A prefabricated, non-removable formwork, formwork system

Abstract

This utility model discloses a prefabricated, non-removable template and template system, including a non-removable panel and a temporary support frame. The temporary support frame is detachably connected to the outer surface of the non-removable panel via fasteners. Before leaving the factory, the non-removable panel and the temporary support frame are assembled to form an integrated prefabricated, non-removable template. The template system is based on the prefabricated, non-removable template. The non-removable panel and temporary support frame of this utility model are all prefabricated and assembled in the factory, effectively simplifying on-site construction procedures. The non-removable panel has a large surface area, resulting in fewer seams in the template system, and is equipped with inter-panel compression sealing waterstops, significantly improving its waterproof and seepage-resistant performance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of formwork engineering technology, specifically relating to a prefabricated, non-removable formwork and formwork system. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of my country's construction industry, high quality and high efficiency have become the goals that people constantly pursue. Formwork engineering, as a crucial component of concrete structure construction, significantly impacts the overall project quality, construction period, and project cost. Traditional formwork engineering often uses wooden and steel formwork as the main support materials, offering advantages such as simplicity, availability, and high design flexibility. However, installation requires substantial manpower and resources, resulting in low construction efficiency and difficulty in guaranteeing construction quality. Recent national engineering quality and safety inspection reports show that the surface treatment defect rate of concrete poured using traditional formwork is as high as 0.8 defects / ㎡, and the plastering hollow rate remains as high as 12.7%. Furthermore, traditional formwork reinforcement uses timber, steel pipes, tie bolts, etc., leading to long construction cycles and significant manpower and material consumption. Domestically, over 35 million tons of construction formwork waste are generated annually.

[0003] Non-removable formwork refers to a special type of profile or component specifically designed and prefabricated for cast-in-place concrete structures. It can perform all the functions of concrete formwork and is never removed. It effectively solves the problems of long construction cycles, numerous surface defects, and serious resource waste associated with traditional formwork, aligning with the green and high-quality development requirements of the construction industry. Based on existing technical data and engineering practice, cement-based non-removable formwork has become a hot topic in the formwork industry's research, development, and engineering application in recent years due to its advantages such as high durability, low carbon emissions, and ease of construction.

[0004] However, currently available foamed concrete and fiber-reinforced cement board panels with no-formwork installation are limited by their mechanical properties, resulting in smaller processing dimensions, greater thickness, more seams, and the need for on-site assembly. They mainly present the following two problems:

[0005] Firstly, a large number of seams will result in poor waterproof and seepage-proof performance.

[0006] Secondly, when using on-site assembly technology, a lot of manual handling is required, resulting in low construction efficiency. Utility Model Content

[0007] In view of this, the present invention provides a prefabricated, non-removable template and template system. The non-removable panels and temporary support frames are all prefabricated and assembled in the factory, which effectively simplifies the on-site construction process. The non-removable panels have a large surface area, fewer seams, and are equipped with inter-panel compression sealing waterstops, which greatly improves their waterproof and seepage-resistant performance.

[0008] This utility model is achieved through the following technical solution:

[0009] A prefabricated, non-removable template includes a non-removable panel and a temporary support frame; the temporary support frame is detachably connected to the outer surface of the non-removable panel by fasteners.

[0010] Before leaving the factory, the non-removable panels and temporary support frames are assembled into an integrated prefabricated non-removable template.

[0011] Furthermore, the edges of the inner and / or outer surfaces of each removable panel are machined into notches, and a waterstop is provided at the notches.

[0012] Furthermore, the two largest opposing surfaces of the non-removable panel are the inner and outer surfaces, with the inner surface facing the side where the concrete is poured; the temporary support frame is set on the outer surface of the non-removable panel by fasteners.

[0013] The non-removable panel has several threaded holes evenly arranged horizontally and vertically. The fasteners include nut I, screw, and nut II. The temporary support frame has several connecting holes that correspond one-to-one with the threaded holes. One end of the screw is threaded to nut I, and the other end passes through the threaded hole on the non-removable panel and the connecting hole on the temporary support frame in sequence before being threaded to nut II.

[0014] Furthermore, nut I is an eye nut.

[0015] Furthermore, the inner surface of the removable panel is textured.

[0016] Furthermore, the outer surface of the non-removable panel is smooth and covered with a removable protective film.

