A cofferdam tide retaining structure

Abstract

This utility model discloses a cofferdam tide-blocking structure, comprising: a cofferdam, a gate, a gate chamber, a tide-blocking gate, an arc-shaped wave-breaking plate, and an airbag; the gate and gate chamber are located at the gap in the cofferdam, and the tide-blocking gate is located upstream of the cofferdam; the arc-shaped wave-breaking plate is arranged on the top of the cofferdam and hinged to it, and an airbag is arranged between the arc-shaped wave-breaking plate and the top of the cofferdam. During operation, the airbag inflates to lift the arc-shaped wave-breaking plate; when work is stopped, the airbag deflates and contracts, and the arc-shaped wave-breaking plate falls down. This application reduces the height of the cofferdam, thus reducing the amount of earthwork. The dynamic wave-blocking structure effectively resists the impact of high tide waves, preventing erosion damage to the top of the cofferdam. The arc-shaped wave-breaking plate and the airbag work together to block silt and keep the water quality in the pit clean. The gate system automatically opens and closes to ensure the passage of ships and machinery around the clock, improving construction efficiency. The airbag support structure can be repeatedly inflated and deflated, reducing material consumption and maintenance costs.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of water conservancy engineering technology, and in particular to a cofferdam tide-blocking structure. Background Technology

[0002] With the intensification of global climate change, river estuaries face severe challenges such as frequent flooding and seawater intrusion. Traditional tidal barrier construction presents numerous technical difficulties: First, soft soil excavation requires dry construction methods, but the deep silt at the estuary leads to a high risk of mechanical subsidence and low excavation efficiency. Second, maintaining dry construction necessitates the construction of high cofferdams and diversion facilities, significantly increasing project costs. Third, the use of ship-mounted excavators is subject to tidal restrictions, with grounding accidents easily occurring at low tide. In existing solutions, while downstream cofferdams can create enclosed waterways, they block the passage of silt transport vessels, severely impacting silt removal efficiency. Furthermore, high tides can cause erosion at the top of the cofferdam, carrying floating silt back into the foundation pit; traditional methods of raising the cofferdam or secondary reinforcement lead to a significant increase in project costs. The design of cofferdam structures must simultaneously address multiple contradictions, including ship-mounted vessel access, tidal adaptability, and wave resistance; current technologies have not yet provided a systematic solution that balances construction efficiency and economy. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In view of this, the present invention provides a cofferdam tide-blocking structure, which solves the technical problems of low efficiency in soft foundation excavation, high cofferdam construction cost, risk of ship and machinery grounding due to tidal restrictions, and wave erosion of the cofferdam in traditional construction, while taking into account the advantages of construction efficiency and economy.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution: A cofferdam tide-blocking structure includes: a cofferdam, a gate, a gate chamber, a tide-blocking gate, an arc-shaped wave-blocking plate, and an airbag; the gate and the gate chamber are located at the gaps in the cofferdam, and the tide-blocking gate is located upstream of the cofferdam; the arc-shaped wave-blocking plate is arranged on the top of the cofferdam and hinged to the cofferdam, and an airbag is arranged between the arc-shaped wave-blocking plate and the top of the cofferdam; during operation, the airbag is inflated to lift the arc-shaped wave-blocking plate, and when operation stops, the airbag is deflated and the arc-shaped wave-blocking plate falls down.

[0005] Preferably, the arc-shaped wave-breaking plate is an independent plate and multiple arc-shaped wave-breaking plates are arranged side by side on the top of the cofferdam, and an assembly joint is arranged between adjacent arc-shaped wave-breaking plates.

[0006] Preferably, the airbag is an independent airbag and there are multiple airbags, with each of the multiple independent airbags corresponding to one of the multiple arc-shaped wave deflectors.

[0007] Preferably, the airbag is an integrated airbag, and its internal inflation space is connected as one unit.

[0008] Preferably, the airbag is gourd-shaped, and after inflation, the upper and lower parts of the gourd-shaped airbag abut against the arc-shaped wave deflector, respectively.

[0009] Preferably, the cofferdam tide-blocking structure further includes an arc-shaped base, which is arranged on the top of the cofferdam, and the airbag is installed on the arc-shaped base, with the arc-shaped mounting surface on the arc-shaped base fitting against the bottom of the inflated airbag.

