rate according to the amount of uncondensed gas phase, allowing the gas phase to enter the second-stage condenser 6. The second-stage condenser 6 uses a similar condensation principle to the first-stage condenser 4, but may further condense the gas phase by adjusting the cooling medium parameters. The remaining condensable components continue to condense into liquid here and are also recovered through the drain pipe 16. After two stages of condensation... The remaining non-condensable gas enters the water ring vacuum pump 7 through the third branch pipe 8. After the water ring vacuum pump 7 starts, its internal impeller rotates at high speed, driving the injected circulating water to form a rotating water ring. Multiple periodically changing sealed spaces are formed between the water ring and the impeller blades. When the space volume expands, the internal pressure decreases, thereby drawing in the non-condensable gas; when the space volume contracts, the pressure increases, compressing the drawn-in non-condensable gas and discharging it through the exhaust port. Through this continuous process of gas intake and exhaust, the gas in the decolorization reaction tank 1 is continuously extracted, gradually forming and maintaining a vacuum state inside the tank. The gas discharged from the water ring vacuum pump 7 is led out through the seventh branch pipe 17. Under the coordinated regulation of the second control valve 20 and the third control valve 21, it can merge with the gas phase from the secondary condenser 6 and enter the subsequent waste gas treatment or emission stage together to ensure that the gas emission meets the relevant standards. If the vacuum degree is abnormal, the sixth control valve 24 can be closed to cut off the vacuum system, maintain the vacuum degree of the decolorization reaction tank 1, and stabilize the product quality.

[0039] Water distribution unit 9 serves as the distribution center for circulating water. It supplies circulating water to the first-stage condenser 4 and the second-stage condenser 6 through the fourth branch pipe 10 and the fifth branch pipe 11, respectively. The fourth control valve 22 and the fifth control valve 23 can precisely regulate the flow rate of circulating water in the two branch pipes to ensure a stable flow rate of cooling medium entering the condenser, so that the condenser is always in the best working state and meets the gas phase condensation requirements. When the vacuum pump is working, it needs to continuously inject cooling water to form a water ring. This cooling water no longer uses a new external water source, but is connected to the water storage pipe of the first-stage condenser 4 through a new connecting pipe. When the water ring vacuum pump 7 is started, the pipe valve is opened, and the cooling water enters the water ring vacuum pump 7 under pressure. Under the rotation of the impeller, a stable water ring is formed to meet the working requirements of the water ring vacuum pump 7 for gas intake and exhaust. The water that has participated in the circulation (including a small amount of gas condensate) flows out through the drain port of the water ring vacuum pump 7 and can be transported to the recovery tank through the pipeline. After merging with other recovered liquids, it forms a closed loop for utilization, ensuring the stability of the state inside the water ring vacuum pump 7.

[0040] The water distribution tube 9 sends part of the circulating water into the heat exchanger 13 through the sixth branch pipe 12. Inside the heat exchanger 13, the circulating water exchanges heat with the low temperature tower water, and the temperature of the circulating water is reduced. Then, after being pressurized by the water pump 14, it is transported to the hot well 15 for storage, so as to realize the reuse of the circulating water.

[0041] Finally, it should be noted that the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the present utility model. Although the present utility model has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present utility model should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A vacuum system for decolorization of fats and oils, characterized in that, include: A decolorizing reaction vessel (1) is connected to an oil vapor separator (2) for separating oil vapor through a pipe on one side of the decolorizing reaction vessel (1). A first-stage condenser (4) is connected to one side of the oil vapor separator (2) through a first branch pipe (3), and a second-stage condenser (6) is connected to one side of the first-stage condenser (4) through a second branch pipe (5). A water ring vacuum pump (7) is connected to a first-stage condenser (4) through a third branch pipe (8). A negative pressure is generated at the inlet of the water ring vacuum pump (7) so that the first-stage condenser (4) can extract the gas in the decolorization reaction tank (1) through the first branch pipe (3) and the pipeline connecting the oil-gas separator (2) and the decolorization reaction tank (1). Water distribution bag (9); the water distribution bag (9) is provided with several water distribution joints, and two of the water distribution joints are connected to the first-stage condenser (4) and the second-stage condenser (6) respectively through the fourth branch pipe (10) and the fifth branch pipe (11).

2. The vacuum system for oil and fat decolorization according to claim 1, characterized in that: One of the water distribution connectors on the water distribution unit (9) is connected to the heat exchanger (13) via the sixth branch pipe (12), and a water pump (14) is provided on one side of the heat exchanger (13).

3. The vacuum system for decolorizing greases according to claim 2, characterized in that: The water pump (14) has its inlet end connected to the heat exchanger (13) via a pipe, and its outlet end connected to the hot well (15) via a pipe.

4. The vacuum system for oil and fat decolorization according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of both the primary condenser (4) and the secondary condenser (6) is connected to a drain pipe (16) for discharging and recycling condensate.

5. The vacuum system for oil and fat decolorization according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outlet of the water ring vacuum pump (7) is connected to the fifth branch pipe (11) through the seventh branch pipe (17).

6. The vacuum system for oil and fat decolorization according to claim 1, characterized in that: Both the primary condenser (4) and the secondary condenser (6) are provided with a steam injection port (18) on one side of their top.

7. The vacuum system for oil and fat decolorization according to claim 5, characterized in that: The second branch pipe (5) is provided with a first control valve (19), the fifth branch pipe (11) and the seventh branch pipe (17) are provided with a second control valve (20), and the seventh branch pipe (17) is provided with a third control valve (21).

8. The vacuum system for oil and fat decolorization according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fourth branch pipe (10) and the fifth branch pipe (11) are respectively equipped with a fourth control valve (22) and a fifth control valve (23), and the first branch pipe (3) is equipped with a sixth control valve (24).

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