[0017] Furthermore, the removable panel uses high-performance cement-based materials.

[0018] Furthermore, the length of the non-removable panel ranges from 3.6m to 10.8m.

[0019] A prefabricated, non-removable template system is provided, based on a prefabricated, non-removable template. The template system is composed of several prefabricated, non-removable templates spliced ​​together, with waterstops extruded between adjacent non-removable panels.

[0020] Beneficial effects:

[0021] (1) The prefabricated non-removable template provided by this utility model completes the assembly of temporary support frame and non-removable panel before leaving the factory, so that there is no need to assemble the separate non-removable template on the construction site, which effectively simplifies the on-site construction process and improves construction efficiency.

[0022] (2) The edges of the inner and / or outer surfaces of each removable panel of this utility model are processed into missing corners, and a waterstop is provided at the missing corners. Compared with the anti-grouting structure at the joint of the previous removable template, the structure is simple, the joint is tightly sealed, and it is easy to repair and replace later. It is in line with the direction of high-quality development of the construction industry under the current trend of sustainable development.

[0023] (3) This utility model uses screws, nuts I and II to connect the non-removable panel and temporary support frame, which facilitates installation and disassembly.

[0024] (4) The nut I of this utility model is a lifting eye nut. The lifting eye of the lifting eye nut is located on the side of the non-removable panel facing the poured concrete to form a wall connection, which increases the reliability of the connection between the non-removable panel and the post-poured concrete.

[0025] (5) The inner surface of the non-removable panel of this utility model is textured, which can reliably bond with the concrete poured in the template later.

[0026] (6) The outer surface of the non-removable panel of this utility model is smooth and covered with a removable protective film, which can be removed and cleaned. It can protect the outer surface of the precast panel and prevent accidental surface scratches during construction. No secondary decoration is required in the later stage. It effectively improves the appearance quality and effect after the non-removable formwork is poured, which is in line with the direction of high-quality development of the construction industry under the current trend of sustainable development.

[0027] (7) The non-removable panel of this utility model uses high-performance cement-based materials, which makes the non-removable panel have excellent mechanical properties and seepage prevention properties.

[0028] (8) The length of the non-removable panel of this utility model is 3.6m to 10.8m, which can reduce the number of seams between non-removable panels, thereby reducing the possibility of leakage at the seam seal.

[0029] (9) The waterstop strip of the adjacent non-removable panel of the present invention is squeezed and set by extrusion, and a sealing waterstop structure with a seepage prevention level of not less than P12 is formed by extrusion.

[0030] In summary, this utility model is based on the concept of combining permanent and temporary structures, featuring an ultra-thin design for permanent, non-removable formwork and an overall modular design for temporary support, which is detachable, recyclable, and reusable, resulting in significant green economic benefits. In addition, the high-precision error control requirements for appearance, flatness, and embedded parts save on later maintenance and repair costs, which is in line with the direction of green and high-quality development in the construction industry under the current trend of sustainable development. Attached Figure Description

[0031] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the no-disassembly template system of this utility model;

[0032] Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional diagram of the panel structure of this utility model;

[0033] Figure 3 This is a side view of the non-removable panel structure of this utility model;

[0034] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a waterstop strip installed between adjacent non-removable panels of this utility model;

[0035] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the connection between the temporary support frame and the non-removable panel of this utility model;

[0036] Among them, 1-removable panel, 1-1-inner surface, 1-2-threaded hole, 1-3-corner notch, 1-4-outer surface, 2-fastener, 2-1-nut I, 2-2-nut II, 3-temporary support frame, 4-waterstop. Detailed Implementation

[0037] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0038] Example 1:

[0039] This embodiment provides a prefabricated, non-removable template; see attached document. Figure 1 It includes a non-removable panel 1 and a temporary support frame 3; the temporary support frame 3 is detachably connected to the outer surface 1-4 of the non-removable panel 1 by fasteners 2; before leaving the factory, the non-removable panel 1 and the temporary support frame 3 are assembled to form an integrated prefabricated non-removable template.

[0040] This embodiment provides a prefabricated, non-removable formwork that completes the assembly of the temporary support frame 3 and the non-removable panel 1 before leaving the factory, eliminating the need to assemble the individual non-removable formwork on the construction site, effectively simplifying the on-site construction process and improving construction efficiency.