[0010] Preferably, the cofferdam tide-blocking structure further includes a flexible cable, the two ends of which are fixedly connected to the top of the cofferdam and the arc-shaped wave-blocking plate, respectively.

[0011] Preferably, the flexible cable includes an upper flexible cable and a lower flexible cable, the upper flexible cable being arranged on the side of the airbag closer to the river channel, and the lower flexible cable being arranged on the side of the airbag closer to the sea area.

[0012] Preferably, the gate chamber is divided into upper and lower parts, wherein the upper part is an open gap and the lower part is a hollow structure, and a bottom sill is provided between the open gap and the hollow structure, and the open gap and the hollow structure are connected at the bottom sill; the outside of the hollow structure is a solid plate to block the sea area from the river channel; the top of the gate is provided with a water inlet and a valve, and the bottom is provided with a drainage hole and a protrusion; a spring and a drainage pipe connected to the drainage hole are arranged below the gate; a rubber waterstop is arranged between the seaward side of the gate and the gate chamber.

[0013] Preferably, the drainage pipe is divided into three sections, namely, a first drainage pipe, a second drainage pipe, and a third drainage pipe; wherein, the first drainage pipe is directly connected to the drainage hole and extends into the gate chamber, and the first drainage pipe is a telescopic structure that can automatically extend and retract with the raising and lowering of the gate; the second drainage pipe is arranged in the dam body of the cofferdam and extends to the top of the cofferdam; the third drainage pipe is arranged on the top of the cofferdam and connected to a drainage pump arranged on the top of the dam.

[0014] The beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows: Compared with the prior art, this application achieves a reduction in the height of the cofferdam, thus reducing the amount of earthwork. The dynamic wave-breaking structure effectively resists the impact of high tide waves, preventing scouring damage to the top of the cofferdam. The arc-shaped wave-breaking plate and the airbag work together to block floating silt, keeping the water quality in the pit clean. The automatic opening and closing of the gate system ensures the passage of ships and machinery around the clock, improving construction efficiency. The airbag support structure can be repeatedly inflated and deflated, reducing material consumption and maintenance costs.

[0015] Additional aspects and advantages of this invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a plan view of the dike tide-blocking structure of this utility model; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the gate of this utility model in working state; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the open-gap passage state of this utility model; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the arc-shaped wave deflector of this utility model in operation; Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional view of the gate of this utility model; Figure 6 yes Figure 1 Enlarged view of region A in the middle; Figure 7 yes Figure 2 Enlarged view of region B in the middle; Figure 8 yes Figure 3 A magnified view of region C in the middle.

[0017] Figure label: 1. Cofferdam; 2. Sluice gate; 3. Rubber waterstop; 4. Gate chamber; 4-1. Open notch; 4-2. Cavity structure; 5. Spring; 6. Drainage pipe; 6-1. First-stage drainage pipe; 6-2. Second-stage drainage pipe; 6-3. Third-stage drainage pipe; 7. Drain pump; 8. Airbag; 9. Assembly seam; 10. Water inlet; 11. Valve; 12. Drain hole; 13. Arc-shaped base; 14. Flexible cable; 14-1. Upper flexible cable; 14-2. Lower flexible cable; 15. Gap; 16. Bottom sill; 17. Curved wave baffle; 18. Tide gate; 19. Upstream cofferdam; 20. Foundation pit; 21. Protruding block. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The embodiments of this utility model are described in detail below. Examples of these embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to explain this utility model, and should not be construed as limiting this utility model.

[0019] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this utility model, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0020] The following is for reference. Figures 1 to 8 Describe the dike tide-blocking structure in the embodiments of this utility model.

[0021] This application discloses a dike tide-blocking structure, including: a dike 1, a gate 2, a gate chamber 4, a tide-blocking gate 18, an arc-shaped wave-blocking plate 17, and an airbag 8; the gate 2 and the gate chamber 4 are located at the gap 15 on the dike 1, and the tide-blocking gate 18 is located upstream of the dike 1; the arc-shaped wave-blocking plate 17 is arranged on the top of the dike 1 and is hinged to the dike 1, and an airbag 8 is arranged between the arc-shaped wave-blocking plate 17 and the top of the dike 1. During operation, the airbag 8 is inflated to lift the arc-shaped wave-blocking plate 17, and when operation stops, the airbag 8 is deflated and the arc-shaped wave-blocking plate 17 falls down.

[0022] Among them, cofferdam 1 refers to a water-retaining structure set up at the junction of the river channel and the sea area to form a closed construction area, for example... Figure 1 As shown, cofferdams are set up at both the upstream and downstream of the river channel. The cofferdam located upstream is called the upstream cofferdam 19, and the cofferdam located downstream is called the downstream cofferdam. The enclosed area between the upstream cofferdam 19 and the downstream cofferdam is the foundation pit 20, which is the silt excavation area. The cofferdam 1 referred to in this utility model is the downstream cofferdam, that is, the cofferdam 1 equipped with the arc-shaped wave-breaking plate 17. The tide gate 18 is arranged upstream of the cofferdam 1, forming a multi-level water-blocking defense line. The arc-shaped wave-breaking plate 17 is installed on the top of the cofferdam 1 by a hinge, and its angle can be adjusted by rotating around the hinge point. The airbag 8 is made of flexible rubber material. After inflation, it expands and lifts the wave-breaking plate. After deflating, it contracts and resets the wave-breaking plate, realizing dynamic height adjustment.

[0023] Specifically, when ships and machinery need to pass through gap 15 of cofferdam 1, gate 2 sinks to create a passageway. At this time, airbag 8 is in a deflated state, and the arc-shaped wave-breaking plate 17 is laid flat on the top of the cofferdam to avoid obstructing the movement of ships and machinery. When high tide waves impact cofferdam 1, airbag 8 is inflated, pushing the arc-shaped wave-breaking plate 17 to rise around the hinge point to form a wave barrier. The arc-shaped structure decomposes the wave impact force into horizontal and vertical components, reducing the stress on the main body of cofferdam 1. Airbag 8 acts as an elastic support to absorb impact energy and prevent damage to the rigid structure. After the tide recedes, airbag 8 is deflated, and the wave-breaking plate automatically returns to its initial position, restoring the original shape of cofferdam 1. This dynamic adjustment mechanism allows the height of cofferdam 1 to be reduced while maintaining its wave-breaking capability.

[0024] Compared to existing technologies, traditional cofferdams require the construction of a fixed-height solid structure to resist sea waves. This solution, however, uses airbags 8 to drive arc-shaped wave-breaking plates 17, forming a temporary wave barrier and reducing the permanent structural height of the cofferdam 1. Existing wave-breaking walls are rigidly connected and cannot adapt to tidal changes. This solution uses hinged wave-breaking plates in conjunction with flexible airbags 8 to achieve dynamic adjustment of the structural form. Traditional cofferdam construction requires multiple reinforcements to address siltation issues. This solution uses liftable wave-breaking plates to prevent silt from entering the foundation pit 20, reducing maintenance workload.

[0025] Through the above technical solutions, this application achieves a reduction in the height of the cofferdam 1, thereby reducing the amount of earthwork. The dynamic wave-breaking structure effectively resists the impact of high tide waves, preventing scouring damage to the top of the cofferdam 1. The arc-shaped wave-breaking plate 17 and the airbag 8 work together to block floating silt, keeping the water quality in the pit 20 clean. The automatic opening and closing system of the gate 2 ensures all-weather passage for ships and machinery, improving construction efficiency. The airbag 8 support structure can be repeatedly inflated and deflated, reducing material consumption and maintenance costs.

[0026] In some embodiments, for example Figure 2 As shown, the arc-shaped wave-breaking plates 17 are independent baffles, and multiple arc-shaped wave-breaking plates 17 are arranged side by side on the crest of the cofferdam 1. Assembly joints 9 are arranged between adjacent arc-shaped wave-breaking plates 17. An independent baffle means that each arc-shaped wave-breaking plate 17 is a separately manufactured and installed unit structure, and each baffle is connected to the crest of the cofferdam 1 by a hinge. Assembly joints 9 are the gaps reserved between adjacent baffles, allowing for slight displacement of the baffles under wave impact.

[0027] Specifically, multiple independent baffles are arranged at intervals along the crest length of cofferdam 1, with each baffle independently bearing local wave impact loads. When a baffle is subjected to abnormal impact, the resulting stress is transferred to adjacent baffles on both sides through the assembly joint 9, preventing stress concentration that could lead to structural failure. The gap width of the assembly joint 9 can be adjusted according to the wave load level; for example, a wider gap can be set in areas with frequent wave impacts to allow for greater deformation space. During baffle maintenance, only the target baffle needs to be disassembled without affecting the normal operation of other units, shortening the maintenance window to the time required to replace a single baffle.