[0041] The non-removable panel 1 uses high-performance cement-based materials, which are dense materials with ultra-low porosity and low shrinkage, such as ultra-high performance concrete (UHPC) or reactive powder concrete (RPC).

[0042] High-performance cement-based materials contain superabsorbent polymers and high-modulus fibers, ensuring that cracks with a width of ≤0.3mm can self-heal in humid environments, and the crack width after long-term use is limited to no more than 0.03mm.

[0043] The density of the non-removable panel 1 is ≤2500kg / m³, with a thickness of 8-16mm and a length of 3.6m-10.8m. Using extra-large panels with a length of 3.6m-10.8m reduces the number of seams between non-removable panels 1, thereby reducing the possibility of leakage at the seams. The cross-section of the non-removable panel 1 along its thickness direction can be straight, arc-shaped, right-angled, curved, or other shapes.

[0044] The compressive strength of the non-removable panel 1 shall not be less than 120MPa, the flexural strength shall not be less than 10MPa, the flexural modulus of elasticity shall not be less than 15GPa, the impermeability grade shall not be less than P12, and the service life shall be the same as that of the post-poured concrete and not less than 60 years.

[0045] The edges of the inner surface 1-1 and / or the outer surface 1-4 of each removable panel 1 are machined into notches 1-3, and a waterstop 4 is provided at the notches 1-3 to achieve sealing and water-stopping of the joints between removable panels 1. Furthermore, the notches 1-3 can be right-angle chamfers, rounded chamfers, concave arc notches, and other irregularly shaped notches;

[0046] See appendix Figure 2 , 3 And 5, so that the two largest opposing surfaces of the non-removable panel 1 are the inner surface 1-1 and the outer surface 1-4, with the inner surface 1-1 facing the side where the concrete is poured; the temporary support frame 3 is set on the outer surface 1-4 of the non-removable panel 1 by fasteners 2;

[0047] The non-removable panel 1 has several threaded holes 1-2 evenly arranged horizontally and vertically, with the center distance between adjacent threaded holes 1-2 being 600mm to 1200mm and the positional deviation being less than 1.0mm.

[0048] Fastener 2 includes nut I2-1, screw and nut II2-2; temporary support frame 3 is provided with several connecting holes corresponding one-to-one with threaded holes 1-2; one end of screw is threaded to nut I2-1, and the other end passes through threaded holes 1-2 on non-removable panel 1 and connecting holes on temporary support frame 3 in sequence and is threaded to nut II2-2.

[0049] Furthermore, nut I2-1 is a lifting eye nut, and the lifting eye of the lifting eye nut is located on the side of the non-removable panel 1 facing the poured concrete to form a wall tie, which increases the splitting tensile crack resistance reliability of the non-removable panel 1 and the post-poured concrete.

[0050] The outer surface 1-4 of the non-removable panel 1 is smooth and covered with a removable protective film. During construction, the protective film can prevent accidental scratches on the outer surface 1-4. After construction is completed, the protective film can be removed and cleaned, eliminating the need for secondary decoration of the template later.

[0051] The inner surface 1-1 of the non-removable panel 1 is textured to ensure reliable bonding with the concrete poured inside the formwork; the depth of the texture is 0.5mm to 4mm and the spacing is 20mm to 30mm, so that the splitting tensile strength of the non-removable panel 1 and the post-poured concrete is not less than 1.5MPa.

[0052] The flatness deviation of the side where the temporary support frame 3 is connected to the non-removable panel 1 shall not exceed 0.5mm / 2m, the size and position deviation of the connection hole shall not exceed 1.0mm, the cumulative deformation of the frame during hoisting and use shall not exceed 1.0mm, and it can naturally and elastically recover after deformation.

[0053] Example 2:

[0054] This embodiment provides a specific implementation based on Embodiment 1.

[0055] The removable panel 1 has a density of 2450 kg / m³. 3 The extra-large board is 10mm thick, 4.8m long and 1.2m wide. The cross-section of the non-removable panel 1 along the thickness direction is straight. The compressive strength of the non-removable panel 1 is 130MPa, the flexural strength is 11MPa, the flexural modulus of elasticity is 15GPa, the impermeability grade is P20, and the service life is 80 years.