[0028] Compared to existing technologies, traditional cofferdam wave-blocking structures typically employ monolithic concrete walls or continuous steel plate walls. These structures require complete repair when damaged in a localized manner, resulting in long construction periods and high maintenance costs. This solution uses a segmented design to discretize the wave-blocking structure, retaining the overall wave-blocking function while enabling local replacement. The introduction of assembly joint 9 replaces the traditional rigid connection method, giving the baffle the ability to adapt to micro-displacement in response to wave impacts and reducing the risk of fatigue cracking at the connection points.

[0029] Through the above technical solutions, this application effectively solves the problem of difficult maintenance caused by the excessive integrity of the top wave-blocking structure of cofferdam 1, and achieves modular and rapid maintenance. The segmented design of the independent baffles disperses the wave impact energy to multiple units, reducing the probability of single-point failure. The flexible connection characteristics of the assembly joint 9 alleviate the structural deformation constraints, avoid cumulative stress damage caused by foundation settlement or temperature changes, and extend the service life of the wave-blocking structure.

[0030] Preferably, the airbags 8 are independent airbags and there are multiple airbags, with each airbag corresponding one-to-one with a number of arc-shaped wave deflectors 17. Here, "independent airbag" means that each airbag 8 has an independent inflation chamber. "One-to-one correspondence" means that each independent airbag drives only one arc-shaped wave deflector 17, which can be achieved through spatial matching of the installation positions of the airbags 8 and the wave deflectors, so that the expansion and contraction of a single airbag 8 only acts on the corresponding wave deflector.

[0031] Specifically, during installation at the crest of cofferdam 1, each individual airbag is fixed directly below the corresponding arc-shaped wave deflector 17. When wave impact necessitates adjustment of the angle of a wave deflector, only the inflation level of the corresponding airbag 8 needs to be adjusted. For example, when wave intensity increases in a certain area, the inflation pressure of the corresponding airbag 8 can be increased individually, increasing the lifting angle of the wave deflector to enhance its wave resistance. If an airbag 8 ruptures, only the valve of that airbag 8 needs to be closed for repair or replacement; the remaining airbags 8 can still maintain normal operation. This structure allows for zoned control of the wave deflector assembly, preventing the entire wave-blocking system from failing due to the malfunction of a single airbag 8.

[0032] Through the above technical solution, this application achieves modular maintenance of the airbag 8 system, reducing the impact of local failures on the overall structure. Simultaneously, it enables targeted pressure adjustment based on differences in wave distribution, enhancing the wave-damping plate assembly's adaptability to complex sea conditions. Furthermore, the one-to-one correspondence between independent airbags and wave-damping plates simplifies the installation and positioning process, improving construction and assembly efficiency.

[0033] Preferably, the airbag 8 is an integrated airbag, with its internal inflation space being interconnected. Here, an integrated airbag refers to an inflation unit made of continuous flexible material without internal partitions.

[0034] Specifically, after installing an integrated airbag on the crest of cofferdam 1, the inflation device injects compressed gas into the airbag 8 through a single interface. The gas rapidly diffuses along the connecting space to the entire length of the airbag 8, simultaneously lifting multiple arc-shaped wave-damping plates 17 to their working angle. Because the internal pressure of the airbag 8 is balanced, the lifting force on each wave-damping plate remains consistent, preventing tilting due to localized pressure differences. Compared to the operation mode where individual airbags need to be inflated one by one, this solution shortens the inflation time to a single operation cycle and requires only one inflation device.

[0035] Through the above technical solution, this application solves the problems of low inflation efficiency and large number of devices required for independent airbags. The integrated airbag achieves rapid gas diffusion through the internal interconnected space, and only a single inflation device is needed to complete the lifting operation of all wave-breaking plates, significantly shortening the construction preparation time during the tidal interval, and is especially suitable for coastal cofferdam projects that require rapid response to tidal changes.

[0036] In some embodiments, for example Figure 4 As shown, the airbag 8 is gourd-shaped. After inflation, the upper and lower parts of the gourd-shaped airbag abut against the arc-shaped wave deflector 17. The gourd-shaped airbag refers to a flexible inflatable gas with two expansion sections (upper and lower) and a contraction section in the middle. The upper and lower parts refer to two independent expansion areas located at the top and bottom of the airbag 8, respectively, forming a stepped support surface after inflation. The contraction section in the middle limits the lateral expansion, preventing excessive deformation of the airbag 8 that could lead to structural instability.