[0056] The notch 1-3 is set on the side of the non-removable panel 1 near the poured concrete. The notch 1-3 is a right-angle chamfer with a right-angle side length of 4mm. The waterstop 4 has an adhesive backing on one side and is attached to the right-angle chamfer with the adhesive backing.

[0057] The outer surface 1-4 of the non-removable panel 1 has a ceramic-like aesthetic, with a flatness of 0.8mm / 2m and a protective film thickness of 0.2mm;

[0058] The texture depth of the inner surface 1-1 of the non-removable panel 1 is 0.5mm, the spacing is 20mm, and the splitting tensile strength of the post-poured concrete is 1.5MPa.

[0059] The diameter of the threaded holes 1-2 of the non-removable panel 1 is 6.0mm, the spacing is 900mm, the position deviation is 0.5mm, and the pull-out bearing capacity is 18kN.

[0060] The outer diameter of the screw is 6mm;

[0061] The temporary support frame 3 includes longitudinal ribs and transverse ribs; several longitudinal ribs are arranged side by side on the outer surface 1-4 of the non-removable panel 1, and each longitudinal rib is along a first direction; several transverse ribs are arranged side by side on the outer surface 1-4 of the non-removable panel 1, and each transverse rib is along a second direction, the first direction and the second direction intersect; in a specific example, the first direction and the second direction are perpendicular.

[0062] The temporary support frame 3 is 4.8m long and 1.2m wide. Both the longitudinal and transverse ribs are made of No. 16 I-beams. The I-beams and connecting bolts are galvanized for corrosion protection. It is designed to be disassembled and recycled up to 200 times. The flatness deviation of the side connected to the non-removable panel 1 is 0.5mm / 2m. It is equipped with evenly distributed 6.5mm connecting holes with a size deviation of 0.5mm, a spacing of 900mm, and a position deviation of 1.0mm. Through verification and analysis, the cumulative deformation of the frame during hoisting and use is 0.9mm, and the whole is within the elastic deformation range, that is, it can naturally elastically recover after deformation.

[0063] Example 3:

[0064] This embodiment provides a prefabricated, non-removable formwork system; see attached document. Figure 1 It is composed of several prefabricated, non-removable templates.

[0065] The waterstop 4 of the adjacent non-removable panel 1 is squeezed and set to form a sealing waterstop structure with a seepage prevention level of not less than P12.

[0066] In summary, the above are merely preferred embodiments of this utility model and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this utility model. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this utility model should be included within the scope of protection of this utility model.

Claims

1. A precast formwork, characterized in that, Includes a non-removable panel and a temporary support frame; the temporary support frame is detachably connected to the outer surface of the non-removable panel via fasteners; Before leaving the factory, the non-removable panels and temporary support frames are assembled into an integrated prefabricated non-removable template.

2. The prefabricated removable formwork according to claim 1, wherein, Each removable panel has its inner and / or outer edges machined into notches, with a waterstop strip installed at the notches.

3. The prefabricated, non-removable template as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The two largest opposing surfaces of the non-removable panel are the inner and outer surfaces, with the inner surface facing the side where the concrete is poured; the temporary support frame is set on the outer surface of the non-removable panel by fasteners; The non-removable panel has several threaded holes evenly arranged horizontally and vertically. The fasteners include nut I, screw, and nut II. The temporary support frame has several connecting holes that correspond one-to-one with the threaded holes. One end of the screw is threaded to nut I, and the other end passes through the threaded hole on the non-removable panel and the connecting hole on the temporary support frame in sequence before being threaded to nut II.

4. The prefabricated, non-removable template as described in claim 3, characterized in that, Nut I is an eye nut.

5. The prefabricated, non-removable template as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The inner surface of the non-removable panel has a textured finish.

6. The prefabricated, non-removable template as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The non-removable panel has a smooth outer surface and is covered with a removable protective film.

7. A prefabricated, non-removable template as described in any one of claims 2-6, characterized in that, The removable panel is made of high-performance cement-based material.

8. A prefabricated, non-removable template as described in any one of claims 2-6, characterized in that, The length of the non-removable panel ranges from 3.6m to 10.8m.

9. A prefabricated, non-removable formwork system, based on the prefabricated, non-removable formwork described in any one of claims 2-8, characterized in that, The template system is composed of several prefabricated, non-removable templates spliced ​​together, with waterstops squeezed together between adjacent non-removable panels.

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