[0037] Specifically, in the inflated state, the upper part of the airbag 8 makes surface contact with the upper part of the arc-shaped wave deflector 17, and the lower part makes surface contact with the lower part of the wave deflector. These two contact areas decompose the wave impact force into upper and lower parts, absorbing the impact energy through the elastic deformation of the airbag 8. The middle contraction section limits the lateral expansion of the airbag 8, preventing it from moving out of its designed position due to lateral wave impact. The dual support points formed by the upper and lower contact areas ensure that the pressure is evenly transmitted along the arc surface of the wave deflector to the top of the cofferdam 1, reducing localized stress concentration.

[0038] Through the above technical solution, this application effectively solves the pressure concentration problem caused by insufficient contact area between the airbag 8 and the wave deflector, reducing the probability of fatigue damage to the airbag 8 under dynamic loads. The dual-contact-point structure allows wave impact energy to be absorbed in segments, reducing the peak load at a single support point. The stepped support surface of the airbag 8 can adapt to wave impacts at different angles, improving structural stability.

[0039] In some embodiments, for example Figure 4 As shown, the cofferdam's tide-blocking structure also includes an arc-shaped base 13, which is arranged on the crest of the cofferdam 1. The airbag 8 is mounted on the arc-shaped base 13, with its arc-shaped mounting surface conforming to the bottom of the inflated airbag 8. The arc-shaped base 13 is a rigid support structure with a preset curvature, and its arc-shaped mounting surface matches the bottom contour of the inflated airbag 8. This base is fixed to the crest of the cofferdam 1 by anchor bolts, forming a stable mounting base.

[0040] Specifically, the arc-shaped base 13 is fixed to the top of the cofferdam 1 via a pre-embedded installation method, and its arc-shaped mounting surface forms a full-contact fit with the bottom of the inflated airbag 8. When the impact force of the waves is transmitted to the airbag 8 through the arc-shaped wave-breaking plate 17, the arc-shaped mounting surface transforms the concentrated load into a uniformly distributed pressure along the normal direction of the curved surface, preventing the local stress at the bottom of the airbag 8 from exceeding the limit. During the inflation process of the airbag 8, the guiding effect of the arc-shaped mounting surface constrains the airbag 8 to expand in a preset direction, ensuring that the unfolded shape of the airbag 8 is consistent with the design outline. When maintenance is required, the arc-shaped base 13 or the airbag 8 can be replaced individually by removing the anchor bolts.

[0041] Through the above technical solution, this application effectively eliminates the problem of shape mismatch between airbag 8 and the contact surface of the weir crest, avoids damage to airbag 8 or weir crest structure caused by local stress concentration, and enhances the overall resistance to surge impact through the mechanical decomposition characteristics of the curved contact surface, thus extending the service life of airbag 8 and weir crest structure.

[0042] In some embodiments, for example Figure 4 As shown, the cofferdam's tide-blocking structure also includes a flexible cable 14, whose two ends are fixedly connected to the crest of the cofferdam 1 and the arc-shaped wave-breaking plate 17, respectively. The flexible cable 14 refers to a connecting component with tensile strength and allowing elastic deformation; it can be made of nylon braided rope or steel strand. Its two ends are connected to the embedded parts on the crest of the cofferdam 1 and the ear plates of the wave-breaking plate via anchor bolts. This component generates a restraining reaction force when the airbag 8 inflates and lifts the wave-breaking plate, limiting the horizontal displacement of the wave-breaking plate.

[0043] Specifically, when the airbag 8 inflates and pushes the arc-shaped wave deflector 17 upward, the flexible cable 14 is tensioned, forming a guiding constraint on the upward trajectory of the wave deflector. At this time, the elastic deformation characteristics of the flexible cable 14 allow the wave deflector to swing with a limited amplitude under wave impact, absorbing some kinetic energy through the tensile deformation of the fibers inside the cable. When the airbag 8 deflates and the wave deflector falls back, the flexible cable 14 relaxes and returns to its initial length, avoiding reverse constraint forces on the structure. This connection method maintains the working angle of the wave deflector while forming a dynamic balance system through the synergistic effect of the cable and the airbag 8.

[0044] Through the above technical solution, this application achieves dynamic constraint on the working position of the arc-shaped wave deflector 17, preventing the wave deflector from the designed installation angle during the inflation of the airbag 8. At the same time, the flexible connection absorbs the wave impact energy, reduces fatigue damage to the structural connection nodes, and improves the long-term working reliability of the tide-blocking device in tidal change environments.

[0045] In some embodiments, for example Figure 4As shown, the flexible cable 14 includes an upper flexible cable 14-1 and a lower flexible cable 14-2. The upper flexible cable 14-1 is arranged on the side of the airbag 8 near the river channel, and the lower flexible cable 14-2 is arranged on the side of the airbag 8 near the sea. The upper flexible cable 14-1 is a flexible connecting component located at the connection between the airbag 8 and the top of the cofferdam 1, near the river channel. It is used to limit the displacement caused by the expansion of the airbag 8 towards the river channel when inflated, and to balance the lateral force of the river flow on the structure through tension. The lower flexible cable 14-2 is a flexible connecting component located at the connection between the airbag 8 and the top of the cofferdam 1, near the sea. It is used to counteract the squeezing force exerted by the waves on the arc-shaped wave-breaking plate 17 towards the inside of the cofferdam 1, and to maintain the relative positional relationship between the airbag 8 and the cofferdam 1 through pre-tension.

[0046] Specifically, during the inflation of the airbag 8, which lifts the arc-shaped wave-damping plate 17, the upper flexible cable 14-1 on the river channel side, under tension, restricts the displacement of the airbag 8 and the wave-damping plate towards the river channel, while simultaneously bearing the tensile load generated by the inflation of the airbag 8. The lower flexible cable 14-2 on the sea side, under pre-tension, resists the impact of tidal surges on the wave-damping plate, preventing the airbag 8 from shifting inwards towards the cofferdam 1 under wave pressure. The upper and lower flexible cables 14 form a bidirectional constraint system, dynamically adjusting the balance position of the wave-damping plate through tension while the airbag 8 is in operation, ensuring it remains within the design angle range. When encountering tidal changes or wave impacts, the elastic deformation of the flexible cable 14 can absorb some of the impact energy, avoiding stress concentration caused by rigid connections.

[0047] Compared with existing technologies, traditional cofferdam structures for tide blocking typically use single-sided fixing devices or rigid supports to limit the displacement of wave-breaking plates, which cannot cope with the displacement problem caused by bidirectional forces. This application, by arranging flexible cables 14 in different areas and setting constraint components for different force directions on the river side and the sea side, forms a dynamic balance mechanism, which improves the adaptability to tidal fluctuations and wave impacts while ensuring structural stability.

[0048] Through the above technical solution, this application effectively solves the problem of wave deflection caused by uneven force when the airbag 8 is inflated. The synergistic effect of the upper and lower flexible cables 14 disperses the wave impact load, enhances the connection reliability between the airbag 8 and the cofferdam 1, avoids structural deformation or failure caused by excessive force on one side, and extends the service life of the tide-blocking device.

[0049] In some embodiments, for example Figure 2 and Figure 3As shown, the gate chamber 4 is divided into upper and lower parts. The upper part is an open gap 4-1, and the lower part is a hollow structure 4-2. A bottom sill 16 is provided between the open gap 4-1 and the hollow structure 4-2, and the open gap 4-1 and the hollow structure 4-2 are connected at the bottom sill 16. The outside of the hollow structure 4-2 is a solid plate, which is used to block the sea area from the river. The top of the gate 2 is provided with a water inlet hole 10 and a valve 11, and the bottom is provided with a drain hole 12 and a protrusion 21. A spring 5 and a drain pipe 6 connected to the drain hole 12 are arranged below the gate 2. A rubber waterstop bar 3 is arranged between the seaward side of the gate 2 and the gate chamber 4.

[0050] The open gap 4-1 refers to the unobstructed passage formed in the upper half of the lock chamber 4, allowing mud-carrying vessels to pass during high tide. The hollow structure 4-2 refers to the enclosed space formed in the lower half of the lock chamber 4; its hollow internal structure reduces material usage while maintaining structural strength. The bottom sill 16 refers to the lateral limiting member located at the junction of the open gap 4-1 and the hollow structure 4-2, used to limit the lifting and lowering stroke of the gate 2 and form a water flow channel. The inlet hole 10 and valve 11 refer to the water injection channel and its control device located at the top of the gate 2, used to introduce seawater during high tide to allow the gate 2 to sink under its own weight. The drain hole 12 and drain pipe 6 refer to the drain channel and connecting pipe located at the bottom of the gate 2, used to drain the water accumulated inside the gate 2 to trigger buoyancy and rise. The spring 5 refers to the elastic support component located below the gate 2, used to provide auxiliary supporting force when the gate 2 resets. The protruding block 21 refers to the limiting protrusion fixed to the bottom of the gate 2, which is used to form a mechanical engagement with the bottom sill 16 when the gate 2 rises. The rubber waterstop 3 refers to the sealing element installed on the contact surface between the gate 2 and the gate chamber 4, which produces a self-tightening sealing effect through water pressure.

[0051] Specifically, when the tide reaches the set height, seawater enters the internal cavity of the gate 2 through the inlet 10. The gate 2 sinks below the sill 16 due to its increased weight, at which point the open gap 4-1 is fully open to allow passage for mud transport vessels. When the tide recedes and the gate 2 needs to be closed, valve 11 closes to block the inflow, and the drainage pump 7 starts to discharge the water accumulated inside the gate 2 through the drainage pipe 6. The gate 2 floats up under the combined force of the spring 5 and its own buoyancy until the bottom protrusion 21 contacts the sill 16, forming a limit. During this process, the solid plate of the cavity structure 4-2 continuously blocks seepage between the sea and the river channel, while the rubber waterstop 3 expands radially under the water pressure within the pit 20, achieving a dynamic seal when the gate 2 is closed.

[0052] Through the above technical solution, this application achieves automatic coordinated control of the opening, closing, and sealing of gate 2 under tidal conditions. During high tide, gate 2 reliably sinks to form a passage for ships, and the cavity structure 4-2 continuously prevents seawater infiltration; during low tide, gate 2 accurately resets and achieves zero-leakage sealing through a water pressure self-tightening mechanism. This solution can complete the state switching of gate 2 without an external power source, reducing equipment maintenance costs. At the same time, the mechanical limit structure ensures the repeatability of gate 2's actions and extends the service life of the sealing components.

[0053] In some embodiments, for example Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the drainage pipe 6 is divided into three sections, namely, the first drainage pipe 6-1, the second drainage pipe 6-2, and the third drainage pipe 6-3. The first drainage pipe 6-1 is directly connected to the drainage hole 12 and extends into the gate chamber 4. The first drainage pipe 6-1 is a telescopic structure that can automatically extend and retract with the rise and fall of the gate 2. The second drainage pipe 6-2 is arranged in the dam body of the cofferdam 1 and extends to the top of the cofferdam 1. The third drainage pipe 6-3 is arranged on the top of the cofferdam 1 and is connected to the drainage pump 7 arranged on the top of the cofferdam.

[0054] The expandable structure refers to a pipe structure that can freely expand and contract along the axial direction. This can be achieved using corrugated pipes or sleeve-type connection structures, adapting to displacement changes caused by the raising and lowering of gate 2 through elastic deformation or sliding fit. The segmented layout of the three-section drainage pipe 6-3 refers to decomposing the drainage path into a gate connection section, a weir body embedding section, and a weir crest power section, ensuring a modular design of the drainage system through functional zoning. The weir body embedding section refers to the pipe portion embedded in the main structure of the cofferdam 1, utilizing the solid structure of the cofferdam 1 to protect the pipe. The weir crest power section refers to the terminal pipe connected to the drainage pump 7, facilitating docking with mobile drainage equipment.

[0055] Specifically, when the gate 2 rises or falls, a section of drainage pipe 6-1 compensates for the relative displacement between the gate 2 and the weir body through its own expansion and contraction characteristics, preventing leakage or structural damage to the pipe joints due to stretching or compression. The second section of drainage pipe 6-2 forms a fixed drainage channel within the weir body of the cofferdam 1, guiding water flow from the gate chamber 4 to the weir crest area, while simultaneously utilizing the weir material to provide rigid support and external protection for the pipe. The third section of drainage pipe 6-3 is detachably connected to the drainage pump 7, forming an active drainage control node at the weir crest, achieving a complete drainage path from the bottom of the gate 2 to the drainage equipment. Each pipe section maintains water flow continuity through sealed connections, establishing a stable drainage link between the dynamic movement of the gate 2 and the static structure of the cofferdam 1.

[0056] Through the above technical solution, this application solves the problem of drainage interruption caused by the inability of the drainage pipe 6 to adaptively expand and contract during the raising and lowering of the gate 2. The segmented layout achieves coordinated operation between the pipeline system and the cofferdam 1 structure. The expandable structure effectively absorbs the displacement of the gate 2, avoiding the risk of leakage caused by pipeline deformation; the buried section of the cofferdam body utilizes the solid structure of the cofferdam 1 to protect the pipeline from external impacts, extending its service life; the power section at the top of the cofferdam simplifies the maintenance process of the drainage equipment through modular connections. This technical solution significantly reduces the system failure rate while ensuring drainage efficiency, providing a reliable drainage solution for the cofferdam 1 project.

[0057] Other components and operations of the dike tide-blocking structure according to the embodiments of this utility model are known to those skilled in the art and will not be described in detail here.

[0058] In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. Moreover, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and integrate the different embodiments or examples described in this specification, as well as the features of different embodiments or examples.

[0059] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, those skilled in the art will understand that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A cofferdam tide barrier structure, characterised in that, include: Cofferdam, gate, lock chamber, tide gate, arc-shaped wave deflector and airbag; The gate and the gate chamber are located at the gap in the cofferdam, and the tide barrier is located upstream of the cofferdam; The arc-shaped wave-breaking plate is arranged on the top of the cofferdam and hinged to the cofferdam. The airbag is arranged between the arc-shaped wave-breaking plate and the top of the cofferdam. During operation, the airbag is inflated to lift the arc-shaped wave-breaking plate. When operation stops, the airbag is deflated and the arc-shaped wave-breaking plate falls down.

2. The cofferdam tide barrier according to claim 1, wherein The arc-shaped wave-breaking plate is an independent plate and there are multiple of them. The multiple arc-shaped wave-breaking plates are arranged side by side on the top of the cofferdam, and there are splicing joints between adjacent arc-shaped wave-breaking plates.

3. A cofferdam surge structure according to claim 2, wherein, The airbag is an independent airbag and there are multiple airbags, and each of the multiple independent airbags corresponds to one of the multiple arc-shaped wave deflectors.

4. The cofferdam tide barrier structure of claim 2, wherein, The airbag is an integrated airbag, with its internal inflation space connected as one unit.

5. A cofferdam tide barrier according to claim 3 or 4, characterised in that, The airbag is gourd-shaped. After being inflated, the upper and lower parts of the gourd-shaped airbag abut against the arc-shaped wave deflector, respectively.

6. The cofferdam tide barrier structure of claim 1, wherein, It also includes an arc-shaped base, which is arranged on the top of the cofferdam, and the airbag is installed on the arc-shaped base, with the arc-shaped mounting surface on the arc-shaped base fitting against the bottom of the inflated airbag.

7. The cofferdam tide barrier structure of claim 1, wherein, It also includes a flexible cable, the two ends of which are fixedly connected to the top of the cofferdam and the arc-shaped wave-breaking plate, respectively.

8. The cofferdam tide barrier according to claim 7, wherein, The flexible cable includes an upper flexible cable and a lower flexible cable. The upper flexible cable is arranged on the side of the airbag closer to the river channel, and the lower flexible cable is arranged on the side of the airbag closer to the sea area.

9. The cofferdam tide barrier of claim 1, wherein, The lock chamber is divided into upper and lower parts. The upper part is an open gap, and the lower part is a hollow structure. A bottom sill is provided between the open gap and the hollow structure, and the open gap and the hollow structure are connected at the bottom sill. The outside of the hollow structure is a solid plate, which is used to block the sea area from the river. The gate is provided with an inlet hole and a valve at the top, and a drain hole and a protrusion at the bottom; a spring and a drain pipe connected to the drain hole are arranged below the gate; a rubber waterstop is arranged between the seaward side of the gate and the gate chamber.

10. A cofferdam surge barrier according to claim 9, characterised in that, The drainage pipe is divided into three sections, namely, a first drainage pipe, a second drainage pipe, and a third drainage pipe; wherein, the first drainage pipe is directly connected to the drainage hole and extends into the gate chamber, and the first drainage pipe is a telescopic structure that can automatically extend and retract with the raising and lowering of the gate; the second drainage pipe is arranged in the dam body of the cofferdam and extends to the top of the cofferdam; the third drainage pipe is arranged on the top of the cofferdam and connected to the drainage pump arranged on the top of the dam.

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